2019-2020年高考英语(四月)阅读理解、书面表达选练(4).doc
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2019-2020年高考英语(四月)阅读理解、书面表达选练(4)阅读理解As children reach kindergarten and early grade-school age, they continue to bee increasingly more aware of the wider world beyond home, school and their neighborhood. If you havent already done so, this can be an excellent time to teach your child about the environment, and how you can work together to go green as a family. If youve already introduced some eco-friendly habits in your home, here are some ways your growing child can contribute more to the greening of his world and beyond. My 7-year-old son discovered a magazine cover on the table that featured a cover line about polar bears being endangered because of global warming. I decided to be straight with himI said yes, there is a danger to polar bears and other wildlife because of pollution. But I told him that we can all do something to go green and help make a difference, and perhaps help the polar bears and all living things on our planet. My grandmothers were immigrants(移民)who lived through wars in South Korea. They used to constantly remind me to turn off the lights, and even not to use too much toilet paper. As it turns out, these were great lessons. Have your child get into the habit of turning off lights and electronic equipment when hes not using them. A nice bonus(意外收获): reducing electricity use can help cut down your bills. A grade-schooler is old enough to understand that water es from lakes and pools. Explain that wasting it can affect everyone who depends on that water. Wasting water also means wasting energy. A tap that runs for five minutes is equal to letting a 60-watt bulb run for 14 hours, according to the Environmental Protection Agency. Make it easier for your grade-schooler to go green by choosing different baskets for glass, metal, paper, and plastic. Have your child draw pictures of recyclable types to mark each basket. Once a season or more, have your child help you look for used clothing, books, toys and other things around the house to give away to local shelters(避难所). 【文章大意】本文作者以自己的亲身经历告诉其他母亲应该如何在生活中帮助孩子变得更有环保意识, 让他们从小就有保护环境的观念。1. The underlined word“contribute”in Paragraph 1 means. A. buyB. useC. giveD. find【解析】选C。词义猜测题。由于本句里的introduced说明如果你已经介绍给孩子一些环保习惯了, 而且在接下来的三个段落中作者本人又给出一些关于绿色生活的建议。所以这里的contribute的意思是“给出”。2. What makes polar bears in danger according to the passage? A. The global warming at present and in future. B. The pollution of the air in developed countries. C. The loss of the forest all over the world at present. D. The hunt for them by people from across the world. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。第二段第一句里的being endangered because of global warming是本题的解题线索。需注意的是B选项, 虽然第二段说到了污染危及一些野生动物的生存, 但并不是针对空气污染而言, 所以不能选B。3. What does the author learn from her grandmothers? A. Make peace with any other country. B. Not moving to other foreign countries. C. Turn off the lights and the water to go green. D. Live a simple life without spending too much. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。第三段作者提到了自己的祖母和外祖母经历过战争后尤其重视节省, 本段的第二句话是解题线索, 第三、四句是作者的体会和经验, 第五句开始给出了自己也身体力行的理由, 所以答案选C。但是注意D项虽然不错, 但是和第二句作者的祖母和外祖母的要求相比, 没有确切说明为了环保而做的具体措施, 所以不能选。4. What is the best title of the passage? A. Ways to Help Your Child Make Money. B. Ways to Help Your Child Go Green. C. Setting up a Recycling Centre for Your House. D. Setting up Eco-friendly Habits Is Necessary. 【解析】选B。主旨大意题。首先要明确这篇文章的作者是一个母亲, 她在以自己的经历告诉别的母亲应该帮助自己的孩子更环保, 所以选项里的关键词是child和green。【技法导练】多学一点棋高一着阅读理解“圈点信息”的细节理解题细节理解, 就是在原文中能找到的信息, 可以采用“圈点信息”法, 把涉及的信息“圈点”出来, 以便分析利用。做细节理解题时, 可使用如下方法: 1. 细心审题, 带问题“圈”答案。先从问题中抓住关键性词语(题眼), 然后以此为线索, 运用略读及跳读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与此问题相关的段落、语句, 仔细品味, 对照比较, 确定答案。2. 变通理解, 间接转述“圈”答案。高考设题常对原句细微处进行改动, 选取原文词语或结构进行改造, 因果倒置, 把A的观点说成B的观点等。所以正确理解题干和信息句的意义是关键。3. 多点归纳, 综合事实“圈”答案。全面捕捉相关信息, 进行综合分析、归纳, 切忌根据“一面之词”草率地得出结论。上篇文章中的第2题为细节理解题。审题发现此题要求寻找_, 这样带着这个问题去原文中“圈点信息”就可以发现“_”为原因, 由此可以找到答案。答案: 造成北极熊濒临危险的原因 全球变暖 阅读理解。A weather map is an important tool for geographers. A succession of three or four maps presents continuous picture of weather changes. Weather forecasters are able to determine the speed of air masses and fronts (气锋) to determine whether an individual pressure area is deepening or being shallow and whether a front is increasing or decreasing in intensity (强烈). They are also able to determine whether an air mass is retaining its original characteristics or taking on those of the surface over which it is moving. Thus, a most significant function of the map is to reveal a summary picture of conditions in the atmosphere at a given time.All students of geography should be able to interpret a weather map accurately. Weather maps contain an enormous amount of information about weather conditions existing at the time of observation over a large geographical area. They reveal in a few minutes what otherwise would take hours to describe. The United States Weather Bureau issues information about approaching storms, floods, frosts and all climatic conditions in general. Twice a month it issues a 30-day “outlook” which is a rough guide to weather conditions likely to occur over broad areas of the United States. These 30-day outlooks are based upon an analysis of the upper air levels which often set the stage for development of air masses, fronts and storms.Considerable effort is being exerted today to achieve more accurate weather predictions, with identifying and tracking storms over regions which have but few meteorological(气象)stations. Extensive experiments are also in progress for weather modification studies.6. One characteristic of weather maps NOT mentioned by the author in this passage is _A. floods B. frontsC. temperature changes D. frosts7. The thirty-day forecast is determined by examining _A. daily weather maps B. upper air levelsC. satellite reports D. changing fronts8. The observation of weather conditions by satellites is helpful because it _A. is modern B. uses electronic instrumentsC. makes weather prediction easier D. shows things that would otherwise take hours to describe in a few minutes9. A weather map is a summary because it _A. sums up a great deal of information B. appears dailyC. shows changing fronts D. is a science book10. You may possibly read this article in _A. a magazine B. newspaper C. a novel D. a science book【参考答案】610、CBDAD阅读理解。In Western countries people have been using the installment (分期付款) plan since the first half of the twentieth century. Today, a large number of families in Great Britain buy furniture, household goods and cars by installments. In the U.S.A., the figure is much higher than in Great Britain, and people there spend over 10 percent of their ine on the installment plan. The price of an article bought on installments is always higher than the price that would be paid by cash. There is a charge for interest. The buyer pays one quarter or one third of the price as a down payment (预付定金) when the goods are delivered to him. He then makes regular payments, weekly or monthly, until the full price is paid up. The legal ownership of the goods remains with the seller until the final payment has been made. Installment buying has advantages and disadvantages. It can help couples with small ines to furnish their homes and start housekeeping. It increases the demand for goods, and in this way helps business and employment. There is, however, the danger that when business is bad, installment buying may end suddenly, making business much worse. This may result in a great increase in unemployment. If the people on the installment plan lose their jobs, they will probably not be able to make their payments. If great numbers of people are not able to pay their installment debts, there is a possibility that businessmen cannot collect their debts and will therefore lose money. If businessmen lose money or fail to make a satisfactory profit, it bees more likely to have a depression (萧条). This is why, in some countries, the government controls the installment plan by fixing the amount of the down payment and installments to discourage people from buying more than they can pay for on the installment plan.11. Which of the following is NOT TRUE about the installment plan?A. A lot of British families use the installment plan.B. More than 10 percent of American families buy things on installments.C. Americans depend more on installment than British people do.D. Americans spend one tenth of their ine on installment buying.12. Goods bought on installments are more expensive than goods bought by cash because _.A. the buyer has to pay extra money as interestB. the delivery of the goods charges extra moneyC. the buyer has to pay a down paymentD. the service offered by installment plan charged extra money13. What will happen to a buyer if he fails to make the full payment for an item bought on installments?A. He might lose his job.B. He will stop owning the item he has bought.C. He will have to sell what he has bought.D. He will go into debt.14. The advantage of installment buying might include all the following EXCEPT that _.A. purchasing power is strengthened.B. employment might be increasedC. people develop a good habit of saving moneyD. young couples are able to furnish their homes15. In some countries, the governments control the installment plan to _.A. increase employmentB. avoid depressionsC. ensure that businesses make good profitsD. ensure that people can pay for what they buy【参考答案】1115、BABCD (xx广东卷)第一节 基础习作你接受一项写作任务,要为当地英语晚报写一篇报道。写作内容请根据以下信息写一篇英文报道,内容包括:人物:英国人查理德阿维斯(Richard Avis)出生日期:1974年12月1日时间:2011年开始在世界各地寻找同年同月同日生的人目的:理解不同文化中成功人生的含义相关信息:借助当地媒体寻找迄今找到32名,其中男性17名,女性15名,来自13个国家职业包括政府官员、运动员、司机、教师、艺术家等计划40岁生日前找到40位同年同月同日生的人打算根据此经历写一本书同年同月同日生的人:time twin写作要求只能用5个句子表达全部内容评分标准句子结构准确,信息内容完整,篇章结构连贯。【考点】考察提纲类短文【写作指导】本文属于提纲类短文,叙述寻找同年同月同日生的人的Richard Avis所做事情的具体信息。使用第三人称和一般现在时为主(在叙述过去发生的事情时使用一般过去时)。要点:人物:英国人查理德阿维斯(Richard Avis)出生日期:1974年12月1日;时间:2011年开始在世界各地寻找同年同月同日生的人;目的:理解不同文化中成功人生的含义:借助当地媒体寻找;迄今找到32名,其中男性17名,女性15名,来自13个国家;职业包括政府官员、运动员、司机、教师、艺术家等;计划40岁生日前找到40位同年同月同日生的人;打算根据此经历写一本书提纲类书面表达主要特点是:要点明确,范围具体,贴近生活,易于动笔。此类试题中有较多的文字说明,实际上规定了考生表述的思路,对考生的写作范围作了较为明确的限定,试题中规定的要点一个也不能回避。考生极易受中文提纲的制约,将书面表达变成了翻译,造成语法结构和语汇上的单调,因此平时要多练习,活用语言,使文章流畅。【一句多译】借助当地媒体寻找;迄今找到32名,其中男性17名,女性15名,来自13个国家;职业包括政府官员、运动员、司机、教师、艺术家等;(1)With the help of the local media, he has already found 32 time twins from 13 countries, of whom there are 17 males and 15 females. Their positions include government officials, athletes, drivers, teachers, artists and so on.(2)With the help of the local media, he has already found 32 time twins from 13 countries, of whom there are 17 males and 15 females, including government officials, athletes, drivers, teachers, artists and so on.【参考范文】Richard Avis, a British, was born on December 1st, 1974. In order to understand the meaning of successful life in different cultures, Richard, from 2011, began to seek time twins around the world. With the help of the local media, he has already found 32 time twins from 13 countries, of whom there are 17 males and 15 females. Their positions include government officials, athletes, drivers, teachers, artists and so on. Richard intends to find 40 time twins before his birthday and he is going to write a book based on this experience.- 配套讲稿:
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