外文翻译--VB和发动机特性曲线图【中英文文献译文】
外文翻译-VB和发动机特性曲线图【中英文文献译文】,中英文文献译文,外文,翻译,vb,以及,发动机,特性,曲线图,中英文,文献,译文
本科生毕业设计 (论文)外 文 翻 译原 文 标 题Visual Basic and the Engine Performance Curve译 文 标 题VB和发动机特性曲线图作者所在系别机电工程学院作者所在专业车辆工程作者所在班级B13142作 者 姓 名杨阳作 者 学 号201322383指导教师姓名焦运景指导教师职称副高完 成 时 间2017年3月北华航天工业学院教务处制译文标题VB语言和发动机特性曲线原文标题Visual Basic and the Engine Performance Curve作 者Anonymity译 名佚名国 籍中国原文出处Magazine原文:发动机的速度特性曲线表示有效功率N(千瓦)、扭矩M(牛顿米)、比燃料消耗量g(克/千瓦小时)随发动机转速n而连续变化的表现。发动机的速度特性是在制动试验台架上测出的。保持发动机在一定节气门开度情况下,稳定转速,测取在这一工况下的功率、比耗油等,然后调整被测机载荷(扭距变化),使发动机转速改变,再测得另一转速下的功率、比耗油。按照一定转速间隔依次进行上述步骤。就能测出在不同转速下的数值,将这些数值点连点地组成连续曲线,就产生了功率曲线、扭矩曲线和比燃料消耗量曲线,它们与相应的转速区域对应。 当汽油机节气门完全开启(或者柴油机喷油泵在最大供油量时)的速度特性称为发动机的外特性,它表示发动机所能得到的最大动力性能。从外特性曲线上可以看到发动机所能输出的最大功率、最大扭矩以及它们相应的转速和燃料消耗量,汽车产品介绍书上大都采用发动机外特性曲线图,但一般只标出功率和扭矩曲线。 发动机外特性曲线是在发动机最好的工作状态下能使发动机发出最大功率的情况下测出来的。它表现的曲线特征是功率曲线和扭矩曲线都呈现凸形曲线,但两者表现是不一样的。在汽油发动机外特性曲线中 功率曲线在较低转速下数值很小,但随转速增加而迅速增长,但转速增加到一定区间后,功率增长速度变缓,直至最大值后就会下降,尽管此时转速仍会继续增长。扭矩曲线则与功率曲线相反,它往往在较低转速下就能获得最大值,然后随转速上升而下降。比耗油量指千瓦小时的耗油量,它随转速的增长而呈现一个凹形曲线,在中间某一转速下达到最小值,转速增大或者减少,都会使比耗油量增大。 柴油机外特性曲线表现与汽油机有所不同。它的功率N、扭矩M和比耗油量g随转速n而变化,但功率N曲线是随转违上升而上升,差不多到了最大转速(标定转速)仍未出现曲线的最高点。扭矩M曲线变化平缓,在不同转速位置变化量不大。比耗油量g曲线不但起点数值低,而且比较平坦(与汽油机比较)。发动机的负荷特性曲线是指发动机在速度不变的情况下,随着节气门开度的变化性能指标发生变化的曲线。汽油机的负荷调节方式为“量调节”,通过节气门开度的大小,调节进入气缸的混合气的量来控制负荷的大小。柴油机的负荷调节方式为“质调节”,在一定转速下通过调节向气缸内的喷射的燃油量来控制负荷的大小。由于负荷调节方式以及燃烧方式不同,汽油机和柴油机的负荷特性也有所不同。汽油机的指示热效率和柴油机指示热效率随负荷的变化规律相反。汽油机燃油消耗率随负荷变化曲线比柴油机要陡,汽油机经济性指标比柴油机差,柴油机的燃油消耗率随负荷变化又缓慢又低,所以柴油机的经济性比汽油机的经济性强。通过将发动机的各个参数绘制在一张图上形成发动机的万有特性曲线图,通过发动机万有特性曲线图可以看出在不同油耗下发动机运行的情况。绘制万有特性曲线的方法有负荷特性法和速度特性法。在绘制时,首先绘制不同转速下的负荷特性曲线组或者不同负荷下的速度特性曲线组,然后通过坐标转换,将负荷特性曲线组或者速度特性曲线组转换成等油耗的万有特性。在等油耗万有曲线图上等油耗线越向外,燃油消耗率越高,经济性越差。在水平方向上等间隔的油耗线稀疏,说明转速的变化对经济性影响较小,反之影响较大。同理垂直方向上转速的等油耗线的疏密程度表明了发动机的经济性对负荷变化的适应性。如果垂直方向上曲线分布密集,表明经济性对负荷变化较为敏感。Visual Basic是一种由微软公司开发的包含协助开发环境的事件驱动编程语言。它源自于BASIC编程语言。VB拥有图形用户界面(GUI)和快速应用程序开发(RAD)系统,可以轻易的使用DAO、RDO、ADO连接数据库,或者轻松的创建ActiveX控件。程序员可以轻松使用VB提供的组件快速建立一个应用序。Visual Basic是一种可视化的编程语言,利用这种可视化技术进行编程,能使编程工作变得轻松快捷,摆脱了面向过程语言的许多细节,而是将主要精力集中在解决实际问题和设计友好界面上。因此Visual Basic在国内外各个领域的应用非常广泛,许多计算机专业和非计算机专业的人员常用它来编制开发应用程序和软件。其应用程序的开发以对象为基础,并运用事件驱动机制实现对Windows操作系统的事件响应。Visual Basic提供了大量的控件,可用于设计界面和实现各种功能,用户可以通过拖放操作完成界面设计,不仅大大减轻了工作量、简化了界面设计过程,而且有效的提高了应用程序的运行效率和可靠性。译文:Visual Basic and the Engine Performance Curve Said the engine speed characteristic curve of effective power N (kw), torque M than fuel consumption (Newton meters), g (g/KWH) with engine speed N and continuous change. The engine speed characteristic is in the brake test bed frame to measure. Keep the engine at a certain throttle opening cases, steady speed, measured under the conditions of power, ratio of fuel, etc., and then adjust the machine under test load (torque) change, make the engine speed changes, measured another speed under power, than the money. According to certain speed intervals in order to the above steps. Values can be measured under different rotational speed, will these values even points to form a continuous curve, produce the power curve, torque curve and specific fuel consumption curves, corresponding to them with the corresponding rotational speed region.When gasoline engine throttle fully open (or diesel fuel injection pump in the largest oil) when the speed of the features, known as the external characteristic of engine, which represents the engine can get the biggest dynamic performance. Can see from the external characteristic curve can output the maximum power, maximum torque of engine speed and fuel consumption as well as their corresponding, automotive products of the book most used outside the engine characteristic curves, but usually only mark the power and torque curve.Outside the engine characteristic curve is the best work condition in engine can make the engine maximum power measured in case. Its performance curve is characterized by: the power curve and the torque curve are convex curve, but the performance is not the same. In gasoline engine external characteristic curve, power curve under low speed value is very small, but growing fast, with the increase of rotational speed but after speed increase to a certain range, power growth slowing down, until after the maximum will fall, even as speed will continue to grow.Torque curve, in contrast to the power curve, it often can get the maximum value under low speed, then with the speed up and down.Than fuel consumption refers to the fuel consumption of kilowatt hour, it increases with the increase of rotational speed to present a concave curve, under a certain speed, the lowest in the middle speed increase or decrease, can make than fuel consumption increase.Diesel engine external characteristic curve expression and gasoline engine is different. Its power N, torque M varies with engine speed and fuel consumption g N, but power is turn over violations has N curve, almost to maximum RPM speed (calibration) still does not appear the highest point of the curve. Torque M curve flat, little variation in different speed position. Than fuel consumption curve of g not only numerical low starting point, and relatively flat (compared with gasoline engine).The load characteristic curve of engine is refers to the engine under the condition of the velocity is constant, with the change of throttle opening performance index change curve.Gasoline engine load regulating mode to adjust, through the size of the throttle opening, regulate the amount of the mixture into the cylinder to control the size of the load.Diesel engine load adjusting the way as the regulation, under a certain speed by adjusting the amount of jet fuel into the cylinder to control the size of the load.Due to the way of load adjusting and combustion in a different way, there is also a different load characteristics of the gasoline engine and diesel engine.Indicated thermal efficiency of gasoline engine and diesel engine indicated thermal efficiency changing with the load.Gasoline engine fuel consumption rate changing with load curve is steeper than diesel engine, gasoline engine fuel economy poor than diesel engine, the engines fuel consumption changing with load was slow and low, so the economy better than gasoline engine of economy of diesel engine.Through will be formed on all parameters of the engine map on a piece of the universal characteristics of engine, through the engine universal characteristics can be seen in different fuel consumption of the engine running.The method of drawing a characteristic curve has the load characteristic method and the velocity characteristic method. Under different rotational speed in the drawing, the first drawing load characteristic curve of the group or the speed characteristic curve under different load, and then through the coordinate transformation, the load characteristic curve of group or speed characteristic curve into a universal characteristics of the fuel consumption, etc. The higher the fuel consumption rate, the worse the economy, the higher the fuel consumption rate, the higher the oil consumption line is. In the horizontal direction, the oil consumption lines are sparse, indicating that the change in speed is less economical and less influential. The degree of density of oil lines in the same vertical direction indicates the adaptability of the engines economy to load change. If the curve is dense in the vertical direction, it shows that the economy is more sensitive to change in load.Visual Basic is a developed by Microsoft to assist the development environment of event-driven programming language. It is derived from the BASIC programming language. VB has the graphical user interface (GUI) and rapid application development (RAD) system, can easily use the DAO, RDO, ADO connect to the database, or easily create ActiveX controls. Programmers can easily use VB components quickly built an application sequence.Visual Basic is a Visual programming language, the use of this kind of visualization technology for programming, makes programming easy and quick, get rid of many of the details of the process oriented language, but will mainly focus on the solution actual problem and design a friendly interface. So the Visual Basic application in various fields at home and abroad is very broad, many computer professional and non-computer professional researchers often use it to prepare applications and software development. Its application development based on the object, and using event-driven mechanism realization of incident response for the Windows operating system. Visual Basic provides a large number of controls that can be used for interface design and implementation of various functions, users can be done through drag-and-drop interface design, not only greatly reduce the workload and simplify the interface design process, and effectively improve the operation efficiency and reliability of the application.指 导 教 师 评 语 外文翻译成绩:指导教师签字: 年 月 日注:1. 指导教师对译文进行评阅时应注意以下几个方面:翻译的外文文献与毕业设计(论文)的主题是否高度相关,并作为外文参考文献列入毕业设计(论文)的参考文献;翻译的外文文献字数是否达到规定数量(3 000字以上);译文语言是否准确、通顺、具有参考价值。2. 外文原文应以附件的方式置于译文之后。5
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