2019-2020年高中英语必修8Module1DeepSouth-Section3WordsandExpressions.doc
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2019-2020年高中英语必修8Module1DeepSouth-Section3WordsandExpressionsstate n. a condition or way of being that exists at a particular time, 状况,状态,情况The building was in a state of disrepair.She was found wandering in a confused state (of mind).Give me the keys youre in no fit state to drive.After the accident I was in a state of shock.I came home to an unhappy state of affairs (= situation).The kitchen was in its original state, with a 1920s sink and stove.Everything was in a state of disorder.一切都处于紊乱状态。The building is in a bad state.那幢建筑物情况很糟。He was in a poor state of health.他的健康情况不佳。promote vt. 促进;使晋升为;促销A meeting to promote trade between China and the US was held.促进中美之间贸易的会议召开了。The instructor was promoted to professor.那位讲师被升为教授。Do you have any idea how to promote the new product?你知道该如何推销新产品吗?clothing n. 衣服clothing 是衣服的统称,如spring clothing /summer clothing. 它是不可数名词如果说一件衣服,应是an article of clothing. food, clothing and shelter 衣食住They were all in summer clothing. 他们都穿着夏天的衣服。clothes 是具体的衣服,是复数名词。包括coat, dress, trousers 等等。minimum n. 最低限度,最小量,最小reduce the loss to a minimum 把损失降低到最低限度take a minimum of five days 最低限度需要5天adj. 最低的,最少量的minimum wage 最低工资maximum adj. 最大限度的,最高的 maximum efforts 最大限度地努力the maximum temperature 最高气温n. 最大限度,最大量,最高点,极大You can borrow a maximum of ten books from the library.你最多可以向图书馆借10本书。The confusion was at its maximum. 混乱到了极点。modest adj. 适中的;不很昂贵的;谦虚的a modest price 合适的价格Its not good to be too modest 过度的谦虚并不好。. Be modest about your achievements. 不要炫耀你自己的成就。discourage vt. 打消的念头,阻止;使气馁,使沮丧His parents discourage him from being a singer. 他父母阻止他当明星。We discouraged his attempt to go to the mountain. 我们劝他打消爬山的念头。Dont let one failure discourage you, try again. 不要因失败而气馁,再试试看。I was discouraged at the news. 听到那消息时我感到很沮丧。test n. 试验;考试 a nuclear test 核试验We took an IQ test.我们接受了智力测验。They all passed the test in physics.他们都通过了物理考试。vt. 实验,测试,检查,分析They tested the new sports car. 他们测试那部新跑车。Id better have my eye tested. 我该去检查视力了。balance vt.,vi. 平衡,使平衡; 权衡 He can balance a ball on his finger. 他能把球稳放在手指上。Be sure to balance the expenditure with the ine. 务必要使收支平衡。Demand and supply balanced. 供需平衡。Balance the advantages against the disadvantages. 权衡得失。n. 平衡,均衡;天平,秤There is a nice balance between work and play in his life.他把生活中的工作和游戏控制得很平衡。Break the balance of power. 打破势力的均衡。pure adj. 干净的,不含杂质的;纯粹的,道地的;纯洁的,无邪的pure water 纯净水pure gold 纯金pure English 纯正英语a pure heart 纯洁的心absence n. 不在,缺席;缺少,缺乏Behave yourself during my absence. 我不在时要规矩点。Absence of rain caused the plants to die. 因缺少雨水导致植物枯死。absent adj. 不在的,缺席的;茫然的She was absent from school with a cold. 她因感冒而没去上学。He had an absent look on his face. 他脸上带着茫然若失的神情。Expressions:1. adapt to 使适应,适应He adapted himself to new conditions. 他使自己适应新的情况 。The old men are slow to adapt to change. 老年人适应变化迟缓。2. in case of 假使,如果发生,以防In case of fire, ring the alarm bell. 如遇火灾,即按警铃。in case 假使,免得,以防In case he es, let me know. 如果他来的话,请告诉我一声。Please remind me of it again tomorrow in case I forget. 请你明天再提醒我一下,免得我忘了。3. set foot on 踏上,进入,涉足Nobody has ever set foot on the lonely island. 从来没人踏上过那座孤岛。He is excited to set foot on Chinese soil. 踏上中国领土,他非常激动。4. in the form of以形式The man made a suggestion in the form of q question.这个人以问题的形式提了个建议。5. on average (on the /an average) 作为平均数,一般地,通常On average, there are 1,000 visitors a day. 平均每天有名来访者。On average, he goes twice a week. 他一般每周去一次。6. stand out出色,突出,显眼The tall boy stands out in the crowd. 高个子男孩在人群中很引人注目。The red flowers stand out against the white snow.在白雪的映衬下,这些红花分外醒目。7. in particular 特别,尤其He stressed that point in particular. 他特别强调那一点。All the new ers and Peter in particular are supposed to attend the meeting.所有新来的人员,特别是Peter,都要参加会议。8. aim to do something目标是,目的在于My sister aims to bee a famous artist. 我姐姐立志当个画家。9. e into sight看得见,进入视野Well fire as the enemy e into sight. 敌人一进入视野,我们就开火。10e up with追上,提出With the help of his teacher, he soon came up with the others.在老师的帮助下,他很快赶上其他同学.He came up with a proposal. 他提出一个建议。11.break up打碎,破碎; (关系)毁坏,(与人)分手 The ship broke up on the rock. 船在岩石上撞破了。 What broke up their friendship? 是什么破坏了他们的友情呢?12. take a risk冒险You have to take a lot of risks if you want to succeed in business.如果想在生意上取得成功,就得冒很多风险。13. in detailTo make us understand the project better, he explained it to us in detail.为了使我们更好地理解这一方案,他向我们进行了详尽的解释。经典时文背诵There are many reasons for the difference in ice cover between the Arctic and Antarctica.The land area of Antarctica happens to be at the pole and is surrounded by water, whereas there is little land area in the Arctic (it is mostly water covered).The land cover of Antarctica can more easily accumulate snow (and therefore ice) since, once the soil is frozen, snow can readily accumulate. The Arctic, being sea water (salty) requires a lower temperature than the freezing temperature of pure water, and therefore more time, to freeze than would the land surface of Antarctica.The geography and meteorology of the northern and southern hemispheres are also quite different, because there is more land mass in the northern hemisphere. The more land, the more heat energy is stored and therefore the longer it takes to cool the hemisphere in the winter. Because of the salt water in the Arctic and the greater amount of land mass in the northern hemisphere, the Arctic would therefore not cool as rapidly (or as much) as Antarctica and therefore could not develop as much ice.Furthermore, being a land mass, Antarctica can accumulate glaciers, whereas the Arctic can not.The meteorology of the southern hemisphere is less dynamic than the northern hemisphere because of there being less land mass in temperate areas (where most of the dynamic weather occurs in the northern hemisphere). Therefore, Antarctica gets locked into very long term circulations around the pole, which doesnt allow warmer air to penetrate in the wintertime, helping to keep it cooler there than in the Arctic, and thereby allowing more ice to accumulate.Because of all of the above, over all, it is colder in Antarctica than it is in the Arctic.- 配套讲稿:
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