Module 2《Fantasy Literature—Philip Pullman》introduction,reading and voca同步素材2(外研版选修6)
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111Module 2 Fantasy LiteraturePhilip PullmanPart Two: Teaching Resources第二部分:教学资源Section 3: Words and Expressions from Module 2 Fantasy LiteraturePhilip Pullmanheroine noun 1 a girl or woman who is admired by many for doing sth brave or good: the heroines of the revolution 2 the main female character in a story, novel, film/movie, etc.: The heroine is played by Demi Moore. Shakespeares heroines 3 a woman that you admire because of a particular quality or skill that she has: Madonna was her teenage heroine.hero noun (pl. -oes) 1 a person, especially a man, who is admired by many people for doing sth brave or good: a war hero (= sb who was very brave during a war) The Olympic team were given a heros welcome on their return home. one of the countrys national heroes 2 the main male character in a story, novel, film/movie etc.: The hero of the novel is a ten-year old boy. 3 a person, especially a man, that you admire because of a particular quality or skill that they have: my childhood herodirection noun WHERE TO1 C, U the general position a person or thing moves or points towards: Tom went off in the direction of home. She glanced in his direction. The aircraft was flying in a northerly direction. The road was blocked in both directions. They hit a truck coming in the opposite direction. Has the wind changed direction? When the police arrived, the crowd scattered in all directions. I lost all sense of direction (= I didnt know which way to go).DEVELOPMENT2 C, U the general way in which a person or thing develops: The exhibition provides evidence of several new directions in her work. I am very unhappy with the direction the club is taking. Its only a small improvement, but at least its a step in the right direction.WHERE FROM3 C the general position a person or thing comes or develops from: Support came from an unexpected direction. Let us approach the subject from a different direction.PURPOSE4 U a purpose; an aim: We are looking for somebody with a clear sense of direction. Once again her life felt lacking in direction.INSTRUCTIONS5 C, usually pl. instructions about how to do sth, where to go, etc.: Lets stop and ask for directions. Simple directions for assembling the model are printed on the box.CONTROL6 U the art of managing or guiding sb/sth: All work was produced by the students under the direction of John Williams. She was entrusted with the direction of the project.FILM / MOVIE7 U the instructions given by sb directing a film/movie: There is some clever direction and the film is very well shot.vanish verb v 1 to disappear suddenly and/or in a way that you cannot explain: He turned around and vanished into the house. The magician vanished in a puff of smoke. My glasses seem to have vanished. He vanished without trace. 2 to stop existing: the vanishing woodlands of Europe All hopes of a peaceful settlement had now vanished. All thoughts of leaving vanished from his mind.comfortable adj. CLOTHES / FURNITURE1 (of clothes, furniture, etc.) making you feel physically relaxed; pleasant to wear, sit on, etc.: Its such a comfortable bed. These new shoes are not very comfortable. a warm comfortable house Let me slip into something more comfortable (= change into more comfortable clothing). PHYSICALLY RELAXED2 feeling pleasantly physically relaxed; warm enough, without pain, etc.: Are you comfortable? She shifted into a more comfortable position on the chair. Please make yourself comfortable while I get some coffee. The patient is comfortable (= not in pain) after his operation. CONFIDENT3 confident and not worried or afraid: Hes more comfortable with computers than with people. I never feel very comfortable in her presence. HAVING MONEY4 having enough money to buy what you want without worrying about the cost: Theyre not millionaires, but theyre certainly very comfortable. He makes a comfortable living. They come from comfortable middle-class families. VICTORY5 quite large; allowing you to win easily: The party won with a comfortable majority. a comfortable 2-0 winpat verb (-tt-)to touch sb/sth gently several times with your hand flat, especially as a sign of affection: vn She patted the dog on the head. He patted his sisters hand consolingly. vn-adj Pat your face dry with a soft towel. pat sb / yourself on the back to praise sb or yourself for doing sth wellnoun1 a gentle friendly touch with your open hand or with a flat object: a pat on the head He gave her knee an affectionate pat. 2 of butter a small, soft, flat lump of butter: baked potatoes with a pat of butter and a sprinkle of paprika a pat on the back (for sth / for doing sth) praise or approval for sth that you have done well: He deserves a pat on the back for all his hard work. Give yourself a pat on the back!adj.(usually disapproving) (of an answer, a comment, etc.) too quick, easy or simple; not seeming natural or realistic: The ending of the novel is a little too pat to be convincing. There are no pat answers to these questions.adv. have / know sth off pat (BrE) (NAmE have / know sth down pat) to know sth perfectly so that you can repeat it at any time without having to think about it: He had all the answers off pat. invisible adj. 1 (to sb/sth) that cannot be seen: stars invisible to the naked eye a wizard who could make himself invisible She felt invisible in the crowd. 2 (economics) connected with a service that a country provides, such as banks or tourism, rather than goods: invisible earningsblink verb1 when you blink or blink your eyes or your eyes blink, you shut and open your eyes quickly: v He blinked in the bright sunlight. Lucy blinked at him in astonishment. Ill be back before you can blink (= very quickly). When I told him the news he didnt even blink (= showed no surprise at all). also vn 2 v to shine with an unsteady light; to flash on and off: Suddenly a warning light blinked. blink sth away / back to try to control tears or clear your eyes by blinking: She bravely blinked back her tears.edge noun1 C the outside limit of an object, a surface or an area; the part furthest from the centre: He stood on the edge of the cliff. a big house on / at the edge of town Dont put that glass so near the edge of the table. I sat down at the waters edge. Stand the coin on its edge. She tore the page out roughly, leaving a ragged edge in the book 2 C the sharp part of a blade, knife or sword that is used for cutting: Be carefulit has a sharp edge. , carving knife 3 (usually the edge) sing. the point at which sth, especially sth bad, may begin to happen: They had brought the country to the edge of disaster. 4 sing. (on / over sb/sth) a slight advantage over sb/sth: The company needs to improve its competitive edge. They have the edge on us. 5 sing. a strong, often exciting, quality: Her show now has a hard political edge to it. 6 sing. a sharp tone of voice, often showing anger: He did his best to remain calm, but there was a distinct edge to his voice. 7 -edged (in adjectives) having the type of edge or edges mentioned: a lace-edged handkerchief be on edge to be nervous, excited or bad-tempered on the edge of ones seat very excited and giving your full attention to sth: The game had the crowd on the edge of their seats. I was on the edge of my seat waiting to find out what happened next. take the edge off sth to make sth less strong, less bad, etc.: The sandwich took the edge off my appetite. I took an aspirin to take the edge off the pain. A squeeze of lemon takes the edge off the sweetness.square adj.SHAPE1 (geometry) having four straight equal sides and four angles of 90: a square room 2 forming an angle of 90 exactly or approximately: The book had rounded, not square, corners. square shoulders He had a firm, square jaw.MEASUREMENT3 used after a unit of measurement to say that sth measures the same amount on each of four sides: a carpet four metres square 4 (abbr. sq) used after a number to give a measurement of area: an area of 36 square metresBROAD / SOLID5 used to describe sth that is broad or that looks solid in shape: a man of square buildsee also four-squareLEVEL / PARALLEL6 not before noun (with sth) level with or parallel to sth: tables arranged square with the wallWITH MONEY7 (informal) if two people are square, neither of them owes money to the other: Heres the 10 I owe younow were square.IN SPORT8 (with sb) if two teams are square, they have the same number of points: The teams were all square at half-time.FAIR / HONEST9 fair or honest, especially in business matters: a square deal Are you being square with me?IN AGREEMENT10 with sth in agreement with sth: That isnt quite square with what you said yesterday.a square meal a good, satisfying meal: He looks as though he hasnt had a square meal for weeks. nounSHAPE1 C a shape with four straight sides of equal length and four angles of 90; a piece of sth that has this shape: First break the chocolate into squares. The floor was tiled in squares of grey and white marble. IN TOWN2 C an open area in a town, usually with four sides, surrounded by buildings: The hotel is just off the main square. the market / town / village square3 Square sing. (abbr. Sq.) (used in addresses): They live at 95 Russell Square.MATHEMATICS4 C the number obtained when you multiply a number by itself: The square of 7 is 49.back to square one a return to the situation you were in at the beginning of a project, task, etc., because you have made no real progress: If this suggestion isnt accepted, well be back to square one.verb vn SHAPE1 sth (off) to make sth have straight edges and corners: It was like trying to square a circle. That is, it was impossible. The boat is rounded at the front but squared off at the back.MATHEMATICS2 usually passive to multiply a number by itself: Three squared is written 32. Four squared equals 16.SHOULDERS3 if you square yourself, or square your shoulders, you make your back and shoulders straight to show you are ready or determined to do sth: Bruno squared himself to face the waiting journalists.IN SPORT4 (especially BrE) to make the number of points you have scored in a game or competition equal to those of your opponents: His goal squared the game 1-1.PAY MONEY5 (informal) to pay money to sb in order to get their help: They must have squared the mayor before they got their plan underway.square sth away usually passive (NAmE) to put sth in order; to finish sth completely square off (against sb) (NAmE) to fight or prepare to fight sb: The two candidates will square off on this issue in a debate tomorrow. square up (to sb/sth)1 to face a difficult situation and deal with it in a determined way2 to face sb as if you are going to fight them square up (with sb) to pay money that you owe: Can I leave you to square up with the waiter? square sth with sth| square with sth to make two ideas, facts or situations agree or combine well with each other; to agree or be consistent with another idea, fact or situation: The interests of farmers need to be squared with those of consumers. How can you square this with your conscience? Your theory does not square with the facts. What she was being asked to do did not square with her political beliefs. square sth with sb to ask permission or check with sb that they approve of what you want to do: I think Ill be able to come, but Ill square it with my parents first.adv. (only used after the verb) directly; not at an angle: I looked her square in the face. He hit me square on the jaw. shape noun1 C, U the form of the outer edges or surfaces of sth; an example of sth that has a particular form: a rectangular shape The pool was in the shape of a heart. The island was originally circular in shape. Squares, circles and triangles are types of shape. Candles come in all shapes and sizes. You can recognize the fish by the shape of their fins. This old T-shirt has completely lost its shape. (figurative) The government provides money in the shape of (= consisting of) grants and student loans. 2 C a person or thing that is difficult to see clearly: Ghostly shapes moved around in the dark. I could just make out a dark shape in the distance. 3 U the physical condition of sb/sth: What sort of shape was the car in after the accident? Hes in good shape for a man of his age. I like to keep in shape (= keep fit). Hes not in any shape (= not well enough) to be working. 4 U the particular qualities or characteristics of sth: Will new technology change the shape of broadcasting? Prices vary according to the size and shape of each project. get (yourself) into shape to take exercise, eat healthy food, etc. in order to become physically fit: Im trying to get into shape before summer. get / knock / lick sb into shape to train sb so that they do a particular job, task, etc. well: It took him just two weeks to knock the new recruits into shape. get / knock / lick sth into shape to make sth more acceptable, organized or successful: Ive got all the information together but it still needs knocking into shape. It shouldnt take long to get the company back into shape. give shape to sth (formal) to express or explain a particular idea, plan, etc.: Marie tried to find the right words to give shape to the confusion in her head. in any (way,) shape or form (informal) of any type: I dont approve of violence in any shape or form. out of shape1 not having the normal shape: The wheel had been twisted out of shape. 2 (of a person) not in good physical condition: I didnt realize how out of shape I was! the shape of things to come the way things are likely to develop in the future: Are solar-powered cars the shape of things to come? take shape to develop and become more complete or organized: The garden is beginning to take shape. A new song began to take shape in her mind.verb1 vn A (into B) to make sth into a particular shape: Shape the dough into a ball. This tool is used for shaping wood. 2 vn to have an important influence on the way that sb/sth develops: His ideas had been shaped by his experiences during the war. She had a leading role in shaping party policy. 3 v to inf to prepare to do sth, especially hit or kick sth: She was shaping to hit her second shot. shape up or ship out (NAmE, informal) used to tell sb that if they do not improve, work harder, etc. they will have to leave their job, position, etc.: He finally faced up to his drug problem when his band told him to shape up or ship out. shape up1 to develop in a particular way, especially in a good way: Our plans are shaping up nicely (= showing signs that they will be successful). 2 (informal) to improve your behaviour, work harder, etc.: If he doesnt shape up, hell soon be out of a job.doubt noun U, C (about sth)| (that . )| (as to sth) a feeling of being uncertain about sth or not believing sth: a feeling of doubt and uncertainty There is some doubt about the best way to do it. There is no doubt at all that we did the right thing. New evidence has cast doubt on the guilt of the man jailed for the crime. The article raised doubts about how effective the new drug really was. If you are in any doubt as to whether you should be doing these exercises, consult your doctor. She knew without a shadow of a doubt that he was lying to her. Whether he will continue to be successful in future is open to doubt. beyond (any) doubt in a way that shows that sth is completely certain: The research showed beyond doubt that smoking contributes to heart disease. (law) The prosecution was able to establish beyond reasonable doubt that the woman had been lying. be in doubt to be uncertain: The success of the system is not in doubt. have your doubts (about sth) to have reasons why you are not certain about whether sth is good or whether sth good will happen: Ive had my doubts about his work since he joined the firm. It may be all right. Personally, I have my doubts. if in doubt used to give advice to sb who cannot decide what to do: If in doubt, wear black. no doubt1 used when you are saying that sth is probable: No doubt shell call us when she gets there. 2 used when you are saying that sth is certainly true: Hes made some great movies. Theres no doubt about it. without / beyond doubt used when you are giving your opinion and emphasizing the point that you are making: This meeting has been, without doubt, one of the most useful we have had so far. verb1 to feel uncertain about sth; to feel that sth is not true, will probably not happen, etc.: There seems no reason to doubt her story. Do you think England will win?I doubt it. v (that) I never doubted (that) she would come. v wh- I doubt whether / if the new one will be any better. 2 vn to not trust sb/sth; to not believe sb: I had no reason to doubt him.alien adj.1 (to sb/sth) strange and frightening; different from what you are used to: an alien environment In a world that had suddenly become alien and dangerous, he was her only security. 2 (often disapproving) from another country or society; foreign: an alien culture alien influences that threatened their way of life 3 to sb/sth (disapproving) not usual or acceptable: The idea is alien to our religion. A referendum is alien to the partys concept of democracy. Cruelty was quite alien to him. 4 connected with creatures from another world: alien beings from outer spacenoun1 (NAmE also non-citizen) (law or technical) a person who is not a citizen of the country in which they live or work: an illegal alien 2 a creature from another world: aliens from outer spacebend / verb (bent, bent /bent/) 1 often +adv. / prep. (especially of sbs body or head) to lean, or make sth lean, in a particular direction: v He bent and kissed her. fields of poppies bending in the wind The doctor told me to avoid bending and stretching. His dark head bent over her. She bent forward to pick up the newspaper. Slowly bend from the waist and bring your head down to your knees. vn He bent his head and kissed her. She was bent over her desk writing a letter. 2 if you bend your arm, leg, etc. or if it bends, you move it so that it is no longer straight: vn Bend your knees, keeping your back straight. v Lie flat and let your knees bend. 3 vn to force sth that was straight into an angle or a curve: Mark the pipe where you want to bend it. The knives were bent out of shape. He bent the wire into the shape of a square. 4 to change direction to form a curve or an angle; to make sth change direction in this way: v The road bent sharply to the right. vn Glass and water both bend light. bend sbs ear (about sth) (informal) to talk to sb a lot about sth, especially about a problem that you have bend your mind / efforts to sth (formal) to think very hard about or put a lot of effort into one particular thing bend the truth to say sth that is not completely true: I wasnt exactly lying when I said I hadnt seen herI was just bending the truth a little. on bended knee(s) if you ask for sth on bended knee(s), you ask for it in a very anxious and/or humble way: Id go down on bended knee if I thought shed change her mind. bend sb to sth (formal) to force or persuade sb to do what you want or to accept your opinions: He manipulates people and tries to bend them to his will (= make them do what he wants). She managed to bend the committee to her opinion.noun1 C a curve or turn, especially in a road or river: a sharp bend in the road You took that bend very- 配套讲稿:
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