m3u2Reading语言点讲解.ppt
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,English,Reading,anditshistory,Languagepoints,1.throughouthistory在整个历史进程中2.Thatiswhy这就是为什么3.confusingrules令人困惑不解的规则4.bemadeupof由组成5.rulesandvocabulary规则和词汇,Paragraph1,ThatiswhyEnglishisalanguagewithsomanyconfusingrules.(p22)正因为如此,英语才成了一种具有许多令人困惑不解的规则的语言。1.问题是我们找不到合适的时间。Theproblemwasthatwecouldntfindasuitabletime.2.我们学校不再是以前的样子了。Ourschoolisnolongerwhatitusedtobe.3.这是鲁迅曾经生活过的地方。ThatiswhereLuXunoncelived.,Thetraditionalviewis_wesleepbecauseourbrainis“programmed”tomakeusdoso.A.whenB.whyC.whetherD.that,TheEnglishlanguageismadeupoftherulesandvocabularyeachgroupofpeoplebroughttoBritainwiththem.(p22),英语是由每个进入不列颠的人群所说语言中的规则和词汇构成的。,Eachclassinourschoolismadeupoffifty-fivestudents.,bemadeupof由组成(主动为makeup),Fifty-fivestudentsmakeupeachclassinourschool.,我们学校每个班由55名学生组成。,1.编造Makeupastory.2.补足,弥补我们需要五十元以弥补损失。Weneed$50tomakeuptheloss.3.化装她花了一个多小时才打扮好。Ittookhermorethananhourtomakeherselfup.,makeup,Someoneiscoming,butIcantmakeoutwhoitis.,Canyoumakethislengthofclothintoasuit?,Deskscanbemadeofwood.Wineismadefromrice.,由制成,弄懂,分辨,把制成,Itsthesortofworkthat_ahighlevelofconcentration.A.callsforB.makesupC.liesinD.standsfor,EverybodyinthevillagelikesJackbecauseheisgoodattellingand_jokesA.turningupB.puttingupC.makingupD.showingup,eachTheyeachhaveanEnglishdictionary.=EachofthemhasanEnglishdictionary.Thereremanytallbuildingsoneach/eithersideofthestreet.,注意,主谓语单复数的不同及原因,注意,不可用every,every用于三者或三者以上。,1.invade2.mixwith3.create4.Itiscertainthat5.consistof6.findithardtodecidewhichwords7.Thisisbecause,OldEnglish,侵入,侵略诺曼人于1066年入侵英国。TheNormansinvadedEnglandin1066.侵犯,侵扰侵犯某人的权利invadesbsrights拥入,大批进入这个城市涌来了一批游客。Thetownwasinvadedbyacrowdoftourists.(疾病等)侵袭这种疾病侵袭了他的身体。Thediseaseinvadedhisbody.invasionn.,invade,TheyeachhadtheirownlanguageandAnglo-Saxon(thebaseofOldEnglish)developedfrommixingtheselanguageswithCeltic.(p22)这三个日尔曼部落分别有自己的语言,作为古英语基础的盎格鲁-撒克逊语就是在这三种语言与凯尔特语相交汇的过程中发展起来的。使混和,搀和,混淆,搞混mixjoywithsorrow.Oildoesntmixwithwater.,mix.with.,喜悲交集,油和水不能混合。,mixup使弄不清;使混乱;混淆;,Hisexplanationjustmixedmeupmore.Ialwaysmixupthetwins.,我总是把这对双胞胎弄混。,他的解释令我更加糊涂了。,Itscertainthat肯定,一定(此处不可用sure)他明天肯定会来。Itscertainthathewillcometomorrow.Heissure/certaintocometomorrow.becertain/sureof/about对有把握在英语学习方面他对语法把握不大。Heisnotcertain/sureofgrammarinEnglishlearning.某一位,某个AcertainMr.Licalledonyouyesterday.,ThelanguageconsistedofanAnglo-SaxonbasepluswordsfromthelanguagesofDenmarkandNorway.它以盎格鲁-撒克逊语为基础,加上丹麦语和挪威语的词汇构成。,consistof/bemadeupof由构成;包含,这个研究小组由两名中国科学家和三名美国专家组成。TheresearchteamconsistsoftwoChinesescientistsandthreeAmericanexperts.联合王国包括大不列颠与北爱尔兰。TheUnitedKingdomconsistsofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland.,plus:加,加上(介词)addedtoTwoplusfiveisseven.,WhenwespeakEnglishtoday,wesometimesfindithardtodecidewhichwordsorphrasestouse.(p22)如今,我们在说英语时,有时发现很难确定到底该选哪些单词或词组。,it,1.Itisquitedifficulttofindonesfamilyhistory.2.Doyouconsideritnecessarytosendmorepeopletohelpthem?3.Itwasatmidnightthatheheardacryingsoftly.,Thechairmanthought_necessarytoinviteProfessorSmithtospeakatthemeeting.(2005全国)A.thatB.itC.thisD.himItwasntuntilnearlyamonthlater_Ireceivedthemanagersreply.(2005全国)A.sinceB.whenC.asD.that,ThedoctoradvisedVerastronglythatsheshouldtakeaholiday,but_didnthelp.(2005全国III)AitBsheCwhichDHeItwassometime_werealizedthetruth.(2005山东)A.whenB.untilC.sinceD.before,1.contributeto2.takecontrolof3.replace4.despite5.haveanimpacton6.resultin7.raise8.adopt,MiddleEnglish,ManyfactorscontributedtothedevelopmentofthisnewtypeofEnglish.,很多因素使得英语发展成这种新的类型。,Itwasbelievedthatsmokinghadcontributedtohisearlydeath.,人们相信是抽烟使他过早死亡。,contributeto,1)为造成某一结果而作出贡献;促成的因素:,锻炼能促成更强健的体魄。,Exercisecontributestobetterhealth.,caused,ManypeoplearewillingtocontributetheirmoneytoHopeProject.,2)捐(款);捐献;投稿contribute/donateto,HecontributedanarticletoChinaDaily.,许多人愿意把他们的钱捐赠给希望工程。,他为中国日报撰写了一篇文章。,contributionn.,makegreatcontributionsto,对作出巨大贡献,undercontrol在控制之下;outofcontrol失去控制losecontrolof失去控制TheEnglishconqueredthiscountryandtookcontrolofit.英国人征服了这个国家并掌控了它。Thefirelastedhalfanhourbeforeitwasundercontrol.大火持续了半小时才得到控制。Helostcontroloftheplane.他控制不了飞机了。,takecontrolof,1)代替(taketheplaceof)Electriclightshavereplacedcandles.电灯已经取代了蜡烛。2)放回原处报纸读完后请放回原处。Whenyouhavefinishedreadingthenewspaper,pleasereplaceit.,replace,despiteprep.=inspiteof不管,尽管,任凭尽管他病了,他还去上班。Hewenttoworkdespitehisillness.尽管他年事已高,他还在学驾驶。Despitetheadvancedyears,heislearningtodrive.虽然他花费了许多时间,但是他就是不擅长音乐。Heisnotgoodatmusicdespitethefactthathehasspentmuchtimeonit.,despite,Inspiteof,Despitesuchabigdifferencein_towardswhatoneeats,thereisnodoubtthatpeopleinthewestregardtheChinesefoodassomethingspecial.(2007湖北)A.pointB.ideaC.attitudeD.sight,haveanimpacton对有影响,他的思想对他后来的研究有很大影响。Hisideashadagreatimpactontheresearchafterwards.那一刻他的话对你有怎样的影响?Whatkindofimpactdidhiswordshaveonyouatthatmoment?,haveanimpacton,resultin=leadto/cause导致结果他的粗心致使比赛失败了。Hiscarelessnessresultedinthelossofthegame.resultfrom由于而产生;作为.的结果Sicknessoftenresultsfromeatingtoomuch.因为吃得太多而病了。asaresultof由于的结果asaresult结果由于下大雨,我们得呆在家里.Wehadtostayathomeasaresultoftheheavyrain.=Itrainedheavily.Asaresult,wehadtostayathome.,Asaresultoftheseriousflood,two-thirdsofthebuildingsinthearea.(2007陕西)A.needrepairingB.needstorepairC.needsrepairingD.needtorepair,Atthispoint,manyEnglishpeopleworkedasservantswhoraisedanimalsandcookedfortheNormans.在此期间,很多英国人沦为诺曼人的仆人,他们为诺曼人饲养牲畜,给他们做饭。raisev.饲养;养育Howdidyoumanagetoraisesuchabigfamilyonsuchsmallincome?你是如何设法用这么少的收入养活这么一个大家庭的。,raise,Raiseyourrighthandifyoucananswermyquestion.Inordertomakeeveryonehearhimclearly,heraisedhisvoice.Theyaregoingtoraisemoneyfortheschoolbuildings.,atthis/thatpoint在这时/那时,举起,提高,筹集,就在那时我认出他来了。,Atthatpoint,Irecognizedhim.,Translations,Bythelatterhalfofthe14thcentury,EnglishwasadoptedbyallclassesinEngland.(p23)到14世纪后半叶,英国各阶层都使用了英语。vt.采用;采纳;吸收校长决定采纳她的建议。Theheadmasterdecidedtoadopthersuggestions.他采用了我们的教学方法。Headoptedourmethodsofteaching.过继,收养许多美国家庭收养孩子。ManyAmericanfamiliesadoptchildren.,adopt,Studentsarenotallowedtotalkinclass.Ourclassismadeupof54students.MostpeopleinJapanthinktheybelongtothemiddleclass.Shebelongedtothatclassofpeople,whoonlythinkofthemselves.Theschoolisveryfamous,infact,Ithinkitisamongthefirst-classschools.,Englishwasadoptedbyallclasses.,1.undergo2.style风格3.dialect方言4.process进程,过程5.dependon,ModernEnglish,Pronunciationalsounderwenthugechangesduringthisperiod.(p23)在此期间,英语发音也经历了巨大变化。undergo-underwent-undergonevt.(1)经历;经受;忍受在取得成功之前你可能得忍受失望和失败之苦。Youmayhavetoundergodisappointmentandfailurebeforeachievingsuccess.(2)接受(治疗,检查等)所有新来的都要接受体检。Allthefreshmenwillundergoamedicalexamination.,undergo,TherearemanydifferentdialectsofEnglishdependingonwherepeoplelive.(p25)依人们居住地的不同,方言有很多不同的种类。相信;信赖(+on/upon)你可以相信他。Youcandependonhim.Janeisapersontobedependedupon.依靠,依赖(+on/upon)好的身体要靠优质的食品,新鲜的空气和足够的睡眠。Healthdependsongoodfood,freshairandenoughsleep.,dependon,-Areyougoing?-Italldepends.=It/That/depends.Itdependsonwhetheryouwanttodoitornot.,(口语)看情况,依.而定;取决于(+on/upon)价格取决于质量。Thepricedependsonthequality.,Choosingtherightdictionarydependson_youwanttouseitfor.(2007江苏)A.whatB.whyC.howD.whether,CouldIuseyourcomputerforafewmoments,please?.Imnotusingitmyself.(2007陕西)A.ComeonB.ItdependsC.GoaheadD.Thatsgreat,1.这就是为何英语是一种有许多令人困惑不解的规则的语言。2.英语是由每个进入不列颠的人群所说语言中的规则和词汇构成的。,ThatswhyEnglishisalanguagewithsomanyconfusingrules.,TheEnglishlanguageismadeupoftherulesandvocabularyeachgroupofpeoplebroughttoBritainwiththem.,3.他们分别有自己的语言,盎格鲁-撒克逊就是在这三种语言与凯尔特语相交汇的过程中发展起来的。,TheyeachhadtheirownlanguageandAnglo-SaxondevelopedfrommixingtheselanguageswithCeltic.,4.他们所创造的语言就是我们今天所称的古英语。,ThelanguagetheycreatediswhatwenowcallOldEnglish.,5.事实上如果我们现在听了古英语也肯定听不懂了。6.这是因为英语中有许多对单词和词组有相近的意思。,Infactitiscertainthatwewouldnotbeabletounderstanditifweheardittoday.,ThisisbecausemanypairsofwordsandphraseshavesimilarmeaningsinEnglish.,7.很多因素使得英语发展成这种新的类型。8.早期的侵略后,凯尔特语被替换成英语。9.法语却没有取代英语而成为英国的第一语言。,ManyfactorscontributedtothedevelopmentofthisnewtypeofEnglish.,Aftertheearlierinvasion,CeltichadbeenreplacedwithEnglish.,FrenchdidnotreplaceEnglishasthefirstlanguage.,10.尽管这一事实,法语还是对英语产生了巨大的影响。,Despitethisfact,FrenchstillhadanimpactontheEnglishlanguage.,11.在这期间,许多英语人成为诺曼人的仆人,为他们饲养牲畜,给诺曼人做饭。,Atthispoint,manyEnglishpeopleworkedasservantswhoraisedanimalsandcookedfortheNormans.,12.在诺曼人控制之后,单词变复数又被法语中单词变复数的方法所取代。13.到14世纪后半叶,英国各阶层都使用了英语。,AftertheNormanstookcontrolthiswasreplacedbytheFrenchwayofmakingplurals.,Bythelatterhalfofthe14thcentury,EnglishwasadoptedbyallclassesinEngland.,14.由于这个原因,近代英语包括了许多拉丁词汇和希腊词汇。15.在此期间,英语发音也经历了巨大变化。16.英语在未来是不是还要继续变化这个问题其实很容易回答。,Becauseofthis,ModernEnglishincludesmanyLatinandGreekwords.,Pronunciationalsounderwenthugechangesduringthisperiod.,ThequestionofwhetherEnglishwillcontinuechanginginthefutureiseasytoanswer.,17.一个人来自什么地方也会影响到其说话风格。18.可以肯定的是,这样的变化过程还会持续,人们还会不断发明新的词汇和新的表达法。,Whereapersoncomesfromwillaffecttheirstyleofspeech.,Itiscertainthatthisprocesswillcontinue,andpeoplewillkeepinventingnewwordsandnewwaysofsayingthings.,Goodbye!,- 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