【机械类毕业论文中英文对照文献翻译】桥式起重机模块化综述
【机械类毕业论文中英文对照文献翻译】桥式起重机模块化综述,机械类毕业论文中英文对照文献翻译,机械类,毕业论文,中英文,对照,对比,比照,文献,翻译,桥式起重机,模块化,综述
附录一 英文文献桥式起重机模块化综述随着经济发展的全球化、市场竞争的日益激烈,许多国的制造业面临着巨大的挑战,制造企业必须提高复杂产品及设备的创新能力和快速响应市场的能力,才能在全球竞争的范围内立于不败之地。本文将以功能分析为基础,综述模块化设计理论的方法.1模块化设计研究现状1.1模块化设计的概念 模块化设计的设计理念是在生产部门希望快速响应市场,同时降低产品开发成本,缩短设计周期的要求下提出的。其基本思想是以有限的模块组成多样的产品,达到既要满足用户对产品的个性需求,又保证批量生产从而降低成本的目的。模块化是一种思想,也是产品设计和制造的技术。目前,对模块化还没有一个统一的定义,许多学者根据各自的研究,从不同的角度对其进行了表述: 有人认为:模块化设计是综合考虑系统对象,把系统按功能分解成不同用途和性能的模块,并使之接口标准化,选择不同的模块(必要时设计部分专用模块)以迅速组成各种要求的系统的一种方法。有人认为:模块化设计是在对一定范围内的不同功能或相同功能不同性能、不同规格的产品进行功能分析的基础上,划分并设计出一系列功能模块,通过模块的选择和组合可以构成不同的产品,以满足市场不同需求的设计方法. 有人认为,模块是一组同时具有相同功能和相同结合要素,而具有不同性能或用途甚至不同结构特征,但能互换的单元,模块化设计是基于模块的思想,将一般产品设计任务设计成模块化产品方案的设计方法。它包括两方面内容:一是根据新设计要求进行功能分析,合理创建出一组模块 即模块创建;二是根据设计要求将一组存在的特定模块合理组合成模块化产品方案 即模块综合。它有两种设计形式:一是基型设计,另一是变型设计。基型设计明显包含上述两方面内容,而变型设计一般只包含第二方面内容,但当互换模块不存在时,也须包含第一方面的内容。70 年代末,日本学者提出机床模块化就是“把具有一定用途和功能的部件结构标准化,使其互相便于组合和拆开。选择所需要的部件进行组装,即可构成一台能发挥全部功能的机床或系统。”中国一机部机床设计工作研究班把机床模块化设计定义为:将机床上同一功能的单元,设计成具有不同用途或性能的、可以互换选用的模块,用以更好的满足用户需要的一种设计方法。认为模块化是标准化的高级形式,是一种思维的工具。一般认为,截止目前为止,对模块化这个概念还没有形成统一的定义随着研究的进一步发展,人们对其本质的认识还将进一步深化。2模块化设计的研究内容 2.1 模块化设计实施方法的研究要搞好模块化设计,应开展五个方面的工作;市场调查、技术预测、品种规划、科研先行、功能分析,并探讨了模块化设计的具体实施中需要注意的一些问题。模块化设计要依次按三个层次进行,即模块化产品系统的设计(系统分析阶段);模块系统设计(详细设计阶段);模块化产品设计(系统应用阶段):模块选择、模块综合。随着计算机技术的发展,越来越多的人开始研究计算机辅助下的模块化设计。2.2 模 块 划分方法的研究 模块划分是模块化设计的前提和基础。模块划分是否合理,直接影响模块化系统的功能、性能和成本。综合当前模块划分的研究,大致有以下途径。(1) 系统化的途径。(2) 综合考虑全生命周期中模块化影响的模块划分。首先确定全生命周期中模块化的影响因素,建立模块识别矩阵在该矩阵中,确定各功能载体对各因素的影响程度,据此对各功能载体进行聚类。(3) 基 于 相关程度的划分。通过分析组成产品的各零部件(功能)之间在材料、能量、信息、空间等各方面的相互作用程度,确定模块的划分.(4) 技 术与 经济因素相结合的模块划分。(5) 其它用于模块划分的工具。3.模块化设计的技术经济意义模块 化 设 计在技术上和经济上都具有明显的优点,经理论分析和实践证明,其意义1.节约设计时间,缩短供货周期:采用模块化设计方法,企业产品系列中己有很多通用模块,在用户提出要求后,可用已有模块或设计制造少量专用模块便可组成用户所要求的产品。如德国SCHIESS公司,其机床产品采用模块化设计后,从订货到供货一般只需四个月时间。2.便于产品更新换代,发展变型产品:根据用户需要,设计新的功能模块,组合成具有新功能的模块系统.用新技术设计性能好的模块,取代原有功能模块,发展性能好的变型产品。3,提高产品质量,降低生产成本:模块精心设计,批量加工,有利于组织专业化生产,既提高质量又降低成本。模块化不仅是设计方法的改革,而且是推动整个工厂技术、生产、管理及组织体制的改革。4便于维修:由于产品由相对独立的模块组成,因此,很便于维修,必要时可更换模块,而不致影响生产。5便于实现标准化功能模块:传统的标准化建立在零件级基础上,而模块化则是根据产品的不同建立在模块级上的标准化,是一种趋向于宏观的标准化。4模块化设计理论在起重机行业中的应用 模块化设计是起重机设计的发展方向之一。它根据模块化原则,设计一些基本模块单元,通过不同的组合形成不同的产品,以满足用户的多种需求。起重机模块化设计以功能分析为基础,将起重机上同功能的基本单元、复合单元设计成不同用途、不同功能的模块。选用不同模块进行组合可形成各种不同类型和规格的通用和专用起重机。起重机采用模块化设计,不仅是一种设计方法的改革,同时会影响到整个起重机行业的技术、生产和管理。目前 .德 国、英国、法国、美国和日本的著名起重机公司都己采用模块化设计技术,并取得了显著的效益。据资料介绍26,德国的德马格(DEMAG)公司所设计和制造的单梁吊车改为模块化设计后,其设计费用仅为单件设计时的12%,生产成本降为45%显著提高了经济效益和产品的竞争力。芬兰的拷尼(KONE)公司采用模块化技术开发了SM600-SM110。系列桥式起重机,并编制了相应的管理软件。通过该软件的应用,设计人员可以在很短的时间内设计出满足客户需求的产品。同时,该系列的开发也大大降低了生产制造和售后服务成本。如该公司在上海的子公司仅用30人就完成了年产了的台系列起重机的生产制造任务。Summary modular bridge craneWith the economic development of globalization, the increasingly fierce market competition, Many of the countrys manufacturing industry is facing significant challenges, manufacturers must increase the complexity of product and equipment innovation and the ability to respond quickly to market to global competition in the framework of an invincible position. In this paper, functional analysis will be based on overview of the theory of modular design method.1 Modular Design Research1.1 The concept of modular design Modular design is the design philosophy hope in the production sector to respond quickly to market while lowering product development costs. Shorten the design cycle of the request made. The basic idea of the modules is based on a limited variety of products, To reach users not only to meet the demand for the products personality, but also to ensure that production and thus reduce costs. Modular is an ideological as well as product design and manufacturing technology.At present, there is not a modular definition of uniform, and many scholars according to their research, from different angles of their statements: Some people think that: a modular system design is considered the object, according to the functions of the system broken down into different uses and performance of the module, and interface standardization, choose a different module (if necessary, the design of part of a dedicated module) to the requirements of the rapid component a method of the system. Some people think that: the modular design is in a range of different functions or different functions the same as the performance of the products with different specifications based on functional analysis, and design into a series of functional modules, through the choice and combination of modules can constitute different products to meet market demand for the design of different methods. Some people think that is a set of modules at the same time with the same combination of features and the same elements, but with different performance or use of different structural characteristics or even, but an exchange of units, modular design is based on the idea of modules, will provide product design tasks designed modular product design method. It includes two aspects: First, under the new design requirements Functional analysis, and reasonable to create a set of modules - that is, the creation module; two design requirements are based on the existence of a group of rational combination of specific modules into a modular product program - that is, an integrated module. There are two forms of its design: First, design-based, and the other is a variant design. Based design clearly contains the above-mentioned two aspects, and the variant design contains only the second general aspects, but there is no exchange of modules, it must be included in the first dimension. The end of the 70s, the Japanese scholars modular machine is the purpose and function of a certain structure standardized components to facilitate the combination and open with each other. Select the components required for assembly, can constitute a play all function machine or system. Ministry of China machine tool design course modular design of the machine tool is defined as: the machine The same function in bed unit, designed with different uses or properties, selection of interchangeable modules to better meet the needs of a design method. That modularity is the advanced form of standardization is a tool for thinking. Is generally believed that, as of now, the concept of modularity has not yet form a unified definition of the study along with further development, it is of its nature will further deepen the understanding.2 modular design of the study2.1 the implementation of modular design method Modular design to do a good job should be done in five areas of work; market research, technology forecasting, planning varieties, research first, functional analysis and modular design of the specific implementation of a number of issues requiring attention. Modular design to be followed by three levels , That is, modular product design (analysis phase); modular system design (detailed design stage); modular product design (application phase): module selection, module integrated. With the development of computer technology, more and more people began to study computer-assisted modular design.2.2 Method of module division Modular design module is divided into the premise and foundation. Module into the reasonableness of a direct impact on the function of modular systems, performance and cost. Module integrated into the current study, the following way. (1) a systematic way. (2) considering the entire life-cycle impact of the module in the modular division. First of all, the entire life cycle to determine the impact of modular factors, the establishment of the matrix to identify modules in the matrix to determine the vector of the function of the impact of various factors, which function on the cluster vector. (3) based on the relevance of the division. Products by analyzing the composition of the components (function) between the materials, energy, information, space and other aspects of the degree of interaction to determine the division of modules. (4) technical and economic factors into the combination of modules. (5) the division of other tools for the module.3. The modular design of the techno-economic significance Modular design of the technical and economic advantages are obvious, the theoretical analysis and practice has proved that the significance of 1. Saving design time and shorten the delivery cycle: the use of modular design methodology, enterprise product series has been a lot of common modules , upon request in the user can have a small number of modules or design and manufacture of specialized modules can be composed of the products required by users. SCHIESS companies such as Germany, the modular design of machine tool products from order to delivery only four months in general. 2. To facilitate product replacement, the development of variant products: According to user needs, the design of new functional modules, combined into a new modular system function. With a good performance of the new technical design modules to replace the function modules, the development of the performance of good change products. 3, improve product quality, reduce production costs: carefully designed modules, batch processing, and conducive to the organization of specialized production, both to improve quality and reduce costs. Modular design method is not only reform, but also promote the technology throughout the plant, production, management and organizational structure reform. 4 to facilitate maintenance: As the product by the relatively independent modules, it becomes very easy to repair, if necessary, replace the module, without affecting production. 5 to facilitate the standardization of functional modules: the standardization of traditional class based on the basis of parts, and modular products are based on the different modules based on the level of standardization, is a trend in the standardization of the macro.4 modular design theory in the crane industry Modular design is the crane, one of the design direction of development. In accordance with the principles of its modular design and include some basic modules, through different combinations to form different products to meet the diverse needs of users. Crane modular design based on functional analysis, the crane on the basic unit of the same functional compound unit designed for different purposes, different functions Module. Selection of different modules can be combined to form different types and specifications of the general and special cranes. Modular design of crane, the design is not only a method of reform, at the same time will affect the entire crane industry, technology, production and management. Present. Germany, Britain, France, the United States and Japan are already well-known crane modular design techniques, and achieved remarkable results. According to information on 26, Demag, Germany (DEMAG) the design and manufacture of the companys single-girder cranes replaced by modular design, its design cost only one-piece design, 12% of the cost of production dropped to 45% significant Improve the economic efficiency and competitiveness of their products. Nigeria beat Finland (KONE) technology company has developed a modular SM600-SM110. Series of bridge crane, and the preparation of the corresponding management software. Through the application of the software, designers can be in a very short period of time to design products to meet customer needs. At the same time, the development of the series is also greatly reduced the cost of manufacturing and after-sales service. If the companys subsidiary in Shanghai, only 30 completed the annual output of Taiwans series of crane manufacturing tasks.
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