高考英语一轮复习 阅读理解选编3(含解析)1
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广西浦北县2017高考英语阅读理解(一轮)选编(2016高考训练)阅读下列材料,从每题所给的选项中选出最佳选项。体裁:说明文话题:错误与成长词数:352时间:5We live in a culture that sends out very mixed messages about mistakes: Were told we learn by making them, but we work hard to avoid them.So the result is most of us know that we are going to make mistakes, but deep down, we feel we shouldnt.Experiments with schoolchildren who did well on a given test show that those who were praised for being smart and then offered a more challenging or less challenging task afterward usually chose the easier one.On the other hand, children praised for trying hardrather than being smartfar more often selected the more difficult task.If we try hard to avoid mistakes, we arent open to getting the information we need in order to do better.In a writing study, experiments showed that those who are so scared to make mistakes perform worse in writing tasks than those who arent as worried about being perfect.They fear receiving any kind of negative feedback, so they dont learn where they went wrong and how to get better.We dont just learn more when were open to mistakes, we learn deeper.Research tells us that if were only concerned about getting the right answer, we dont always learn the underlying concepts that help us truly understand whatever were trying to figure out.Mistakes need to be seen not as a failure to learn, but as a guide to what still needs to be learned.As Thomas Edison said, “I am not discouraged, because every abandoned wrong attempt is another step forward.”Furthermore, we often make mistakes because we try new thingswe wander away from accepted paths.Teflon, penicillinthese are examples of great discoveries made by mistake.Take a page from Albert Einstein, who said, “Anyone who has never made a mistake has never tried anything new.”【语篇解读】本文讲述了错误对于我们成长的积极作用,并列举了相关实验和例子,以及我们应该用积极的态度对待错误。1What will happen to students praised for being smart in face of choosing tasks compared to students praised for working hard?AHe will ask his teachers for advice.BHe will choose a less challenging task.CHe will work harder to avoid mistakes.DHe will hide his mistakes from his teachers.答案B细节理解题。从文中第二段第一句可知“对在测试中取得较好成绩的学生做实验,给他们一个较难的任务和一个较简单的任务,被表扬聪明的同学更倾向于选择简单的任务”。2If a person is always scared of making mistakes, he will _Alose confidence in everythingBdiscourage himself from improvingCsuffer from great pressure of successDfocus on getting positive information答案B推理判断题。从文中第三段第一句和最后一句可知“如果我们努力避免错误,我们就不会得到我们需要变好的信息这样的人害怕收到负面的回馈,所以他们不会学到他们哪里做错了以及如何提高”。所以说,如果一个人害怕犯错误,他就不能得到提高。3Which of the following statements is NOT acceptable according to the passage?ABeing open to mistakes help you understand the truth.BMistakes can be used as a positive factor for success.CThe more mistakes we make, the more we learn.DA step forward may come from mistakes youve made.答案C推理判断题。此选项过于绝对,文中说错误可以帮我们找到自身的不足然后加以提高这样才会学到东西,而不是犯越多的错,学的越多。4What does the last paragraph want to tell us?AOne must follow a correct path to avoid mistakes.BTo become an Einstein, you should make mistakes.CYou cant make mistakes unless you try new things.DMaking mistakes is not a disadvantage in a way.答案D主旨大意题。从最后一段可知,我们犯错误是因为我们努力尝试新的东西,所以从某种意义上说犯错误是有积极作用的。5Whats the main idea of the passage?AMistakes should be treated with a correct attitude.BSuccess cant be achieved without making mistakes.CTry every means to avoid mistakes in our daily life.DWe can never avoid making mistakes when we work.答案A主旨大意题。从文章大意可知本文讲述了错误对于我们成长的积极作用,以及我们应该用积极的态度对待错误。高考英语冲刺阅读理解。请认真阅读下列短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。The sun shone in through the dining room window, lighting up the hardwood floor. We had been talking there for nearly two hours. The phone of the“Nightline”rang yet again and Morrie asked his helperConnie,to get it. She had been taking down the callersnames in Morries small black appointment book. It was clear I was not the only one interested in visiting my old professorthe“Nightline”appearance had made him something of a big figurebut I was impressed with, perhaps even a bit envious of, all the friends that Morrie seemed to have. “You know, Mitch, now that Im dying, Ive become much more interesting to peopleIm on the last great journey hereand people want me to tell them what to pack” The phone rang again “Morrie,can you talk?”Connie asked. “Im visiting with my old friend now,”he announced“Let them call back” I cannot tell you why he received me so warmly. I was hardly the promising student who had left him sixteen years earlierHad it not been for“Nightline,”Morrie might have died without ever seeing me again What happened to me? The eighties happened. The nineties happenedDeath and sickness and getting fat and going bald happened. I traded lots of dreams for a bigger paycheck, and I never even realized I was doing it. Yet here was Morrie talking with the wonder of our college years, as if Id simply been on a long vacation. “Have you found someone to share your heart with?” he asked. “Are you at peace with yourself?” “Are you trying to be as human as you can be?” I felt ashamed, wanting to show I had been trying hard to work out such questionsWhat happened to me? I once promised myself I would never work for money, that I would join the Peace Corps, and that I would live in beautiful, inspirational places Instead, I had been in Detroit for ten years, at the same workplace,using the same bank, visiting the same barber I was thirty-seven,more mature than in college,tied to computers and modems and cell phones. I was no longer young, nor did I walk around in gray sweatshirts with unlit cigarettes in my mouth. I did not have long discussions over egg salad sandwiches about the meaning of life My days were full, yet I remained, much of the time, unsatisfied. What happened to me? 1. When did the author graduate from Morries college? A. In the eighties B. In the nineties C. When he was sixteen. D. When he was twenty-one答案解析:答案为D。本题为细节题。由第六段 “I was hardly the promising student who had left him sixteen years earlier”可知,作者16年前离开Morrie,由倒数第三段 “visiting the same barber I was thirty-seven,more mature than in college”可知,作者已经有37岁了,比上大学的时候成熟了许多,因此作者毕业的时候是21岁。故答案为D。2. What do we know about the“Nightline”? A. Morrie started it by himself. B. It helped Morrie earn a fameC. The author helped Morrie start itD. It was only operated at night答案解析:答案为B。本题为细节题。由第一段 “the“Nightline”appearance had made him something of a big figure”可知,“Nightline”使Morrie成为了一个了不起的人物,B选项与文意符合,故答案为B。A、C选项未提,均不选。由第一段第一、二句话 “The sun shone in through the dining room window, lighting up the hardwood floor. We had been talking there for nearly two hours.”可知,D选项错误。3. What can we infer from the passage? A. Both the author and Morrie liked travelling.B. Morrie liked helping people pack things for their journeys.C. The author envied Morries friends the help they got from him.D. The author earned a lot of money at the cost of his dreams.答案解析:答案为D。本题为推理题。由第八段 “I traded lots of dreams for a bigger paycheck, and I never even realized I was doing it.” 和第十二段 “I felt ashamed, wanting to show I had been trying hard to work out such questionsWhat happened to me? I once promised myself I would never work for money”可知,作者从没意识到他为了更高的薪水以自己的梦想作为交易,他感到羞愧,因为他曾经许诺自己永不为钱而工作,可是他并没做到,因此可以推断,作者以自己的梦想为代价赚了许多钱,故答案为D。第二段虽然提到 “Im on the last great journey hereand people want me to tell them what to pack” 但此处的“journey”是比喻人生的旅程,故A、B选项错误。第一段提到 “but I was impressed with, perhaps even a bit envious of, all the friends that Morrie seemed to have.” 作者羡慕Morrie有如此多的朋友,C选项“作者羡慕Morrie的朋友从他那儿得到的帮助”与文意不符,故错误。4. Whats the authors feeling when he writes this passage? A. Regretful. B. Enthusiastic.C. Sympathetic. D. Humorous.答案解析:答案为A。本题为推理题。从本文的写作语气和一些关键词,例如第十二段的 “I felt ashamed”、倒数第三段 “I did not have long discussions over egg salad sandwiches about the meaning of life”和倒数第二段 “My days were full, yet I remained, much of the time, unsatisfied.”都流露出作者因为他前面的一生都是为钱而工作对自己所度过的人生感到非常后悔。故答案为A。高考英语冲刺阅读理解。请认真阅读下列短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。My cat Posy, a tortoiseshell tabby, lives with my family in a house in London, England. Like most cats, Posy is never pleased to see another cat on her territoryor anywhere, for that matter. Whenever she encounters a cat-like fellow, her hair stands on end, and she begins to hiss. In extreme cases, she sets up a yowling that warns the whole neighborhood.Though she may be a proud defender of her territory, there is a reason why my dad has always referred to her as “a cat of very little brain”. One day my mum came home with a purchase she was delighted witha large tea cozy in the shape of a cat, with all the cat features, from ears to tail, drawn in. Naturally, when teatime rolled around the next afternoon, out came the new tea cozy to keep the pot warm. It received a lot of admiration from the rest of the family because it had the look of a real cat. This cat looked almost like a king sitting there, guarding the pot, with a half-smile on his cloth face. Suddenly, a slight sound emerged over the clink of teaspoons on china a slow, steady hiss. I turned around to see Posy behind me in the kitchen doorway, hair standing on end, ears laid back, staring straight at the tea cozy. The tea cozy stared back. Posy edged nearer with suspicion, as her eyes narrowed, while she sent out more hissing sounds as she sized up her rivala rival whod not only managed to get INTO her house but was now ON her table. And here was the family doing nothing about it.Needless to say, we had almost fallen off our chairs laughing by this timewe couldnt believe she actually thought the tea cozy was a real cat! Luckily, Posy stopped short of jumping on the unexpected rival. Eventually we took pity on her, lifted the cozy off the pot and finally convinced her that, the presence of this particular cat on her territory was no good reason to cause fur to fly.1. Posy begins to hiss _.A. whenever she sees a tortoise on her territoryB. whenever she sees another cat on her territoryC. whenever she sees a teapot at homeD. whenever she meets the family members at home答案解析:答案为B。本题为细节题。由第一段 “Like most cats, Posy is never pleased to see another cat on her territoryor anywhere, for that matter. Whenever she encounters a cat-like fellow, her hair stands on end, and she begins to hiss.”可知,答案为B。2. It can be learned from the passage that_. A. Posy is loyal to my dadB. it isnt difficult to read the facial expression of the tea cozyC. nobody gets along well with Posy except my mumD. my mum has been buying something like a cat to protect the pot from being broken 答案解析:答案为B。本题为推理题。本题可用排除法。A、C选项未提。由第二段 “One day my mum came home with a purchase she was delighted witha large tea cozy in the shape of a cat, out came the new tea cozy to keep the pot warm.”可知,D选项不符合文意。因此只有选择B选项,又及第二段 “with a half-smile on his cloth face.” 和该段的 “ The tea cozy stared back.” 可表明B选项正确。3“Posy stopped short of jumping on the unexpected rival”in the last paragraph means_. A. Posy couldnt launch a successful attack on her rivalB. Posy didnt have the ability to attack her rivalC. Posy decided not to attack her rivalD. Posys rival is not alive 答案解析:答案为C。本题为语义理解题。由最后一段可知,Posy想攻击长得像猫一样的tea cozy,她认为这是只真猫,我们看到这一幕笑破了肚皮,作者写到 “Luckily, Posy stopped short of jumping on the unexpected rival.”, 可以推断,Posy没有攻击tea cozy。 “stop short of doing sth” 意为差点儿做某事,因此答案为C。4. The best title for this story is“_”. A. Posy,The Stupid Cat B. Posy,The Cat of Little BrainC. Posy,The Tortoiseshell Tabby D. Posy,The Proud Territory Defender答案解析:答案为D。本题考查文章的标题。文章都是围绕一只猫为了保护自己的领地而发生的一切,因此答案为D“Posy,自豪的领土保卫者”。阅读理解。阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。Read the following reviews for movies that are showing at the moment. And then answer questions.Happiness(Romance)Happiness tells the story of two people (Lisa Turbot and Danny Roy)who work for different advertising companies. They talk on the phone all the time and dont like each other. But then they correspond by email and fall in love. This movie will be very popular with teenagers and people who like romances. It also has beautiful music.Scream I(Thriller)In Scream I, Paul(Colin Jacks)is a young man who joins a thriller club. Each of the members tries to frighten the others. Paul is told to stay in an old house for the night. Everyone who has tried to stay in the house before has died. This movie is very frightening but also quite silly. It doesnt make sense for Paul to stay in the house when things start to go wrong. Only for people who like thrillers.Pauls Heroes(Comedy)This is a very funny war movie set in World War Two. Six soldiers(including Sammy Turblow)have to get to Italy to take secret messages to the American army there. During the movie, they dress up as women and fight with Italian workers. You can guess the ending, but its great fun getting there._(Drama)This is a very good drama with Jack Ross, a hard-working truck driver. His wife becomes ill and he has to find a doctor who can help her. In his travels he meets Dr. Lloyd(Phil Driver)who has found the cure for the illness, but Jack Ross has only twelve hours to get the medicine back to his wife on the other side of America. This is an excellent movie, which is very exciting.1. The underlined word “correspond” can be replaced by _.A. date B. communicate C. exchange D. write 2. A thriller is most probably a film which tells something _.A. frightening B. instructive C. humorous D. interesting3. Which of the following is the best title for the fourth film?A. A Hard-working Truck Driver B. MedicineC. A Strange Illness D. Twelve Hours4. Where can we probably read the passage?A. On the sports page. B. A travel brochure. C. On the entertainment page. D. In the test book.【参考答案】14、BADC- 配套讲稿:
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