大学英语四级翻译集锦
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.1. It was essential that _(我们在月底前签订合同).2. _(家庭人口多好还是人口少好)is a very popular topic,which is often talked about not only by city residents but by farmers as well.3. We must _(用一切可能的办法来帮助他们). 4. We _(尽情地吃了一顿)at the new restaurant last Friday.5. To most of the travelers,_(衣、食、住、行)are all important elements.答案与解析:1. We sign the contract by the end of the month当表示愿望,要求,命令等含义的形容词如advisable,appropriate,better,best,desirable,essential,fitting,imperative,important,impossible,incredible,insistent,natural,necessary,obligatory,preferable,proper,ridiculous,strange,surprising,urgent,vital出现在形式主语句中时,从句要用虚拟语气。签订合同英语固定说法是sign the contract。在月底前要用by the end of,而不是at the end of。2. Whether a large family is good or not如果按照中文顺序逐一翻译就会得出译文Whether a large family is good thing or a small family is a good thing,这并没有语法错误,但不符合英语表达习惯。家庭人口多好还是少好可以理解为:家庭人口多是好事?还是坏事?所以这里我们可以采用反译法,将还是人口少好转移为汉语意思为(人口多是好)还是不好的英文表达-or not,使译文简洁明了,避免罗嗦。3. help them in every way possible本题最有可能出现的译文是:use very possible way to help them。这样译文不能说错,但不是最间接、最好的翻译。英语里,通常把方式状语放在谓语部分之后,所以可得出译文:help them in every possible way。原句可能出现在被修饰语办法之前。根据英文习惯,可能的对应词possible应该放在所修饰的中心词way之后,所以有了最终译文:help them in every way possible。4. ate to our hearts content本题让考生们困扰的是如何翻译一顿这个量词。其实,一顿是汉语特有的量词表达,是对吃这个动作的补充说明。在那家新餐馆吃就暗含了吃了一顿的含义。英语里没有一顿的对应词。一般来说,可以不译,不影响全句意思的表达。尽情地是个固定搭配,可译成:to ones hearts content或to the top of ones bent。5. food,clothing,shelter,and transportation本题要求考生熟悉汉英习语在转移时的异同。有些汉语习语在转移成英语时不需要变换位置。如:日日夜夜(day and night);但也有一些需要改变前后顺序,如:新旧(old and new);水火(fire and water);田径(track and field);钢铁(iron and steel);贫富(rich and poor);血肉(flesh and blood)。请注意本题中哪些词语的英译改变了顺序。1. Its believed that mixed-ability teaching can _(促使他们知识的积累和经历的丰富).2. We _(使我们的行为符合别人的)based on a constant mental process of appraisal and interpretation.3. The class are very active. They _(争先恐后地回答问题). 4. Oxygen is _(一种能和许多物质化合的气体).5. Mr. Smith is _(这次事故的目击者之一).答案与解析:1. enrich their knowledge and experience本题考查合译法,积累与丰富可以共用一个英语动词enrich,而enrich的前缀en-有使.(怎么样)的含义,如:encircle(圈住);endanger(使危险);enfranchise(使自治)。因此,促使可以省略不译。本句如果译成can cause the accumulation of their knowledge and the abundance of their experience也没有错,但行文复杂。2. fit our actions to those of other people本题意为:我们是基于一贯的评价和理解来使我们的行为符合别人的。使.符合可以直接用动词fit,而本句最容易出错的地方在于如何理解别人的,实际上,别人的是别人的行为省略。但是在翻译成英语时必须补齐行为才能避免意思含混。因此,不能译成fit our actions to other people。3. vie with each other in answering questions本题考查固定短语争先恐后可以译成strive to be the first或vie with each other,vie是不及物动词,一般与with连用,表示与某人竞争做某事。另外,本题The class are very active的集合名词class指代班级成员因而谓语用复数。如果表示整体概念,则谓语用单数,如:This class is very large. It consists of 90 students. 4. a gas which unites with many substances本题主要考查物质的词义辨析。matter和substance侧重抽象的物质或某一事件;substance指某种质地、形体、特征或重要性的东西,侧重某个实体,如:a mineral substance(矿物);Salt is a substance we use in cooking.(盐是我们做菜时用的东西。)5. one of those who have witnessed the accident本题考查句型be one of. 与be the only one of.的辨析。但one前面有the only修饰时,从句中的谓语动词用单数,如:She is the only one of the girls who shows special aptitude in singing and dancing.(她是这些女孩子中唯一在歌舞方面有特长的人。)1. Man,no less than the lower forms of life,_(是演化过程的产物).2. _(不止一个人觉察到)her agitation.3. _(液体密度越大),the easier it is to float on it. 4. _(只有工人的要求得到满足)will they return to work.5. Had _(要不是有水库)wed never have been able to beat the drought.答案与解析:1. is a product of the evolutionary process单数名词with,together with,along with,as well as,accompanied by,no less than,rather than,in addition to,instead of,including,besides等名词结构作主语时,谓语动词用单数。Man在这里是个单数概念,指全人类,因此句子谓语部分要用单数is。再如:A technician,along with some young workers,is working on the design.(技术员正在和一些青年工人一道搞设计。)本题全句意为:人类,同生命的低级形式一样,是演化过程的产物。2. More than one person has noticedmany a或more than one所修饰的名词作主语时,谓语动词必须用单数。所以句子需填入部分谓语译成has,又由于觉察到暗示了动作已经发生,因此用完成时态。但是,考生要注意的是:如果more than one后面又出现了thousand,hundred等,动词就要用复数,如:More than one thousand graduates have responded to the Partys call and gone to work in the border regions.(一千多名毕业生响应党的号召,到边疆工作去了。)3. The denser a liquid is本题考查的是theadj.比较级,theadj.比较级的结构,表示越.越.。The denser在句中充当表语。当表语前置,主语和系动词用正常语序即可。当前置的表语为形容词词组、介词短语等,主语和系动词就要倒装。如:To north of the town was little village,where I spent my childhood in happiness.(在这个小城镇的北边有一个小村庄,我在那儿幸福地度过了我的童年。)4. Only when the workers demands are satisfied本题考查only修饰的状语放在句首,主谓要倒装。Will they return to work已经给出暗示。此外,only副词,only介词短语置于句首,主谓也要倒装。如:Only with the aid of telescope can he observe the celestial bodies.(只有借助望远镜,他才能观测到天体。)值得注意的是:如果句首only修饰的是主语,则不需要倒装。如:Only Tom has been to the small island once before.(只有汤姆以前去过那个小岛一次。)5. it not been for the reservoir由于句首已经给出Had,那么这里就是考查虚拟语气省略if引起的主谓倒装。由主句时态可知,从句情况与过去事实相反,因此用过去完成时态。另外,如果句首倒装的条件句含有否定词not,且had提前,一般不可使用省略式nt,而应将not置于条件句之后。本题意为:若不是有水库,我们绝不能战胜干旱。1. If only _(你没把我的话告诉杰吉),everything would have been all right.2. They had no sooner gone to the plant _(就开始干活了).3. Dont trust such men _(当面过分称赞你). 4. Ive got many novels,_(其中一些很有趣).5. _(那两个国家中断了外交关系)on the eve of World War.答案与解析:1. You hadnt told Jackie what I said本题考查虚拟语气,if only是if的强调式,用来表达强烈的愿望或遗憾,意思为:但愿.,要是.就好了,谓语动词多用虚拟语气。本句意为:要是你没把我的话告诉杰吉就好了,那样就不会出什么问题了。If only也可以用来引导感叹句,如:If only she would stop singing!(但愿她不要再唱了!)2. than they began to workno sooner.than只能用于过去时,一般不能和主句是现在时或将来时的句子连用,但hardly/scarcely.when有时可以用于现在时,表示一种经常性的行为,如:The day has scarcely broken when he gets up to study.(天刚破晓,他就起床学习。)3. as overpraise you to your face本题考查as用作关系代词或关系副词引导出限制性定语从句的结构。这种结构在从句中通常左主语、宾语、表语和状语。as在这里作主语,指人。这句话相当于Dont trust those men who overpraise you to your face。as用作关系代词或关系副词除了可以用在such.as的结构中,还可以用在the same.as的结构中。如:We drove out of the town by the same road as we had entered by.(我们沿着我们进城的同一条路开车出城。)as在这个句子中作关系副词。4. some of which are very interesting本题考查of which在句中引导非限制性定语从句,当of which,of whom结构和some,all,both等代词或数词连用时,可以有不同的语序。所以答案也可以这样:of which some are very interesting。5. The two countries broke off diplomatic relationshipon the eve of表示在.前夕,on用来指代某一特定的时间。Break off是指to cease to be friendly,断绝(关系),不再友好,绝交。1. _(除非你和保险公司签订货物保险合同),you are not entitled to a repayment for the goods damaged in delivery.2. _(据报道,这个地方卫生组织25年前就成立了)when Dr. Mark became its first president.3. Mrs. Smith shut the window lest _(外面的噪音会影响她儿子的睡眠).4. The new mayor was charged _(未能履行他降低通货膨胀率的承诺).5. _(每当遇到这类问题时,我的大脑就一片空白),and I can hardly remember my own date of birth.答案与解析:1. Unless you sign a contract with the insurance company for your goods本题考查对连词unless用法的掌握。unless表示除非.否则,相当于if.not,常用于引导条件状语从句。2. It is reported that the local health organization was established 25 years ago/The local health organization is reported to have been established 25 years ago本题考查形式主语it及被动语态的用法。It is reported that.意为据报道.,it为形式主语,后面的that从句为句子的真正主语,表示卫生组织成立应该用被动语态。另外,本句也可以直接用报道的对象the local health organization充当主语,原来从句中的谓语动词转换成相应的不定式的完成式。3 the noise outside (should) interfere with her sons sleep本题考查对虚拟语气和短语interfere with的掌握。连词lest(以免),for fear that(唯恐,恐怕)和in case(万一)引起的从句中谓语动词常使用虚拟语气,其形式为should动词原形,should可省略。interfere with意为打扰妨碍(某事)。4 with failure to fulfill his promise to decrease the inflation rate本题考查charge的搭配以及其他一些短语的用法。Charge sb. with sth.意为以某事指控或控告某人,另外accuse.(of)也表示指控或控告,注意不同的介词搭配。Failure(fail) to do sth.常用于表示未能做成某事,本句中是跟在介词with后面,所以用名词failure。5 When confronted with such questions,my mind goes blank本题考查对短语be confronted with及单词blank的掌握。Be confronted with sb./sth.表示面对、面临某人或某事,go blank常用于表示(思想或大脑)变得空白、呆滞。欢迎您下载我们的文档,后面内容直接删除就行资料可以编辑修改使用资料可以编辑修改使用致力于合同简历、论文写作、PPT设计、计划书、策划案、学习课件、各类模板等方方面面,打造全网一站式需求ppt课件设计制作,word文档制作,图文设计制作、发布广告等,公司秉着以优质的服务对待每一位客户,做到让客户满意!感谢您下载我们文档14.- 配套讲稿:
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