初一英语介词的专项练习
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初一英语介词专练介词又叫前置词,是一种虚词。介词分为三种,一种是简单介词,如at,in,on,beside,to,for等;另一种是短语介词,即由两个以上的词组组成的短语,如infrontof,becauseof,outof,insteadof等;还有一种叫二重介词,如untilafter,frombehind等。(一)介词的句法功能介词不能独立在句中做成份,介词后必须与名词、代词、或动名词构成介词短语在句中充当一个成份,表示人、物、事件等与其它人、物、事件等之间的关系。1、作定语:Thebookonthetableismine.2、作状语:Wehavebreakfastatseven.(表时间); 3、作表语:Mydictionaryisinthebag.4、作宾语补足语:Ifoundhimintheoffice.(二)主要介词区别1、表示时间的at,in,on:at表示片刻的时间,如:at8oclock,常用词组有:atnoon,atnight, in表示一段的时间,如:inthemorning,intheafternoon, on总是跟日子有关,onMonday,onChristmas2、表示时间的since和from:since表示从过去到现在的一段时间的过程,常与现在完成时连用。from表示从时间的某一点开始,不涉及与现在的关系。一般多与现在时、过去时、将来时连用。如:Ihopetodomorningexercisesfromtoday./Wehavenotseeneachothersince1995.3、表示时间的in和after:两者都表示在(某个时间)之后,区别在于in表示在(一段时间)之后,而after则表示在(某一具体时间点之后),in短语和将来时态连用,after短语和过去时态或将来时态连用。如:Wellbebackinthreedays./Afterseventherainbegantofall.注意:after有时也可以表示在一段时间之后(常用在过去时里)。如:Aftertwomonthshereturned.4、表示地理位置的in,on,to:in表示在某范围内,on指与什么毗邻,to指在某环境范围之外。如:ChangchunisinthenortheastofChina./MongoliaisonthenorthofChina./JapanistotheeastofChina.5、表示在上的on和in:on只表示在某物的表面上,而用in表示占去某物一部分。如:Thereisabookonthepieceofpaper./Thereisaninterestingarticleinthenewspaper./Hedugaholeinthewall.6、表示穿过的through和across:through表示从内部通过,与in有关;across则表示从一端至另一端在表面上的通过,与on有关。如:Waterflowsthroughthepipe./Theoldmanwalkedacrossthestreet.7、inthecorner,onthecorner,atthecorner:inthecorner表示在角落里,in指角的内面;onthecorner表示在角上,on指的不是内面,也不是外面,而含内外兼有之意;atthecorner指在拐角处,at指的是拐角外附近的外面。如:Thelampstandsinthecorneroftheroom./Imetwithhimatthestreetcorner./Hesatonthecornerofthetable.8、intheend,attheendof,bytheendof:intheend作最后、终于解,可单独使用,后不接介词of;attheendof表示在末梢,到尽头,既可指时间,也可以指地上或物体。不可单独使用;bytheendof作在结束时,到末为止解,只能指时间。不可单独使用。如:Intheendtheyreachedaplaceofsafety./Attheendoftheroadstandsabeautifulgarden./TheydecidedtohaveanEnglisheveningattheendofthisweek./bytheendoflastmonthhehadfinishedthenovel.9、表示关于的about和on:两者都有关于的意思,不过前者为一般用词,而后者为较正式的论述。如:Hecametotellmeaboutsomethingimportant./Hewroteabookonscience.10、between,among:一般说来,between表示两者之间,among用于三者或三者以上的中间。如:Youaretositbetweenyourfatherandme./Heisalwayshappyamonghisclassmates.注意:但有时说的虽然是三个以上的人或东西,如果强调的是两两相互间接关系,适用于between。如:Agreementsweremadebetweenthedifferentcountries.在谈到一些事物或一组事物,而把它们视为分居两边时用between。如:Thelittlevalleyliesbetweenhighmountains.。在谈事物间的差别时,总是用between。如:Theydontknowthedifferencebetweenwheat,oatsandbarley.11、besides,except,but,exceptfor:besides指除了还有,再加上。如:Allwentoutbesidesme.;except指除了,减去什么,不能放在句首。如:Allwentoutexceptme.;but与except意思近似,表示除了外经常用在no,all,nobody,anywhere,everything等和其他疑问词后面。如:Ineversawhimreadinganythingbutthenewspaper.;exceptfor表示如无就,只是表明理由细节。如:Hisdiaryisgoodexceptforafewspellingmistakes.12、表示用的in和with:表示工具的用,用with,而表示材料、方式、方法、度量、单位、语言、声音等的用,用in。如:Heiswritingaletterwithapen./Hewrotetheletterinpencil./Wemeasureditinpounds./Readthetextinaloudvoice./TellmethestoryinEnglish.13、inchargeof和inthechargeof:两者都表示由谁负责、照顾、管理。区别在于:inchargeof后接被照管的人或物,而inthechargeof后面则跟照管的人。如:Whoisinchargeoftheproject?/Theprojectisinthechargeofanengineer.。14、as,like:as作作为、以地位或身份解。如:Letmespeaktoyouasafather.(事实是父亲);like作象一样解。如:Letmespeaktoyoulikeafather.(事实上不是父亲)。15、infrontof和inthefrontof:infrontof=before,是在前面的意思(不在某物内);inthefrontof则是在前部的意思(在某物内)。如:Thereisadeskinfrontoftheblackboard./Theboysatinthefrontofthecar.。16、in,into:into表示动向,不表示目的地或位置。如:Wewalkedintothepark.;in通常表示位置。如:Wewalkedinthepark;in和drop,fall,put,throw,break等终止性动词连用时,也可以表示动向。如:Ihaveputthecoinin(into)mypocket.我把硬币放进衣袋。日子、日期、年月日,星期加上早、午、晚,收音机、农场、值日on,关于、基础、靠、著论。 着、罢、出售、偷、公、假,故意、支付、相反,准。 特定时日和一就,on后常接动名词。 年、月、日加早、午、晚,of之前on代in。 步行、驴、马、玩笑on,cab,carriage则用in。 at山脚、门口、在当前,速、温、日落、价、核心。 工具、和、同随with,具有、独立、就、原因。 就来说宾译主,对、有、方状、表细分。 海、陆、空、车、偶、被by,单数、人类know to man。 this、that、tomorrow,yesterday,next、last、one。 接年、月、季、星期、周,介词省略已习惯。over、under正上下,above、below则不然, 若与数量词连用,混合使用亦无关。 beyond超出、无、不能,against靠着,对与反。 besides,except分内外,among之内along沿。 同类比较except,加for异类记心间。 原状because of,、 owing to、 due to表语形容词 under后接修、建中,of、from物、化分。 before、after表一点, ago、later表一段。 before能接完成时,ago过去极有限。 since以来during间,since时态多变换。 与之相比beside,除了last but one。 复不定for、找、价、原,对、给、段、去、为、作、赞。 快到、对、向towards,工、学、军、城、北、上、南。 but for否定用虚拟,复合介词待后言。 ing型由于鉴,除了除外与包合。 之后、关于、在.方面,有关介词须记全。 in内to外表位置,山、水、国界to在前。练习(一)、介词1.Theteacheriswriting_apieceofchalkontheblackboardwhilethestudentsarewriting_inkinexercisebooks.A.with,inB.in,withC.in,inD.with,with2.Theworkercanmakechairs_wood,andalsocanmakepaper_wood.A.from,ofB.of,fromC.of.ofD.from,from3.Marydroppedin_MrSmith,buthewasntathome,soshewenttodropin_MrSmithsoffice.A.on,onB.at,atC.on.atD.at.on4.Theteacherisnotonlystrict_hispupilsbutalsostrict_hisownwork.A.with,withB.in,inC.in,withD.with,in5.Hisgrandfatherdied_thewoundthattheenemysoldierhadgivenhim.andthenhisgrand-motherdied_hungryandcold.A.from,ofB.of,fromC.from,fromD.of.of6.Ifyourun_twoharesyouwillcatchneither.A.intoB.afterC.offD.outof7.Thisisacommonmistake_students.A.betweenB.overC.amongD.about8.Myfatherbegantowork_abusdriverwhenhewastwentyyearsold.A.forB.toC.atD.as9._hearingthenews,Iwaswild_joy.A.At,inB.On,withC.After,byD./,over10.IdontthinkXiaoLiis_theotherstudents_mathematics.A.after,onB.after,withC.behind,inD.behind,at11.Nobodyknowsit_me.A.exceptforB.exceptthatC.besidesD.but12.Thewindowisneveropened_insummer.A.butB.exceptC.exceptforD.butfor13.Ithappened_theLongMarch.A.duringB.inC.atD.for14.Wegotoschool_abike.A.inB.onC.byD.ove15.Itsverykind_youtorepairthebike_me.A.for.forB.of,ofC.of,forD.for,of16.Freshairisgood_yourhealth.A.atB.forC.ofD.to17.Theboyiswaiting_hissisterandtheywillgotothehospitaltowait_theirsickmother.A.for,onB.on,forC.for,forD.on.on18.Thegroupismadeup_fivestudents.Andtheyarestudyinghardtomakeup_thelosttime.A.of,ofB.for,forC.of,forD.for,of19.ThePLAmansavedtheboy_death.A.ofB.fromC.toD.on20.Hewillcome_threedays.A.beforeB.afterC.inD.later21.HewenttoBeijingandreturned_threedays.A.inB.beforeC.laterD.after22.Hewillreturn_threeoclock.A.afterB.inC.onD.at23.Hewrotethearticle_threedays.A.atB.inC.onD.by24.Iagree_whatyousaid.A.toB.onC.withD.at25.Doyouagree_thisplan(arrangement)?A.atB.withC.onD.to26.Finallytheyagreed_thetermsofthecontract.A.onB.toC.withD.at27.Doyouoftenhear_yourbrother?A.ofB.fromC.outofD.about28.1heard_thebooklongago,butIhaveneverreadit.A.outB.fromC.ofD.with29.Theplaneflew_thecity.A.acrossB.pastC.throughD.over30.Wewalked_theTianAnMenSquaretotheMuseumofChineseHistory.A.acrossB.throughC.byD.past31.Iwaswandering_thestreetswhenIcaughtsightofatailorsshop.A.acrossB.throughC.byD.past32.Ourbusdrove_theGreatHallofthePeople.A.acrossB.throughC.pastD.over33._thesun,nothingwouldgrow.A.ForB.WithC.UnderD.Without34.Theteacherisbusy_teaching.A.withB.forC.onD.of35.Theteacherisbusy_correctingpapers.A.forB.inC.onD.of36.WeleftXian_._averyhotsummerafternoon.A.onB.inC.duringD.by37.Shefeltdisappointedwhenshefoundouttheyhadgoneswimming_her.A.butB.exceptC.exceptforD.without38.Histeacherwasangry_him_hisbeinglate.A.at,withB.at,forC.with,forD.with,about39.Myfatherwasdisappointed_thenews.A.byB.aboutC.atD.on40.MrWangwenttoNanjing_October,1998andcamebackhome_themorningofNov.5.A.at;inB.on;atC.in;onD.by;from41.Myunclelives_105HuangheStreet.Hisroomis_thefifthfloor.A.at;onB.td;atC.on;inD.of;to42.Idontthinkyoucanworkoutthemathsproblem_theteachershelp.A.sinceB.unlessC.becauseD.without43.Heisrunning_thewindtowardstheeastofthestation_Tomisrunning_theright.A.down;and;onB.against;while;onC.for;with;inD.with;while;to44.InHangzhouMrGreenwassostruck_thebeautyofnaturethathestayed_anothernight.A.at;onB.with;atC.for;inD.by;for45.Manypeoplearestill_thehabitofwritingsillythings_publicplaces.A.at;atB.in;inC.into;ofD.during;at46.-Doyougothere_bus?-No,wegothere_atrain.A.in;onB.on;onC.by;inD.by;with47.Imadethecoat_myownhands.Itwasmade_hand,notwithamachine.A.in;inB.in;withC.with;byD.with;with48.Thetrees_frontofthehouseare_thechargeofOldLi.A.in;inB.at;inC.in;byD.from;in49.Theoldmandied_cold_acoldnight.A.from;atB.of;inC.of;onD.for;during50.DoesJohnknowanyotherforeignlanguages_French?A.exceptB.butC.besidesD.beside51.Helookedquitehealthy_hewas_theageofseventy.A.when;atB.because;inC.if;forD.though;at52.-Howlonghasthebookshopbeeninbusiness?-_1982.A.AfterB.InC.FromD.Since53.Didyouhaveanytrouble_thepostoffice?A.tohavefound B.withfinding C.tofind D.infinding54.Totellyouthetruth,Ihavenothingtodo_it.A.aboutB.withC.forD.of55.Somethingmustbedonetopreventourcity_bythicksmoke.A.tobepollutedB.frompollutingC.frombeingpollutedD.polluting56._thestudentslikesthepaintings.Whichiswrong?A.TheteacheraswellasB.NobodybutC.TheteacherbesidesD.Allexcept57.Henry,_MaryandTom,iscomingtoChinaforavisit.Whichiswrong?A.togetherwith B.likeC.andnotD.butinadditionto58.Taiwanis_theeastofFujian.A.inB.atC.toD.on59.HisfatherwillbebackfromLondon_afewdays.A.sinceB.inC.onD.after60.Weofferedhimourcongratulations_hispassingthecollegeentranceexams.A.atB.onC.forD.of语法复习:介词(答案)15ABCDA610BCDBC1115DBABC1620BACBC2125DABCD2630ABCDA3135BCDAB3640ADDCC4145ADBDB4650CCACC5155DDDBC5660DCCBB4- 配套讲稿:
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