M1 U3 词汇讲解

Module 1 Unit 3 Words and Expressions. Write down the right form of the following words.1. ashamedadj._ 2. energetic n._n./v_3. recovern. _4. failurev. _5. containn. _6. chemicaln. _7. treatmentv. _8. painfuln. _9. attractivev. _10. pressurev. _11. suffern. _12. effectv. _13. achievementv. _14. includingadj._15. comfortv._v._adj. _16. sadnessadj._17. useless antonym _18. properlyadj. _19. mostlyadj. _20. systemadj. _21. peacefuln. _22. concentraten. _23. lossv. _. Key words and expressions1. work out请写出下列句中work out的含义： The famous actor keeps fit by working out in the gym every day. _ At last, the scientist worked out the total number of genes in human body._ At first, we met many problems, but things worked out in the end. _ You cant predict everything. Often things dont work out as you expect. _2. figure请写出下列句中figure的词性和意思： She does exercise every morning to improve her figure. _ He wrote the date in figures. _ On the Tiananmen Square, there are many figures of heroes. _ The stories of historical figures can make us learn a lot. _ She learnt to read, write and figure._【拓展】figure out 明白，理解；计算出 你查出你的车有什么问题吗？ Have you _ what is wrong with your car? 你算出这次出游要花多少钱吗？Have you _ the holiday will cost? 3. ashamed adj. 惭愧的，羞愧的 be ashamed of 因而惭愧；羞愧 be ashamed that因而惭愧；羞愧 be ashamed to do sth. 因惭愧而不情愿做某事。 她对自己在聚会上的行为深感羞愧。She _ her behavior at the party. 真有点不好意思，我太幸运了。 I feel almost ashamed that Ive been so lucky. 我真不好意思说我向她撒了谎。 I _ that I lied to her. 【拓展】辨析：ashamed/shameful/shameashamed adj. 一般作表语，指人(感到)惭愧的，羞耻的；不好意思的shameful adj. shameful 指(行为等)可耻的；不道德的；shame n. 羞耻，羞愧 可耻的人/物 v. 使羞辱，使丢脸； I was too ashamed to tell her that I had failed. Such shameful behaviour will certainly damage his fame. He was a shame to his friends.他使他的朋友都感到羞耻。【小试牛刀】选用ashamed、shameful、shame填空The behaviour of a few children has _ the whole school. I feel _ of having done so little for the people.I couldn't see anything _ in what I had done. She feels _ at failing in the exam.He was _ that he had failed in the exam.4. work vi. 起作用，有效果，奏效请说出下列句中work的词性和意思。_ Your idea wont work in practice. _ The medicine worked. _ Many people have to work in order to make a living. _ The machine works by electricity. _ He has a piece of work. _ This is a new work of his novels. _ He has read many of Hemingways works. _5. contain v. 包含；容纳请体会下列句中contain的含义。 This theatre can contain 4000 people. The box contains 4 old letters. We cant eat much food that contains too much fat.【拓展】contain /include/including/includedcontain表示被包含者是所含之物的全部或表示含有某种成分。include 着重被包含者只是整体中的一部分。including是介词，后面接宾语。included是形容词，置于被修饰词之后。 I have a story-book which _ a lot of interesting stories. And my favorite story The Wolf is Coming is _. Everyone laughed, me _. Everyone laughed, _ me. 6. damage vt 损害，毁坏 The car _ (damage) in the serious accident. Its wrong of you to _（损害健康）by smoking.n 损害，损失 Human activities are doing great damage to the earth. Smoking causes much damage to ones health.【归纳】对造成损害，破坏_; _; _7. prefer v. 更喜欢prefer + n. / pron. 喜欢某人或某物 I prefer my coffee black. _prefer + doing/to do 表示“宁愿做某事”。 I prefer walking alone._ She prefers to be alone._prefer to 喜欢而不喜欢；宁愿而不愿。该句型中to前后结构是平行的，prefer和to后的宾语可以是名词，代词或动名词， 因为其中to是介词 I prefer tea to coffee._ I prefer walking to cycling._prefer sb. to do sth. 宁愿某人做某事 我宁愿你下周日跟我们去上海。I prefer _ to Shanghai with us next Sunday. prefer to dorather than do 宁愿做而不愿做 我宁愿乘火车去北京，而不愿意乘飞机去。I _a train to Beijing _ there. 我宁愿去探个究竟，也不愿意坐在这儿等待。_ here waiting, I _ to find out what on earth has happened. 8. amount n. 数量常构成短语a (large, small) amount of，表示“大量的”，后接不可数名词。A good amount of sleep every night is also important for your health.【拓展】其他表示“许多，大量”的短语：后面既可以跟可数名词也可以跟不可数名词的词组：a lot of / lots of，plenty of，a wealth of，quantities of。 只能接可数名词的是：a group of， a（great/large/good）number of，a great many，scores of， 只能接不可数名词的是：a large amount of，a great（good deal of）Consolidation1. We had wanted to finish our task by noon, but it didnt quite_ as planned.A. find outB. give outC. hand outD. work out2. The present situation is very complex, so I think it will take me some time to_ its reality.A. make upB. figure outC. look throughD. put off3. After decades of effort, the city is still trying to _ how to ban smoking in public places.A. look through B. get through C. figure out D. take out4. Im afraid I cant go to your party; I have lots of things to do. _A. What a shame!B. No problem. C. So what? D. Take it easy. 5. My mother always gets a bit _ if we dont arrive when we say we will. A. anxiousB. ashamed C. weak D. patient6. She felt _ of having asked such a silly question when the audience couldn't help laughing. A. guilty B. crazy C. miserable D. ashamed7. Little Johnny felt the bag, curious to know what it _.A. collectedB. containedC. loadedD. saved8. Even if they didnt_ the cost of food in the tour, its still a cheap vacation. A. holdB. containC. shareD. include9. The recent stories in this magazine, _ one of yours, have been _ in the list of the best ones. A. include, include B. including, including C. including, included D. included, included10. Its reported that one thousand people are affected by the virus in that area, two hundred and fifty-five children _. A. were includedB. including C. include D. included11. He is a person preferring doing _ talking. A. than B. for C. to D. from12. Which do you like better, the play or the film?I _ the film.A. likeB. enjoy C. preferD. see13. Rather than _ on a crowded bus, he always prefers _ a bicycle. A. ride; ride B. ride; to ride C. riding; to ride D. ride; riding14. Good amounts of sleep every night_ also important for your health. A. is B. are C. was D. were15. The young dancers looked so charming in their beautiful clothes that we took _ pictures of them. A. many ofB. masses ofC. a large amount of D. the number of 第 4 页 共 4 页