2022年考博英语-中国人民解放军陆军装甲兵学院考前模拟强化练习题67（附答案详解）

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1、2022年考博英语-中国人民解放军陆军装甲兵学院考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 单选题In the past ten years skyscrapers have developed _ in Chicago and New York City.问题1选项A.homogeneouslyB.simultaneouslyC.spontaneouslyD.harmoniously【答案】B【解析】【选项释义】A. homogeneously同样地 B. simultaneously同时地C. spontaneously自发地，自然地 D. harmoniously和谐地【考查点】副词辨析。【解

2、题思路】根据句意“在过去的十年里，摩天大楼在芝加哥和纽约_拔地而起”，四个选项中只有B项词义符合句意，该题选择B项。【干扰项排除】C项指自然发生的，非计划性的；A、D项不符合句意。【句意】在过去的十年里，摩天大楼在芝加哥和纽约同时拔地而起。2. 单选题_ when she started to complaining.问题1选项A.Not until he arrivedB.No sooner had he arrivedC.Scarcely did he arriveD.Hardly had he arrived【答案】D【解析】【选项释义】A. Not until he arrived直到

3、他到达 B. No sooner had he arrived他一到达C. Scarcely did he arrive 他一到达 D. Hardly had he arrived他一到达【考查点】倒装句。【解题思路】根据句子中的when可知，scarcely/hardlywhen为倒装结构，表示“一就”，句子要部分倒装；根据started可知，事情发生在过去，她开始抱怨是在他到达之后，所以空格处要用过去完成时，所以该题选择D项。【干扰项排除】A项不与when搭配；B项一般与than搭配。【句意】他刚到，她就开始抱怨起来。3. 不定项选择题The ideal companion machine

4、the computerwould not only look, feel, and sound friendly but would also be programmed to behave in a pleasant manner. Those qualities that make interaction comfortable, and yet the machine would remain slightly unpredictable and therefore interesting. In its first encounter it might be somewhat hes

5、itant, but as it came to know the user it would progress to a more relaxed and intimate style. The machine would not be a passive participant but would add its own suggestions, information, and opinions; it would sometimes take the initiative in developing or changing the topic and would have a pers

6、onality of its own.Friendships are not made in a day, and the computer would be more acceptable as a friend if it imitated the gradual changes that occur when one person is getting to know another. At an appropriate time it might also express the kind of affection that stimulates attachment and inti

7、macy. The whole process would be accomplished in a subtle way to avoid giving an impression of over-familiarity that would be likely to produce irritation. After experiencing a wealth of powerful, well- timed friendship indicators, the user would be very likely to accept the computer as far more tha

8、n a machine and might well come to regard it as a friend.An artificial relationship of this type would provide many of the benefits that could continue from previous discussions. It would have a familiarity with the users life as revealed in earlier contact, and it would be understanding and good-hu

9、mored. The computers own personality would be lively and impressive, and it would develop in response to that of the user. With features such as these, the machine might indeed become a very attractive social partner.1. Which of the following is not a feature of the ideal companion machine?2. The co

10、mputer would develop friendships with humans in a (n) _ way.3. Which of the following aspects is not mentioned when the passage discusses the benefits of artificial relationships?4. Throughout the passage, the author is _ in his attitude toward the computer.5. Which might be the most appropriate tit

11、le of the passage?问题1选项A.Active in communication.B.Attractive in personality.C.Enjoyable in performance.D.Unpredictable in behavior.问题2选项A.quickB.unpredictableC.productiveD.inconspicuous问题3选项A.Being able to pick up an interesting conversation.B.Being sensitive to earlier contact.C.Being ready to lea

12、rn about the persons life.D.Having a pleasant and adaptable personality.问题4选项A.favorableB.criticalC.vagueD.hesitant问题5选项A.Artificial relationships.B.How to form intimate relationships.C.The affectionate machine.D.Humans and computers.【答案】第1题:D第2题:D第3题:B第4题:A第5题:C【解析】1.【选项释义】1. Which of the following

13、 is not a feature of the ideal companion machine? 1. 下列哪项不是理想伴侣机器的特点？A. Active in communication. A. 积极参与交流。B. Attractive in personality. B. 有吸引力的个性。C. Enjoyable in performance. C. 令人愉快的行为。D. Unpredictable in behavior. D. 不可预测的行为。【考查点】细节事实题。【解题思路】定位到第一段对理想伴侣机器的描述“理想的伴侣机器不仅看起来、感觉上和听起来都很友好，而且通过编程使其行为举止

14、令人愉快（behave in a pleasant manner）。这些特性使互动变得舒适（make interaction comfortable），但机器仍会保持略微不可预测的状态（slightly unpredictable），因此很有趣。它有时会主动发展或改变话题，并有自己的个性（have a personality of its own）。”，从中可知，理想伴侣机器的特点就是有很好的行为举止、舒适的互动、略微不可预测的状态以及具有自己的个性，只有D项“不可预测的行为”表述与原文不符，文中提到的是slightly unpredictable（略微不可预测的），该项太绝对，故该题选择D项

15、。【干扰项排除】A项“积极参与交流”、B项“有吸引力的个性”、C项“令人愉快的行为”根据解题思路可知，这三项都属于理想伴侣机器的特点，反向干扰。2.【选项释义】2. The computer would develop friendships with humans in a (n) _ way. 2. 计算机将以_方式与人类发展友谊。A. quick A. 快速的B. unpredictable B. 不可预测的C. productive C. 富有成效的D. inconspicuous D. 不引人注目的【考查点】细节事实题。【解题思路】根据第二段第三句“整个过程将以一种微妙的方式（in

16、a subtle way）完成，以避免给人一种过于熟悉的印象，以免引起愤怒”可知，计算机将以一种微妙的方式与人类发展友谊，D项“不引人注目的”是subtle的同义转换，所以该题选择D项。【干扰项排除】A项“快速的”、B项“不可预测的”和C项“富有成效的”根据解题思路可知，这三项都属于曲解原文。3.【选项释义】3. Which of the following aspects is not mentioned when the passage discusses the benefits of artificial relationships? 3. 当文章讨论人为关系的好处时，下列哪方面没有被

17、提及？A. Being able to pick up an interesting conversation. A. 能够进行有趣的谈话。B. Being sensitive to earlier contact. B. 对早期接触敏感。C. Being ready to learn about the persons life. C. 准备好了解一个人的生活。D. Having a pleasant and adaptable personality. D. 性格开朗、适应力强。【考查点】细节事实题。【解题思路】根据关键信息the benefits of artificial relati

18、onships定位至最后一段，第二三句提到“它应该熟悉用户的生活，就像在早期的接触中显示的那样，它应该是善解人意的，幽默的。计算机本身将具备活泼的个性，令人印象深刻，并将根据用户的个性发展。”可知，人为的关系带来的好处是：计算机会了解用户的生活，善解人意且幽默，具备活泼的个性并能根据用户的个性发展，只有B项“对早期接触敏感”在原文没有提及，所以该题选择B项。【干扰项排除】A项“能够进行有趣的谈话”、C项“准备好了解一个人的生活”和D项“性格开朗、适应力强”根据解题思路可知，这三项属于反向干扰。4.【选项释义】4. Throughout the passage, the author is _

19、in his attitude toward the computer. 4. 在文章中，作者对计算机的态度是_。A. favorable A. 支持的B. critical B. 批判的C. vague C. 模糊的D. hesitant D. 犹豫不定的【考查点】观点态度题。【解题思路】通读全文可知，作者介绍的都是理想伴侣机器的优点和特性，根据文章最后一句“有了这些功能，这台机器可能真的会成为一个非常有吸引力的（very attractive）社交伙伴”可以看出，作者对于计算机的态度是非常支持的，所以A项“支持的”符合题意。【干扰项排除】B项“批判的”与原文相反，属于反向干扰；C项“模糊的

20、”和D项“犹豫不定的”根据解题思路可知，这两项曲解原文。5.【选项释义】5. Which might be the most appropriate title of the passage? 5. 哪一个可能是这篇文章最合适的标题？A. Artificial relationships. A. 人为关系。B. How to form intimate relationships. B. 如何建立亲密关系。C. The affectionate machine. C. 有感情的机器。D. Humans and computers. D. 人类与计算机。【考查点】主旨大意题。【解题思路】首先定位

21、首段第一句“理想的伴侣机器计算机不仅看起来、感觉上和听起来都很友好，而且通过编程能使其行为举止令人愉快”和尾段最后一句“有了这些功能，这台机器可能真的会成为一个非常有吸引力的社交伙伴”可知，文章的关键词是理想伴侣型机器；然后看到文章内容，第一段描述了这种机器的特性，即积极互动、有个性且行为举止得体，然后第二段说明了这种伴侣型机器是如何与人类建立情感关系，最后一段说明了人为的关系将带来的一些好处；综合理解可知，本文主要是讲述能建立感情的机器，所以C项“有感情的机器”符合题意。【干扰项排除】A项“人为关系”、B项“如何建立亲密关系”只是部分提及，属于以偏概全；D项“人类与计算机”概括范围太大，不精

22、准，属于曲解原文。4. 不定项选择题Most worthwhile careers require some kind of specialized training. Ideally, therefore, the choice of an (1) should be made even before the choice of a curriculum in high school. Actually, (2), most people make several job choices during their working lives, partly because of econom

23、ic and industrial changes and partly to improve their positions. The “one perfect job” does not exist. Young people should therefore (3) into a broad flexible training program that will fit them for a field of work rather than for a single (4).Unfortunately, many young people, knowing (5) about the

24、occupational world or themselves for that matter, they choose their lifework (6) a hit-or-miss basis. Some (7) from job to job. Others stick to work in which they are unhappy and for which they are not fitted.One common mistake is choosing an occupation for (8) real or imagined prestige. Too many hi

25、gh-school studentsor their parentschoose the professional field, (9) both the relatively small percentage of workers in the professions and the extremely high educational and personal (10). The imagined or real prestige of a profession or a White-collar job is (11) good reason for choosing it as lif

26、es work. (12), these occupations are not always well paid. Since a large percentage of jobs are in mechanical and manual work, the majority of young people should give serious (13) to these fields. Before making an occupational choice, a person should have a general idea of what he wants (14) life a

27、nd how hard he is willing to work to get it. Some people desire social prestige, others intellectual satisfaction. Some want security; others are willing to take (15) for financial gain. Each occupational choice has its demands as well as its rewards.问题1选项A.identificationB.accommodationC.occupationD

28、.suggestion问题2选项A.therebyB.howeverC.thoughD.therefore问题3选项A.involveB.enterC.participateD.join问题4选项A.meansB.companyC.wayD.job问题5选项A.littleB.fewC.muchD.a lot问题6选项A.withB.byC.onD.at问题7选项A.flowB.wanderC.jumpD.drift问题8选项A.itsB.theirC.yourD.the问题9选项A.disregardB.disregardingC.to disregardD.to have disregar

29、ded问题10选项A.requirementsB.preferencesC.preparationsD.ambitions问题11选项A.suchB.noC.veryD.any问题12选项A.ThereforeB.NeverthelessC.MoreoverD.Still问题13选项A.proposalB.suggestionC.approvalD.consideration问题14选项A.inB.withinC.out ofD.beyond问题15选项A.advantageB.patienceC.partsD.risks【答案】第1题:C第2题:B第3题:B第4题:D第5题:A第6题:C第7

30、题:D第8题:A第9题:B第10题:A第11题:B第12题:C第13题:D第14题:C第15题:D【解析】1.【选项释义】A. identification鉴定；确认 B. accommodation住处；办公处C. occupation工作；职业 D. suggestion建议；提议【考查点】句间逻辑。【解题思路】这一句的句意是“因此，理想情况下，在高中选择课程之前就应该选择_”，上文提到“大多数有价值的职业都需要某种专门的训练”，理解可知，前后为因果的逻辑关系，所以这一句是上一句的结论，上文提到职业需要专门训练，所以这里表示的意思是“在选择高中课程之前就确定好职业”，该题选择C项符合。【干

31、扰项排除】A、B、D项不符合句间逻辑。【句意】因此，理想情况下，在高中选择课程之前就应该选择好职业。2.【选项释义】A. thereby因此；由此 B. however不管怎样；无论如何；然而C. though尽管 D. therefore因此【考查点】句间逻辑。【解题思路】这一句说“事实上，大多数人在他们的职业生涯中会做出多种职业选择”，上文的意思是“理想情况下，在高中选择课程之前就应该选择好职业”，理解可知，前后逻辑是转折关系，所以该空格要填入一个表示转折的逻辑词，只有B项符合。【干扰项排除】A、D项表示因果关系；C项表示让步关系。【句意】然而，事实上，大多数人在他们的职业生涯中会做出多种

32、职业选择，部分原因是经济和行业的变化，部分原因是为了提高自己的地位。3.【选项释义】A. involve包含；需要 B. enter进来；进去；加入；开始从事C. participate参加；参与 D. join连接；接合；参加【考查点】搭配。【解题思路】根据句意“因此，年轻人应该_一个广泛而灵活的培训计划”，宾语是“培训计划”，那么动词一般表示“参加”符合句意，而根据介词into可知，enter into是常用搭配，表示“参加，开始从事”，所以该题选择B项。【干扰项排除】A项involve into表示“涉及”，不符合句意；C项一般与in连用，participate in表示“参加，参与”；

33、D项指加入某个活动、俱乐部、公司等并成为其中的一员，放在这里不符合句意。【句意】因此，年轻人应该参加一个广泛而灵活的培训项目。4.【选项释义】A. means方式；方法 B. company公司；陪伴C. way手段；途径 D. job工作；职业【考查点】联系上下文。【解题思路】由rather than（而不是）可知，空格处与前面的a field of work（某一领域的工作）为对比关系，所以空格处应该也是与工作相关，所以该题选择D项符合。【干扰项排除】A、B、C项不符合语义逻辑。【句意】因此，年轻人应该接受广泛灵活的培训项目，使他们适合某一领域的工作，而不是单一的工作。5.【选项释义】A.

34、 little不多；稍许 B. few不多，很少；几乎没有C. much非常；更加 D. a lot许多，大量【考查点】句间逻辑。【解题思路】根据Unfortunately（不幸的是）可知，该句的陈述是负面的，所以空格处表示的应该是“对知道地很少”，而occupational world（职场）是不可数名词，只能用little搭配，所以该题选择A项。【干扰项排除】B项修饰可数名词；C、D项不符合句子语义逻辑。【句意】不幸的是，许多年轻人对职场或自己知之甚少。6.【选项释义】A. with和一起 B. by通过C. on在上面 D. at在地方【考查点】搭配。【解题思路】这一句的意思是“许多年轻

35、人对职场或自己知之甚少，所以他们在碰运气的基础上选择终身职业”，根据basis可知，on the basis是常用搭配，表示“在基础上”，所以该题选择C项。【干扰项排除】A、B、D项均不适合此搭配。【句意】不幸的是，许多年轻人对职场或自己知之甚少，所以他们在碰运气的基础上选择终身职业。7.【选项释义】A. flow流动 B. wander闲逛；徘徊C. jump跃；跳跃；突然改变 D. drift无目的地转变【考查点】联系上下文。【解题思路】根据下文“另一些人则坚持从事使他们不快乐和不适合他们的工作”可知，这一句和下文说的分别是两种不同的就业情况，另一些人坚持做不适合和不快乐的工作，但是一些人

36、会不停换工作，所以空格处表示“换、转变”符合，所以该题选择D项。【干扰项排除】A、B项不符合上下文语义；C项指突然改变、转换话题或题目等。【句意】有些人不停地换工作。8.【选项释义】A. its它的 B. their他们的C. your你的 D. the定冠词，表示特指【考查点】关联上下文。【解题思路】按照句意“一个常见的错误是，选择一个职业是为了_真实的或想象中的声望”可知，“声望”和“职业”之间是所属关系，所以空格处填入一个所有格的代词指代前面的occupation，故该题选择A项。【干扰项排除】B、C、D项不符合上下文连接。【句意】一个常见的错误是，选择一个职业是为了它真实的或想象中的声

37、望。9.【选项释义】A. disregard不顾；漠视 B. disregarding不顾；漠视C. to disregard不顾；漠视 D. to have disregarded不顾；漠视【考查点】非谓语动词。【解题思路】分析句子结构可知，句子主谓宾结构完整，所以空格处只能填入一个非谓语动词，逻辑主语是high-school students（高中生）和their parents（他们的父母），与disregard之间是主动的关系，所以用现在分词的形式disregarding，故该题选择B项。【干扰项排除】A项不符合句子语法结构；C项不定式表示目的或者将来，不符合句意；D项表示过去没有完成

38、的事情，不符合句意。【句意】太多的高中生或者他们的父母在选择工作领域时忽视了该领域相对较少的从业人员和忽视了极高的教育和个人的。10.【选项释义】A. requirements要求；必要条件 B. preferences偏爱；爱好C. preparations准备；预备 D. ambitions追求的目标；夙愿；野心【考查点】联系上下文。【解题思路】按照句意“太多的高中生或者他们的父母在选择工作领域时忽视了该领域相对较少的从业人员和忽视了极高的教育和个人的_”，结合第一段谈到“大多数的职业都需要某种专业的训练”可知，空格处表示“要求”符合句意，所以该题选择A项。【干扰项排除】B、D项不符合句意

39、；C项强调为某事做准备的过程，不符合上下文语义。【句意】太多的高中生或者他们的父母在选择工作领域时忽视了该领域相对较少的从业人员和忽视了极高的教育和个人的要求。11.【选项释义】A. such这样的，那样的adj. B. no（与not同义，用于形容词和副词前）不C. very（置于形容词、副词和限定词前）很，非常 D. any（用于否定句或疑问句中，加强形容词或副词的语气）一点儿也（不）【考查点】联系上下文。【解题思路】按照句意“一个职业或白领工作的想象或真实的声誉是_选择它作为终生工作的很好的理由”，结合该段第一句提到“一个常见的错误是，选择一个职业是为了它真实的或想象中的声望”，理解可知

40、，一个职业的声誉在选择工作时并不是一个很好的理由，空格处要填入一个否定词，no相当于not，所以该题选择B项。【干扰项排除】A、C项不符合句意；D项要用于否定句中。【句意】一个职业或白领工作的想象或真实的声誉并不是你选择它作为一生的职业的好理由。12.【选项释义】A. Therefore因此，所以 B. Nevertheless尽管如此；不过C. Moreover此外；而且 D. Still还；还是；仍然【考查点】句间逻辑。【解题思路】按照句意“这些职业的薪水并不总是很高”，结合上一句说“一个职业或白领工作的想象或真实的声誉并不是你选择它作为一生的职业的好理由”可知，该句与上一句是递进关系，所

41、以该题选择C项。【干扰项排除】A项表示因果关系，不符合句间逻辑；B项表示让步关系，不符合句间逻辑；D项放在句首一般作副词，强调对前文的转折，不符合句间逻辑。【句意】此外，这些职业的薪水并不总是很高。13.【选项释义】A. proposal提议；建议 B. suggestion建议；提议C. approval赞成；同意 D. consideration仔细考虑；深思【考查点】联系上下文。【解题思路】按照句意“由于大部分工作是机械和体力工作，大多数年轻人应该认真_这些领域”，根据下文提到Before making an occupational choice, a person should ha

42、ve a general idea（在做出职业选择之前，一个人应该有一个大致的想法）可知，空格处应该表示“思考，考虑”，故该题选择D项。【干扰项排除】A、B、C项不符合上下文语义衔接。【句意】由于大部分工作是机械和体力工作，大多数年轻人应该认真考虑这些领域。14.【选项释义】A. in在里 B. within在之内C. out of从中；缺乏 D. beyond超过【考查点】搭配。【解题思路】根据句意“一个人应该对他想_生活中得到什么以及他愿意为之付出多少努力有一个大致的想法”可知，空格处应该表示“从生活中”，而out of life是常见搭配，表示“从生活中”，所以该题选择C项。【干扰项排除

43、】A项in life表示“一生中”，不符合句意；B、D项不与life搭配。【句意】在做出职业选择之前，一个人应该对他想从生活中得到什么以及他愿意为之付出多少努力有一个大致的想法。15.【选项释义】A. advantage有利条件；有利因素 B. patience耐心；忍耐力C. parts部分；片段 D. risks危险；风险【考查点】句间逻辑。【解题思路】根据句意“有些人寻求保障；而有些人则愿意为了经济利益而_”可知，该句前后为对比关系，那么空格处与之相对应的是“保障”，所以空格处应该填入“冒险，风险”，所以该题选择D项。【干扰项排除】A、B、C项不符合句间逻辑中的对比关系。【句意】有些人寻

44、求保障；而有些人则愿意为了经济利益而冒险。5. 填空题Directions: In this section, there is a passage with five questions. After you have read the passage, answer each question in English. Write down your answer on ANSWER SHEET.A language is a system of sounds, gestures, or characters used by humans to communicate their ideas

45、 and feelings. There are about 4,000 spoken languages in the world. Some are spoken by millions of people. Other languages have only a few speakers.All languages have rules for forming words and for ordering those words in sentences. In written languages, meaning is expressed through a system of cha

46、racters and rules for combining those characters. In spoken languages, meaning is expressed through a system of sounds and rules for combining those sounds. Many deaf people use sign languages, in which gestures do the work of the sound system of spoken languages.Word order is more important in Engl

47、ish than it is in some other languages, such as Russian. The sound system is very important in Chinese and in many languages spoken in West Africa.Languages are always changing, but they change very slowly. People invent new words for their language, borrow words from other languages, and change the

48、 meanings of words as needed. For example, the English word byte was invented by computer specialists in 1959. The English word tomato was borrowed from Nahuat, an American Indian language spoken in Mexico. The English word meat once referred to food in general.There are several major language famil

49、ies in the world. The languages in each family are related, and scientists think they came from the same parent family. Language families come in different sizes. The Austronesian family contains at least 500 languages, including Pilipino, Malay, and Maori. The Basque language, spoken in northern Sp

50、ain, is the only member of its language family.The Indo-European language family contains 55 languages, including English, German, Spanish, Russian, and Hindi. Another language family is Sino-Tibetan, which includes Chinese, Burmese, and Tibetan. The Afro-Asiatic family includes Arabic, Hebrew, and

51、Amharic. There are about 150 American Indian languages spoken today. These languages have many differences and have been divided into more than 50 language families.People learn languages by listening, copying what they hear, and using the language. Most children learn their first languages easily,

52、and sometimes other languages as well. Adults often must work harder at learning a second language.1. How many languages are spoken all over the world?2. What are the language rules for?3. How is meaning expressed in sign language?4. What is more important in English compared with other languages?5.

53、 Which language is the only member of its language family?【答案】1.About 4,000 spoken languages.2.Forming words and ordering those words in sentences.3.By gestures.4.Word order.5.The Basque language.【解析】1.【选项释义】1. How many languages are spoken all over the world? 1. 世界上有多少种语言？【考查点】细节事实题。【解题思路】第一段第二句提到“

54、世界上大约有4000种语言”可知，答案为“大约4000种”。2.【选项释义】2. What are the language rules for? 2. 语言规则是什么？【考查点】细节事实题。【解题思路】根据第二段第一句“所有的语言都有构词和排列句子的规则”可知，语言规则是“构词和排列句子”。3.【选项释义】3. How is meaning expressed in sign language? 3. 如何用手语表达意思？【考查点】细节事实题。【解题思路】根据第二段最后一句“许多聋人使用手语，在手语中，手势起到了口语声音系统的作用”可知，聋人通过手势表达自己的意思。4.【选项释义】4. Wh

55、at is more important in English compared with other languages? 4. 与其他语言相比，英语中什么更重要？【考查点】细节事实题。【解题思路】根据第三段第一句“词序在英语中比在其他一些语言中更重要，比如俄语”可知，英语中词序更重要。5.【选项释义】5. Which language is the only member of its language family? 5. 哪一种语言是其语系的唯一成员？【考查点】细节事实题。【解题思路】根据第五段最后一句“西班牙北部使用的巴斯克语是该语系的唯一成员”可知，巴斯克语是其语系的唯一成员。6.

56、 单选题American women were _ the right to vote until 1920 after many years of hard struggle.问题1选项A.ignoredB.neglectedC.refusedD.denied【答案】D【解析】【选项释义】A. ignored忽视，对不予理会 B. neglected忽略，忽视C. refused拒绝，回绝 D. denied否认，否定，拒绝承认【考查点】动词辨析。【解题思路】根据关键信息American women（美国女性）和the right to vote（投票权），结合历史常识可知，美国女性是被拒绝

57、给予投票权的，并且deny sb. sth.是固定用法，所以该题选择D项。【干扰项排除】A、B项不与right搭配；C项多指拒绝邀请或者请求等。【句意】在艰苦斗争了数年之后，美国女性于1920年得到了一直被剥夺的投票权。7. 不定项选择题New parents are annoying. They think you want to hear about every gurgle and baby-step. But it could be worse. When your boss has a sprog, watch your wallet.A study to be published

58、next month in Administrative Science Quarterly looks at what happens to workers pay when a male boss has a child. Researchers tracked salaries at every firm in Denmark with more than ten employees between 1996 and 2006. (They confined themselves to male bosses partly because the sample of female bos

59、ses was too small.)Male bosses, it turns out, pay themselves significantly more once they become fathers. Even after controlling for factors such as age, length of tenure and the performance of the firm, the study found that bosses with daughters pay themselves 3.5% more than childless ones. If they

60、 have a son, that increases to a hefty 6.4%. David Ross of Columbia Business School, one of the authors, says all fathers feel a duty to support their families. For grunts this means working harder. Bosses have the more agreeable option of raising their own wages.This is bad news for underlings. Tha

61、t extra money comes out of workers pockets, the study finds. Staff employed by a father is typically paid less. The amount depends on such things as the sex of the baby and whether it is his first child. Male employees bear the grunt: if the bosss child is a son, for example, they can expect 0.5% le

62、ss salary than if he hadnt reproduced.Female staff fare better. After their bosss first child, they can expect to be paid a little more. Mr. Ross speculates that this might be because, having seen their wives go through childbirth, they start to respect women more. Alas, such goodwill doesnt last. Once the boss has a second child, female workers wages