2022年考博英语-北京体育大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷86（附答案带详解）

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1、2022年考博英语-北京体育大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（附答案带详解）1. 问答题He is warm-hearted, but this doesnt mean that he is bright. (follow)【答案】He is warm-hearted, which is not usually followed by brightness.2. 单选题There is a real possibility that these animals could be frightened（ ） a sudden loud noise.问题1选项A.being thereB.should

2、 there beC.there wasD.there having been【答案】B【解析】语法题。根据句子结构和选项，可知空格中应填入虚拟条件句，因为省略if，所以应使用倒装，选项C和D可排除。根据句意可知，句子是对将来的虚拟，主句形式为should/could/would/might+动词原形，从句形式为should+动词原形。句意：如果突然发出很大的声音，这些动物很可能会受到惊吓。因此选项B符合题意。3. 单选题There is no electricity again. A（ ） has blown, causing the lights to fail.问题1选项A.fuseB.

3、wireC.plugD.circuit【答案】A【解析】名词词义辨析。fuse “保险丝，熔线”；wire “金属丝”；plug “插头”；circuit “电路”。句意：又停电了。保险丝坏了，导致停电了。因此选项A符合题意4. 问答题The garden is too small for a swimming pool, (room)【答案】There is no room for a swimming pool in the garden.5. 单选题It is time the nations of the world （ ）a halt to the manufacture of nu

4、clear weapons.问题1选项A.would callB.callC.calledD.will call【答案】C【解析】考查固定用法。It is time( that) sb. did sth.意为“是做某事的时候了.”。句意：世界各国是时候停止制造核武器了。所以选项C正确。6. 单选题To make the best and the most efficient use of your time and to achieve your goals, start each day by （ ）your agenda.问题1选项A.holding onB.making outC.kee

5、ping onD.taking down【答案】D【解析】词组辨析题。hold on等一下，继续；make out理解，辨认出，设法应付；keep on继续；take down记下。句意：为了最大限度、最有效地利用你的时间并实现你的目标，你需要开始每天记录你的日程。选项D符合句意。7. 单选题The dictator relied on abuse of its opponents （ ）on sounding reasoning.问题1选项A.more thanB.rather thanC.other thanD.better than【答案】B【解析】词组辨析题。more than不仅仅；

6、rather than而不是；other than除了.不同于.；better than超过，好于.。句意：这个独裁者依靠的是辱骂反对者，而不是有力的说服。所以选项B正确。8. 单选题The editor-in-chief begs （ ）tomorrows meeting.问题1选项A.to be excused to attendB.to be excused to attendingC.to excuse to attendD.to excuse from attending【答案】A【解析】为了参加明天的会议，主编请求准予离开。固定搭配题。excuse sb. from sth.为固定

7、用法，表示“同意某人不做；免除某人”，根据句意是同意，所以排除因此排除C项和D项。“to attend tomorrows meeting”为不定式短语作目的状语，因此答案选A。9. 单选题When the drops were placed in the patients eyes, his pupils became （ ）.问题1选项A.dilatedB.smallerC.irritatedD.sensible【答案】A【解析】名词辨析题。dilated扩大的，膨胀的；smaller较小的；irritated恼怒的，生气的；sensible明智的。句意：当滴剂滴入患者的眼睛时，他的瞳孔放

8、大了。选项A符合句意。10. 问答题Increasing the tax on household goods is bound to cause trouble. (Its asking)【答案】Its asking for trouble to increase the tax on household goods.11. 单选题No Tobacco Day is the day when the World Health Organization （ ）to people to stop using tobacco products.问题1选项A.asksB.appliesC.appea

9、lsD.urges【答案】C【解析】考查固定搭配。appeal to sb. to do sth.意为“呼吁/恳请某人做某事”。句意：无烟日是世界卫生组织呼吁人们停止使用烟草制品的日子。选项C正确。选项A和D后面直接接sb.，不接介词to；选项B的用法是apply to sb. for sth.，意为“向某人申请.”。所以只有选项C正确。12. 单选题Global warming is causing more than 300,000 deaths and about $125 billion in economic losses each year, according to a repo

10、rt by the Global Humanitarian Forum, an organization led by Kofi Annan, the former United Nations secretary general.The reports, to be released Friday, analyzed data and existing studies of health, disaster, population and economic trends. It found that human-influenced climate change was raising th

11、e global death rates from illnesses including malnutrition and heat-related health problems.But even before its release, the report drew criticism from some experts on climate and risk, who questioned its methods and conclusions.Along with the deaths, the report said that the lives of 325 million pe

12、ople, primarily in poor countries are being seriously affected by climate change. It projected that the number would double by 2030.Roger Pielke Jr., a political scientist at the University of Colorado, Boulder, who studies disaster trends, said the Forums report was “a methodological embarrassment”

13、 because there was no way to distinguish deaths or economic losses related to human-driven global warming amid the much larger losses resulting from the growth in populations and economic development in vulnerable regions. Dr. Pielke said the climate change is an important problem requiring our utmo

14、st attention.” But the report, he said, “will harm he cause for action on both climate change and disasters because it is so deeply flawed.”However, Soren Andreasen, a social scientist at Dalberg Global Development Partners who supervised the writing of the report, defended it, saying that it was cl

15、ear that the numbers were rough estimates. He said the report was aimed at world leaders, who will meet in Copenhagen in December to negotiate a new international climate treaty.In a press release describing the report, Mr. Annan stressed the need for the negotiations to focus on increasing the flow

16、 of money from rich to poor regions to help reduce their vulnerability to climate hazards while still curbing the emissions of the heat-trapping gases. More than 90% of the human and economic losses from climate change are occurring in poor countries, according to the report.1.What is the finding of

17、 the Global Humanitarian Forum?2.What do we learn about the Forums report from the passage?3.What does Dr. Pielke say about the Forums report?4.What is Soren Adreasen s view of the report?5.What does Kofi Annan say should be the focus of the Copenhagen conference?问题1选项A.Rates of death from illnesses

18、 have risen due to global warming.B.Global temperatures affect the rate of economic development.C.Malnutrition has caused serious health problems in poor countries.D.Economic trends have to do with population and natural disasters.问题2选项A.It caused a big stir in developing countries.B.It was warmly r

19、eceived by environmentalistsC.It aroused a lot of interest in the scientific circles.D.It was challenged by some climate and risk experts.问题3选项A.Its statistics look embarrassing.B.It deserves our closets attention.C.It is invalid in terms of methodologyD.Its conclusion is purposely exaggerated问题4选项A

20、.Its conclusions are based on carefully collected data.B.It is vulnerable to criticism if the statistics are closely examinedC.It will give rise to heated discussions at the Copenhagen conference.D.Its rough estimates are meant to draw the attention of world leaders.问题5选项A.How human and economic los

21、ses from climate change can be reducedB.How rich countries can better help poor regions reduce climate hazardsC.How emissions of heat trapping gases can be reduced on a global sale.D.How rich and poor regions can share responsibility in curbing global warming【答案】第1题:A第2题:D第3题:C第4题:D第5题:B【解析】1.细节事实题。

22、根据文章第一段第一句，“Global warming is causing more than 300,000 deaths and about $125 billion in economic losses each year, according to a report by the Global Humanitarian Forum”，可知全球人道主义论坛的一份报告显示，全球变暖每年导致30多万人死亡，造成大约1250亿美元的经济损失。可判断出全球人道主义论坛发现全球变暖导致疾病死亡率上升。因此选项A符合题意。2.细节事实题。文章第一二段主要提到了人道主义论坛报告的具体内容，第三段提到了

23、相关态度和评价。根据文章第三段，“the report drew criticism from some experts on climate and risk, who questioned its methods and conclusions.”，可知这份报告招致了一些气候和风险专家的批评，他们对报告的方法和结论提出了质疑。可判断出这份报告受到了一些气候和风险专家的质疑。因此选项D符合题意。3.细节事实题。根据文章第五段， “Roger Pielke Jr.said the Forums report was a methodological embarrassment”，可知皮尔克=表

24、示，该论坛的报告存在“方法论的尴尬”。可判断出Dr. Pielke在方法论上是无效的。因此选项C符合题意。4.细节事实题。根据文章第六段，“saying that it was clear that the numbers were rough estimates. He said the report was aimed at world leaders, who will meet in Copenhagen in December to negotiate a new international climate treaty.”，可知Soren Adreasen认为这份报告的数据只是粗略

25、估计，是针对世界各国领导人，他们将在于12月在哥本哈根举行会议，就一项新的国际气候条约进行谈判。可判断出Adreasen认为报告的粗略估计是为了引起世界领导人的注意。因此选项D符合题意。5.细节事实题。根据文章最后一段，“Mr. Annan stressed the need for the negotiations to focus on increasing the flow of money from rich to poor regions to help reduce their vulnerability to climate hazards while still curbing

26、 the emissions of the heat-trapping gases.”，可知Annan强调，谈判需要把重点放在增加从富有地区流向贫困地区的资金问题上，以帮助他们降低面对气候灾害的脆弱性，同时减少温室气体的排放。可判断出Kofi Annan认为哥本哈根会议的重点应该放在富国如何才能更好地帮助贫困地区减少气候灾害的问题上。因此选项B符合题意。13. 单选题During the operas most famous aria, the tempo chosen by the orchestras conductor seemed （ ）, without necessary rela

27、tion to what had gone before.问题1选项A.tediousB.melodiousC.capriciousD.moderation【答案】C【解析】名词辨析题。tedious沉闷的，冗长乏味的；melodious旋律优美的；capricious反复无常的，任性的；moderation适度，节制。句意：在歌剧最著名的咏叹调中，管弦乐队指挥所选择的节奏似乎有些随意，与之前的情况没有必要的联系。选项C更符合语境。14. 单选题Most broadcasters maintain that TV has been unfairly criticized and argue t

28、hat the power of the medium is （ ）.问题1选项A.grantedB.impliedC.exaggeratedD.remedied【答案】C【解析】动词词义辨析题。A选项grant “（尤指正式地或法律上）同意，准予”；B选项imply “暗示，说明”；C选项exaggerate“夸张，夸大”；D选项remedy “纠正，改进”。根据前一句句意“大部分广播机构认为，对电视的职责是不公平的”，确定and后面的句意应是“并且表示媒介的力量被夸大”。所以C选项正确。15. 单选题（ ）1980 that Voyager transmitted photographs

29、of Saturn to earth.问题1选项A.When it wasB.DuringC.It was inD.That was in【答案】C【解析】语法题。根据题目中的that和句子结构，可判断本句为强调句，强调句句型为：It is/was+被强调部分+that/who，句意：正是在1980年，“旅行者”号向地球传送了土星的照片。因此选项C符合题意。16. 单选题In American universities, classes are often arranged in more flexible （ ）and many jobs on campus are reserved for

30、 students.问题1选项A.scalesB.ranksC.gradesD.patterns【答案】D【解析】名词辨析题。scale规模，比例；rank等级；grade级别，阶段；pattern模式。句意：在美国大学，班级安排通常是灵活的模式，并且校园里有很多工作都是为学生准备的。选项D符合句意。17. 问答题The small number of potential buyers does not provide a sufficiently large market for this kind of apparatus.(enough)【答案】The small number of p

31、otential buyers does not provide enough market for this kind of apparatus.18. 单选题In my opinion, you can widen the （ ）of these improvements through your active participation.问题1选项A.dimensionB.volumeC.magnitudeD.scope【答案】D【解析】名词辨析题。dimension尺寸；volume体积；magnitude大小；scope范围。句意：在我看来，你可以通过积极参与来扩大这些改进的范围。选

32、项D更符合语境。19. 单选题A recurring criticism of the UKs university sector is its perceived weakness in translating new knowledge into new products and services.Recently, the UK National Stem Cell Network warned the UK could lose its place among the world leaders in stern cell research unless adequate fundin

33、g and legislation could be assured. We should take this concern seriously as universities are keys in the national innovation system.However, we do have to challenge the unthinking complaint that the sector does not do enough in taking ideas to market. The most recent comparative data on the perform

34、ance of universities and research institutions in Australia, Canada, USA and UK shows that, from a relatively weak starting position, the UK now leads on many indicators of commercialization activity.When viewed at the national level, the policy interventions of the past decade have helped transform

35、 the performance of UK universities. Evidence suggests the UKs position is much stronger than in the recent past and is still showing improvement. But national date, asks the very large variation in the performance of individual universities. The evidence shows that a large number of universities ha

36、ve fallen off the back of the pack, a few perform strongly and the rest chase the leaders.This type of uneven distribution is not peculiar to the UK and mirrored across other economic. In the UK, research is concentrate; less than 25% of universities receive 75% of the research funding. These same u

37、niversities are also the institutions producing the greatest share of PhD graduates, science citations, patents and license income. The effect of policies generating long-term resource concentration have also created a distinctive set of universities which are research-led and commercially active. I

38、t seems clear that the concentration of research and commercialization work creates differences between universities.The core objective for universities which are research-led must be to maximize the impact of their research efforts. These universities should be generating the widest range of social

39、 economic and environmental benefits. In return for the scale of investment they should share their expertise in order to build greater confidence in the sector.Part of the economic recovery of the UK will be driven by the next generation of research commercialization spilling out of our universitie

40、s. There are three dozen universities in the UK which are actively engaged in advanced research training and commercialization work.If there was a greater coordination of technology transfer offices within regions and a simultaneous investment in the scale and functions of our graduate schools, univ

41、ersities could, and should, play a key role in positioning the UK for the next growth cycle.1.What does the author think of UK universities in terms of commercialization?2.What does the author say about the national data on UK universities performance in commercialization?3.We can infer from Paragra

42、ph 5 that “policy interventions” refers to （ ）.4.What does the author suggest research-led universities do?5.How can the university sector play a key role in the UKs economic growth?问题1选项A.They fail to convert knowledge into money.B.They do not regard it as their responsibility.C.They still have a p

43、lace among the world leaders.D.They have lost their leading position in many ways.问题2选项A.It masks the fatal weaknesses of government policy.B.It does not rank UK universities in a scientific way.C.It does not reflect the differences among universities.D.It indicates their ineffective use of governme

44、nt resources.问题3选项A.government aid to non-research-oriented universitiesB.compulsory cooperation between universities and industriesC.fair distribution of funding for universities and research institutionsD.concentration of resources in a limited number of universities问题4选项A.Publicize their research

45、 to win international recognition.B.Fully utilize their research to benefit all sectors of society.C.Generously share their facilities with those short of funds.D.Spread their influence among top research institutions.问题5选项A.By establishing more regional technology transfer offices.B.By asking the g

46、overnment to invest in technology transfer researchC.By promoting technology transfer and graduate school education.D.By increasing the efficiency of technology transfer agencies.【答案】第1题:C第2题:C第3题:D第4题:B第5题:C【解析】1.细节事实题。根据文章第三段，“from a relatively weak starting position, the UK now leads on many indi

47、cators of commercialization activity.”，可知英国从一个相对较弱的起点，现在在许多商业化活动的指标上处于领先地位。可判断出在作者看来英国大学的商业化在世界上仍然在世界上有一席之地，处于领先地位。因此选项C符合题意。2.细节事实题。根据文章第四段，“Evidence suggests the UKs position is much stronger than in the recent past and is still showing improvement. But national date, asks the very large variation

48、 in the performance of individual universities.”，可知有证据表明，英国大学的地位比过去要稳定得多，而且仍在改善。但全国数据并没有反映出各所大学存在的巨大差异。因此选项C符合题意。3.词义理解题。根据文章第四段第一句，“the policy interventions of the past decade have helped transform the performance of UK universities.”，可知过去10年的政策干预改变了英国大学，然后在下文提及了各个大学存在巨大的差异。第五段主要对这种分配不平均的现象进行了进一步阐述

49、，这种现象不仅发生在英国，也存在于其他国家。又根据文章第五段，“The effect of policies generating long-term resource concentration have also created a distinctive set of universities which are research-led and commercially active.”，可知政策主导的长期资源集中化也造就了一批独特的大学，它们以研究为主导，并且商业化。可判断出policy interventions就是指资源集中的政策。因此现象D符合题意。4.细节事实题。根据文章第六

50、段，“The core objective for universities which are research-led must be to maximize the impact of their research efforts. These universities should be generating the widest range of social economic and environmental benefits.”，可知以研究为主导的大学的核心目标必须是最大限度地发挥其研究的影响。这些大学应该为社会、经济和环境各方面带来效益。可判断出这些研究型大学应该充分利用他们

51、的研究成果造福于社会。因此选项B符合题意。5.判断推理题。根据文章最后一段，“If there was a greater coordination of technology transfer offices within regions and a simultaneous investment in the scale and functions of our graduate schools, universities could, and should, play a key role in positioning the UK for the next growth cycle.”，可知如果各区域内的技术转移部门更有效的协调，同时加大研究生规模和功能的投资，大学应该能在英国下一轮经济增长中发挥关键作用。可判断出作者认为英国的大学可以通过促进技术转移和投资研究生院教育在经济增长中发挥作用。因此选项C符合题意。20. 问答题I was finally able to convince him of its value. (I finally succeeded)【答案】I finally succeeded in convincing him of its value.