2022年考博英语-宁夏大学考试内容及全真模拟冲刺卷（附带答案与详解）第49期

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1、2022年考博英语-宁夏大学考试内容及全真模拟冲刺卷（附带答案与详解）1. 单选题People from different cultures have different（ ）of the world.问题1选项A.impressionsB.complicationsC.foundationsD.conceptions【答案】A【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项impressions“印象，观感”；B选项complications“并发症”；C选项foundations“基础，房建”；D选项conceptions“怀孕，概念，设想”。句意：来自不同文化的人对世界有不同的（ ）。这句话表达的意思是“

2、不同的人对世界有不同的看法”，因此A选项符合题意。2. 单选题The East and the West can work together for their（ ）benefit and progress.问题1选项A.commonB.mutualC.sameD.cooperative【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项common“普通的；一般的”，B选项mutual“共同的；相互的，彼此的”，C选项same“同样的；一样的”，D选项cooperative“合作的；合作社的”；原句：东西方可以为各自的（ ）利益和进步而共同努力。通过带入A、B、C、D可以发现，句子想要表达的意思是：共同

3、的利益，而mutual是最能体现这个含义的，它有各自为战，却又有共同之处的含义，因此B选项符合题意。3. 单选题The man had a good disguise, but as soon as he spoke he（ ）himself.问题1选项A.exposedB.revealedC.betrayedD.disclosed【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项exposed“暴露，揭露”；B选项revealed“透露，显示”；C选项betrayed“出卖，背叛”；D选项disclosed“公开”。这里考查了固定搭配betray oneself“原形毕露”，句意：这个人伪装得很好，但一

4、说话就（ ）了自己。这里说的是“一说话就暴露了自己”，因此C选项符合题意。4. 单选题The octopus（章鱼）s reputation as a human-killer isnt simply an exaggeration it is a total myth. The octopus can indeed be a deadly hunter, but only of its natural prey. Clams, mussels, crabs, lobsters and an occasional sick or unwary fish have reason to be fr

5、ightened of this multi-armed predator, but a person is much too large to interest even the biggest octopus. Even a giant among octopuses is much smaller than most people imagine. Far from being large enough to engulf （吞下）a submarine, as monster octopuses in movies have been known to do, the largest

6、octopuses, found on the Pacific coast, weigh around 110 pounds and grow to a diameter of no more than ten feet.The hard, parrot-like beak（嘴）of an octopus is not used for attacking deep-sea divers, but for cutting open crabs and lobsters. Indeed, the octopus possesses such a tiny throat that it canno

7、t swallow large pieces of meat. It feeds instead by pouring digestive juices into its victims, and then sucking up the soupy remains. A clam or scallop（扇贝）that finds itself in the grasp of an octopus has only a short time to live. But human beings are perfectly safe. Still, people rarely care to go

8、close enough to these careful creatures to get a good look at them.1.This passage is mainly about（ ）.2.It is implied but not stated in the passage that（ ）.3.Which of the following statements is true?4.The hard beak of the octopus is used for（ ）.5.From the passage, we can conclude that（ ）.问题1选项A.the

9、horrors of the octopusB.the largest octopus in the worldC.octopus and their behaviorD.the octopuss deadly hunting method问题2选项A.people have groundless fears about the octopusB.the octopus is not interested in human beings because they are too large for itC.the octopus is afraid of human beingsD.the o

10、ctopus is a very vicious sea animal问题3选项A.The octopus usually uses its eight tentacles to tear its prey into pieces before eating it up.B.The octopus always catches sick and careless fish.C.The octopus never attacks people.D.The octopus can engulf submarines.问题4选项A.attacking deep-sea diversB.cutting

11、 up large pieces of meatC.cutting open its preyD.defending itself问题5选项A.the octopus is not dangerous to man, as many people believe it to beB.people often fear creatures that are not dangerous to themC.the octopus only hunts its natural preyD.things described in movies are not to be believed【答案】第1题:

12、C第2题:A第3题:C第4题:C第5题:A【解析】1.主旨大意题。C选项是贯穿全文的，文章介绍了章鱼和它们的习性，也解释了人们对章鱼作为人类杀手的误解。消除人们对章鱼的害怕。从全篇文章的第一段的句子The octopus can indeed be a deadly hunter, but only of its natural prey.（章鱼确实是致命的猎手，但只是针对它的自然猎物。）可知文章介绍了章鱼和它们的习性，因此C选项“章鱼和它们的行为”符合题意。A选项在第一段第一句The octopuss reputation as a human-killer isnt simply an e

13、xaggeration it is a total myth.（章鱼作为人类杀手的名声并不仅仅是夸大其词这完全是一个神话。）根据这个我们可以知道，章鱼并不可怕，因此A选项错误；B选项在第一段的第三句but a person is much too large to interest even the biggest octopus（但人太大了，连最大的章鱼都不会感兴趣。）这里只是为了证明章鱼并不会袭击人类，而不是本文的主旨，因此排除；D选项在第一段有提到，但是这也只是一部分内容，并不是全文主旨。2.事实细节题。从最后一段的句子But human beings are perfectly saf

14、e. Still, people rarely care to go close enough to these careful creatures to get a good look at them.（尽管如此，人们还是很少愿意冒险接近这些胆小的生物，好好看一看它们。）可以推断出人们对于章鱼有着莫名的恐惧，因此A选项“人们对章鱼的恐惧是没有根据的”符合题意。B选项在第一段but a person is much too large to interest even the biggest octopus（但人太大了，连最大的章鱼都不会感兴趣），这是文章直接说的，并不是隐晦表达出的，因此B选

15、项错误；C选项是全文都没提及的，排除；D选项原文并没有相关表述，只是在第二段讲了章鱼的捕食方式，而它们是否恶毒我们不得而知。3.推理判断题。定位到第一段but a person is much too large to interest even the biggest octopus（但人太大了，连最大的章鱼都不会感兴趣。）通过这一句话我们知道，章鱼并不会袭击人类，因为人类对于它们来说太大了，因此C选项“章鱼从不攻击人”正确。A选项关于章鱼的捕猎方式在第二段The hard, parrot-like beak of an octopus is not used for attacking d

16、eep-sea divers, but for cutting open crabs and lobsters. Indeed, the octopus possesses such a tiny throat that it cannot swallow large pieces of meat.（章鱼坚硬的鹦鹉喙不是用来攻击深海潜水员的，而是用来割开螃蟹和龙虾的。事实上，章鱼的喉咙非常小，它不能吞下大块的肉。）可以看出章鱼并没有把猎物撕扯开，因此A错误；B选项在第一段Clams, mussels, crabs, lobsters and an occasional sick or unwa

17、ry fish（蛤蜊、贻贝、螃蟹、龙虾，还有偶尔生病或不小心的鱼），它们只是偶尔捕食生病或不小心的鱼类，而不是经常，因此B错误；D选项在第一段Far from being large enough to engulf a submarine（远远没有大到足以吞没一艘潜艇。）因此章鱼并不能吞下一艘潜艇，D选项错误。4.事实细节题。根据关键词定位到第二段The hard, parrot-like beak of an octopus is not used for attacking deep-sea divers, but for cutting open crabs and lobsters（

18、章鱼坚硬的鹦鹉喙不是用来攻击深海潜水员的，而是用来割开螃蟹和龙虾的），而螃蟹和龙虾就是它的食物，因此C选项“剖开猎物”正确，而A选项错误；B和D均未提及，排除。5.推理判断题。定位到最后一段最后一句话But human beings are perfectly safe. Still, people rarely care to go close enough to these careful creatures to get a good look at them.（但人类是绝对安全的。尽管如此，人们还是很少愿意冒险接近这些胆小的生物，好好看一看它们。）可知对人来说，章鱼是没有威胁的；第一段

19、说The octopuss reputation as a human-killer isnt simply an exaggeration（章鱼作为人类杀手的名声并不仅仅是夸大其词），也就是人们认为它们很危险，但是实际上不是，因此A选项“章鱼对人类并不像许多人认为的那样危险”正确。B、C和D原文都没有进行描述，因此排除。5. 单选题Many social problems are caused by the uneven（ ）of wealth.问题1选项A.distributionB.peaceC.justiceD.section【答案】A【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项distributio

20、n“分配，分布”；B选项peace“和平”；C选项justice“公平，公正”；D选项section“部分，部门”。句意：许多社会问题是由财富（ ）不均引起的。这句话要表达的意思是“财富的分配不均导致了社会问题”，因此A选项符合题意。6. 单选题There is supposed to be a safety（ ）which makes it impossible for trains to collide.问题1选项A.applianceB.accessoryC.machineD.mechanism【答案】D【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项appliance“器具，器械”；B选项accessor

21、y“配件，附件”；C选项machine“机器”；D选项mechanism“机制，原理，途径”。句意：应该有一种安全_使火车不可能相撞。这里考查固定搭配safety mechanism“安全机制”，因此D选项符合题意。7. 单选题As peoples living standards improve, the health and beauty business is（ ）with more sophisticated products than ever before.问题1选项A.astonishingB.flourishingC.exaggeratingD.diminishing【答案】B

22、【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项astonishing“令人惊讶的”；B选项flourishing“繁荣的，繁茂的”；C选项exaggerating“夸张的，夸大的”；D选项diminishing“逐渐缩小的，递减的”。句意：随着人们生活水平的提高，健康和美容行业正（ ），产品比以往任何时候都更加精致。这里表达的意思是“美容行业正在繁荣发展”，因此B选项符合题意。8. 单选题The long-term fortunes of the modern economy depend in part on the strength and sustainability of the family, bo

23、th in relation to fertility trends and to marriage trends. This basic, but often overlooked, principle is now at work in the current global economic crisis.The decline of marriage and fertility is one factor in the global economic crisis. That is, one reason that some of the, worlds leading economie

24、sfrom Japan to Italy to Spain to the Euro zone as a wholeare facing fiscal challenges is that their fertility rates have been below replacement levels (2.1 children per woman) for decades. Persistent sub-replacement fertility eventually translates into fewer workers relative to retirees, which puts

25、tremendous strains on public offers and the economy as a whole. Indeed, one recent study finds that almost half the recent run-up in public debt in the West can be attributed to rapid aging over the last decades.Even China may see its sky-high growth “come down to earth in the next few decades as it

26、s work force shrinks” because of its one-child policy, as Carlos Cavalle and I argues in a recent reportThe Sustainable Demographic Dividend. By contrast, a recent Rand study suggests that India will have more favorable demographics than China over the next few decades, insofar as its work force is

27、poised to grow. In fact, the Rand study suggests that India may be able to use this demographic advantage to outpace Chinas economic growth rates by the end of the century. Finally, its not just fertility that matters, its also marriage. At least in the west, children are more likely to acquire the

28、human and social capital they need to thrive in the modern economy when they are raised in an intact, married family. In the U.S., for instance, children are more likely to graduate from high school, complete college and be gainfully employed as young adults if they were raised in an intact, married

29、 family.And around the globe, men are more likely to give their work their fullest effort and attention when they are married; this is one reason men worldwide enjoy “marriage premium” in their income, ranging from about 14 percent (Mexico) to 19 percent (United States) to 35 percent (Russia). So, a

30、t least when it comes to men research suggests that marriage has important implications for worker productivity.The bottom-line message is that what happens in the home does not stay at home rather, the size of families, and their stability and quality, has important implication for the health of th

31、e global economy.1.The main idea of this passage is that（ ）.2.One reason that the worlds leading economies are facing fiscal challenges is that（ ）.3.“.its work force is poised to grow” (Para. 3) probably means（ ）.4.From the passage we know that（ ）.5.According to the passage, all the following can af

32、fect economy EXCEPT（ ）.问题1选项A.暂缺B.both marriage and fertility affect a countrys economyC.marriage has important implications for worker productivityD.India will outpace Chinas economic growth rate by the end of the century问题2选项A.there is a global economic crisis in recent yearsB.there are fewer babi

33、es, and consequently, people spend less on many commoditiesC.people in these countries have fewer children than needed to replace the population for many yearsD.there are tremendous strains on public coffers and the economy as a whole问题3选项A.its work force pauses to growB.its work force continues to

34、grow fastC.its work force continues to grow steadilyD.its work force grows slowly问题4选项A.children from an intact, married family are more likely to have a better lifeB.the more people a country has, the stronger economy it will haveC.the health of the global economy depends entirely on individual fam

35、iliesD.men are likely to work harder when they are going to have children问题5选项A.the size of familiesB.the stability of familiesC.the quality of familiesD.men and women ratio within the families【答案】第1题:B第2题:C第3题:C第4题:A第5题:D【解析】1.主旨大意题。在第二段的第一句话The decline of marriage and fertility is one factor in th

36、e global economic crisis.（婚姻和生育率的下降是全球经济危机的一个因素。）之后的段落也是就这一点进行了具体阐释，因此B选项“婚姻和生育都会影响一个国家的经济”正确。C选项“婚姻对工人的生产力有重要的影响”，与原文不符；D选项“到本世纪末，印度的经济增长率将超过中国”，在原文的第三段In fact, the Rand study suggests that India may be able to use this demographic advantage to outpace Chinas economic growth rates by the end of the

37、 century. （事实上，兰德公司的研究表明，到本世纪末，印度可能会利用这一人口优势超过中国的经济增长速度。）确实有提到，但是并不是文章的主旨。2.推理判断题。根据题干定位到第二段That is, one reason that some of the, worlds leading economiesfrom Japan to Italy to Spain to the Euro zone as a wholeare facing fiscal challenges is that their fertility rates have been below replacement lev

38、els (2.1 children per woman) for decades. （世界主要经济体从日本到意大利，西班牙对欧元区作为一个整体所面临的财政挑战的是，他们的生育率已经低于人口更替水平（平均每个妇女生育2.1个孩子）几十年了。）因此C选项“这些国家的人生育的孩子比替换人口所需的要少的事情持续了多年”正确。A选项“近年来，全球出现了经济危机”，文章没有说这是原因之一；B选项“婴儿越来越少，因此，人们在许多商品上花的钱越来越少”，文章没有提出这个观点；D选项“国库和整个经济都承受着巨大的压力”这也不是财政面临问题的原因。3.语义推测题。首先定位到句子后面说By contrast, a

39、recent Rand study suggests that India will have more favorable demographics than China over the next few decades, insofar as its work force is poised to grow.（相比之下，兰德公司（Rand）最近的一项研究表明，在未来几十年里，印度的人口结构将比中国更有利，因为它的劳动力将继续增长。）根据句子说印度的人口结构更加有利，可以知道他们的劳动力将会继续稳步上升，因此C选项“劳动力持续稳定增长”正确。A选项“它的劳动力暂停增长”不合题意；B选项“它

40、的劳动力继续快速增长”快速是没有提到的；D选项“它的劳动力增长缓慢”与原文不符。4.判断推理题。定位到倒数第三段In the U.S., for instance, children are more likely to graduate from high school, complete college and be gainfully employed as young adults if they were raised in an intact, married family.（例如，在美国，如果孩子在一个完整的已婚家庭中长大，他们更有可能从高中毕业，完成大学学业，并在年轻时获得有收

41、入的工作。）因此A选项“来自完整的已婚家庭的孩子更有可能拥有更好的生活”正确。B选项“一个国家的人口越多，它的经济就会越强”，不符合题意，是要人口结构更好，才会经济发展更快；C选项“全球经济的健康完全取决于单个家庭”，绝对化表达，并且不符合题意；D选项“男人在要孩子的时候可能会更努力工作”，与原文不符，原文是说的“婚后”，并不是“要孩子的时候”。5.判断推理题。根据题干和选项定位到最后一段The bottom-line message is that what happens in the home does not stay at home rather, the size of famil

42、ies, and their stability and quality, has important implication for the health of the global economy.（最重要的信息是，家庭的规模、家庭的稳定性和质量对全球经济的健康有着重要的影响。）因此只有D选项“家庭中的男女比例”是没有提及的。A选项“家庭的规模”；B选项“家庭的稳定性”；C选项“家庭的质量”都是原文提到了的。9. 单选题Unable to defend themselves, some Asian countries were once（ ）the mercy of the imperia

43、list powers.问题1选项A.inB.onC.toD.at【答案】C【解析】考查介词辨析。A选项in“在里”；B选项on“在之上，向，朝”；C选项to“朝，位于”；D选项at“在”。句意：一些亚洲国家由于无法自卫，一度听凭帝国主义列强的摆布。这里考查的是固定搭配on the mercy of“任由摆布，听的指令”，因此C选项符合题意。10. 单选题Music comes in many forms; most countries have a style of their own.（1）the turn of the century when jazz was born, Americ

44、an had no prominent（2）of its own. No one knows exactly when jazz was（3）, or by whom. But it began to be（4）in the early 1900s. Jazz is Americans contribution to（5）music. In contrast to classical music, which（6）formal European traditions, jazz is spontaneous and free-form. It bubbles with energy,（7）th

45、e moods, interests, and emotions of the people. In the 1920s jazz（8）like American. And（34）it does today.The（9）of this music are as interesting as the music（10）. American Negroes, or blacks, as they are called today, were the jazz（11）. They were brought to the Southern states（12）slaves. They were sol

46、d to plantation owners and forced to work long（13）. When a Negro died, his friends and relatives（14）a procession to carry the body to the cemetery. In New Orleans, a band often accompanied the（15）. On the way to the cemetery the band played slow, solemn music suited to the occasion.（16）on the way ho

47、me the mood changed. Spirits lifted. Death had removed one of their（43）, but the living were glad to be alive. The band played（17）music, improvising on both the harmony and the melody of the tunes（18）at the funeral. This music made everyone want to dance. It was an early form of jazz.问题1选项A.ByB.AtC.

48、InD.On问题2选项A.musicB.songC.melodyD.style问题3选项A.discoveredB.actedC.inventedD.designed问题4选项A.noticedB.foundC.listenedD.heard问题5选项A.classicalB.sacredC.popularD.light问题6选项A.formsB.followsC.approachesD.introduces问题7选项A.expressingB.explainingC.exposingD.illustrating问题8选项A.appearedB.feltC.seemedD.sounded问题9

49、选项A.asB.soC.eitherD.neither问题10选项A.originsB.originalsC.discoveriesD.resources问题11选项A.concernedB.itselfC.availableD.oneself问题12选项A.playersB.followersC.fansD.pioneers问题13选项A.forB.asC.withD.by问题14选项A.monthsB.weeksC.hoursD.times问题15选项A.demonstratedB.composedC.hostedD.formed问题16选项A.demonstrationB.process

50、ionC.bodyD.march问题17选项A.EvenB.ThereforeC.FurthermoreD.But问题18选项A.numberB.membersC.bodyD.relations问题19选项A.sadB.solemnC.happyD.funeral问题20选项A.whistledB.sungC.presentedD.showed【答案】第1题:B第2题:D第3题:C第4题:D第5题:C第6题:B第7题:A第8题:D第9题:A第10题:A第11题:B第12题:D第13题:B第14题:C第15题:D第16题:B第17题:D第18题:D第19题:C第20题:C【解析】1.考查介词辨析

51、。A选项By“由，通过”；B选项At“在，在时”；C选项In“在内，进里”；D选项 On“在之上，向”。句意：（ ）时，爵士乐诞生了。at the turn of the century表示的是“在本世纪初”这一具体时间，只有at可以表示一个具体时间，因此B选项正确。2.考查名词辨析。A选项music“音乐”；B选项song“歌曲”；C选项melody“旋律”；D选项style“风格”。句意：在世纪之交爵士乐诞生之时，美国还没有自己的（ ）。根据上文所说的大多数国家都有自己的音乐风格(style)，而美国却没有自己突出的，后面也应该是风格，因此D选项正确。3.考查动词辨析。A选项discove

52、red“发现，找到”；B选项acted“行动，表现，起作用”；C选项invented“发明，创造，虚构”；D选项designed“设计，构思”。句意：没有人确切知道爵士乐是什么时候（ ），或者是由谁（ ）的。本句意为没有人知道爵士乐是什么时候发明的，由谁发明的。因此C选项正确。4.考查动词辨析。A选项noticed“注意到”；B选项found“找到”；C选项listened“听，倾听”；D选项heard“听，听到”。句意：但是它一开始被（ ）是在20世纪初。这里是说爵士乐被听到，所以用heard。listen的意思是“听”，而且句末需要接介词to，A和B两项意思不符。因此D选项正确。5.考查形

53、容词辨析。A选项classical“古典的，经典的”；B选项sacred“神的，神圣的”；C选项popular“受欢迎的”；D选项light“轻的，浅的”。句意：爵士乐是美国人对（ ）音乐的贡献。popular music是指“流行音乐”，与classical music(古典音乐)相对。爵士乐(jazz)是流行音乐的一种，因此C选项符合题意。6.考查动词辨析。A选项forms“构成，组成”；B选项follows“跟随，遵循”；C选项approaches“走进，处理”；D选项introduces“介绍，引进”。句意：与（ ）正式的欧洲传统的古典音乐相比，爵士乐是自发的、自由的。此句意为古典音乐

54、遵循正规的欧洲传统不同。因此B选项符合题意。7.考查动词辨析。A选项expressing“表达，快递”；B选项explaining“解释”；C选项exposing“揭露，揭发”；D选项illustrating“阐述，阐释”。句意：它充满了能量，（ ）人们的情绪、兴趣和情感。只有express可以与后面的宾语moods（情绪）、interests（兴趣）以及emotions（感情）相搭配，表示“表达某种情感”，因此A选项符合题意。8.考查动词辨析。A选项appeared“出现，展现出”；B选项felt“感觉”；C选项seemed“似乎，像是”；D选项sounded“发声，听起来”。句意：在20世

55、纪20年代，爵士乐（ ）美国人。本句意要表达的是在20世纪20年代，爵士乐听起来像是美国风格。只有sound有“听起来”的意思。其他三个词都无此意。因此D选项符合题意。9.考查介词辨析。A选项as“作为，与一样”；B选项so“如此，这么”；C选项either“或者，要么，也”；D选项neither“也不，既不”。句意：在20世纪20年代，爵士乐听起来像美国音乐。而今天它（ ）。本句表达的含义是“就象爵士乐今天的样子”，as意为“正如，就像”，后面接一个句子。因此A选项符合题意。10.考查名词辨析。A选项origins“起源”；B选项originals“原件，原稿”；C选项discoveries

56、“发现，被发现的食物”；D选项resources“资源，物力”。句意：这种音乐的（ ）和音乐本身一样有趣。此处想要表达的意思为“爵士乐的起源”。因此A选项符合题意。11.考查代词辨析。A选项concerned“有关的，关心的”；B选项itself“它自己，它本身”；C选项available“可获得的，可购得的”；D选项oneself“自己，亲自”。句意：这种音乐的起源和音乐（ ）一样有趣。这里想要表达的含义是“音乐的起源和音乐本身一样有趣。”因此B选项符合题意。12.考查名词辨析。A选项players“玩家”；B选项followers“追随者”；C选项fans“粉丝，爱好者”；D选项pione

57、ers“先锋。先驱”。句意：美国的黑人，或者像他们今天所说的黑人，曾经是爵士的（ ）。根据后面的补充得知，这里想表达的意思是“黑人曾经是爵士的先驱”。因此D选项符合题意。13.考查介词辨析。A选项for“给，为了”；B选项as“正如，像一样”；C选项with“和在一起”；D选项by“由，被”。句意：他们（ ）奴隶被带到南方各州。这里表达的意思是“他们被作为奴隶”。因此B选项符合题意。14.考查名词辨析。A选项months“月”；B选项weeks“周”；C选项hours“小时”；D选项times“时间”。句意：他们被卖给种植园主，并被强迫长（ ）工作。long一般不与months和weeks搭配

58、，hours指工作时间，times指次数或倍数，当一段时间讲时是不可数名词，这里表达的句意是“长时间地劳动”。因此C选项符合题意。15.考查动词辨析。A选项demonstrated“证明，展示”；B选项composed“构成，写作”；C选项hosted“主持，当主人”；D选项formed“构成，组成”。句意：当一个黑人死去时，他的朋友和亲戚会（ ）成列队把他的遗体抬到墓地。这里form与procession搭配，意为“形成队列”。因此D选项符合题意。16.考查名词辨析。A选项demonstration“示范，证明”；B选项procession“队伍，行列”；C选项body“主体，团体”；D选项

59、march“行军，进行”。句意：在新奥尔良，经常有一支乐队为（ ）伴奏。上句提到形成队列，本句意为这样的队列经常有一支乐队伴奏。因此B选项符合题意。17.考查连词辨析。A选项Even“甚至是”；B选项Therefore“因此，因为”；C选项Furthermore“此外，而且”；D选项But“但是”。句意：在前往墓地的路上，乐队演奏着适合这种场合的缓慢而庄严的音乐。（ ）在回家的路上，气氛变了。根据两个句子之间明显的转折关系可以判断要选择but。因此D选项符合题意。18.考查名词辨析。A选项number“数字”；B选项members“成员”；C选项body“身体”；D选项relations“亲戚

60、，亲人”。句意：死神带走了他们的一个（ ），但活着的人很高兴自己还活着。由前文可知这些人都是死者的亲属，因此他们被夺走的是亲人。因此D选项符合题意。19.考查形容词辨析。A选项sad“悲伤的，难过的”；B选项solemn“庄严的，严肃的”；C选项happy“开心的，愉悦的”；D选项funeral“丧葬的，出殡的”。句意：乐队演奏了（ ）乐曲，在葬礼上即兴演奏了乐曲的和声和旋律。这里根据上文提到的the band played slow, solemn music（乐队演奏着缓慢而庄严的音乐），但是后面又说了情绪改变了，因此这里应该选择一个开心的，愉悦的词义。因此C选项符合题意。20.考查动词辨

61、析。A选项whistled“吹口哨，鸣汽笛”；B选项sung“歌唱，唱”；C选项presented“体现，展现”；D选项showed“表现出”。句意：乐队演奏了快乐的乐曲，在葬礼上即兴（ ）乐曲的和声和旋律。只有presented才能和improvising相搭配，意为即兴演奏。因此C选项符合题意。11. 单选题The government has devoted a larger slice of its national（ ）to agriculture than most other countries.问题1选项A.resourcesB.potentialC.budgetD.econo

62、my【答案】C【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项resources“资源”；B选项potential“潜力”；C选项budget“预算”；D选项economy“经济”。句意：该国政府投入农业的财政（ ）比其他大多数国家都多。此处表达的意思是“财政预算比其他国家多”，因此C选项符合题意。12. 单选题In Africa HIV and AIDS continue to（ ）the population; nearly 60 percent of those infected are women.问题1选项A.alleviateB.boostC.captureD.ravage【答案】D【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项alleviate“减轻，缓和”；B选项boost“促进，增加”；C选项capture“捕获”；D选项ravag