不规则动词表格现在完成进行时态练习英语过去完成时

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1、定义过去完成时(past perfect)表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作或状态。它表示句子中描述的动作发生在过去的过去基本结构主语+had+过去分词 vpp.(done) 肯定句：主语 +had+过去分词.否定句：主语+had+not+过去分词.一般疑问句：Had+主语+过去分词？肯定回答：Yes,主语+had.否定回答：No,主语+had not .特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词或词组+一般疑问句(Had+主语+过去分词)？基本用法(1)表示在过去某一时刻或动作以前完成了的动作，也可以说过去的时间关于过去的动作。即 过去的过去可以用by, before等介词短语或一个 时间状语从

2、句 来表示,也可以 用一个表示过去的动作来表示，还可能通过上下文来表示。例如： By nine o clock last night, we had got 200 pictures from the spaceship.到昨晚9点钟，我们已经收到 200张飞船发来的图片。(2)表示由过去的某一时刻开始，一直延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态，常和for, since构成的时间状语连用。例如：I had been at the bus stop for 20 minutes when a bus finally came.当车来的时候，我在车站已等了20分钟。He said he had work

3、ed in that factory since 1949.他说自从1949年以来他就在那家工厂工作。(3)叙述过去发生的事情，在已叙述了过去发生的事情后，反过来追述或补述以前发生的动 作时，常使用过去完成时。例如： Mr. Smith died yesterday.He had been a good friend of mine.史密斯先生昨天去世了。他以前是我的好友。I didn t know a thing about the verbs, for I had not studied my lesson.我对动词一无所知，因为我没有好好学习功课。(4)在含有定语从句 的主从复合句中、如

4、果叙述的是过去的事，先发生的动作常用过去完成时。 例如：I returned the book that I had borrowed.我已归还了我借的书。She found the key that she had lost.她丢失的钥匙找到了。(5)过去完成时常常用在told,said,knew,heard,thought等动词后的宾语从句(或间接引语)中，这时从句中的动作发生在主句表示的过去的动作之前。例如：He said that he had known her well.他说他很熟悉她。I thought I had sent the letter a week before.我认

5、为我一星期前就把信寄出去了。(6)状语从句：在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中，发生在前，用过去完成时；发生在后，用一般过去时。如 when,before,after,as soon as,till/until 弓I导的例如： When I woke up, it had already stopped raining. 我醒来时雨已停了。She didn t go to bed until she had finished her work.她直到把工作做完之后才睡觉。注意：如果两个动作紧接着发生，则常常不用过去完成时，特别是在包含before和after的复合句中，因为 这 时从句的动作和主句

6、的动作发生的先后顺序已经非常明确，这时可以用一般 过去时代替过去完成时。学习好资料欢迎下载例如： After he arrived in England, Marx worked hard to improve his English.马克思到达英格兰之后，努力提高他的英语水平。(7)动词think, want, hope, mean, plan, intend等用过去完成时来表示过去未曾实现的想 法，希望，打算或意图等。例如： They had wanted to help but could not get there in time.他们本来打算去帮忙，但没有及时赶到那里。We had

7、hoped to be able to come and see you我们本来希望能来看看你。(8) 过去完成时还可用在hardly when, no sooner than ，It was the first (second, etc) time (that) 等固定句型中。例如： Hardly had he begun to speak when the audience interrupted him.他刚开始演讲，听众就打断了他。No sooner had he arrived than he went away again.他刚到就又走了。It was the third time

8、 that he had been out of work that year.这是他那一年第三次失业了。时间状语 before,when,after,by+,until, once,had no soonerthan , yet, already 等。过去完成时-语法判定1 .由时间状语来判定一般说来，各种 时态都有特定的时间状语。与过去完成时连用的时间状语有：(1 ) by +过去的时间点。如：I had finished reading the novel by nine oclock last night.(2 ) by the end of +过去的时间点。如：We had lear

9、ned over two thousand English words by the end of last term.(3 ) before +过去的时间点。如：They had planted six hundred trees before last Wednesday.2 .由过去的过去”来判定。过去完成时表示 过去的过去”，是指过去某一动作之前已经发生或完成的动作，即动作有 先后关系，动作在前的用过去完成时，在后的用一般过去时。这种用法常出现在：(1 )宾语从句中当宾语从句的主句为一般过去时，且从句的动作先于主句的动作时，从句要用过去完成时。在told, said, knew, he

10、ard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。如：She said that she had seen the film before.(2 )状语从句中在时间、条件、原因、方式等状语从句中，主、从句的动作发生有先后关系，动作在前的， 要用过去完成时，动作在后的要用一般过去时。如：After he had finished his homework, he went to bed.注意：before, after引导的时间状语从句中，由于 before和after本身已表达了动作 的先后关系，若主、从句表示的动作紧密相连，则主、从句都用一般过去时。如：After he closed the do

11、or, he left the classroom.学习好资料欢迎下载(3) 表示意向的动词， 如 hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose 等， 用过 去完成时表示原本，未能”We had hoped that you would come, but you didnt.过去完成时-语法区别一、过去完成时与现在完成时的区别现在完成时表示的动作发生在过去，以现在的时间为基点，但侧重对现在产生的结果或造成的影响，与现在有关，其结构为助动词have (has) +过去分词”；过去完成时则是一个相对的时态，以过去时间为基点，它所表示的动作不仅发

12、生在过去，更强调过去的过去”，只有和过去某时或某动作相比较时，才用到它。比较：I have learned 1000 English words so far.到目前为止我已经学会了1000个英语单词。I had learned 1000 English words till then.到那时为止我已经学会了1000 个英语单词。Im sorry to keep you waiting. 对不起，让你久等了。Oh, not at all. I have been here only a few minutes.没什么，我只等了几分钟。(等”的动作从过去某一时间点持续到现在)二、过去完成时与一般

13、过去时的区别虽然这两种时态都表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，但在使用时应注意以下几点：1 .时间状语不同：过去完成时在时间上强调过去的过去”；而一般过去时只强调过去时间。比较： They had arrived at the station by ten yesterday.They arrived at the station at ten yesterday.2 .在没有明确的过去时间状语作标志时，谓语动词动作发生的时间先后须依据上下文来 判断：先发生的用过去完成时，后发生的则用一般过去时。She was very happy. Her whole family were pleased

14、with her, too. She had just won the first in the composition competition.3 .当两个或两个以上接连发生的动作用and或but连接时，按时间顺序，只需用一般过去时来代替过去完成时；另外，在 before , after , as soon as引导的从句中，由于 这些连词本身已经表示出时间的先后，因此也可以用过去时来代替过去完成时。He entered the room, turned on the light and read an evening paper.过去完成时专项练习一用动词的适当形式填空1. We(pain

15、t) the house before we(move) in.2. That rich old man(make) a will before he(die).3. They(study) the map of the country before they(leave).4. The robbers(run away ) before thepolicemen(arrive).6 . I(turn off) all the lights before I(go) to bed.7 .When I(arrive) at the station, he(leave).8We(learn) ab

16、out 4000 English words by the end of last term.9We were surprised at what she already(do)10 He said he already(give) the book to the teacher.学习好资料欢迎下载11 She told me she（be） to Sanya three times.12I had sold the ticket when she came（改否定旬）二改写句子1She had sung a song to us before she danc e政否定旬）2 .We coo

17、ked the dumplings. We ate them up.（用过去完成时连接两句）3 .Jim s father mended the car. It was broken（用过去完成时连接两句）4 .We had our tests. Then we had a long holiday刖过去完成时连接两句）After we, we5 .He showed us the picture. Then he showed us around the house过去完成时连接两旬 ）Before he, he.1 .Mr Li swimming for 3 hours, and his

18、son an hour ago.A.has been, started B.have started, has startedC.started, started D. Has started, has started2 .-How long you stamps?-Since two years ago.A.have, collect B.have, been collecting C.did, collect D.are, collecting3 .She had a headache because she too long. She ought to shop.A.has been r

19、eading B.had read C.is reading D.read4.The boy TV all the morning.A.has watched B.had watched C.has been watching D.watched5.- have you been learning to swim? -Half a year.A.How long B. How often C.How far D.When6.Our teacher has been teaching in this school for .A.two year and a halfB.two and a hal

20、f yearC.two years and halfD.two and a half years7.He it for two hours, and hes still watching now.A.has been watchedB.watchingC.has been watching D.is watching动词的过去时态和过去分词川原形过去分词汉语be动 词 (ABC)amwasbeen是isarewereAB型cancould/能maymight可以；也许；可能shallshould将要；会；好吗willwould将要；会；愿意；要AAA型costcostcost值（多少钱）；花费

21、cutcutcut切；剪；削；割hithithit打；撞；击中hurthurthurt伤害；受伤；伤人感情letletlet让mustmustmust必须；应当；必定是putputput放；摆readreadread读；朗读setsetset放；安置二shutshutshut关上；封/禁闭；合拢spreadspreadspread延伸；展开AAB型beatbeatbeaten敲打；击打；打赢ABA型becomebecamebecome变得；成为comecamecome来；来到runranrun跑/奔跑；（颜色）褪色ABB型bringbroughtbrought拿来；带来；取来buildbuil

22、tbuilt建筑；建立burnburntburnt燃烧/着火；使烧焦/晒黑buyboughtbought买catchcaughtcaught接/捉住；赶上；染上（疾病）creepcreptcrept爬行（横向的）digdugdug挖（洞、沟等）；掘dreamdreamtdreamt梦；梦想feedfedfed喂（养）；饲（养）feelfeltfelt感觉；觉得；摸；触一fightfoughtfought打架/仗；与打仗findfoundfound找到；发现；感到getgotgot成为；得到；具有；达到hanghunghung悬挂；吊着；把吊起have / hashadhad有；吃/喝；进行/经

23、受hearheardheard听见；听说；得知holdheldheld拿/抱；握住；举行keepkeptkept保持；保存；继续不断laylaidlaid放；搁leadledled领导；带领learnlearntlearnt学；学习；学会leaveleftleft离开；把一留下；剩下lendlentlent借（出）；把借给loselostlost失去；丢失makemademade制造；做；使得meanmeantmeant意思是；意指meetmetmet遇见；见到paypaidpaid付钱；给报酬saysaidsaid说；讲sellsoldsold卖；售sendsentsent打发；派遣；送；邮

24、寄shineshoneshone发光；照耀；杰出；擦亮sitsatsat坐sleepsleptslept睡觉smellsmeltsmelt嗅；闻至发出（气味）spellspeltspelt拼写spendspentspent度过；花费（钱/时间）spillspiltspilt溢出；溅出；洒出spitspatspat吐痰；吐唾沫spoilspoiltspoilt糟蹋；损坏；溺爱standstoodstood站；立；起立；/坐落；经受；持久stickstuckstuck粘住；钉住；坚持sweepsweptswept扫除；扫一teachtaughttaught教书；教telltoldtold告诉；讲述

25、；吩咐thinkthoughtthought想；认为；考虑understandunderstoodunderstood懂得；明白；理解winwonwon获胜；赢得windwoundwound蜿蜒bearboreborn生殖，生育；容忍，忍受beginbeganbegun开始；着手blowblewblown吹；刮风；吹气breakbrokebroken打破；损坏；撕开choosechosechosen选择dodiddone做；干drawdrewdrawn绘画；绘制；拉；拖；提取（金钱）drinkdrankdrunk喝；饮drivedrovedriven驾驶；开（车）；驱赶eatateeaten吃

26、fallfellfallen落（下）；降落；倒flyflewflown（鸟/飞机）飞；（人乘飞机）飞行；（旗子）飘动forgetforgotforgotten忘记；忘掉freezefrozefrozen结冰freezefrozefrozen结冰givegavegiven给；递给；付出；给予gowentgone去；走；变得；通往growgrewgrown生长；发育；种植；变得hidehidhidden把藏起来；隐藏knowknewknown知道；了解；认识；懂得lielaylain躺；卧；平放；位于mistakemistookmistaken弄错rideroderidden骑（马/自行车）；乘车

27、ringrangrung（钟/铃）响；打电话riseroserisen上升；上涨seesawseen看见/至ij;领会；拜会shakeshookshaken（使）动摇；震动showshowedshown给看；出示；显示singsangsung唱；唱歌sinksanksunk下沉；沉没speakspokespoken说；讲；谈话；发言stealstolestolen偷；窃取swimswamswum游泳；游taketooktaken拿；拿走；做；/服（药）；乘坐；花费throwthrewthrown投；掷；扔wakewokewoken醒；醒来；叫醒wearworeworn穿；戴writewrotewritten写；书写；写作；著述