英语国家概况课后习题答案解析

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1、-一、选择题答案在下面I. Choose the one that best pletes each of the following statements. 1. The two main islands of the British Isles are .A. Great Britain and IrelandB. Great Britain and ScotlandC. Great Britain and WalesD. Great Britain andEngland2. is the capital city of Scotland.A. BelfastB. EdinburghC.

2、AberdeenD. Cardiff3. According to a 2005 estimate, Britain now has a population of over million.A. 160B. 600C. 60D. 164. Among the four parts of the United Kingdom, is the smallest.A. EnglandB. ScotlandC. WalesD. Northern Ireland5. Almost a quarter of the British population lives in England.A. north

3、easternB. southeasternC. northwesternD. southwestern6. English belongs to the group of Indo-European family of languages.A. CelticB. Indo-IranianC. GermanicD. Roman7. The introduction of Christianity to Britain added the first element of words to English.A. Danish and FinnishB. Dutch and GermanC. Fr

4、ench and ItalianD. Latin and Greek8. The evolution of Middle English was reinforced by the influence.A. NormanB. DutchC. GermanD. Danish9. Samuel Johnsons dictionary was influential in establishing a standard form of .A. grammarB. handwritingC. spellingD. pronunciation10. At present, nearly of the w

5、orlds population municate in English.A. halfB. a quarterC. one thirdD. one fifth11. The attack on Rome ended the Roman occupation in Britain in 410.A. NormanB. DanishC. CelticD. Germanic12. By the late 7th century, became the dominant religion in England.A. Celtic ChristianityB. Anglo-Sa*on Christia

6、nityC. Germanic ChristianityD. Roman Christianity13. Westminster Abbey was built at the time of .A. St. AugustineB. Edward the ConfessorC. William the ConquerorD. Alfred the Great14. The marked the establishment of feudalism in England.A. Viking invasionB. signing of the Magna CartaC. Norman Conques

7、tD. Adoption of mon law15. The end of the Wars of the Roses led to the rule of .A. the House of ValoisB. the House of YorkC. the House of Tudor D. the House of Lancaster16. The direct cause for the Religious Reformation was King Henry VIIIs effort to .A. divorce his wifeB. break with RomeC. support

8、the ProtestantsD. declare his supreme power over the church17. The English Civil War broke out in 1642 between .A. Protestants and PuritansB. Royalists and ParliamentariansC. nobles and peasantsD. aristocrats and Christians18. was passed after the Glorious Revolution.A. Bill of RightsB. Act of Supre

9、macyC. Provisions of OxfordD. Magna Carta19. The Industrial Revolution was acplished in Britain by the middle of the century.A. 17thB. 18thC. 19thD. 20th20. Britain faced strong challenges in its global imperial dominance by the beginning of the century.A. 17thB. 18thC. 19thD. 20th21. The British go

10、vernment is characterized by a division of powers between three of the following branches with the e*ception of the .A. judiciaryB. legislatureC. monarchyD. e*ecutive22. The importance of the British monarchy can be seen in its effect on .A. passing the billsB. advising the governmentC. political pa

11、rtiesD. public attitude23. As a revising chamber, the House of Lords is e*pected to the House of mons.A. rivalB. plementC. criticizeD. inspect24. British Cabinet works on the principle of .A. collective responsibilityB. individual responsibilityC. defending the collectivismD. defending the individua

12、ls25. The main duty of the British Privy Council is to .A. make decisionsB. give adviceC. pass billsD. supervise the Cabinet26. In Britain, the parliamentary general election is held every years.A. threeB. fourC. fiveD. si*27. has a distinct legal system based on Roman law.A. WalesB. EnglandC. Scotl

13、andD. Northern Ireland28. Generally speaking, the British Parliament operates on a system.A. single-partyB. two-partyC. three-partyD. multi-party29. The policies of the Conservative Party are characterized by pragmatism and .A. government interventionB. nationalization of enterprisesC. social reform

14、D. a belief in individualism30. The Labor Party affected the British society greatly in that it .A. set up the National Health ServiceB. improved public transportationC. abolished the old ta* systemD. enhanced the economic development31. The British economy achieved global dominance by the .A. 1860s

15、B. 1870sC. 1880sD.1890s32. In , the British Parliament passed two important acts to establish a welfare state.A. 1945B. 1946C. 1947D. 194833. The in the early 1970s worsened an already stagnant economy in Britain.A. oil crisisB. high inflation ratesC. large importsD. unemployment problem34. Of the f

16、ollowing practices, does not belong to Thatchers social welfare reform.A. reducing child benefitsB. shortening the unemployment benefits periodC. reducing the unemploymentD. lowering old age pensions35. The Blair government has been successful in all the following aspects e*cept .A. limiting governm

17、ent spendingB. keeping inflation under controlC. reducing unemploymentD. reducing inequality36. Britain has devoted of its land area to agriculture.A. 54%B. 64%C. 74%D.84% 37. Britains important fishing areas include all the following e*cept .A. the North SeaB. the English ChannelC. The sea area aro

18、und IrelandD. The sea area between Britain and Ireland38. Coal mining industry in Britain provides of the energy consumed in the country.A. 1/3B. 1/4C. 1/5D. 2/339. The car industry in Britain in mostly .A. foreign-ownedB. state-ownedC. joint-ventureD. privately-owned40. Of the following sectors in

19、Britain, has e*perienced spectacular growth since the end of Word War II.A. agricultureB. energy industryC. service industryD. manufacturing industry41. In Britain, the division between grammar schools and vocational schools were ended by the introduction of prehensive schools in the .A. 1930sB. 194

20、0sC. 1950sD. 1960s42. About of British children receive primary and secondary education through the independent system.A. 5%B. 6%C. 7%D. 8%43. Partially funded by central government grants, the British universities receive their remaining funds from all the following sources e*cept .A. tuition feesB

21、. loansC. donationsD. corporate contributions44. Of the following, is NOT a basis of admission to Britains universities.A. result in national entrance testB. A-level resultC. an interviewD. school references45. To be admitted to the Open University, one need .A. some educational qualificationsB. no

22、educational qualificationsC. General Certificate of Education-AdvancedD. General National Vocational Qualifications46. Among Britains quality press, the following newspapers are regarded as the Big Three with the e*ception of .A. The TimesB. The GuardianC. The ObserverD. The Daily Telegraph47. Life

23、on Earth is a kind of program produced by the BBC and is popular among 500 million viewers worldwide.A. featureB. dramaC. documentaryD. soap opera48. is Britains top pay television provider.A. BSBB. SkyTVC. BBCD. BSkyB49. Of the following, is NOT a mon feature of all the British holidays.A. families

24、 getting togetherB. friends e*changing good wishesC. friends enjoying each others panyD. families traveling overseas50. The following Christmas traditions are particularly British e*cept .A. Trooping the ColorB. Queens Christmas messageC. Bo*ing DayD. Christmas pantomime51. The most significant achi

25、evement of the English Renaissance is .A. poetryB. dramaC. novelD. pamphlet52. is viewed as Romantic poetrys Declaration of Independence.A. I Wondered Lonely as a CloudB. Don JuanC.Preface to Lyrical BalladsD. Prometheus Unbound53. Of Dickens novels, is considered autobiographical.A. A Tale of Two C

26、itiesB. David CopperfieldC. Oliver TwistD. Great E*pectations54. is a representative of English Critical Realism at the turn of the 19th century.A. Robert Louis StevensonB. John MiltonC. Joseph ConradD. Thomas Hardy55. Of the following statements, is NOT correct in terms of Neo-Romanticism.A. It pre

27、vailed at the end of the 19th century.B. The writers were dissatisfied with the social reality.C. The writers believed in Art for Arts Sake.D. Treasure Islandwas a representative work.56. is NOT included in the modernist group.A. Oscar WildB. Virginia WoolfC. William Butler YeatsD. T. S. Eliot57. Of

28、 the following books, was NOT written by Thomas Hardy.A. Jude the ObscureB. Tess of the DUrbervillesC. Adam BedeD. The Return of the Native58. Of the following statements, is NOT correct about Virginia Woolf.A. She was a central figure of the Bloomsbury Group.B. She e*perimented with stream of consc

29、iousness.C. She was an influential feminist.D. Her masterpiece was The Rainbow.59. Of the following writers, is NOT a Nobel Prize winner.A. Samuel BeckettB. James JoyceC. William GoldingD. V. S. Naipaul60. Waiting for Godot is written by .A. Samuel BeckettB. George OrwellC. William GoldingD.D. H. La

30、wrence61. The United States has states on the continent.A. 50B. 49C. 48D. 3562. The state of is the largest in area of all the states.A. AlaskaB. HawaiiC. Te*asD. Florida63. The U. S. lies in North America, with Canada to the north, Mexico to the south, the Atlantic to its and the Pacific to its .A.

31、 northern, east, westB. central, east, westC. southern, west, eastD. western, east, west64. The largest river in the U. S. is .A. the Missouri RiverB. the Mississippi RiverC. the Ohio RiverD. the Colorado River65. Some of the world famous universities like Harvard, Yale and MIT are located .A. in th

32、e SouthB. along the PacificCoastC. in New EnglandD. in the Midwest66. is located on the U. S.Canadian border between Lake Erie and LakeOntario.A. YellowstoneNational ParkB. The Grand CanyonC. Niagara FallsD. The Great Salt Lake67. The native Alaskan population includes the following e*cept the .A. I

33、ndiansB. EskimosC. AleutsD. Blacks68. The largest minority in the United States is the .A. Pacific IslandersB. BlacksC. Native AmericansD. Asians69. The Immigrants Act of 1924 restricted the further immigration into the United States, particularly from .A. Europe B. Asia C. Africa D. South America70

34、. The characteristic of dominant American culture is .A. English-speaking, northern European, Roman Catholic and middle-classB. English-speaking, western European, Roman Catholic and upper-classC. English-speaking, northern European, Protestant and upper-classD. English-speaking, western European, P

35、rotestant and middle-class71. The first successful English colony in North America was founded at in .A. Jamestown, LouisianaB. Boston, MassachusettsC. Jamestown, VirginiaD. Plymouth, Georgia72. Pilgrim Fathers are a group of who came to America to avoid persecution in England.A. ProtestantsB. Purit

36、ansC. CatholicsD. Christians73. The Seven Years War occurred between the .A. French and American IndiansB. French and SpaniardsC. French and BritishD. British and American Indians74. No ta*ation without representation was the rallying slogan of .A. the settlers of VirginiaB. the people of Pennsylvan

37、iaC. the colonists in New EnglandD. the people of the 13 colonies75. The first shots of the American War of Independence were fired in .A. ConcordB. Le*ingtonC. PhiladelphiaD. Boston76. In May 1775, was held in Philadelphia and began to assume the functions of a national government.A. the First Cont

38、inental CongressB. the Second Continental CongressC. the Boston Tea PartyD. the Congress of Confederation77. Abraham Lincoln issued to grant freedom to all slaves.A. Declaration of IndependenceB. ConstitutionC. Emancipation ProclamationD. Bill of Rights78. The policy of the United States was at the

39、beginning of the two world wars.A. neutralityB. full involvementC. partial involvementD. appeasement79. President applied New Deal to deal with the problems of the Great Depression.A. WilsonB. TrumanC. RooseveltD. Kennedy80. The Vietnam War was a long-time suffering for Americans, and it continued t

40、hroughout the terms of Presidents .A. Johnson, Ni*on and Ford B. Truman, Eisenhower and KennedyC. Kennedy, Johnson and Ni*on D. Eisenhower, Kennedy and Johnson81. The U. S. Constitution came into effect in .A. 1787B. 1789C. 1791D. 179382. The Constitution of the United States.A. gives the most power

41、 to CongressB. gives the most power to the PresidentC. tries to give each branch enough power to balance the othersD. gives the most power to the Supreme Court83. The Bill of Rights .A. defines the rights of Congress and the rights of the PresidentB. guarantees citizens of the United States specific

42、 individual rights and freedomsC. is part of the Declaration of IndependenceD. has no relationship with the Constitution84. The following e*cept are guaranteed in the Bill of Rights.A. freedom of religionB. the right to get into peoples house by policeC. freedom of speech and of pressD. the right to

43、 own ones weapon if one wishes85. All the following e*cept cannot make legislative proposal.A. the SenatorB. the RepresentativeC. the Secretary of StateD. the President86. The following e*cept are all powers of the President.A. vetoing any bills passed by CongressB. appointing federal judges when va

44、cancies occurC. making lawsD. issuing e*ecutive orders87. According to the Constitution, a candidate for President must be .A. at least 35 years oldB. at least a 14 years resident of the United StatesC. born in AmericaD. all of the above88. The terms for a Senator and Representative are and years re

45、spectively.A. two, four B. two, threeC. two, si*D. si*, two89. The Supreme Court is posed of justices.A. si*B. sevenC. eightD. nine90. The President is directly voted into office by .A. all citizens of AmericaB. the citizens over 18 years oldC. electors elected by the votersD. the senators and repre

46、sentatives91. America produces a major portion of the worlds products in the following fields e*cept .A. machineryB. automobilesC. oreD. chemicals92. The modern American economy progressed from to , and eventually, to .A. colonial economy, handcraft economy, industrial economyB. farming economy, han

47、dcraft economy, industrial economyC. colonial economy, farming economy, industrial economyD. handcraft economy, farming economy, industrial economy93. Chartered panies were NOT granted the by the British King or Queen.A. political authorityB. economic rightsC. judicial authorityD. diplomatic authori

48、ty94. The first National Bank of the United States was established with the urge of .A. George WashingtonB. Thomas JeffersonC. Andrew JacksonD. Ale*ander Hamilton95. The following inventions took place during the second industrial revolution e*cept .A. typewriterB. telephoneC. electric lightD. refri

49、gerator96. President Johnson tried to build a Great Society by introducing various programs like the following e*cept .A. MedicareB. Food StampsC. Education Initiatives D. Unemployment Pension97. About of American crops are for e*port.A. halfB. one thirdC. one fourthD. one fifth98. The following sta

50、tements are all true e*cept .A. Agribusinesses reflect the big, corporate nature of many farm enterprises.B. Agribusinesses maintain a balanced trade pattern between agricultural imports and e*ports.C. Agribusinesses range from one-family corporations to multinational firms.D. Agribusinesses include

51、 a variety of farm businesses and structures.99. is not one of the three giants in American automobile industry.A. FordB. General MotorsC. ChryslerD. American Motors100. At present, U. S. e*ports account for of the worlds total.A. 10%B. 15%C. 20%D. 25%101. Formal education in the United States consi

52、sts of , secondary and higher education.A. kindergartenB. publicC. elementaryD. private102. Of the following subjects, are NOT offered to elementary school students.A. mathematics and languagesB. politics and business educationC. science and social studiesD. music and physical education103. Higher e

53、ducation in the United States began with the founding of .A. YaleUniversity B. Harvard UniversityC. Princeton UniversityD. New YorkUniversity104. Of the following, are NOT among the categories of American higher education.A. universities and collegesB. research institutionsC. technical institutionsD

54、. munity colleges105. Of the following, is NOT the responsibility of the board of trustees in U. S. institutions.A. choosing the presidentB. establishing policies for administrators and facultyC. approving budget and other financial projectD. decide which student to enroll106. To get a bachelors deg

55、ree, all undergraduate students are required to do the following e*cept .A. attending lectures and pleting assignmentsB. passing e*aminationsC. working for munitiesD. earning a certain number of credits107. Of the following universities, has NOT cultivated any American President yet.A. Harvard Unive

56、rsityB. Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyC. PrincetonUniversityD. YaleUniversity108. is sold especially to the upper or upper-middle class and it has a reputation for its serious attitude and great bulk.A. The Washington PostB. The New York TimesC.Los Angeles TimesD. New York Daily News109. Of t

57、he following, is NOT among the three major radio and TV networks in America.A. the National Broadcasting System (NBS)B. the Public Broadcasting Service (PBS)C. the Columbia Broadcasting System (CBS)D. the American Broadcasting System (ABS)110. The National Day of the United States falls on .A. June

58、4thB. July 4thC. June 14thD. July 14th111. Of the following writers, are from the Colonial and Revolutionary Periods.A. Benjamin Franklin & Edgar Ellen PoeB. Edgar Ellen Poe & Jonathan EdwardsC. Benjamin Franklin & Jonathan EdwardsD. Edgar Ellen Poe & Washington Irving112. is regarded as the father

59、of American literature.A. James Fennimore CooperB. Ralph Waldo EmersonC. Thomas JeffersonD. WashingtonIrving113. Of the following, is NOT Nathaniel Hawthornes work.A. The Scarlet LetterB. The House of the Seven GablesC. The Marble FaunD. Nature114. Of the following, is considered Herman Melvilles ma

60、sterpiece.A. The Last of the MohicansB. The Legend of Sleepy HollowC. Moby DickD. Daisy Miller115. Of the following, is NOT characteristic of Mark Twains works.A. colloquial speechB. a sense of humorC. a realistic viewD. an idealistic view116. Of the following writers, is NOT included in the group of naturalists.A. Stephen CraneB. Frank NorrisC. Theodore DreiserD. Herman Melville117. F. Scott Fitzgerald