2019高考英语二轮复习专练模块5--Unit1Greatscientists(含解析)

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1、实用精品文献资料分享2019 高考英语二轮复习专练模块 5-U nit 1 Great scie ntists（含解析）模块 5 Un it 1 Great scie ntists1.（北京市中国人民大学附属中学 2018 届高三考前热身英语试题）The young man, in heavy traffic on the way, got home an hour later tha nusual. A. catchi ng B. caught C. hav ing caught D. to be caught 2.（北京市石景山区 2018 届高三 3 月统一测试（一模） 英语试题）Aft

2、er class, the teachercouldn t leave, by the stude nts. A. surro un ded B. to surro und C. was surroun ded D.surrounding 3.（天津市部分区 2018 届高三质量调查（一）英语试 题）Severalof us were asked to attend the meeting, as_below. A. listed B. listing C. to be listed D. having listedA（ 2018?浙 江 A 篇） In 1812, the year Char

3、les Dicke ns was born, there were66 no vels published in Britai n. People had bee n writing novels for a century most experts date the first novel to Robinson Crusoe in 1719 but nobody wan ted to do itprofessi on ally. Thesteam-powered prin ti ngpress was still inits early stages; the literacy （识字）r

4、ate in England was under 50%. Manyworks of ficti on appeared without the n ames of the authors, often withsomething like“By a lady ” .Novels, forthe most part, were looked upon as silly, immoral, or just plain bad. In 1870,whe n Dicke ns died, the world mour ned him as its first professi onal writer

5、and publisher, famous and beloved, who had led an explosion in both thepublication of novels and their readership and whose characters fromOliver Twist toTi ny Tim were held up as moral touchst on es. Today Dicke ns great nessisun challe nged. Removing him from the pan the on （名人堂） of English litera

6、ture would make about as muchsense as the Louvre sell实用精品文献资料分享ing off the Mona Lisa. How did Dicke ns get tothe top? For all the feelings readers attach to stories, literature is a numbersgame, and the test of time is extremely difficult to pass. Some60,000 novelswere published during the Victorian

7、 age, from 1837 to 1901; today a casualreader might be able to name a half-dozen of them. Its partly true that Dickens style of writ ing attracted audie nces from all walks of life. Its partly that hiswritings rode a wave of social, political and scientific progress. But its alsothat he rewrote the

8、culture of literature and put himself at the center. No onewill ever know what mix of tale nt, ambiti on, en ergy and luck made Dicke nssuch a sin gular writer. But as the 200th anni versary of his birth approaches,it ispossible andimporta nt for our own culture to un dersta nd how he madehimself a

9、lasting one. 1. Which of the followingbest describesBritish novels in the 18th century? A. They were difficult to un dersta nd. B.They were popular among the rich. C. They were seen as nearly worthless. D.They were written mostly by women. 2. Dicke ns is compared with the MonaLisa in the text to str

10、ess. A. hisreputation in France B. his interestinmoder n art C. his success in publicati on D. his importa nee in literature 3.What is the authors purpose in writing the text? A. To remembera great writer.B. To introduce an English novel. C. To encourage studies on culture. D. Topromote values of th

11、e Victorian age. B(2018届湖南省高三十四校联考第二次考试英语试题(解析版)Here is a record of the discussion about Al (artificial in telligenee) con ducted by several scie ntists: Scientist A: I would say that we arequite a long way off developing the Al, though Ido think it will happenwithin then ext thirtyor forty years. W

12、ewill probably rema in in con trolof tech no logy and it will help us solve many of the world sproblems. However, no one really knows what will happen if实用精品文献资料分享machines becomemore intelligentthan humans. They mayhelp us,ignore us or destroy us. I tend to believe Al will have a positivein flue nee

13、on our future lives, but whether that is truewill be partly up to us. Scientist B: I have to admit that the potentialconsequences of creating something that can match orgo bey ond huma nin tellige nee frighte n me. Eve n now, scie ntistsare teachi ng computers how to learn on their own. At somepo in

14、t in the nearfuture, their intelligence may well take off and develop at an ever- in creas ingspeed. Huma n beings evolve biologically very slowly and we would bequickly substituted.In the short term, there is the dan ger that robots will take over milli ons ofhuma n jobs, creati ng a large un dercl

15、ass of un employed people. This couldmea n large-scale poverty and social unrest. In the long term machines mightdecide the world would be better without humans . Scientist C: I m amember of the Campaig n to Stop Killer Robots. Forget the movie image of aterrifyi ng Termin ator stamp ing on huma n s

16、kulls （头骨）andthink of what s happening right now: military machines like dron es, gunturrets and sentry robots are already being used to kill with very little huma nin put. The next step will be aut onom ous “ murderbots ” follow ing ordersbut fin ally deciding who to kill on their own. It seems cle

17、ar to me that thiswould be completely unethical and dangerous for humans.We n eed to be very cautious in deed about what we ask mach ines to do. 28.What is Scientist B worried about? A. AI technology will destroy the earth. B.Computers can t think by themselves. C. Robots will take the place of huma

18、ns. D. Huma ns will be un happy without mach in es. 29. What does the underl ined word“this ” in the last paragraph refer to? A. The Campaignto Stop KillerRobots. B. The movie image of a terrify ing Termin ator.C. “Murderbots ” can t decide by themselves. D. “Murderbots ” will beagainst humanS order

19、s. 30. Which statement is CORRECT accord ing to the实用精品文献资料分享record? A. Scie ntist A thinks Al tech no logywill n ever develop. B. The employme nt will be affected by AI tech no logy inthe future. C.“ Murderbots ” will follow theorders of their manu facturers in the wars. D. All the three scie ntist

20、s agreethat AI tech no logy will ben efit huma nbein gs.31. Who agree(s) AI has more n egative aspects tha n positive aspects? A.Scientist A. B. Scientist B. C. Scientists B & C. D. Scientists B & A.(2018 届四川省棠湖中学高三下学期第二次月考英语试题)Why westill n eed to read Dicke ns Walk in to any bookstore, and you can

21、 hardly avoid“ bump ing in to ” Charles Dicke ns. Manyof Dicke ns works still sell welltoday. 36 As some on ewho teaches Dicke ns, the question of why we stillread him is often on my mind. 37 On eday n early 10 years ago, however, whenl was givi ng a lecture, I was telling the students that for Vict

22、orian readers,Dicke ns s writi ng was a“ tun e-i n-n ext- week type of thi ngthat gen erated crazes. 38“ But why should we still read thisstuff? ” th e student asked. The answer I gave was only acceptable,“Because he teaches you how to think,” I said.The questio n anno yed me for years, for years, a

23、nd for years I told myself answers, but n ever with complete satisfacti on. We read Dicke ns because he isnot just a manof his own times, but also a man for our times. We read Dicke nsbecause we can learn from experie nces of his characters almost as easily aswe can learn from our own experie nces.

24、39 But these are not exactly the reason why I read Dicke ns. Mysearch for an an swer con ti nued un til one day atext message came from a stude nt of mine.“ Westill read Dicke ns s no vels, ” she wrote,“ because they tellus why we are what we are. ” Simple as it was, that s theexpla nati on I had so

25、ught for years. Dicke ns shi nes a light on who we are实用精品文献资料分享during the best of times and worst of times. 40 If you have time, go to pick upone of his many novels, read it and enjoy what it has to tell you about yourself.A. Then a hand shot up. B. I know that wasn t really the reason. C. Andtheya

26、re placed on outsta nding shelves. D. That questi on was n ever moretroubling.E. That s why we stillneed to read him today.F. I already know who it is I ll meet in those novels. G. These are all wonderful reas ons to read Dicke ns.(2018?全国卷皿)Im not sure 61 is more frightened,me or thefemale gorilla(

27、大猩猩)that sudde nly appears out of no where.Im walking on a path in the forest in the Central AfricanRepublic. Un expectedly, rm face-to-face with the gorilla, who begi ns screaming at 62 top of her lun gs. That makes her baby scream, and the n a 400-pound male appears. He screams the 63 (loud) of al

28、l. The noise shakes thetrees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me. I quickly lowermyself, ducki ng myhead to avoid 64 (look) directly into hi s eyes so he doesnt feel 65 (challenge).Mynameis Mireya Mayor. rm a 66 (scienee)who studies ani mals such as apes and mon keys. I was search ing

29、_ 67 thesethree western lowla nd gorillas rd bee n observ ing.No one had see n them for hours, and my colleagues and I were worried.When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find 68 (they)alive. True to a gorillas unaggressive nature, the huge animal 69 (mean)meno real harm.

30、He was just say ing: Im king of this forest, and here is yourremin der! Once his message was delivered, he allowed me 70 (stay) andwatch.1.【答案】B【解析】句意：这个年轻人，在路上堵车了，比往常到家晚了一个小时。Be caught in “陷入”，做状语时省掉 be 动词， 表示状态，选 B。考点：考查非谓语动词 2.【答案】A【解析】考 查非谓语作状语。句意：实用精品文献资料分享下课后，老师无法离开，因为被学生们围住 了。分析句子可知，本句是省略句。主从

31、句主语一致，从句的主语省 略，而主语 the teacher 与动词 surround二者是被动关系，be surrounded by意为“被包围”。故要用过去分词作状语，A符合题意。3.【答案】A【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们中 有几个人被要求参加这次会议，如下所列。此处是过去分词做定语， 表示已经过去的事情。故选 A。A【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A【解析】1.推理判断。由题干中的 inthe 18th century将信息定位在第一段的 1719,但是人们当时对英国小说的看法在最后一段 Novels, for the most part, were looked upon as

32、 silly,immoral, or just plain bad，可知当时小说被人们看作是 silly（傻的），immoral （不道德的），or just plain bad（完全是不好的），选项 C 中的 worthless 是这些词的总结，故答案 为 Co 2.推理判断。由题干中的 Mona Lisa 可将信息定位在第二段 最后两句，理解Today Dicke ns great ness is un challe nged.Removin ghim from the pan the on（名人堂）of En glish literature would makeabout as muc

33、h sense as the Louvre selling off theMonaLisa.可知狄更斯的伟大是毫无争议的，要把他从英国文学名人 堂中拿掉就像要把蒙娜丽莎从卢浮宫卖掉一样。所以通过两者进行对比，旨在强调狄更斯在英国文学中的重要地位。故答案为Db 3.写作意图。根据文章最后一句中的 as the 200th anni versary of his birthapproaches, i t is possible and importa nt for our own culture to understa nd how he made himself a last ing one.可

34、知本文是在纪念狄更斯诞辰 200 周年即将到来之际所作，是为了纪念 他对英国文学的不可磨灭的贡献。故答案为代【点评】这是一篇人物传记性质的说明文，把握文章结构和人物传记文章的特点，根据问题确定关键词，对关键词所在文字认真分析研读，注重平时阅读中的推理判断能力的培养。B【答案】28. C 29. D 30. B 31. C【解析】28.推理判断题。根据第三段“ In the short term, there is the dan ger thatrobots will take over milli ons of huma n jobs, creati ng a large un dercla

35、ss of实用精品文献资料分享un employed people. This could mean large- scale poverty and social unrest.”可知科学家 B 担心机器人会代替人类，造成人类失业，贫穷和社会动荡。故选 G 29. 猜测词义题。自主的“杀人机器人”是否服从人类的命令，这将最终决定谁杀死谁。句中 this 指杀人机器人不服从人类命令，这将是非 常不道德和危险的。故选 D。30.细节推理题。根据第三段“ In the short term, there isthe dan ger that robots will take over millio

36、 ns of huma n jobs, creat ing a largeun derclass ofunemployed people. ”可知机器人的发展会代替人类工作，造成人类 失业。故选 B。31.推理判断题。根据第二段“ I tend to believe AI will have a positivein flue nee on our future lives”可知科学家 A 认为人工智能积极因素比消极因素多。第三段“there isthe dan ger that robots will take over milli ons of huma n jobs, creati ng

37、 a largeun derclass of un employed people. This could meanlarge- scale poverty andsocial unrest. ” 第四段 “ It seems clear to me that this would be completelyun ethical anddan gerous for huma ns. Wen eed to be very cautious in deed about what weask machines to do. ”可知科学家 B 和科学家 C 认为人工 智能消极因素比积极因素多。故选 C

38、o【答案】 16-20 CDAGE 【解析】 16.语义理解题。 根据 Walk into any bookstore,and you can hardly avoid“ bumping into ” CharlesDicke ns. Many of Dicke ns works still sell well today.可知这里意思是它们被放在很显眼的书架上，选Co 17.语义理解题。根据 As some on ewhoteaches Dicke ns, the questi on of why westill read himis ofte n on my mi nd.可知这里意思是那个

39、问题不再困扰我，选 Do 18.语义理解题。根据“ But why should we still read this stuff? ”the student asked.可知有一个学生举手提问，选 A。 19. 语义理解题。上文“ W 曰 ead Dicke ns because weca n lear n fromexperiences of his characters almost as easily as we can learn from our own实用精品文献资料分享experiences. ”提到了阅读狄更斯著作的原因，故选 G 20.语义理解题。由Dicke ns shi

40、 nes a light on whoweare dur ing the best of times and wrote oftimes.可知这里意思是那就是为什么我们今天依然要阅读狄更斯著作的原因，选E。【答案】61. which ；62. the ；63. loudest ；64. looking ；65. challenged ；66. scientist ； 67. for ； 68. them； 69. meant;70. to stay【解析】61.考查宾语从句连词的使用，由后面的 meor the femalegorilla 可知表示选择，故答案为 which （哪一个）。62.

41、 考查冠词。at the topof ones lung是固定表达，表示“歇斯底里地叫喊”，故答案为 the。63.考查最高级。根据提示 loud 可知 此处应该用形容词， 通过 the 以及 of all 可以推断此处是在作对比，所以用 loud 的最高级，故答案为 loudest。64.考查非谓语动词。 avoid doing 避免做某事，句意：我低下身子，避免与猩猩眼神接触， 故答案为 looking。65.考查系表结构。feel是系动词，后面通常跟 形容词作表语。根据句意可知作者避免直视大猩猩是为了让它不会感 到在受挑战，故答案为 challenged，受到挑战的。66.考查词形转 换

42、。 根据句意可知作者的身份应是科学家而不是科学， 故答案为 scientist 。67.考查固定搭配。句意：我那时正在寻找一直以来密 切观察的三只西部低地大猩猩。短语 search for 寻找.。故答案 为 foro68.考查代词的使用。作者很高兴发现了三只活着的大猩猩， 作 find 的宾语用 them，故答案为 them。69.考查动词的时态。由上下文可知此处用一般过去时，动词用过去时，故答案为 meant。70. 考查非谓语动词，掌握 allow sb. to do sth.（允许某人做某事），故答案为 to stay。【点评】本文属于记叙文，考查在语境中根据 语法规则对单词进行正确使用。需要考虑词性变化，固定搭配，动词 的各种形式等语法知识。答题时注意上下文所提供的信息。平时要夯 实自身的基本功，加强词汇记忆以及学会灵活词性转换。