B3U5新世纪大学英语系列综合教程3答案

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1、Read and ExploreUnit 5 Health Get StartedListen and RespondOptional Classroom ActivitiesEnhance Your Language Awareness新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程3Unit 5Get Started3Sit in groups of threes or fours and discuss the following questions. What do you usually do to keep fit? What do you think are the criteria o

2、f being healthy? Do you know anything about the body clock? How is it related to our health? 新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程3Unit 5Get Started4Study the following quotes about health. Which quote(s) do you like best? Why? 新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程3Unit 5Get Started5A healthy body is the guest-chamber (房间) of the so

3、ul; a sick, its prison. Francis Bacon Interpretation:Physical health and mental health are closely related. A sick body will certainly affect ones mood, attitude and character, etc. Here, Francis Bacon compares the sick body vividly to a prison which greatly hampers (妨碍) the development of ones spir

4、itual life.Click Picture新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程3Unit 5Get Started6Cheerfulness is the best promoter of health and is as friendly to the mind as to the body. Joseph Addison Interpretation:Moods have great influence on both our physical and mental health. As has been proved in medical science, we are les

5、s vulnerable to illnesses when we are in a cheerful mood. A good mood is the key to mental health. Click Picture新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程3Unit 5Get Started7Money is the most envied, but the least enjoyed. Health is the most enjoyed, but the least envied. Charles Caleb Colton Interpretation:By using four

6、superlatives, Colton points out the paradox of peoples attitudes towards money and health. We tend to envy those who possess more money, but those who possess more money may not feel happy and satisfied. In contrast, we seldom feel envy for those who enjoy good health, for good health can only be en

7、joyed by those who possess it. Click Picture新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程3Unit 5Get Started8Giving is the secret of a healthy life. Not necessarily money, but whatever a man has of encouragement and sympathy and understanding. John D. Rockefeller, Jr Interpretation:As a great philanthropist (慈善家), Rockefelle

8、r Jr. believes that giving and caring for others will bring you a healthy life. What you offer to others may not necessarily be money or material comforts. Spiritual care such as encouragement, sympathy and understanding is equally good and can also serve as the key to a healthy life. Click Picture新

9、世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程3Unit 5Get Started9Watch the following video clip “Fitness” and then complete the tasks that follow:click hereclick here新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程3Unit 5Get Started10Fill in the missing words according to what you hear from the video clip. A body/age assessment is a measurement of your

10、cardiovascular , your strength, your flexibility and your . And it gives you a number which is your fitness age compared to your chronological age. Any fitness evaluation should include some time on a treadmill, to test your and stamina. A complete fitness snapshot adds about 45 minutes to your exam

11、, but leaves you with a new on your well-being.fitnessrisk factorsheart healthperspective_新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程3Unit 5Get Started112. What can we learn from John Humphrey? (Open.)Unit 5Listen and Respond12新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程3AIDS n. U Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome; a very serious disease cause

12、d by a virus which breaks down the bodys natural defences against infection 艾滋病，获得性免疫缺损综合征 HIV n. human immunodeficiency virus; the virus which causes the disease AIDS 人体免疫缺损病毒，艾滋病病毒 infection n. C; U the act or result of infecting, or a disease spread by infecting 传染，感染；传染病Unit 5Listen and Respond1

13、3新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程3ignorant a. not knowing facts or information that you ought to know 无知的 virus n. a living thing even smaller than bacteria which causes infectious disease in the body, in plants, etc. 病毒 cure n. C, U (for) treatment or substance that cures; remedy 常与for连用疗法；药物 Unit 5Listen and

14、Respond14新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程3transmit v. (to) send or pass from one person, place, or thing to another 常与to连用传播，传染 positive a. (of a medical test) showing signs of the presence of a substance or growth （医学试验）阳性的 HIV-positive 艾滋病检查呈阳性的 community n. the people living together and / or united by commo

15、n background, nationality, etc. 团体；社区 Unit 5Listen and Respond15新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程3Choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences according to the information contained in the listening passage. Unit 5Listen and Respond16新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程3 One of the reasons for the annual i

16、ncrease in HIV infections is that _ . A) people show little concern about HIVB) no effective cure for AIDS has been found yetC) people are unaware of the danger of HIV D) there is no way to prevent HIV from spreading Unit 5Listen and Respond17新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程32. The first reason given for AIDS e

17、ducation is _. A) to prevent new infections from taking placeB) to help people know where HIV infections may happenC) to tell people how to protect themselves from HIV and AIDSD) to tell people about the two processes of prevention from HIV infections Unit 5Listen and Respond18新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程33

18、. The second reason for AIDS education is _. A) to curb the HIV infectionB) to ask hospitals to offer more helpC) to improve the quality of life for HIV-positive peopleD) to give financial aid to AIDS patientsUnit 5Listen and Respond19新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程34. The third reason for AIDS education is _.

19、 A) to reduce the fear of HIV and AIDSB) to bring down the death rate of AIDSC) to prevent the spread of HIVD) to protect HIV-positive people or AIDS patients Unit 5Listen and Respond20新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程3A) to explain why we should overcome the fear of AIDSB) to criticize schools for neglecting AI

20、DS education C) to prove that the danger of AIDS has been overstated (夸大) D) to give the reasons for AIDS education 5. The purpose of the passage is _. Unit 5Listen and Respond21新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程3Listen to the recording again and fill in each of the blanks according to what you have heard. Unit 5

21、Listen and Respond22新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程3 A survey in the UK found recently that a third of teenagers thought there was a . So education is important in of HIV. There are TWO processes to prevent new HIV infections: one is to give people about HIV and the other is to teach people how to this informa

22、tion to and it practically. “cure” for AIDSpreventing the spread _act on_put_use_information_Unit 5Listen and Respond23新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程33. HIV positive people need to get and . And they also need to find appropriate and support and help.4. Many people fear those who are HIV-positive. Some extrem

23、e cases can be found in , where AIDS patients .medical services emotional drug suppliespractical _ India_were burned to death_Unit 5Read and Explore Text A24新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程31. Why does the author describe Charles Winget and his wife in the first paragraph? 2. How would behavioral scientists exp

24、lain the differences between Charles Winget and his wife? 3. What are “circadian rhythms” according to Franz Halberg? 4. How does the study of chronobiology benefit people in general?Exercise 1: Answer the following questions with the information contained in Text A.Unit 5Read and Explore Text A25新世

25、纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程35. What approach has been developed to help a person recognize his bodys patterns? 6. How should we arrange our mental and physical work according to the author?7. What tips does chronobiology offer for effective dieting? 8. What tips for sleep problems are offered in the text? Un

26、it 5Read and Explore Text A26新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程3Exercise 2: Text A can be divided into four parts. Now write down the paragraph number(s) of each part and then give the main idea of each part in one or two sentences. Unit 5Read and Explore Text A27新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程3 She was angry, yet the boys

27、father encouraged him to throw sand. PartPara(s).Main IdeaOne1-4Two5-6Three7-17Four18 Our bodies operate with the complexity of clocks. Franz Halberg, a physician-biologist, discovered that there is a 25-hour cycle in the body with the body systems running with regular patterns. Halberg called these

28、 regular patterns “circadian rhythms.” Circadian principles have already been used to schedule astronauts work and it is expected that the work in chronobiology will be applied to increasing our efficiency in daily activities. Taking the given approach to figure out our bodys patterns, we can then t

29、ake advantage of chronobiology techniques to improve our health and productivity in such aspects of life as our daily work, dieting, taking medicine and sleeping. It is important to keep regularity in all aspects of our life and learn to act in synchronization with our bodys natural rhythms. Unit 5R

30、ead and Explore Text A28新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程3 Have you ever wondered why some times each day you achieve greater efficiency than other times, why you are aware more keenly of aches and pains, and why it is easier for you to fall asleep? Actually its all because your bodys time clock is at work. Unit

31、 5Read and Explore Text A29新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程31 As the first rays of sunlight filter over the hills of Californias Silicon Valley, Charles Winget opens his eyes. It is barely 5 a.m., but Winget is raring to go. Meanwhile, his wife pulls up the covers and buries her face under the pillow. “For the

32、past fifteen years,” says Winget, “weve hardly ever gotten up together.” 2 The Wingets situation is not uncommon. Our bodies operate with the complexity of clocks, and like clocks, we all run at slightly different speeds. Winget is a morning person. His wife is not at her best until after nightfall.

33、 Set Your Bodys Time Clock to Work for You Barbara Rowes Unit 5Read and Explore Text A30新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程33 Behavioral scientists long attributed such differences to personal eccentricities or early conditioning. This thinking was challenged in the late 1950s by a theory labeled chronobiology by

34、physician-biologist Franz Halberg. In a Harvard University laboratory, Dr. Halberg found that certain blood cells varied predictably in number, depending on the time of day they weredrawn from the body. The cell count was higher at a given time of day and lower 12 hours later. He also discovered tha

35、t the same patterns could be detected in heart and metabolic rates and body temperature.Unit 5Read and Explore Text A31新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程34 Halbergs explanation: instead of performing at a steady, unchanging rate, our systems function on an approximately 25-hour cycle. Sometimes we are acceleratin

36、g, sometimes slowing down. We achieve peak efficiency for only a limited time each day. Halberg called these regular patterns “circadian rhythms.” 5 Much of the leading work in chronobiology is sponsored today by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Charles Winget, a NASA research phys

37、iologist and authority on circadian rhythms, says that circadian principles have been applied to astronauts work schedules on most of the space-shuttle flights. Unit 5Read and Explore Text A32新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程36 The space-age research has many useful applications here on earth. Chronobiologists c

38、an tell you when to eat and still lose weight, what time of day youre best equipped to handle the toughest challenges, when to go to the dentist with your highest threshold of pain and when to exercise for maximum effect. “Its a biological law of human efficiency: to achieve your best with the least

39、 effort, you have to coordinate the demands of your activities with your biological capacities,” Winget says. Unit 5Read and Explore Text A33新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程37 Circadian patterns can be made to work for you. But you must first learn how to recognize them. Winget and his associates have developed

40、 the following approach to help you figure out your bodys patterns. 8 Take your temperature one hour after getting up in the morning and then again at four-hour intervals throughout the day. Schedule your last reading as close to bedtime as possible. You should have five readings by the end of the d

41、ay. 9 Now add your first, third and fifth readings and record this total. Then add your second and fourth readings and subtract this figure from the first total. That number will be an estimate of your body temperature in the middle of the night. Consider it your sixth reading. Unit 5Read and Explor

42、e Text A34新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程310 Now plot all six readings on graph paper. The variations may seem extremely small only one-tenth of a degree in some cases but they are significant. Youll probably find that your temperature will begin to rise between 3 a. m. and 6 a. m., reaching a peak sometime in

43、 the late morning or early afternoon. By evening the readings start to drop. They will steadily decline, reaching their lowest points at around 2 a.m. 11 Of course, individual variations make all the difference. At what hour is your body temperature on the rise? When does it reach its highest point?

44、 Its lowest? Once you have familiarized yourself with your patterns, you can take advantage of chronobiology techniques to improve your health and productivity. Unit 5Read and Explore Text A35新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程312 We do our best physical work when our rhythms are at their peak. In most people, thi

45、s peak lasts about four hours. Schedule your most demanding activities when your temperature is highest. 13 For mental activities, the timetable is more complicated. Precision tasks, such as mathematical work, are best tackled whenyour temperature is on the rise. For most people, this is at 8 or 9 a

46、.m. By contrast, reading and reflection are better pursued between 2 and 4 p.m., the time when body temperature usually begins to fall.Unit 5Read and Explore Text A36新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程314 Breakfast should be your largest meal of the day for effective dieting. Calories burn faster one hour after we

47、 wake up than they do in the evening. During a six-year research project known as the Army Diet study, Dr. Halberg, chronobiologist Robert Sothern and research associate Erna Halberg monitored the food intake of two groups of men and women. Both ate only one 2000-calorie meal a day, but one group at

48、e their meal at breakfast and the other at dinner. “All the subjects lost weight eating breakfast,” states Sothern. “Those who ate dinner either maintained or gained weight.”Unit 5Read and Explore Text A37新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程315 If foods are processed differently at different times of the day, certa

49、inly caffeine, alcohol and medicines will be too. Aspirin compounds, for example, produce the greatest effect in the morning, between 7 and 8. (So does alcohol.) They are least effective between 6 p.m. and midnight. Caffeine has the most impact around 3 in the afternoon. Charles Walker, Dean of the

50、College of Pharmacy at Florida A & M University, explains, “Stimulants are most effective when you are normally active, and sedatives work best when youre naturally sedate or asleep.” Unit 5Read and Explore Text A38新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程316 Knowing your rhythms can also help you overcome sleep problem

51、s. Consult your body-temperature chart. Your bedtime should coincide with the point at which your temperature is lowest. This is between 11 p.m. and 2 a.m. for most people. 17 Dr. Michael Thorpy of the Sleep-Wake Disorders Center at Montefiore Medical Center in New York City offers other circadian s

52、leep tips: go to bed at the same time every night and get up at the same time every morning, even on weekends. “Irregularity in sleep and waking times is the greatest cause of sleep problems,” Dr. Thorpy says. The best way to recover from a bad nights sleep is simply to resume your normal cycle. Bew

53、are of sleeping pills. “Most sleeping pills wont work for periods longer than two weeks,” warns Dr. Thorpy. And there is real danger of drug accumulation in the blood. Unit 5Read and Explore Text A39新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程318 Knowing your bodys patterns is no guarantee of good health. But what chronobi

54、ology reveals is the importance of regularity in all aspects of your life and of learning to act in synchronization with your bodys natural rhythms. Unit 5Read and Explore Text A40新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程3Work in groups and discuss what one should do to stay healthy. Share your ideas with the class. The

55、 following hints may be of some help.Unit 5Read and Explore Text A41新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程3Suggestions on Staying Healthy1. Physical factors: have a balanced diet; keep a regular sleep-wake pattern; have adequate sleep; do exercise / sports regularly; have regular check-ups, etc. 2. Psychological fact

56、ors: be optimistic; laugh a lot; keep your curiosity alive; be open-minded and keep learning; learn to recognize and manage stress in your life; cultivate some hobbies, etc.3. Social factors: stay in close touch with friends and family; be friendly with people around; be caring and helpful to people

57、 in need; develop social ties; participate in activities you enjoy, etc.Unit 5Read and Explore Text B42新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程3Key Words for Text Bapplause infect contract threat ignorance prejudice isolate heal issueappealUnit 5Read and Explore Text B43新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程3Expressions for Text Bbring

58、sth. to an end at riskset asidemake room forUnit 5Read and Explore Text B44新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程31) What is the meaning of this sentence? 1. I have come tonight to bring our silence to an end. (Para. 1) To act on the proposal I made, I have to break the silence myself tonight. It is time to speak out

59、 the truth about the deadly disease AIDS. 2) Translate this sentence into Chinese.今晚，我来到这儿，打破我们的沉默。今晚，我来到这儿，打破我们的沉默。 Unit 5Read and Explore Text B45新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程31) What is the implied meaning of the italicized part in this sentence? 2. Tonight, I represent an AIDS community whose members cam

60、e reluctantly from every segment of American society. AIDS has become so widespread that those who have been infected come from every part of society. 2) Translate this sentence into Chinese.今晚，我代表的是一个罹患艾滋病的社群。这个社群的成今晚，我代表的是一个罹患艾滋病的社群。这个社群的成员来自美国社会的各个阶层，但都不是自愿加入的。员来自美国社会的各个阶层，但都不是自愿加入的。Unit 5Read an

61、d Explore Text B46新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程31) What is the implied meaning of the italicized part in this sentence? 3. Are you human? And this is the right question: Are you human? (Para. 7) 2) Translate this sentence into Chinese.Realizing This question reveals the essence of the AIDS issue: Since AIDS

62、poses a threat to humankind, every one of us, irrespective of race, age or sex, may contract HIV and become a victim of AIDS for the simplest reason that we are all human.你们是人吗？问得好！你们是人吗？你们是人吗？问得好！你们是人吗？ Unit 5Read and Explore Text B47新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程31) Explain the implied meaning of the senten

63、ce. 4. Because people with HIV have not entered some alien state of being. (Para. 7) Because people with HIV have not turned into some strange kind of creature that is totally different from us. They are just as human as anyone else. We have no reason to practice prejudice against them. 2) Translate

64、 this sentence into Chinese.因为艾滋病病毒的携带者并非变成了某种怪异的生物体。因为艾滋病病毒的携带者并非变成了某种怪异的生物体。 Unit 5Read and Explore Text B48新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程31) Explain the implied meaning of the italicized part of the sentence. 5. Then their children, and yours, may not need to whisper it at all. (Para. 15) Then the future g

65、enerations will face the problem in an honest and frank manner. Only in this way can they deal with the disease effectively and make the world safe and free from this deadly disease. 2) Translate this sentence into Chinese.这样，孩子的孩子以及你们的孩子也许就再也不必悄悄说这样，孩子的孩子以及你们的孩子也许就再也不必悄悄说出出“艾滋病艾滋病”这个字眼儿了。这个字眼儿了。 Un

66、it 5Read and Explore Text B49新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程3What did Fisher ask the Republican Party to do less than three months before the speech was delivered? Why does Mary Fisher, who is HIV-positive, have the courage to address the audience? Unit 5Read and Explore Text B50新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程3What is the brutally clear reality of AIDS? What message is implied in the two paragraphs? Unit 5Read and Explore Text B51新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程3On whose behalf does Fisher speak? What message does Fisher try to