上海市虹口区2020届高三一模考试英语试题(解析版)

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1、高考模拟试卷上海市虹口区2020届高三一模考试英语试题I Grammar and XocabulaiySection ADirections： After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and granmiatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with die proper form of die given word; for die other blanks, use

2、one word that best fits each blank.Innovations that will change the classroomAmerican schools are going high - tech. Many symbols we still associate with classrooms and leaniiiig. likechalkboards, pens, notebooks - even classrooms are quickly becomuig outdated.As tliis week marks The HuSington Posts

3、 10th anniversary, we 11 take a look at some products that 2 (introduce) to classroom in die past decade and have the potential to change die educational landscape ui die years _3 (come).1. Remote LearningSome schools are cutting down on snow days, thanks to teclmology. Rather tliaii giving kids die

4、 day off 4 weather conditions are too dangerous for commuting, these schools are asking students to follow classroom lessons online.Althougli kids 5 (hope) for a snow day may not particularly appreciate these advancements in digital learning, online lessons allow these kids to complete their coursew

5、ork and still interact with peers. Some students witli medical conditions 6 go to school via video conferencing or even with the help of robots enabled with video chat that tliey can control remotely.2. eBooksDiscovery Education has been replacmg traditional textbooks with original techbooks for six

6、 years. Tliese “techbooks can also be switched to Spanish or French, Kinney said, 7 allows some parents who dont speak English to help tlieir kids with their homework.3. Educational GamesIll-class gaming options hate evolved to include more educational options. GlassLab creates educational gamesthat

7、 are now being used in more than 6, 000 classrooms across the country. Teachers get real-tmie updates onstudents， progress as well as suggestions on 8 subjects tliey need to spend more time perfecting.The Internet and other digital tools have some drawbacks. They1 re often distracting,9most developm

8、ents have excitmg implications for the fimire. Over the last 10 years, technological innovationsha*e made education more interactive, umnediate and 10 (personalize), and have shown us the potential formore accessible and eflectn-e classrooms.答案1. theinseh-es 2. have been introduced 3. to come 4. whe

9、n / if5. hoping 6. can 7. which 8. what 9. but 10. personalized语篇解读本文是一篇说明文，介绍了过去十年间一些改变课堂的创新。n题详解考查代词。句意：美国的学校正在向高科技发展，许多我们仍然与教室和学习联系在一起的符号， 如黑板、笔、笔记本一甚至教室本身一正在迅速过时。根据句意可知此处指“它们自己”，用反 身代I司,故1真themselves o上题详解考查时态语态。句意：我们来看看过去十年中引入课堂的一些产品，这些产品有可能在未来 几 年改变教行格局。根据时间状语“in the past decade可知此处强调过去的动作对现在造

10、成 的影 响,用现在完成时，tliat在左语从句中指代先行词some products,与introduce之间是 被动关系，所 以用现在完成时的被动语态，some products是复数，谓语动词也用复数形式，故填hav亡beenintroducedo门题详解考查be to d。结构。句意同上。be to d。表将来，表示“按计划或安排要做或发生的事“，故填tocome o4题详解考查时间/条件状语从句。句意：由于技术的发展，一些学校在雪天减少了教学，如果/当天气状 况对上下班来说太危险，这些学校不会给孩子放一天假，而是要求上学习课堂课程。根拯句意可 知本句可以用if引导条件状语从句，表示“

11、如果“，也可以用when引导时间状语从 句，表示“当的时候，故填when / if.5题详解考查非谓语动词。句意:尽管希望雪天到来的孩子可能并不特别欣赏数字化学习的这些进步，但在 线课程允许这些孩子完成他们的课程，并且仍然与同龄人互动。kids与hope之间是逻借上的主谓 关系，表示主动，用现在分词做后置立语，故填hoping.6题详解考查情态动词。句意：一些有健康问题的学生可以通过视频甚至远程控制的视频聊天机器人来上 学。空后是动词原形，此处需要填情态动词，根据句意可知此处表示“能、可以，故填eaiio7题详解考查非限立性左语从句。句意：Kinney说，这些科技书籍也可以转换成西班牙语或法语

12、，这使得 一些不会说英语的家长可以帮助孩子做作业。此处为菲限立性左语从句，关系词指代整个主句内 容并在从句中做主语，故填which。8题详解考查宾语从句。句意：教师可以实时了解学生的进步情况，并对他们需要花更多时间完善哪些课 程提出建议。此处为宾语从句，从句中的p亡rfecting缺少宾语，故填what,9题详解考查连词。句意：它们往往会分散注意力，但大多数发展对未来都有令人兴奋的影响。根据句意 可知前后是转折关系，故填but。1。题详解考查形容词。句意：在过去的1。年里，技术创新使教有更加互动、即时和个性化，并向我们展示 了更方便和有效的教室的潜力。此处为“make+宾语+宾补”结构，此处用

13、形容词与前而 的more interactive 和immediate并列做宾补,故填personalized.Section BDirections： Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from die box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A- pleasurable B. alteration C. likelihood D. fortunately E. thickmingF. immediate G

14、. physically H. temporary I. shortness J. normalize K. weakenedHow do Cigarettes Affect the Body?Cigarettes arent good for us. But how exactly do cigarettes harm us? Lets look at what happens as theiringredients make their way tlirough our bodies, and how we benefit 11 when we finally give up smokin

15、g.Inside the airways and lungs, smoke increases the 12 of infections as well as long - lasting diseases. Itdoes this by damaging the tiny hair - like tissues wliich keep the ainvays clean. That* s one of the reasons smoking can lead to oxygen loss and 13 of breath.Witlim about 10 seconds, die bloods

16、tream carries a stimulant called nicotine to the brain, creating the 14 sensations which make smoking highly addictive. Nicotine and other chemicals from the cigarette, at die same tune, cause tightness of blood tubes, restrictmg blood flow. These effects on blood tubes lead to 15 of blood tube wall

17、s, increasing the possibility of heart attacks and strokes.Many of die chemicals inside cigarettes can activate dangerous 16 in the body s DNA tliat make cancers form. In fact, about one of every tliree cancer deaths ill the United States is caused by smoking. And its not just lung cancer. Smoknig c

18、an cause cancer m multiple tissues and organs, as well as damaged eyesiglit and 17 bones. It makes it harder for women to get pregnant. And in men. it can cause long-term damages of body functions.But for those who quit smoking, there, s a huge positive upside with almost 18 and long-lastmg physical

19、 benefits. A day after ceasing, heart attack risk begms to decrease as blood pressure and heart rates 19. Lungs become healthier after about one month, witli less coughing. After ten years, die chances of developing fatal lung cancer go down by 50%, probably because die body* s ability to repair DNA

20、 is once again restored.Theres no pomt pretending diis is all easy to achieve. Quitting can lead to anxiety and depression. But fortunately, such efiects are usually 20. Advice and support groups andmoderate intensity exercise also help smokers stay cigarette - free. Thats good news, smce quitting p

21、uts you and your body on the path back to health.答案 J 11. G 12. C 13. 114. A 15. E 16. B 17. K 18. F19. J 20. Hr语篇解读本文是一篇说明文，介绍了吸烟是如何影响我们的健康的。U题详解考查副词。句意：让我们看看当它们的成分进入我们多体时会发生什么，以及当我们最终戒烟 时，我们是如何从身体上受益的。修饰动词benefit用副词，根据“when we finally give up smoking-v 可知此处表示“在身体上”，故填G。12题详解考查名词。句意：在呼吸道和肺部，烟雾增加了感染

22、和长期疾病的可能性。做动词increases的宾 语用 名词，根据of infections as well as long - lasting diseases.”可矢口此处表示 可能性， 故填Co 13题详解考查名词。句意：这就是吸烟导致缺氧和呼吸急促的原因之一。做动词短语lead S的宾语用名 词，根据oxygen loss可知此处表示呼吸急促，shortness of breath表示“呼吸急促，故填Ior 14题详解考查形容词。句意：在大约1。秒钟内，血液中携带一种叫做尼古丁的兴奋剂进入大脑，产生令人 愉悦的感觉，使吸烟非常上瘾。修饰名词 sensations 用形容词，根 whic

23、h make smokmg higlily addictive nf知此处表示令人愉悦的”，故填A。15题详解考查名词。句意：这些对血管的影响会导致血管壁增厚，增加心脏病发作和中风的可能性。做 动诃短语lead to的宾语用名词,根据of blood tube walls, increasing the possibility of heart attacks and strokes. 可知此处表示增厚，故填E。16题详解考查划词。句意：香烟中的许多化学物质会激活人体DNA的危险变化，从而导致癌症的形成。做 动词activate的宾语用需词，根据in the body,s DNA that m

24、ake cancers form，可知此处表示变化， 故填17题详解考查非谓语动词。句意：吸烟会导致多种组织和器官的癌症，以及视力受损和计骼衰弱。分析 句J ,结构并结合句意可知此处需要用非谓语动词做左语修饰斜词bones,根据，damaged eyesight U 1,J aII 此处表示“削弱的，bones与weaken之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，表示被动，用 过去分词做泄语，故填Ko18题详解考查形容词。句意：但对于那些戒烟的人来说，这是一个巨大的、积极的方而，几乎可以立竿 见影地长期受益。修饰名词physical benefits用形容词，根据空后说的戒烟-，天后血压和 心率开 始恢复正常

25、可知此处表示“立即的笃故填F。r 19题详解考查动词。句意：戒烟一天后，随着血压和心率恢复正常，心脏病发作的风险开始降低。此处 缺少动词做谓语，根据heart attack risk begins to decrease，of知此处表示 恢复正常”，故填Jo2。题详解考查形容词。句意：但幸运的是，这种影响通常是暂时的。此处缺少形容词做表语，空前说戒 烟会导致焦虑和抑郁，再根据But fortunately可知此处表示“暂时的“，故填H。II Reading Comprehension1Section ADii ections： For each blank in the following p

26、assage there are four words or phrases marked A, C and D Fillin each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Amazon, com Inc. is checkmg out of China* s fiercely competitive domestic e-coinmerce market. The company toldsellers on Thursday that it would no longer 21 its third - party

27、 online marketplace or provide seller services onits Chinese website, Amazon, cn.22 . domestic companies will no longer be able to sell products to Chinese consumers on its e-comnierceplatform.The decision marks an end to a long 23 by Ainenca s e-coinmerce giants in tlie Chinese market. The firmsent

28、ered die Chinese market witli great attention in tlie early 2000s, only to 24 in the face of competition SoinChinas faster 一 moving Internet giants.Amazon has been in talks to 25 its e-conmierce business for goods nnported into China with a Clmiesecompetitor. NetEase Inc/s Kaola, in a stock - for -

29、stock transaction （父 易）,according to a person familiarwitli the matter. That would remove the Amazon name &om26 e-comnierce iii China. Neitlier company would confirm die progress or details of tliose 27 , nor wouldtliey say if they are contmuiiig.Iii a written statement, Amazon said it remamed _28 t

30、o China through its global stores. Kindle businesses andweb semces. Amazon Cliiiia s president would leaVe to take on another role within the company, the company said.Tlie Cliina consumer - business team will report 29 to the company，s global team.When Amazon first entered China in 2004 with the 30

31、 of Joyo. com, it was thelargest online seller for books, music and video there. Most Chinese consumers were using cash -on - delivery astheir to form of 31 Today. Amazon Cliiiia chiefly caters to customerslookmg for imported international goods such as cosmetics and niilk powder and is a（n）32player

32、 in die booniuig Chinese e-conunerce market.Amazon China conunanded just 6% of gross market volume in die niche （勾日分的）cross - border e-conunercemarket in the fourth quarter of 201 & versus NetEase Kaola s 25%33and the 32% held by Alibaba Group Holding Ltd. s Tniall InternationalChinese consumers are

33、 becoming more fascinated with 34 brands. In 2011, 85% ofChinese consiuners said they would always buy a foreign brand over a domestic one. By 2016, 60% of respondentssaid they preferred domestic over foreign brands. Shaun Rein、 China Market research s founder, said American e1coinmerce giants 35 ob

34、stacles inClima because tliey didnt offered the products or user experiencethat consumerswere looking for.21. A. assist22. A. As a result23. A. criticism24. A. interact25. A. associate26. A. time - consumuig27. A. talks28. A. related29. A. automatically30. A. breakdown31. A. refimd32. A. complicated

35、33. A. share34. A. foreign35. A. dealt withr答案j 2i.c30. C 31. BB. expandB. By contrastB. negotiationB. withdrawB. combineB. long 一 sufferingB. businessesB. accustomedB. directlyB. improvementB. paymentB. criticalB. budgetB. luxuriousB. forgot about22. A23. C24. B32. D33. A34. CC.operateD.tailorC.For

36、 example D. In additionC.stniggle D. resolutionC.splitD.surviveC.exchangeD.supplyC.ever lasting D. consiuner-facingC.competitions D. instructionsC.exposed D. committedC. regularlyD. secretlyC.purchase D. participationC. sponsorshipD. tradeC.original D. insignificantC.volume D. maximumC.domestic D. f

37、ashionableC.got tlirough D. came across25. B 26. D 27. A 28. D 29. B35. D语篇解读本文是一篇说明文，介绍了美国电子商务巨头亚马逊在蓬勃发展的中国电子商务市场上吃瘪，决泄退出竞争激烈的中国市场。21题详解考查动词词义辨析。句意：该公司周四告诉卖家，将不再运营其第三方在线市场，也不再在其 中国网站 Amazon, cn 上提供卖家服务 o A. assist援助；B. expand/广弓长：C. operate 运宫、 操作：D. tailor 订做。空前说亚马逊正在退出竞争激烈的中国市场，因此它告诉卖家将不再 运营第三方在线

38、市场，故C项正确。22题详解考查介词短语辨析。句意：因此，国内企业将无法再通过其电子商务平台向中国消费者销售 产 品。A. As a result 因此：B. By contrast 相比N卜C. For example例如：D. Ill addition此 外。由于亚马 逊宣布不再运营其第三方在线市场，也不再在苴中国网站A上提供卖 家服务，因此国内企业将无法再通过其电子商务平台向中国消费者销售产品，故A项正确。23题详解考查名词词义辨析。句意：这一决宦标志着美国电子商务巨头在中国市场长期斗争的结束。A. criticism 批评：B. negotiation谈判：C. struggle斗争:

39、D. resolution解决。.亚马逊退出竞争 激 烈的中国市场自然是标志着它在中国市场长期斗争的结束，故C项正确。24题详解考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些公司在21世纪初以极大的关注进入中国市场，但在而对中国行 动迅猛的互联网巨头的党争时却退出了（败卜阵来）。A. interact相互作用；B. withdraw退出：C.split离开；D. sun-ive幸存。上文说亚马逊正在退出竞争激烈的中国市场，因此此 处指“退出, 故B项正确。25题详解考查动词词义辨析。句意：据一位知情人士透露，亚马逊一直在与中国竞争对手网易旗下的考 拉海购进行商谈，希望将其进口中国商品的电子商务业务与之合并，进行

40、以股换股交易。A.associate联系;B.combine 联合、合并:C. exchange父换：D supply供应。根据空后的its e-commercebusiness for goods m*orted into China with a Chmese competitor, NetEase Inc/s Kaola. in a stock - for 一 stock transaction，nJ知，亚马逊与竞争对手网易旗下的考拉海购进行商谈，希望将其进口中国商品的 电子商务业务与之合并，进行以股换股交易，故B项正确。26题详解考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这将使亚马逊这个名字从中国面向

41、消费者的电子商务中消失。A.tune - consuming 耗费时间的;B. long - suffering 坚忍的:C. ever - lastmg 永恒的；D. consumer-facing 面向消费者的。根据常识可知，像亚马逊和考拉海购这样的电子商务平台都是而向消费者的，故D项正确。27题详解考查名词词义辨析。句意：两家公司都不愿证实谈判的进展或细肖，也不愿透露谈判是否继 续。A. talks 谈话、谈判；B. businesses 生意：C. competitions 竞争;D. instructions指令。根据上文中 的Amazon has been in talks to可

42、知此处指“谈判，故A项正确。28题详解 考查动词词义辨析。句意：亚马逊在一份书而声明中表示，将继续通过英全球商店、电子 书业务和网络服务致力于中国市场。A.related相美:B. accustomed于：C. exposed接触、尿踞于：D.committed 致力于 o根据空后的to China through its global stores.Kindle busmesses and web services.可知,虽然决宦不再运营第三方在线市场，但亚马逊将继续通过其全球商店、电子书业务和网络服务 致力于中国市场，故D项正确。29题详解考查副词词义辨析。句意：中国消费者业务团队将直接向

43、公司的全球团队汇报。A. automatically 1=1动地：B. directly直接地；C. regularly左期地：D. secretly秘密地。空前说 亚马逊表示，中国总裁将离职，因此中国消费者业务团队将不用通过总裁而直接向公司汇报工作，故B项正确。3。题详解考查名词词义辨析。句意：2004年，亚马逊首次进入中国，收购了卓越网，成为中国最大的在线图书、音乐和视频销售商。A. breakdown分解：B. improvement 改善：C. purchase购头、收购：Dparticipation根据空后的of Joyo. com.it was the largest online

44、 seller for books, music and videothere. 可知，通过收购卓越网，.亚马逊在当时成为了中国最大的 在线图书、音乐和视频销售 商，故C项正确。31题详解考查剑词词义辨析。句意：大多数中国消费者使用货到付款的支付方式。A. refimd退款;B.payment 支付、付款； C. sponsorship赞助；D. trade 父易 o 根据空前的using cash _ on _ delivery 可知此处指“货到付款的支付方式“，故B项正确。32题详解考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如今,“亚马逊中国”主要而向的是那些希望购买化妆品和奶粉 等进口国际商品的客户，在

45、蓬勃发展的中国电子商务市场上扮演的角色无足轻重。A. eomplieated复杂的：B. critical批评的；C. original最初的:D. insignificant无关紧要的。根 拯空后的player ill the booming Cliuiese e-conunerce market.可知，中国的电子商务市场逢 勃发展，“亚马逊中国 的作用 变得无足轻重了，故D项正确。33题详解考杳划词词义辨析。句意：2018年第四季度，亚马逊中国在跨境电商市场的份额仅为6%,而网易考拉海购和阿里巴巴集团旗下天猫国际的份额分别为25%和32加A. share份 额：B. budget 预算；C

46、. vohune音亶D. maximum最大量。根据空前的百分比可知此处指“份额”，故A项正确。34题详解考查形容词词义辨析。句意：中国消费者对国产品牌越来越着迷。A. foreign外国的：B.luxurious奢华的：C. domestic国内的：D. fashionable时尚的。空后说2011年，85%的中国消费者表示，他们总是会购买外国品牌而不是国内品牌，到2016年，60%的受访者表示，他们更喜欢国内品牌，而不 是国外品牌，这说明中国消费者越来越青睐国产品牌，故c项正确。35题详解考查动词短语辨析。句意：中国市场研究公司创始人肖恩雷表示，美国电子商务巨头在中国遇 到障碍，是因为他们

47、没有提供消费者所期待的产品或用户体验。A. dealt with处理：B. forgot about 忘记：C. got tlirougli熬过：D. came across遇到。上文说亚马逊正在退出竞争激 烈的中国市场，这 说明它在中国市场吃瘪，遇到了障碍，故D项正确。点睛本篇第14空难度较大，抓住空后介绍的消费者态度的转变是关键，根据空后的“In 2011, 85% of Chinese consumers said tliey would always buy a foreign brand o*er a domestic one. By 2016. 60% of respondents

48、 said they preferred domestic o*er foreign brands. * nJ 知,2011 年,85%的中国消费者表示, 他们总 是会购买外国品牌而不是国内品牌，到2016年，60%的受访者表示，他们更喜欢国内品牌，而不是 国外品牌，这一数据变化表明中国消费者越来越青睐国产品牌，故C项(domestic)正确。Section BDii ections： Read the following three passages. English passage is followed by several questions or unfinished stateme

49、nts. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read *(A)People worry that developments in Artificial Intelligence, or A. I. , will brmg about a pomt in history when A.I. overtakes Inunan

50、intelligence, leading to an unmiaginable revolution in human affairs. Or they wonder whetlier instead of our controlluig artificial intelligence, it will control us.The situation may not arise for Inuidreds of years to come, but this doesn* t mean we have notlimg to worryabout. On the contrary Tlie

51、A. I. products tliat now exist are improving faster than most people realize and promise to fundamentally transform our world, not always for the bette 匚 They are only tools, not a competingform of intelligence. But they will reshape what work means and how wealth is created.Unlike the Industrial Re

52、volution and the Computer Resolution the A. I. revolution is not taking certamjobs and (eplacing them with other jobs. Instead, it is believed to cause a wide - scale elinimation of jobs - mostly lower 一 paying jobs, but some lugher paying ones, too.This transfbnnation will result in enormous profit

53、s for die con aiues that develop A. I., as well as for thecompanies that adopt it. We are thus facmg two developments that do not sit easily together; enormous wealth concentrated in relatively few hands and enormous munbers of people out of work. What is to be done?Part of tlie answer will involve

54、educating or retraiimig people in tasks A.I. tools arent good at.Artificial intelligence is poorly suited for jobs involving creativity, planning and cross - field* tlmiking. But these skills are typically required by high 一 paying jobs tliat may be hard to retrain displaced workers to do.More promi

55、sing are lower - paying jobs involving the people skills thatA. I. lacks： social workers, barmen, doormen - professions requiring human interaction. But how many barmen does a society really need?The solution to die problem of mass unemployment will involve service jobs of love/ Tliese are jobs tlia

56、tA. I. cannot do, that society needs and tliat give people a sense of puipose. Examples include accompanying an older person to visit a doctor, helpmg at an orphanage and serving as a sponsor at charity organization. The volunteer service jobs of today in other words, may turn into the real jobs of

57、the future.Otlier volunteer jobs may be higher paying and professionaL such as compassionate medial semce providers.In all cases, people will be able to choose to work fewer hours than they do now.36. In what aspect is dieA. I. re*-olution different from the Industrial or the Computer L evolution?A.

58、 The A. I. revolution will finally become one beyond humans control.B. A. I. is believed to lead to a pouit in history when it takes ovei human intelligence.C. Higher - paying jobs will take tlie place of lower-paying ones in the A. I. revolution.D. It may bring about mass unemployment to matter how

59、 much employees are paid.37. The underlined word promising in paragraph 5 is closest ill meaning to A. promotionalB. demandingC. guaranteedD. potential38. What does the author suggest in tlie face of the A. I. revolution?A. It is sensible to encourage people to take volunteer jobs.B. People should b

60、e iiistnicted to do less demanding jobs.C. The problem of job loss can be solved by creatmg lower-paymg jobs.D. Jobs requirmg knowledge in different fields are suitable for displaced workers.39. Which of the following may serve as die best title of die passage?A. The A. I. Revolution Creates New Job

61、 Opportunities.B. Challenges the A. I. Revolution Brmgs to Job Market.C. A Double - edged Swor& the A. I. Revolution.D. Interrelationship benfeen A. I. and Unemployment.答案36. D 37. D 38. A 39. B语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了人工智能革命给就业市场带来的挑战以及应对办法。36题详解细盯理解题。根据第三段中的Inst ead,it is belieAed to cause a wide - scale

62、elimination of jobs - mostlylower 一 paying jobs, but some higher - paying ones, too可知,与工业革命和计算机革 命不同的是，人工智能革命被认为会导致大规模的失业一一大部分是低收入的工作，但也有一些高收入的工 作，故D项正确。37题详解词义猜测题根据画线词前的 Part of the answer will invoke educating or retrauung people in tasksA. I.tools arent good at. Artificial intelligence is poorly

63、suited for jobs involving creativity, plaiinmg and cross 一field tliuiking. But these skills are typically required by higli - paying jobs that may be hard to retrain displaced workers t。do. “nJ知，部分答案将涉及到在人工智能 工具不擅长的任务中对人们进行教育或再 培训，人工智能不适合从事创造性、计划性和“跨 领域思维的工作。但这些技能通常是高薪工 作所需要的，而这些工作可能很难再培训失业工人，因此此处是说更有可能的是薪水较低的工作, 包括A.L缺乏的“人际交往技能“