中考首字母填空练习67篇(共48页)

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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上Passage 7 Once Effendi had a joke with the Prime Minister（首相）. He said the Minister w 1 die the next day. The next day, the Minister really f 2 off the horse and died. When the king h 3 of this, he got angry and sent his men to c 4 Effendi at once. W 5 Effendi came, the king shouted a 6

2、 “Effendi, since you knew when my minister would die, you must also know the date of your own death. Say it out, or youll die today.” Effendi l 7 at the king and answered, “But how can I know? Ill die two days e 8 than you.” The king was a 9 that he would die if he killed Effendi. He thought he must

3、 keep Effendi alive（活着）as long as he could. So he l 10 him go.1. would 2. fell 3. heard 4. catch 5. when 6. angrily 7. looked 8.earlier 9. afraid 10. letPassage 8 Roy Trenton drove a taxi before. A short while ago, however, he b 1 a bus-driver and he feels no sorry about it. He was finding his new w

4、ork far more i 2 . When he was driving along Catford Street recently, he saw two thieves r 3 out of a shop and run towards a waiting car. One of them was carrying a bag f 4 of money. Roy acted quickly and drove the bus straight to the thieves. The one w 5 the money got so afraid that he dropped the

5、bag. As the thieves were trying to get a 6 in their car, Roy drove his bus into the b 7 of it. While the car was moving away, Roy stopped his bus and t 8 the police. The thieves car was badly damaged（损坏）and e 9 to recognize（辨认）. Shortly afterwards, the police stopped the car and both men were c 10 1

6、. became 2.interesting 3. run 4.full 5. with 6.away 7. back 8.telephoned 9. easy 10. caught【解析】本文主要叙述了Roy Trenton用公交车抓贼的事情，整个文章处于过去的基调而且连贯性强。1. 本文首句说明了Roy Trenton的身份，他曾经是出租车司机，但是现在他是一名公交车司机，所以谓语动词表示成为的词，是become，这里填过去时became。2. 本文的提示在前句he feels no sorry about it，说明他转业了之后并不后悔，非常喜欢他的新工作。空2前的far提示了后面肯定填

7、比较级，more也提示了这是一个多音节单词，很容易想到interesting。3. 本题的提示在and之后，因为and连接前后两个并列成分，所以动词应该是一致的，是run，而且从一个商店跑出的动作持续时间很短，所以可以用see sb. do sth.的结构表示看见某人做某事的全程，所以填run。4. 本题考察固定词组搭配，一个包和钱之间的关系应该是塞满钱的包，of提示了“充满的”词组是full of，因此填full。5. 本题考察介词用法，因为后文出现了位于动词got，因此肯定表示为“带着钱的那个贼”，表示“带着、和一起”的介词是with。6. 本题考察的是固定词组搭配，两个贼想要开车逃离，词

8、组是get away，因此填away。7. 词组drive into表示为“打入、撞入”，所以肯定是撞击了汽车的某个部位，b打头的部位很容易想到back，表示为车尾。8. 本题不难，Roy把公交车停下然后打电话通知了警察，所以填telephoned。9. 通过句意理解，因为车尾被撞坏，所以辨认起来非常简单，所以填easy。10. 本题不难，作为文章的结局，肯定是两个贼被抓住了，所以填caught。Passage 9 Now, lets begin our sports report. Heres a really good game, the b 1 one I have seen this

9、year. Its the last five minutes of the g 2 Henry plays football f 3 France. He has the ball now. He p 4 the ball to David. David k 5 it over the heads of the Englishmen towards the goal. But hes too far a 6 ， France and England still have one goal each and there are only two m 7 left of the game. Ju

10、st then an English p 8 gets the ball. He gives it to Bill, “King of the match”. Bill puts the ball into the goal. In the e 9 the English team w 10 .1. best 2. game 3. for 4.passes 5. kicks 6. away 7. minutes 8. player 9. end 10. wins【解析】本篇文章为一场足球解说，而且所有动词都用一般现在时形式。1. 本空的提示在前半句“这真的是一个非常精彩的比赛”，由此可以推导出

11、这是最好的一个，而且I have seen this year也提示出应该用最高级，所以填best。2. 本题不难，前文已经出现过game，此处是词语复现，填game。3. 本空不难，主语是人Henry，结构上来说主谓宾齐全，最后加了一个国家，即可以推断出为了国家而踢球，所以填for。4. 到目前为止，已经看出这是一场足球赛的解说。介词to提示了，这个动词应该是表示方向性的，由此可以想到足球运动中的“传球”，因此填passes。5. 本题考察的是选择正确的动词，既然是踢球，所以动词一定是kick，此处为第三人称，填kicks。6. 此空考察的词组的搭配，从句中可以得出“他离球门太远所以没有进球

12、”，因此填far。7. 本题的关键在于left，解释为“剩余”，推测出是时间剩余，所以填minutes。8. 本题考察的是句子的成分，谓语gets和宾语the ball已经出现，所以此处很明显填主语，既然是足球比赛，肯定是球员得到了球，所以填player。9. 此处很明显表示的是“的最后”，所以填end。10. 作为故事的结果，英国队赢得了比赛，所以填wins。Passage 10 Today people can u 1 the phone to talk with others almost anywhere on the earth. But when you use the phone

13、, you dont see the person you are t 2 with. That may c 3 in the future. Today some people are using a kind of telephone c 4 “Picture phone” or “Vision phone”. W 5 it, two people who are talking can see each other. Picture phones can be useful when you have s 6 to show the person youre calling. They

14、may have other uses in the future. One day you may be able to ring up a l 7 and ask to borrow a book. Then youll be able to read the book right over your picture phone. Or you may be able to go shopping t 8 your picture phone. If you see something in the newspaper that you think you want to buy, you

15、ll go to your phone and call the shop. People at the shop will s 9 you the thing youre interested in right over the phone. Youll be able to shop all over town and n 10 leave your room.1.use 2. talking 3.change 4. called 5.With 6. something 7. librarian 8. through 9. send 10. neednt【解析】本篇文章是对未来电话功能的幻

16、想，同样动词填一般现在时。1. 本空考察词组，“用来做某事”，所以填use。2. 本题不难，通过句意可以得知“打电话的时候你看不到那个和他谈话的人”，所以填talking。3. 本题的关键在于may，表示一种可能性，那么在将来这种情况可能会被改变，所以填change。4. 后面引号中的是电话的名字，所以是“被叫做的电话”，填called。5. 本题的关键在于后半句话，“人们可以在打电话的时候看到对方”，所以是有这种电话才行，填With。6. 通过句意理解，既然叫做“图片电话”，就是可以发送一些东西给朋友看，所以填something。7. 本题的关键在于and之后的部分，ask to borro

17、w a book指的是借书，所以肯定和图书馆有关，那么空7所在的句子解释为“打电话给某人”，所以填librarian。8. 本题考察介词的用法，本句说的是“可以用图片手机来购物”，那么空8解释为“通过某种方式”，填through。9. 本题不难，解释为“商店会把你要的东西送过来”，填send。10. 本题考察的是综合理解，因为图片手机购物很方便，所以人们不需要出家门就能买到东西，填neednt。 Passage 11 Can vegetables be p 1 in winter? Yes, but a greenhouse（温室）must be b 2 first. The greenhou

18、se should be m 3 of glass. A large greenhouse may be ten metres l 4 three metres w 5 and two meters high. The sunshine can r 6 the vegetables t 7 the glass. The wind and cold air can be s 8 from getting in. The air inside the greenhouse is always w 9 .More and more greenhouses are b 10 built all ove

19、r the world. All kinds of vegetables can be brought onto our dinner tables in winter.1. planted 2. built 3. made 4. long 5. wide 6. reach 7. through 8. stopped 9. warm 10. being【解析】本篇描述了蔬菜在温室中生长的相关事宜，整体难度不大，多以被动为主。1. 本空不难，首先可以确定为被动语态，再看主语为vegetables，马上想到种植，所以填planted。2. 本句同样是被动语态，主语为greenhouse，是一个建筑

20、，要种植蔬菜肯定要先有建筑，所以填built。3. 本题考察固定词组搭配，由组成的词组是be made of。4. 第四题开始描述温室的尺寸，有10米长，所以填long。5. 第五题说的是温室的宽，所以填wide。6. 本题稍有难度，既然是在温室中种植，而且温室是由草组成的，所以和阳光可以有直接的接触，所以阳光可以到达、接触到蔬菜，填reach。7. 本题考察介词，通过文意，可以得出阳光是通过草接触到了蔬菜，所以填through。8. 本题考察固定词组搭配及语态，通过文意可得知风和冷空气无法进入温室，又有介词from，即风课冷空气被停止进入，所以填stopped。9. 本题不难，既然是在温室里

21、生长，而且风和冷空气无法进入，所以里面的空气一定很温暖，填warm。10. 本题考察的被动语态的结构。are built已经是被动语态，那么变成现在进行时的被动语态只要填being即可。Passage 12 Traveling to all countries of the world gets easier and easier, but how well do we know and u 1 each other? Here is a simple test. Imagine(设想) you will hold a m 2 at four oclock, what time should

22、you e 3 your foreign business friends to come? If they are German, they will a 4 on time. If they are American, theyll probably be fifteen minutes early. If they are British, theyll be fifteen minutes late. The British seemed to think since the English l 5 was widely used in the world, what they did

23、 was certain to be widely understood. Very soon they f 6 they were completely(完全地) wrong. For e 7 , the British are happy to have a business lunch and discuss business matters with a drink during the meal; the Japanese p 8 not to work while eating. Lunch is a time for them to relax and get to know e

24、 9 other, and they dont drink at lunch. The Germans like to talk about business b 10 dinner; the French like to eat first and talk afterwards. They have to be well fed and watered before they discuss anything.1. understand 2. meeting 3. expect 4. arrive 5. language 6. found 7.example 8. prefer 9. ea

25、ch 10. before【解析】本文主要说明了各国不同的文化和习惯方式。1. 本题的逻辑词在于and，既然是表示并列，表示所填词和know应该属于一个性质，因此不难想到understand。2. 本题的提示在于空3后的business，既然是business，和空2能相对应的就是hold ameeting，因此填meeting。3. 本题考察的是词组搭配。文章提出了“如果你举办一次会议，你想你的伙伴什么时候到？”的问题，动词不定式to come提示了应该用expect，表示期待某人做某事。4. 本题不难，解释为到达，填arrive。5. 本题不难，通过后文was widely used in

26、 the world可以推测出是语言，所以填language。6. 本题不难，通过文意得意得知很快他们就发现他们错了，唯一要注意的就是这里用的是过去时，所以填found。7. 本题不难，考察固定词组搭配，for example。8. 本题的提示是前句中的happy to have，英国人喜欢这个方式，那么相对的，日本人就不太喜欢吃饭的时候工作，所以填prefer，表示偏向于。9. 本题考察词组搭配，互相为each other。10. 本题的提示在后句的eat first and talk afterwards，说明空10填的是表示时间顺序的词，那么和talkafterwards相对，空10填b

27、efore。本帖最后由 larine11 于 2013-1-10 22:35 编辑Passage 13 Do you k 1 robots? There are a l 2 of robots in the world now. Some of the robots can walk, sing and dance. Some can talk w 3 people. Most of them can do heavy work. In a few m 4 years, a robot will be able to d 5 a car, a train, a ship or a p 6 .

28、In a hospital, a restaurant or a shop, we m 7 see a robot at work. By then, we need n 8 do the cooking or go shopping ourselves. We just give orders(命令) to a robot and it will do a 9 the housework. A robot will be our good f 10 . .1.know 2. lot 3. with 4. more 5. drive 6. plane 7. may 8.not 9. all 1

29、0. friend【解析】本片文章主要围绕机器人展开，为一般叙述，故动词时态为一般现在时，本篇文章整体难度不大。1. 文章首句用一般疑问句开头，引起读者的兴趣，通常都会以“你是否知道/了解”开篇，故填know。2. 本题考察固定词组搭配，为a lot of。3. 本题考察固定词组搭配，与某人谈话的词组是talk with sb.，故填with。4. 本题的关键在后句的will be able to，既然后句中用了将来时的表达，说明空4的时间状语应该是表示将来时，所以填more，in a few more years指“在以后的更多年里”。5. 本题考察动词搭配，宾语是a car，马上想到驾驶车

30、辆，填drive。6. 本题难度不大，文章在说明机器人以后可以驾驶的交通工具，所以填plane。7. 本题考察情态动词的用法，根据文意“在医院、饭店或商店，我们可能会看到一个机器人在工作”，表示可能，用may。8. 本句是前文的延伸，既然机器人可以做很多事情，那么人们自己就不再需要去做饭或购物，所以填not。9. 本题考察文章的理解。我们发出命令之后，机器人就能为我们打扫家务。所以空9是一个修饰housework的词，通过文意得知，机器人可以做很多事情，所以它们能帮人完成所有的家务，填all。10. 本题不难，一个机器人可以成为我们的好朋友，填friend。Passage 14 Last Ma

31、y I stayed in Santo Lusa for a week. That was my f 1 trip there. One morning I s 2 out to visit a famous museum, but I didnt know w 3 way to go, so I stopped a stranger and asked, “Excuse me, does this street lead to the Grand Museum?” “Yes,” he answered. “Go along this street and turn left at the s

32、econd crossing. You cant m 4 it”. So I w 5 two blocks and turned to my left, but the museum w 6 there. Then I asked a second stranger. He said, “Go along this street and turn left at the second crossing.” But a 7 I couldnt find the museum. I asked a third stranger and he said the same thing. This ti

33、me I found the Grand Museum. Just then s 8 walked up and said. “Excuse me. Wheres the nearest b 9 ?” I answered q 10 , “Go along this street and turn left at the second crossing!”1. first 2. started 3. which 4.miss 5. walked 6.wasnt 7. again 8. somebody/someone 9. bus-stop/bookstore/bar 10.quickly【解

34、析】本文描述了作者在圣路撒旅游的有趣的经历，所以动词时态为过去时。1. 本题不难，不难想到这是作者第一次去圣路撒旅游，填first。2. 通过文意，本空应该表示出发，故填started，词组start out表示出发。3. 本题考察宾语从句的引导词，不知道哪一条路走，所以用which引导。4. 本题为理解题。通过理解，第一个路人给作者指路，强调不能走错，所以填miss。5. 本题的提示在于blocks（街区），动词就是走过，所以填walked。6. 本题的关键在于转折连词but，说明but后为转折说明，尽管作者是按照路人指的路走的，但是并没有找到博物馆，所以填wasnt。7. 本题的提示词同样

35、是转折连词but，尽管第二个路人也是这样指路的，作者也是这样走的，但是第二次还是没有找到，所以填again。8. 通过后文可以得知，第三个人并不是作者去问他路，而是他来向作者问路，所以是某个人过来问路，填someone或者somebody。9. 本空是多选题，文章中并没有直接的线索说明他要去什么地方，所以只要b打头表示公共地点的词都可以，bus-stop/bookstore/bar都可以。10. 本题是理解题，通过两次问路可以得知，两位路人指的路是完全一样的，所以作者也学会了这样给别人指路，所以他很快就回答了他，填quickly。Passage 15 More and more people

36、are l 1 the life with computers. Using computers you can send E-mail q 2 and easily. You are able to send a letter with pictures and sounds to someone, a 3 in the world without putting a stamp. E-mail can send its message to the other side of the world i 4 seconds. E-mail is easy to use and it s 5 t

37、ime and money. It serves(服务) for twenty-four hours. So it doesnt matter if your friends are in bed when you send E-mail to them, or you are seeing a film at the cinema when they send E-mail b 6 . Can you imagine(想象) the future without teachers b 7 computers? Students will teach themselves in the sch

38、ools of the future. Computers help students develop their own ways of l 8 . Students will follow the learning programmes by looking at online libraries and w 9 lessons by world-class teachers. If they dont understand something, they will ask other students o 10 or E-mail their teachers. Computers ar

39、e becoming more and more popular indeed.1.living 2. quickly 3.anywhere 4. in 5. saves 6. back 7. but 8. learning 9. watching 10. online【解析】本文主要描述了电脑的作用和电脑的将来，整体难度不大，动词时态为现在时。1. 本题难度不大，现在越来越多的人过着有电脑的生活，所以填living。2. 本空的提示是easily，用电脑发送邮件又方便又快捷，所以填quickly，两词都是形容好的词。3. 本题的关键在without putting astamp，要贴邮票肯定

40、要把信寄到某个地方，但是用电脑发送图片或者声音却不需要邮票，而且可以寄到任何一个地方，所以填anywhere。4. 本题考察的是介词的用法，seconds解释为“秒”，在几面里面就可以寄出去，所以介词填in。5. 本题不难，说的是用电脑发邮件的优势，除了使用方便，还节约了很多时间，所以填saves。6. 本题的关键在于两句话的对比，yourfriends are in bed和you are seeing a film at the cinema，分别说了你发送邮件时你朋友的状态和朋友回复你的状态，那么回复邮件就是把邮件寄回来，所以填back。7. 本题的关键在于后句students will

41、teach temselves，自己学习就不需要老师，而是电脑帮助学生自己学习，所以填but。8. 本题不难，既然students willteach temselves，说明电脑会帮助学生形成自己的学习方法，所以填learning。9. 本题的提示在于online和world-class teachers，两者都是在网上得到的，所以是在网上观看上课，所以选watch，因为空9和looking都是由by引导的方式，所以形式保持一致，填watching。10. 本题不难，此空前文已经出现，填online。Passage 16 Wang Yani was born in 1975 in Guang

42、dong, China. A 1 a baby, she loved to draw. She drew lines everywhere. She e 2 drew on the walls! Her father was an artist. Yani wanted to be like h 3 . So she tried to stand like her father w 4 she painted. This made him laugh. One day, she d 5 lines on his painting. She was only two and a half yea

43、rs o 6 , but her father got angry. She cried and said, “I want to paint like you!” T 7 her father thought about his own childhood. He also wanted to draw and paint. But his parents c 8 understand him. They just got angry. He decided to help his daughter b 9 an artist. Wang Yani was famous at a young

44、 age, b 10 she still has a normal(常人的) life. So the Wang family lives like everyone else.1. As 2.even 3. him 4. when 5. drew 6. old 7. Then 8. couldnt 9.become 10. but【解析】本篇文章的主人公是Wang Yani，记叙了她小时候的事情。1. 本题不难，她是个孩子的时候就很喜欢画画，所以填As，表示“当”。2. 本句是对前句的补充说明，她哪里都画画，连墙上都花，所以填even，表示“甚至”。3. 本题考察人称代词的用法，Yani很想

45、像她父亲那样，所以用him指代她的父亲。4. 本句是对前一句的补充说明，Yani尽量在画画时像她父亲那样，所以填when。5. 本题考察动词的用法，在第三句用法已经出现，画线的动词用drew。6. 本题不难，几岁用years old表示，所以填old。7. 本题表示一种递进关系，听了Yani的话后，她的父亲仔细想了想，填Then。8. 本题的关键词在but，表示转折，尽管她的父亲小时候很想画画，但是他的父母并不理解他，所以填couldnt。9. 因为考虑到了自己小时候的遭遇，所以她的父亲一定要让Yani成为一名艺术家，填become。10. 本题考察的是连词的用法，两句话同样是转折的关系，所以

46、填but。Passage 17Dear Editor, I used to be a doctor in the childrens department of a local h 1 . Sometimes I treated children w 2 have been poisoned(中毒) by medicine for older family members. The children can easily o 3 the bottle that we now use in China. Some days ago I talked about medicine w 4 an A

47、merican. He showed m 5 a plastic pill bottle that is “Childproof”(防儿童的). The design was s 6 simple that Im sure our Chinese factories could produce these b 7 easily. The top of the bottle locks, but can be o 8 by pressing down on it while turning. This is d 9 for most young children to do, b 10 adul

48、ts can open them without any difficulty. Im sure that the expense of making such tops would be very low. As a doctor, Id love to see this done. And most parents would be grateful.1. hospital 2.who 3. open 4. with 5. me 6.so 7. bottles 8. opened 9.difficult 10. but【解析】本篇是以信件的形式出现，主要记叙了防儿童打开的药瓶。1. 本题的

49、提示在后文的treated解释为“治疗”，那么肯定是在医院治疗，所以填hospital。2. 本题不难看出是一句定语从句，先行词为children，所以引导词填who。3. 本空应该填动词，宾语为瓶子，所以应该是开瓶子，填open。4. 本题考察词组搭配，与某人谈话的词组是talk with。5. 因为两人谈话，所以他给我看了药瓶，填me。6. 本题的关键在that，空6和that见是形容词simple，不难想到“如此简单以至于”，所以填so。7. 本题不难，说的是中国工厂能过非常容易地生产这些瓶子，所以填bottles。8. 本题理解了就不难，说的是在瓶子的顶端有锁，只能通过按压才能打开，所

50、以填opened。9. 既然是防止儿童打开，所以对于儿童来说肯定很困难，填difficult。10. 本题考察连词，前句说的是儿童很难打开，后句说的是成年人很容易打开，所以表示转折，填but。Passage 18 Climbing a mountain is hard work. But one step after another finally brings a person to the t 1 . Along the way, he can stop and look a 2 . And the h 3 he climbs, the more wonderful his view(视野

51、) is. If he keeps climbing, he will have a new world before him. He will have a new way of t 4 everything. Now learning a f 5 language is something like climbing a mountain. This new language can give you a new view of life. And it is more than a look at the surface(表面) of things. It can open the wa

52、y into peoples minds and hearts, into a culture(文化) very d 6 from the one of your own. This will make you richer, e 7 in things that money cant buy. Even though you never set foot on a ship or a plane, you can be an armchair w 8 through books. Like the mountain climber who stops now and then to l 9

53、at the scenery around him, everyone who is interested in reading will find p 10 in books as he fights on to learn more and more of that new language.1. top 2. around 3. higher 4. thinking 5.foreign 6. different 7. even 8.walking 9. look 10. pleasure【解析】本篇文章通过爬山，引出了学习的乐趣，有难度。1. 本题的提示在finally，既然是爬山，最终

54、到达的就是山顶，所以填top。2. 本题考察词组搭配，填around，解释为“四处观望”。3. 本题的提示在more wonderful，所以想到“the+比较级，the+比较级”的结构，那么通过常识，肯定是爬得越高，欣赏到的景色就越好，所以填higher。4. 本题不难，说的是一个人会有新的思考方式，所以填thinking。5. 本题的提示在于后文的this new language，既然是新语言，所以是外语，填foreign。6. 本题考察词组搭配，关键词the one of your own也提示了两者肯定不同，与不同的词组是differentfrom。7. 本题较难，这些会让你变得富有

55、，甚至得到一些钱买不到的东西，所以填even。8. 本题较难，armchair解释为扶手椅，set footon解释为踏上、进入，本句话的意思是及时你从未坐过船或飞机，你也可以在扶手椅上在书中遨游，所以这里填walking。9. 本题不难，look at解释为“看着”。10. 本篇文章主要说明的就是学习的乐趣，在总结段中的本空体现出来，所以乐趣用pleasure表示。Passage 19 Most people want to work, but it has become m 1 difficult in todays world to find work for e 2 . The eco

56、nomies(经济)of the world n 3 to grow by 4% each year just to keep the old number of jobs for people. Often this is not p 4 and so more people are w 5 work. Some people have no jobs now because new machines can d 6 the work of many people in a shorter time. Also, machines dont ask for more money and l

57、7 holidays. In all of the countries of the world machines are taking work from people, not only in factories but also on f8 .One machine can often do the work of forty people. About 75000 people are m 9 to the cities a day to look for jobs, but o 10 70% of them can find jobs.1. more 2. everybody/eve

58、ryone 3. need 4. possible 5. without 6. do 7. longer 8. farms 9. moving 10. only【解析】本篇文章主要讨论了找工作的困难，时态用一般现在时。1. 本题的关键词在于but，既然表示转折，说明找工作已经成为一个很大的问题，越来越困难，所以填more。2. 本题与开头的most people相对，大多数人都要工作，但是找工作越来越困难，所以对于每个人来说对很困难，天everybody或everyone。3. 本题较难，关键在于理解句子的意思。本句的意思是世界经济每年增长4%才能保证人们的工作数量，应该填一个逻辑词，选择ne

59、ed，表示需要。4. 本题同样要理解句子的意思。虽然有每年增长4%的形势，但是这样仍然没有用，所以填possible。5. 本题的逻辑词是and，表示并列，可以说是前半句话的递进，所以填without，表示人们没有工作。6. 本题不难，指的是一些新的机器可以为人类做许多工作，填do。7. 本题的提示词在于more，虽然机器可以做很多事，但是它们并不会要求更多的钱和假期，所以and连接了并列的两者，所以填longer。8. 本题的关键介词在on，与on搭配的地点，可以想到farms。9. 本题的关键提示词在于to look for jobs，他们去城市的目的是找工作，所以有移动的动作发生，填moving。10. 本题的but同样引