初中英语 现在完成时教案

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1、One To One 授 课 教 案年级：初三 课程： 英语 教师 ：吴宜花 日期：2015/12/3课题名称现在完成时教学目标通过对现在完成时的讲解使学生掌握现在完成时的主要知识点和考点。能够运用所学技巧和方法应对中考。授课类型理论课教学重点掌握现在完成时的句型结构，时间状语。教学难点动词过去分词的不规则变化 教学方法讲授法、提问法、举例法、练习法教具及材料白板、资料课 时 40分钟授课内容新课导入现在完成时的相关题型是每年中考的必考题。一般出现在单选题偶见出现在完形填空以及句子填空题中。因此掌握现在完成时的知识点和考点是中考拿分的重点内容。这节课我们就现在完成时的重点难点及考点进行详细讲解

2、。新课讲解1.含义1).表示一个动作发生在过去，并且已经结束，强调对现在的影响。（瞬间动词适用于这种情况）例子：He has just seen the film.他刚刚看过这场电影。She has passed the exam so far.到目前为止她已经通过了考试2).表示一个动作发生在过去，并且没有结束，一直持续到现在，并有可能持续到未来。（延续性动词适用于这种情况）例子：I have lived here for about ten years. We have been very busy since the new term began.2.结构歌诀： 完成时，很简单，have

3、,has再加done.I,you,we,they用have，其他has把身现。否定not加其后，疑问句里提向前。如果要把时间加，since一点，for一段。强调完成有不同，yet，already句中添。yet否定，疑问见，already表示“已做完”。never，ever表经历，用在过去分词前，never本身表否定，ever“曾经”句意全。肯定句：主语 + have/has +动词过去分词 （完成时，很简单，have,has再加done.I,you,we,they用have，其他has把身现。）I have already finished my lunch.She has just gone

4、 out.练习A)选用have, has填空：1.I_ told him the news.2.She_ come back from school.3.You_ won the game.否定句：主语 + have/has not +动词过去分词（缩写：havent（否定not加其后）he has never been there.Tom hasnt come back yet. 练习She has already finished her meal.疑问句：Have /Has + 主语 + 动词过去分词？（疑问句里提向前）。简略答语：Yes,主语+ have / has.(肯定)No,主语

5、+ havent / hasnt.(否定)Have you heard the news yet? Yes, I have.Have you ever climbed that mountain? No, I haven,t. 上一份练习改成疑问句 让学生回答）练习They have lived in Guilin for ten years.过去分词1 、规则动词：规则动词的过去分词的构成规则与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同。四点变化规则：(1)、一般动词，在词尾直接加“ ed ”。work-worked-worked ,visit-visited-visited(2)、以“ e ”结尾的动

6、词，只在词尾加“ d ”。live-lived-lived ,(3)、以“辅音字母 + y ”结尾的动词，将 y 变为 i ，再加“ ed ”。study-studied-studied ,cry-cried-cried(4)、重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加“ ed ”。stop-stopped-stopped , drop-dropped-dropped2 、不规则动词：AAA型 cost cost cost , cut cut cut, read read read 等AAB型 beat beat beaten 等ABA型 come came come run

7、 ran run 等ABB型 bring brought brought buy bought bought think thought thought 等 ABC型 do did done go went gone see saw seen 等B)按要求改写下列各句：4.They have bought a computer.(改成否定句)_We have finished our homework .(改成否定句)_5.He has lost his book.(先改成一般疑问句，再作肯定与否定回答) _ _ _ _ They have cleaned the classroom.(先改成

8、一般疑问句，再作肯定与否定回答) _ _ _ _3.标志词：（1） “已完成”“过去对现在的影响“ already，表示：已经（肯定句中，可放句中或句末）, yet，表示：已经、还.（否定句和疑问句中，用在句末）, just，表示：刚刚 （瞬间动词）He has already got her help.他已得到她的帮助。He has just seen the film.他刚刚看过这场电影。Hehasntstarted yet.他还没有动身。强调到现在为止的的生活经历：（延续性动词）never，表示从来没有 ，ever，表示：曾经（长用于否定和疑问句），once,一次twice 两次,thr

9、ee times 三次，so far 到目前为止。She has never been late for school. 他上学从未迟到过。 Have you ever lived in this hotel? 你曾经住过这个酒店吗？They have been to Beijing twice. 他们去过两次北京了。She has passed the exam so far.到目前为止她已经通过了考试。（2） “未完成”“过去到现在可能刚刚结束，也可能继续下去”（延续性动词）since + 过去时间点，表示：自从.（1）since+（过去的）月份/年份，（2）since+ 一段时间+ago

10、（3）since+ 一般过去时从句for + 时间段：表示：持续I havent seen him for two years. She has taught English for ten years.延续性动词和非延续性动词的相互转换 初中阶段常见的有：buyhave,leavebe away, borrowkeep, joinbe a member / diebe dead, becomebe, open (v.)be open (adj.)comebe, go outbe out, leavebe away (from), beginbe on,等。He has been away f

11、or two years.他已走了两年。 He has been an English teacher since 1992.自从1992年以来他一直当英语教师。1. He bought the book two weeks ago. = He has had the book for two weeks.2. She left two years ago. = has been away for two years.3.He died 20 years ago. = He has been dead for 20 years.4. The factory opened in 1999. =

12、The factory has been open since 1999.5. He joined the army three years ago. =He has been in the army for three yearshavebeenin,havebeento与havegoneto的用法1.have(has)beenin意为“已经在某地呆了多长时间”，常与表示一段时间的状语连用。如：Mr.BrownhasbeeninShanghaiforthreedays.布朗先生来上海已经有三天了2.have(has)beento意为“曾经去过某地,现在已经回来”，可与just,ever,ne

13、ver，once ,twice等连用。如：Ivejustbeentothepostoffice.我刚才去邮局了。HaveyoueverbeentoHangzhou?你曾经去过杭州吗？MaryhasneverbeentotheGreatWall.玛丽从未去过长城Theyhavebeentothatvillageseveraltimes.他们去过那个村庄好几次了。3.have(has)goneto意为“到某地去了”，表示到了某地或正在去某地的途中。总之，说话时该人不在现场，一般不用第一、第二人称代词作句子的主语。如：WhereisTom?汤姆在哪里？Hehasgonetothebookshop.他

14、到书店去了。 一，单项选择1、Both his parents look sad .Maybe they _whats happened to him . knew . have known . must know .will know2、He has _ been to Shanghai , has he ?. already .never .ever . still3、Have you met Mr Li _？. just . ago .before . a moment ago4、The famous writer _ one new book in the past two year.

15、 is writing .was writing .wrote .has written 5、-Our country _ a lot so far .-Yes . I hope it will be even _ . has changed ; well . changed ; good. has changed ; better . changed ; better6、Zhao Lan _already _in this school for two years . was ; studying . will ; study. has ; studied . are ; studying7

16、、We _ Xiao Li since she was a little girl . know . had known . have known . knew 8、Harry Potter is a very nice film .I_ it twice . will see . have seen . saw .see9、-These farmers have been to the United States . -Really ? When _ there ?. will they go . did they go. do they go . have they gone10、-_ y

17、ou _ your homework yet ?-Yes . I _ it a moment ago . Did ; do ; finished . Have ; done ; finished. Have ; done ; have finished . will ; do ; finish11、 His father _ the Party since 1978 . joined . has joined . was in . has been in12、-Do you know him well ?- Sure .We _ friends since ten years ago . we

18、re . have been . have become . have made13、-How long have you _ here ?-About two months . been . gone . come . Arrived14、Hurry up! The play _ for ten minutes . has begun . had begun . has been on. Began15、 It _ ten years since he left the army . is . has . will . was16、 Miss Green isnt in the office

19、 . she_ to the library .has gone . went .will go . has been17、My parents _ Shandong for ten years . have been in . have been to. have gone to . have been18、The students have cleaned the classroom, ?A. so they B. dont they C. have they D. havent they19、has Mr White been a member of Greener China sinc

20、e he to China?A. How soon, comes B. How often, gotC. How long, came D. How far, arrived20、 His uncle _for more than 9 years.A. has come here B. has started to workC. has lived there D. has left the university二、句型转换1、The old man _ last year. He_ for a year. (die) （动词填空）2、This factory opened twenty ye

21、ars ago.(同义句转换) This factory_ for twenty years.3、Jim _(make) many friends since he _（come) to China.4、Miss Gao left an hour ago. (同义句转换) Miss Gao _ _ _ _ an hour ago.5、Her mother has been a Party member for three years .（同义句）Her mother _ the Party three years _ .6、The bus has arrived here. It arrived ten minutes ago. (把两个句子合并成一个句子) _ 6