语法填空和改错全国卷试题及解析(共7页)

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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上 2014年全国卷I Are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix?In 1969,the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River Cleveland, Ohio. It _61_（be）unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up. The river was so polluted that it _62_(actual)caught fire and burned. Now, ears later

2、, this river is one of _63_most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup. But the river wasnt changed in a few days _64_even a few months. It took years of work_65_(reduce ) the industrial pollution and clean the water. Finally, that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is_66_(clea

3、n) than ever. Maybe you are facing an impossible situation. Maybe you leave a habit _67_is driving your family crazy. Possibly you drink too much or dont know how to control your credit card use. When you face such an impossible situation ,dont you want a quick fix and something to change immediatel

4、y? While there are _68_(amaze) stories of instant transformation, for most of us the_69_(change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river. Just be 70 (patience).61. 【答案】was【试题解析】根据本段第一句In 1969,the pollution was terrible可知本段叙述的是过去发生的事情。the Cuyahoga River Cle

5、veland在过去被污染地如此地严重，过去没有人能够想象倒这条河被清理干净。62. 【答案】actually【试题解析】本句中使用副词actually做状语修饰谓语动词caught fire，actual是形容词，不能在句中做状语，通常只做定语或者表语修饰名词。63. 【答案】the【试题解析】本句横线后面的most是最高级的形式，所以使用the most outstanding的形式。64. 【答案】 or【试题解析】句义：但是这条河流的改变不是几天或者几个月的事情。本句中的or“或者”表示选择的意思。65. 【答案】 to reduce【试题解析】考察固定句式：It takes sb so

6、me time to do sth做某事花了某人时间；句中的不定式to reduce he industrial pollution and clean the water是句子真正的主语。前面的it是形式主语。66. 【答案】cleaner【试题解析】句义：最后人们的努力得到了回报，现在这条河比以前更干净了。横线后面有than，说明横线上应该使用比较级的形式。67. 【答案】that/which【试题解析】本句是一个定语从句，先行词是a habit，定语从句中使用关系动词that/which指代先行词在句做主语。68. 【答案】 amazing【试题解析】现在分词转换的形容词常常修饰事物，过

7、去分词转换的形容词常常修饰人或者与人有关的事物。横线后面是名词story，说明应该使用现在分词转换的形容词。69. 【答案】 changes【试题解析】本句中谓语部分是系动词are，说明主语应该是一个复数形式的名词，所以使用changes。70. 【答案】 Patient【试题解析】横线前面有系动词be，说明本句是一个祈使句be patient耐心一点。因为很多变化都是逐渐发生的，需要很多努力，我们要耐心一点。 2015年全国卷IIt was raining lightly when I _61_(arrive)in Yangshuo just before dawn. But I didnt

8、 care. A few hours _62_, Id been at home inHong Kong, with _63_(it) choking smog. Here, the air was clean and fresh, even with the rain.Id skipped nearbyGuilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River _64_ are pictured by artists in so many Chin

9、ese _65_(painting). Instead, Id headed straight for Yangshuo. For those who fly toGuilin, its only an hour away _66_ car and offers all the scenery of the better-known city.Yangshuo _67_(be) really beautiful. A study of travelers _68_(conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the

10、top 10 destinations in the world. And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people inAsia. Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it _69_(regular)arranges quick getaways here for people _70_(live)inShanghaiandHong Kong. ()内容简介：这是一篇游记，主要记录了作者在中国阳朔的所见所闻以及自己的感想。61

11、.填arrived。考查时态的用法。根据主句中的was和后一句中的didnt可知此处应用一般过去时。62.填before / earlier。考查副词的用法。根据句意和Id been at home的时态可知，此处指的是“几个小时前我待在香港的家里”，所以“待在家里”应该是发生在过去动作arrived之前，故此处填before或earlier均可。63.填its。考查代词的用法。由于空格被修饰的词smog是名词（意思是“烟雾”），故此处应填容词性物主代词形式，即用its。64.填that / which。考查引导定语从句的关系代词的用法。根据此处的句意以及句子结构，可以看出这是一个定语从句，由

12、于受定语从句修饰的先行词指物，而且关系代词在定语从句中是用作主语，所以该定语从句可用关系代词that或which来引导。65.填paintings。考查名词的数判断和用法。由于所填之词受到so many的修饰，所以要用复数形式。66.填by。考查介词的用法。根据英语习惯，表示乘坐交通工具时，若表示交通工具的名词前没有冠词，则用介词by来表示乘坐。67.填is。综合考查时态和主谓一致的用法。根据下文的时态可知，空格处应填一般现在时。另外，由于Yangshuo是单数第三人称名词，故填is。68.填conducted。考查的用法。根据句意和句子结构可知，study和conduct之间为被动关系（同时

13、注意空格后的介词by），所以使用过去分词作定语。69.填regularly。考查形容词派生为副词的用法。由于所填之词是用于修饰动词arrange的，故要用副词形式。70.填living。考查非谓语动词的用法。由于people与live之间为主动关系，故用现在分词形式，在此用作后置定语，相当于一个定语从句who live。Yangshuo,ChinaItwasraininglightlywhenI_61_(arrive)inYangshuojustbeforedawn.ButIdidntcare.Afewhours_62_,IdbeenathomeinHongKong,with_63_(it)c

14、hokingsmog.Here,theairwascleanandfresh,evenwiththerain.IdskippednearbyGuilin,adreamplacefortouristsseekingthelimestonemountaintopsanddarkwatersoftheLiRiver_64_arepicturedbyartistsinsomanyChinese_65_(painting).Instead,IdheadstraightforYangshuo.ForthosewhoflytoGuilin,itsonlyanhouraway_66_carandoffersa

15、llthesceneryofthebetter-knowncity.Yangshuo_67_(be)reallybeautiful.Astudyoftravelers_68_(conduct)bythewebsiteTripAdvisornamesYangshuoasoneofthetop10destinationsintheworld.AndthetownisfastbecomingapopularweekenddestinationforpeopleinAsia.Abercrombie&Kent,atravelcompanyinHongKong,saysit_(regular)arrang

16、esquickgetawayshereforpeople_70_(live)inShanghaiandHongKong.2015年全国卷I第四部分写作（共两节满分35）第一节短文改错（10分）WhenIwasachild,Ihopedtoliveintheciyt.IthinkIwouldbehappythere.NowIamlivinginacity,butImissmyhomeincountryside.Theretheairiscleanorthemountainsaregreen.Unfortunately,onthedevelopmentofindustrialization,the

17、environmenthasbeenpolluted.Lotsofstudieshavebeenshownthatglobalwarminghasalreadybecomeaveryseriouslyproblem.Theairswebreatheinisgettingdirtieranddirtier.Muchrareanimalsaredyingout.Wemustfoundwaystoprotectyourenvironment.Ifwefailtodoso,welllivetoregretit.76.thinkthought句意：我认为在在那儿很快乐。时态用法错误。这里用一般过去时，表

18、示过去认为77.countryside前加the句意：但是我想念农村的家乡。这里countryside是特指，故用定冠词the。78.orand句意：那里山绿并且空气新鲜。连词用法错误。前后句为并列关系，故用连词and。79.onwith句意：随着工业化的发展。短语搭配错误。短语withthedevelopmentof随着的发展。80.been去掉句意：许多研究表明。主语与动词为主动关系，这里不需要用被动语态。81.seriouslyserious句意：全球变暖已经成为严重的问题。词性用法错误。修饰名词，前面用形容词修饰。82.airsair句意：我们呼吸的空气变得越来越脏。名词用法错误。名词

19、air为不可数名词。83.muchmany句意：许多罕见的动物已经消失。名词animal为可数名词，故用many修饰。84.foundfind句意：我们必须找到方法来保护我们的地球。动词用法错误。情态动词must后接动词原形。85.yourour句意：我们必须找到方法来保护我们的地球。代词用法错误。这里应当是保护我们的环境。2014全国卷II阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Onemorning,Iwaswaitingatthebusstop,worriedabout61(be)lateforschool.Thereweremanypeoplewai

20、tingatthebusstop,62someofthemlookedveryanxiousand63(disappoint).Whenthebusfinallycame,weallhurriedonboard.Igotaplacenext64thewindow,soIhadagoodviewofthesidewalk.Aboyonabike65(catch)myattention.hewasridingbesidethebusandwavinghisarms.Iheardapassengerbehindmeshoutingtothedriver,butherefused66(stop)unt

21、ilwereachedthenextstop.Still,theboykept67(ride).Hewascarryingsomethingoverhisshoulderandshouting.Finally,whenwecametothenextstop,theboyranuptothedoorofthebus.Iheardanexcitedconversation.Thenthedriverstoopupandasked,“68anyoneloseasuitcaseatthelaststop?”Awomanonthebusshouted,“Ohdear“Itis69（I）”.Shepush

22、edherwaytothedriverandtothelittleboy.Everyoneonthebusbegantalkingaboutwhattheboyhaddone.Andthepassengers_70_（sudden）becamefriendlytooneanother.2015年全国卷II第卷第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第二节（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Theadobedwellings(土坯房)61（build）bythePuebloIndiansoftheAmericanSo

23、uthwestareadmiredbyeventhe62mostmodernofarchitectsandengineers.Inadditiontotheirsimplebeauty,whatmakestheadobedwellingsadmirableistheir63ability(able)to“aircondition”ahousewithoutusing64(use)electricequipment.Wallsmadeofadobetakeintheheatfromthesunonhotdaysandgiveoutthatheatslowly65(slow)duringcooln

24、ights,thuswarmingthehouse.Whenanewdaybreaks,thewallshavegivenuptheirheatandarenowcoldenough66(cool)thehouseduringthehotday;67thesametime,theywarmupagainforthenight.Thiscycle68(go)dayafterday:Thewallswarmupduringthedayandcooloffduringthenightandarethusalwaysatimelyoffset(抵消)fortheoutsidetemperatures.

25、As69(nature)architects,thePuebloIndiansfiguredoutexactly70thicktheadobewallsneededtobetomakethecycleworkonmostdays.61.built。 build 与其定语 the adobe dwellings 是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以应该用其过去分词形式。62.the。形容词most modern 前加定冠词the、63.ability。their 后接名词，able 的名词形式为ability。64.using介词without后接动名词use去掉字母e再加-ing。65.slowly用sl

26、ow的副词形式slowly修饰动词giveout.66.tocool形容词加enough后接不定式。67.atatthesametime是固定词组。68.goes根据上下文，此处用一般现在时态。这种循环日复一日。69.natural形容词做定语修饰名词architects。70.how根据句意，应用how修饰形容词thick，连接宾语从句2015高考新课标卷I 短文改错解析 【高考真题】 第二节 短文改错 (共10分;每小题1分,满分10分) 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下短文。短文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加

27、：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(), 并在此符号下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。 修改： 在错的词下划一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2. 只允许修改10处, 多者(从第11处起) 不计分。 When I was a child, I hoped to live in the city. I think I would be happy there. Now I am living in a city, but I miss my home in countryside. There the air is clean or the

28、 mountains are green. Unfortunately, on the development of industrialization, the environment has been polluted. Lots of studies have been shown that global warming has already become a very seriously problem. The airs we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier. Much rare animals are dying out. We

29、 must found ways to protect your environment. If we fail to do so, well live to regret it. 【答案及解析】 1. think thought 时态用法错误。这里用一般过去时，表示“过去认为”。来源、2. 在in和countryside之间添the。考查冠词习惯用法。in the countryside固定短语，必须用定冠词。3. or改为and 连词用法错误。前后句为并列关系，故用连词and。 4. on改为with 短语搭配错误。短语with the development of随着的发展。 5. 删去

30、been。考查时态语态。此句不含有被动的意思，studies和show之间存在主动关系。 6. seriously 改为serious。考查形容词。修饰名词problem，应该用形容词形式。 7. airs改为air。考查名词复数。air是不可数名词，没有复数形式。句子中谓语动词是第三人称单数is。 8. much改为many。考查名词修饰语。 修饰复数名词animals，应该用many， much只能修饰不可数名词。 9. found改为find。考查动词。情态动词之后应该用不带to的不定式，不能用过去式或过去分词形式。 10. your改为our或者the。考查人称代词。人称不一致错误。“

31、环境”是我们共同的。2015年全国卷II第二节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词作斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Oneday,littleTonywenttoashoppingcenterwithhisparent.Itwasveryc

32、rowded.Tonysawatoyonashopwindow.Helikeditsoverymuchthathequicklywalkedintotheshop.Afterlooksatthetoyforsometime,heturnedaroundandfoundwherehisparentsweremissing.Tonywasscaredandbeguntocry.Awomansawhimdryingandtellinghimtowaitoutsideashop.Fiveminuteslater,Tonysawparents.Momsaid,“Hownicetoseeyouagain!

33、DadandIwereterribleworried.”Tonypromisedherthatthiswouldneverhappenagain.试题分析：本文讲述了小男孩Tony和父母上街购物，街上人多，Tony没有告诉父母就独自进了一家商店，结果和父母走散，后来在街上又得以相见的故事。71.parent改为parents看下文可知，是父母两个，所以用parents。72.on改为inTony走进商店，说明玩具在橱窗里面，用in。73.very去掉这里是“如此喜欢以至于”的意思，应该是：likesomuchthat.74.looks改为lookingafter之后跟从句或v-ing形式，故l

34、ooks改为looking。75.where改为that或者去掉wherefound后面的宾语从句是陈述句，故where改为that或者去掉where。76.begun改为beganand前后的谓语动词时态要一致，故begun改为began。77.telling改为toldand前后的谓语动词时态要一致，see和tell是并列谓语，故telling改为told。78.a改为the由上下文可知，此处shop是第二次出现，应该用定冠词，故a改为the。79.saw后加his由上下文可知，他看到的是他的父母，故saw后加his。80.terrible改为terribly修饰形容词worried要用副

35、词，故terrible改为terribly。2014全国卷II第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处，每处仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Mydreamschoolstartsat8:30a.m.andendsat3:30p.m.Theyarethreelesson

36、sinthemorningandtwointheafternoon.Wedidntneedtodosomanyhomework.Therefore,wehavemoretimewithafter-schoolactivities.Forexample,wecandoreadingforoneandahalfhourandplaysportsforonehoureveryday.Mydreamschoollooklikeabiggarden.Thereareallkindsoftheflowersandtreesaroundtheclassroombuildings.Wecanlieontheg

37、rassforarest,orsatbythelakelisteningmusic.Theteachersherearekindandhelpfully.Theyarenotonlyourteachersbutalsoourfriends.2014年(全国一卷）Nearlyfiveyearsbefore,andwiththehelpbyourfather,mysisterandIplantedsomecherrytomatoes（圣女果）inourbackgarden,sincethen-foralltheseyear-wehadbeenallowingtomatoestoselfseedwh

38、eretheyplease.Asresult,theplantsaregrowingsomewhere.Thefruitsaresmallinsize,butjuicyandtaste.Therearesomuchthatweoftensharethemwithourneighbors.Althoughweallowtomatoplantstogrowinthesameplaceyearafteryear,butwehaveneverhadanydiseaseorinsectattackproblem.Wearegrowingwonderfullytomatoesatoncost!解析：1.b

39、efore改为ago2,withthehelpofsb为固定搭配=withoneshelp3.year改为years4.前面时间标志since为现在完成时标志5.asaresult为固定词组“因此”6.根据文意，作者及姐姐让圣女果自由生长在它们喜欢的地方，所以院子里长得到处都是，故somewhere某个地方改为anywhere任何地方7.taste改为tasty这里应该用形容词“可口的”和juicy“多汁的”并列8.much改为many圣女果可数名词9.although和but不能连用，故去掉but或者把其改为可以和although连用的yet10.wonderfully改为wonderful形容词修饰名词专心-专注-专业