让读教学为写作保驾护航

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1、让阅读教学为写作保驾护航南京第九初级中学薛梅l写作教学策略是指教师为了实现写作教学预期效果所采取的一系列有效的教学行为（王笃勤，2003）。l科学的写作策略能够使学生迅速、有效地提高写作成绩，使写作学习的过程更加理性和科学。1. 写作与听说相融合的策略l写作与听说相融合的策略，就是把写作作为强化听说学习、训练内容的辅助手段，在巩固听说涉及的词汇、句型的同时，使学生的写作能力借助听说训练的机会得以强化（Nunan, 2008）。 2. 写作与阅读相融合的策略l写作与阅读相融合的策略就是借助阅读来巩固写作知识和技能。这种策略一般有两种：一种是读后写结构分析。阅读后学生在教师的指导下，分析阅读材料的

2、文体结构和归纳主旨大意，然后把阅读材料各段落的主题句、支撑句和结尾句写出来，再用自己的话概括每个段落的主旨大意。l另一种是读后写感想。阅读后学生根据阅读材料的主题思想，用自己的话写感想，可以认同作者的观点，也可以反驳作者的观点。通过读后写作，培养学生的发散思维和思辨能力，以此强化阅读理解的效果（Wilkins, 1972）。实践证明，结合阅读训练写作是培养学生写作能力的行之有效的教学策略。写作技能的训练l 写作技能训练的内容主要包括：书写技能、仿写技能、改写技能、续写技能和缩写技能8a u3 Around the world in a day!Skimming1. What is Lindas

3、 letter about?2. What did Linda think of the trip?It is about the trip to the World Park.The trip was wonderful.It was an amazing day.She enjoyed herself.引导学生快速关注文章的主题，引导学生快速关注文章的主题，找出中心句（文章头）以及作者的找出中心句（文章头）以及作者的感想（文章尾）。感想（文章尾）。What:Who:When:How:How far:A trip to the World Park in BeijingLinda, the

4、Class 1,Grade 8 studentsOctober 24thby coach two hours by coach 关注写作的五大要素关注写作的五大要素At firstThen When the noise endedAfter he was trappedFinallyWhere he wasWhat he didWhat he sawWhat he heardHow he feltCan you find outin different parts?Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph Paragraph 1234-568a unit

5、8 natural disaster 根据时间线索分析文章根据时间线索分析文章 分析段分析段落大意和写作五大要素落大意和写作五大要素At first Where he wasWhat he didWhat he sawWhat he heardHow he feltHe was in a shopping centre.(Maybe he did the shopping.)People looked at each other in fear.He heard a big noise like thunder; children screamed.He felt a slight shaki

6、ng through his body.在阅读教学中有意识地按照写作的要在阅读教学中有意识地按照写作的要素去理解，能够帮助学生养成一种良好素去理解，能够帮助学生养成一种良好的思维习惯，有利于写作的思维习惯，有利于写作Then Where he wasWhat he didWhat he sawWhat he heardHow he felt(He was outside the shopping centre.)He tried his best to run out to the street.People ran in all directions; some ran out of the

7、 shopping centre; the walls began to come down.He heard the noise, like bombs below the groundThe earth shook; (he was afraid.)When the noise endedWhere he wasWhat he didWhat he sawWhat he heardHow he feltHe didnt know where he was.He calmed down and said to himself.He couldnt believe it was over; (

8、Maybe he was afraid.)He couldnt see anything at all.(Maybe he could hear nothing.)After he was trappedWhere he wasWhat he did What he sawWhat he heardHow he felt(He was trapped under the bricks and stones)A moment of fear went through his mind.(He heard nothing)(He saw nothing.)He told himself to ca

9、lm down; he shouted for help and told himself to stay aliveFinally Where he wasWhat he didWhat he sawWhat he heardHow he felt(He was out of the bricks and stones.)He screamed, “Help! ”He saw the bright daylight.He heard some noise above him and excited shouts.He felt excited.Read again an d match th

10、e following three parts of the passage with their main ideas.Part1(Line1-14)Part2(Line15-22)Part3(Line23-30)Problems giant pandas may have in the wildActions we can take to help giant pandas The growth of Xi Wang也可以让学生分析组合段落，也可以让学生分析组合段落，并给出段落大意并给出段落大意8a unit 5 wild animalsretell the articleTime:Cha

11、racter:Happening:Development:Result: in 1999TimmyAn earthquake happened when I was in the shopping center. At first, shake, Then, noise, screamed, ran, fall, Finally, was trapped. shouted I screamed when I heard some noise above me. I was saved at last.给学生提供关键词改写文章（口头笔头结合）给学生提供关键词改写文章（口头笔头结合）8a unit

12、 8 natural disaster Level 1: The noiseA slight _A loud noise like _The real noise like _ under the groundshakingthunderbombs8a unit 8 reading 2 An earthquake 把文章思路换一个重新整合，分三块处理：把文章思路换一个重新整合，分三块处理：noise, people and buildings, in the end At first, I felt a slight shaking through my body. shaking n. sh

13、ake v. 1) When the earthquake started, the house _. 2) The _ of the house made Timmy frightened.shookshakingshook进一步分析文章的过程中，巧妙结合训练进一步分析文章的过程中，巧妙结合训练词汇和短语、句型结构的运用词汇和短语、句型结构的运用A slight shakingA big noise like thunderPeople looked at each other _Some children _People ran _.I _ to run to the street.Peo

14、ple ran _.in fearin all directionswildlyscreamedLevel 2: People & buildingsThe real noise like bombs under the groundtried my best I tried my best to run out to the street too. try ones best to do sth. = do ones best to do sth. People try their best to run out of the shopping centre. = People do the

15、ir best to run out of the shopping centre. I will try my best to An English exam is coming, what will you try your best to do before the exam?结合学生的学习生活用所学句型造句结合学生的学习生活用所学句型造句Level 2: People & buildingsThe earth started to _Pieces of glass and bricks _The walls began to _shakefell downcome downI _ .w

16、as trapped引导学生关注文章中动词的运用引导学生关注文章中动词的运用1. How did Timmy feel when the noise and shaking ended?He_.2. How did he feel when he found he was trapped?a momentof fear_ _his mind. He told himself to_.3. What did Timmy do at first while he was waiting?He _for helpHe thought _could hear himHe _ for helpPeopl

17、e _ the bricks and stones _4 What was the result?5 What did Timmy do when he heard some noise?was trapped.wentcalm downshoutedscreamedsomebodyin a great hurry.6.What happened in the end?Level 3: in the endthroughmoved away They were in a great hurry to move away the bricks and stones. be in a hurry

18、to do sth. n. hurry to do sth. v. 我匆忙的放学后去购物我匆忙的放学后去购物. I am _ to go shopping after school. I _ to go shopping after school. ABBA 1. I could not see anything at all and I did not know if anyone was around me.我不能看见任何东西我不能看见任何东西,并且我不知道有人在我周并且我不知道有人在我周围围.我的心头一阵恐惧我的心头一阵恐惧,但是我告诉自己要镇定下但是我告诉自己要镇定下来因为我还活着来因

19、为我还活着.2.A moment of fear went through my mind but I told myself to calm down since I was still alive.Level 4: report the earthquake引导学生关注文章中的一些难句、美句引导学生关注文章中的一些难句、美句 An e_ happened. At first, Timmy felt a s_ s _ through his body, then he heard a big noise like t_ .Some children s_ because they are i

20、n f_ . People ran w _ and i_ all d _ when the walls began to c _ d _ . After it, Timmy was t _ . But he t _ his best to c _ d _ .At last, excited people were in a h _ to m _ a _ b _ and stones. Timmy was safe !Finish the passagearthquakelighthakinghundercreamedearildlynirectionsomeownrappedriedalmow

21、nurryovewayricks以填空的形式改写文章以填空的形式改写文章Level 4: report the earthquakeTimmydoctora helperTimmys parent in theshopping centre训练学生从不同的角度改写文章训练学生从不同的角度改写文章单元的写作任务设置是阅读文章的单元的写作任务设置是阅读文章的延伸延伸 Eg. 8a unit 6 Reading Birds in Zhalong Task write an application letter to join the Birdwatching Society写申请函加入观鸟俱乐部就是

22、保护动写申请函加入观鸟俱乐部就是保护动物的一种方式，是学习有关野生动物的物的一种方式，是学习有关野生动物的文章的一种延伸文章的一种延伸其他在阅读教学过程中锻炼写作能力的方法 节选一些关键句（需要有提示词的），让学节选一些关键句（需要有提示词的），让学生能够将打乱的句子排序，组成正确的短文。生能够将打乱的句子排序，组成正确的短文。 Eg. 8B Unit2 A trip to Hong Kong 给一个故事写结尾给一个故事写结尾 Eg. 7B Unit 6 Down the rabbit hole 在可能的情况下让学生谈谈读后感在可能的情况下让学生谈谈读后感 Eg. 8B Unit1 Times have changed What do you think about ?