人教版九年级英语Unit语法(动语态)

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1、被动语态被动语态( a ) Whats it made of ? -Its made of metal.-Its used for riding. -Its made in China.Whats it used for ? Where is it made ?被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者.Who invented the car?_ invented the car.Karl Benz Karl BenzThe car_ _ by_.was invented him 1885When was it invented ?was invented1971It_ _

2、 in _.1971A: Who was the telephone invented by?B: It was invented by_.A: When was it invented ?B: I think it was invented in _. 被动语态的用法：被动语态的用法：1、当不知道谁、没有必要或不想指出谁是动作的、当不知道谁、没有必要或不想指出谁是动作的执行者时；执行者时；2、只需强调动作的承受者时；、只需强调动作的承受者时；3、汉语中的、汉语中的“被、受、由被、受、由”等词译成英文时；等词译成英文时；4、当动作的发出者不是人时，往往用被动语态、当动作的发出者不是人时，往往用

3、被动语态 e.g. (1) English is spoken in Canada. (2) She was elected the monitor of our class. (3) I was shocked by the news.各种时态的被动语态各种时态的被动语态（时态体现在（时态体现在be动词时上）动词时上）am/is/are + donewas/were + donewill/shall be + doneam/is/are being + donewas/were being + donehave/has been + donehad been + donewould/shou

4、ld be + done主动语态变为被动语态的步骤主动语态变为被动语态的步骤:1. 把主动句的宾语变为被动句的主语把主动句的宾语变为被动句的主语.2. 把主动句的谓语动词变为把主动句的谓语动词变为be + 动词的过去分词动词的过去分词的形式的形式.3. 把主动句的主语变为被动句中把主动句的主语变为被动句中by后面的宾语后面的宾语（可以省略）。（可以省略）。注意：注意： 主动句变为被动句后，被动句的时态必须主动句变为被动句后，被动句的时态必须与主动句的句式、时态保持一致。与主动句的句式、时态保持一致。People play football all over the world.Football

5、 is played (by people) all over the world.变被动语态时需要注意的事项变被动语态时需要注意的事项 一变一变 二套二套 三注意三注意宾变主，宾变主，主变宾，宾语前面主变宾，宾语前面byby跟，谓语动词变过去分词，不跟，谓语动词变过去分词，不忘前面忘前面bebe动词跟动词跟套时态，主被动时态一致套时态，主被动时态一致注意因人称的变化而引起的注意因人称的变化而引起的主谓一致问题。主谓一致问题。主动句与被动句之间的转换 We bought some books.主语 + 谓语动词过去式的主动语态 + 宾语Some books were bought ( by u

6、s ) 主语 +谓语动词过去式的被动语态 + 介词+ 宾语 把下列的句子变为被动语态的句子：把下列的句子变为被动语态的句子：1、They speak English in Canada .2、People used wood for making tables. 3、They are making computers in the USA.English is spoken in Canada(by them).Wood was used for making tables.Computers are being made in the USA.将下列句子由将下列句子由主变为被主变为被或由或由

7、被变为主被变为主 Zheng Jie invented this special pen.变被动句变被动句 2)The bike was fixed up by Jimmy. 变主动句变主动句3) People use sunglasses to protect their eyes.4) Teachers allow students to put up hands in class.This special pen was invented Zheng Jie. Jimmy fixed up the bikeSunglasses are used (by people) to protec

8、t eyes.Students are allowed (by teachers) to put up hands in class.1.I open the door.The door is opened by me.2.He often helps homeless people.Homeless people are often helped by him.3.I handed out some papers just now.Some papers were handed out by me just now.主动语态:主语主语是动作的执行者执行者。被动语态:主语主语是动作的承受者承受

9、者。被动语态结构为：(主动语态)(主动语态)(主动语态)(被动语态)(被动)(被动语态)be+过去分词过去分词将下列句子变为被动语态。将下列句子变为被动语态。把下列句子变成被动句把下列句子变成被动句1. Bell invented the telephone.2. Tom bought some books yesterday.The telephone was invented by Bell.Some books were bought yesterday.3. They visited the city last year.4. Mr Green often invites me to

10、his house.5. People all over the world love football.The city was visited by them last year.I am often invited by Mr Green to his house.Football is loved by people all over the world.6、They have grown rice in South China.7. We must plant more trees next year. 8.I am going to clean our classroom tomo

11、rrow.More trees must be planted next year.Our classroom is going to be cleaned tomorrow.Rice has been grown in South China.把被动句变疑问把被动句变疑问. .Has rice been grown in South China？变被动语态的特殊情况变被动语态的特殊情况 一、双宾语一、双宾语buy/make sb sth=buy/make sth for sbgive sb sth =give sth to sb1.My father bought me a computer

12、.A computer was bought for me by my father.I was bought a computer by my father.2.He gives me a book.A book is given to me by him.I am given a book by him二、无二、无toto不定式不定式 一感一感 二听二听 三让三让 四看四看feellisten to.hearlet.have.makewatch. see.look at. notice变为被动时加上变为被动时加上toeg. We often see him play basketball.

13、He is often seen to play basketball by us.The boss made the children work for long.The children were made to workwere made to work for long by the boss.Exercises：把下列句子变为被动语态把下列句子变为被动语态1. The policeman caught the man just now.3. He will finish the letter soon.4. They made little Tom walk up and down.

14、5. His friends often laugh at him.6. They see the tall man go into the house in his class.Answers:1. The man was caught by the policeman just now.3. The letter will be finished soon.4. Little Tom was made to walk up and down.5. He is often laughed at by his friends.6. The tall man is seen to go into

15、 the house in his class.三、注意动词短语的三、注意动词短语的 常考到的动词短语有常考到的动词短语有完整性完整性 take care of look after listen to speak toeg. 1.We should speak to the old politely.The old should be spoken tobe spoken to politely.2. The nurse takes good care of the baby.The baby is taken good care ofis taken good care of by the

16、 nurse.四、无被动语态的动词。四、无被动语态的动词。 不及物动词及系动词不及物动词及系动词 happen take place die rise come true come outeg.1. An accident (happen) just now.happened 2. Im sure that my dream .(come true) some day in the futurewill come true根据句意根据句意,用括号中所给单词的正确形式填用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空。空。 Where is my desk? It _ (carry) away by me jus

17、t now.2. A speech on Chinese history _ (give) in the school hall next week. was carriedwill be given3. These trees should _ (water) often. This way, they can grow better.4. 1,000 English words _ (learn) by me since I started to learn English. 5. An old man was seen _ (get) on a bus just now.be water

18、edhave been learnedto get6. Could I borrow your dictionary? Sorry, it _ (use) by me now.7. Our headmaster said a new library _ (build) in our school the next year.is being used would be built几种句式的被动语态几种句式的被动语态I. 含有情态动词的被动语态：含有情态动词的被动语态：情态动词情态动词 + be + 动词的过去分词动词的过去分词e.g. We must keep the food in a co

19、ol place. The food must be kept in a cool place.II. 含有短语动词的主动句变为被动语态时，含有短语动词的主动句变为被动语态时，不要遗漏与动词连用的介词或副词。不要遗漏与动词连用的介词或副词。e.g. We should take good care of the sick child. The sick child should be taken good care of.III. 含有复合宾语的主动句变为被动语含有复合宾语的主动句变为被动语态时，若宾补为不带态时，若宾补为不带to的动词不定的动词不定式，被动语态中必须加上式，被动语态中必须加上

20、to。常见的这类动词有：常见的这类动词有：see, hear, watch, make, have等等e.g. We often hear him sing in the next room. He is often heard to sing in the next room.The boss made the workers work 12 hours a day.The workers _ 12 hours a day.were made to workIV. 含有双宾语的主动句变为被动句时，含有双宾语的主动句变为被动句时，直接宾语和间接宾语都可作主语。直接宾语和间接宾语都可作主语。e.

21、g. My friends sent me some beautiful stamps. I was sent some beautiful stamps by my friends. Some beautiful stamps were sent to me by my friends. We gave Mike nice gifts on his birthday. Mike _ nice gifts by us on his birthday. Nice gifts _ Mike by us on his birthday.was givenwere given to 根据汉语意思根据汉

22、语意思,完成下列各句完成下列各句,每空一词。每空一词。 1. 你认为明天谁会来？你认为明天谁会来？_ _ _ _ will come tomorrow? 2. 太阳镜能用来保护你的眼睛不受阳光的太阳镜能用来保护你的眼睛不受阳光的伤害。伤害。Sun glasses can _ _ _ protecting your eyes from bright sunlight.3. 这种新的教学方法是谁发明的？这种新的教学方法是谁发明的？_ was this new teaching method _ _? Who do you think be used for Who invented by 4. 你

23、认为哪一个最漂亮？你认为哪一个最漂亮？_ do you think _ _ _ beautiful?5. 我想喝一杯茶，因为我感到口渴了。我想喝一杯茶，因为我感到口渴了。_ _ _ have a cup of tea because I feel thirsty.6. 我没有时间来更多的阅读。我没有时间来更多的阅读。I dont _ _ _ _ more reading. Which is the most Id like to / I want to have time to do Here is a box. You can use it to cook many Here is a bo

24、x. You can use it to cook many kinds of delicious food, kinds of delicious food, such assuch as fish, chicken, fish, chicken, meat and rice. You can also meat and rice. You can also use it to makeuse it to make cold cold dish and food dish and food hothot in a few minutes. in a few minutes. Lets mak

25、e up some puzzles Here is another box with a beautiful Here is another box with a beautiful glass face. glass face. It looks like a TV,It looks like a TV, but it but it isnt a TV. It can isnt a TV. It can be used for be used for workingworking very fast. It can help you very fast. It can help you st

26、udy or work.study or work. This little thing has got numbers from 0 This little thing has got numbers from 0 to 9. It is very small, so you can put it into to 9. It is very small, so you can put it into your pocket. your pocket. Wherever you goWherever you go, you can use , you can use it to talk to

27、 your friends and your families it to talk to your friends and your families far away.far away. Here is a big box. It can Here is a big box. It can make your make your clothes cleanclothes clean and your housework easy. and your housework easy. With its help you can have more time to With its help y

28、ou can have more time to relax or to work . relax or to work . The alarm clock is one of the most annoying _ （发明）. 2 The scoops_ (use) for having soup. = The scoops_ _(use) _ have soup. 3The alarm clock is used for_ _ _ （叫醒我） The potato chips were invented by a chef. _ _the potato chips _by? By _ _t

29、he potato chips _ ? 5The telephone was invented in 1876. _ _the telephone _ ?达标练习inventions are used are used to waking me upWho were inventedwhom were inventedWhen was invented 用用“invented” 或或 “used for”填空填空.1. What are electric slippers _?2. Who were shoes with adjustable heels _ by?3. When was te

30、a _?4. What are microwave ovens _?5. When were potato chips _?used forinventedused forinventedinvented常用的被动语态短语常用的被动语态短语be made of from intobe used to do for doing as由由-制成的制成的看出原材料看出原材料看不出原材料看不出原材料原材料制成成品原材料制成成品be filled withbe covered witheg. 1.Paper is made wood.from 2.Tables are made wood. 3.Wood

31、 is made paper and tables.ofinto被用来-被用作被用作用-充满被-覆盖1.We use the _to count.The calculator_calculatoris used for counting. The microwave oven_ 2.We use _to make the food hot.the microwave ovenis used for3.The _is used for _. (talk with people)talking with peopletelephonemaking the food hot. 4. Who_ligh

32、t bulbs_by? 5.The computer_ 1976.wereinventedwas invented in汉译英。汉译英。 （1）计算机是何时发明的？计算机是何时发明的？ （2）谁发明了计算机？）谁发明了计算机？ （3）计算器是用来做什么？）计算器是用来做什么？ （4）你认为什么是最有用的发明？）你认为什么是最有用的发明？ （5）每天它能够给人们更多时间工作和玩。）每天它能够给人们更多时间工作和玩。 1. When was the computer invented?2. Who was the computer invented by?3. Whats the calculator used for?4. What do you think is the most helpful invention?5. It gives people more time to work and play every day.Bye-bye!