钢结构吊装专项工程施工方案

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1、钢结构工程上海空间推进研究所新区建设一期项目（一期）工程项目部二一年五月十一日目 录第一章、工程概况 2第二章、吊装前准备工作 3第三章、钢构件的运输、卸装 5第四章、吊装施工： 8第五章、安全目标及保证措施： 13附件：吊装平面示意图 15钢结构吊装方案第一章、工程概况上海空间推进研究所新区建设项目（一期）工程，钢结构部分主要分布在科研大楼主楼六层26.45标高型钢混凝土梁，以及科研大楼一层部位吊车梁，机加中心一层吊车梁等。其中科研大楼主楼六层26.45标高E轴-F轴/18-20轴处的二根型钢混凝土梁的施工难度较大，梁高1550，跨度18米，梁翼缘板厚35mm，腹板厚28mm，两侧型钢柱子宽

2、950mm，高5米，柱翼缘板厚35mm，柱腹板厚32mm，原设计分三段，钢柱重量分别为3.58吨、3.91吨，型钢梁重量为6.194吨，每跨钢结构总重量为13.69吨。型钢钢材为Q345B,，钢梁拼接处采用高强螺栓连接紧固，梁翼缘现场焊接。型钢梁的总平面位置见附图一：科研大楼型钢梁吊装平面示意图第二章、吊装前准备工作（一）现场准备：1、对土建施工现场进行检查，核对基准支承面尺寸、标高、轴线位置。2、吊装前，必须对施工现场进行勘察，根据施工现场的实际情况，确定吊车的行进路线。清理现场障碍物，保证道路畅通3、现场堆放场地，吊装区域场地已处理完毕，必须坚实平整，满足吊装要求4、确定吊车的停放位置，以

3、及构件的堆放位置，配置枕木， 5、施工临时用电，机具、支架，安全设施等已经准备就绪。6、施工人员已进行技术、安全交底。7、构件按吊装先后顺序分类进场，并进行校对，对有缺陷的构件作退场处理。（二）机具准备：1、本工程起重机械选用AC 350吨汽车吊AC350型吊车技术性能参数：2、主要吊装施工机具：机具名称型号规格单位数量钢丝绳7T【28mm（637+1）】条2钢丝绳7T【19.5mm（637+1）】条4水准仪NA4台1经纬仪T2电子经纬仪1台2U型扣7T个10汽车起重机AC 350台1手拉葫芦7T台3CO2气体保护电焊机OTC-T400台2电弧焊机BXl-500型台2 （三）劳动力配备：根据工

4、程的具体情况，我公司将挑选有丰富经验的施工技术人员配合钢结构吊装队。吊装作业专业人员配备序号人员类别人数备注1安全员2安全检查2起重机司机2持证上岗3起重指挥员2持证上岗4安装工12钢结构安装第三章、钢构件的运输、卸装第一节、构件的运输(1)、在装卸、运输过程应尽量保护构件，避免构件在运输过程中受到损坏。(2)、对一些次要构件如螺栓、支撑、角隅撑等由于刚度较小、数量较多，在运输过程中应进行打包，严禁散装，造成发运的混乱。(3)、运输的构件必须按照吊装要求程序进行发运，尽量考虑配套供应，确保现场顺利吊装。、构件应对称放置在运输车辆上，装卸车时应对称操作，确保车身和车上构件的固定。(5)、次要构件

5、和主要构件一起装车运输，不应在次要构件上堆放重型构件，造成构件的受压变形。(6)、构件运输过程中应放置垫木，在用钢丝绳固定时应做好构件四角保护工作，防止构件变形和刻断钢丝绳，对不稳定构件应采用支架稳定。第二节、构件的卸车、堆放钢构件到场，对所卸构件进行检验，核对钢构件尺寸、规格。临时堆放采用专用枕木。用扁平吊带捆紧钢构件端部1.5米处，钢丝绳吊钩与吊带扣好，构件起吊稳当后，吊车吊臂作业范围内应无作业人员。施工人员在构件端部用麻绳捆好、拉紧，避免构件来回晃动。钢构件按各规格分开码放，枕木垫起离地20。卸装示意图如下 第三节、定位轴线及水准点的复测(1)、对基础施工单位或建设单位提供的定位轴线，应

6、会同建设单位、监理单位、土建单位、基础施工单位及其他有关单位一起对定位轴线进行交接验线，做好记录，对定位轴线进行标记，并做好保护。(2)、根据建设单位提供的水准点（二级以上），用水准仪进行闭合测量，并将水准点测设到附近建筑物不宜损坏的地方，也可测设到建筑物内部，但要保持视线畅通，同时应加以保护。第四节、构件标注吊装前对钢构件做好中心线，标高线的标注，对不对称的构件还应标注安装方向，对大型构件应标注出重心和吊点，标注可采用不同于构件涂装涂料颜色的油漆作标记，做到清楚、准确、醒目。如下图：第四章、吊装施工第一节：安装工艺流程地脚螺栓预埋、短柱浇筑、养护养护 基础验收、轴线复核、排架搭设构件、吊机进

7、场、检验吊车就位标高调整钢柱吊装纵横十字轴线位移地脚螺栓固定、钢柱校正、加固 垂直偏差复 核钢梁吊装标高调整钢梁安装、高墙螺栓紧固纵横十字轴线位移垂直偏差复 核焊 接钢结构验收第二节：吊装程序F轴4#钢柱试吊、检查构件堆放位置选择就位指挥、起吊吊机位置选择就位安装就位、校正固定吊机就位、检查、准备F轴2号钢梁试吊、检查E轴1#钢柱试吊、检查指挥、起吊指挥、起吊E轴1号钢梁试吊、检查安装就位、校正固定指挥、起吊F轴3#钢柱试吊、检查安装就位、校正固定定指挥、起吊就位，安装固定指挥、起吊E轴2#钢柱试吊、检查就位，校正固定安装就位、校正固定吊装结束、吊机退场构件编号：钢柱1： E轴/18轴钢柱钢柱

8、2： E轴/20轴钢柱钢柱3： F轴/18轴钢柱钢柱4： F轴/20轴钢柱钢梁1： E轴/18-20轴钢梁钢梁2： F轴/18-20轴钢梁第三节：主要构件一览表编号构件名称部位外形尺寸数量重量(吨)1#钢柱H型钢柱E轴/18轴钢柱0.95*0.30*5.013.912#钢柱H型钢柱E轴/20轴钢柱0.95*0.30*5.013.583#钢柱H型钢柱F轴/18轴钢柱0.95*0.30*5.013.914#钢柱H型钢柱F轴/20轴钢柱0.95*0.30*5.013.581#钢梁H型钢梁E轴/18-20轴钢梁1.55*0.30*10.9916.1942#钢梁H型钢梁F轴/18-20轴钢梁1.55*0

9、.30*10.9916.194第四节：钢柱吊装1、柱吊装前准备：待现场检验合格，堆放及行车路线确定后，即检查预埋板、预埋螺栓的轴线、平整度、标高，待检查、测量合格后，基础螺母（柱底下）拧到预埋螺杆上，用水准仪把基础螺母调平至同一水平，并加以适当固定。把柱按编号分别运至安装位置旁并按规定将其摆放在柱脚中心应基本面中心形成一个同心弧。柱吊装前再次检查柱的各种基准点、中心线、吊（捆扎）点以及表面是否有损坏和污垢，确认无误后开始捆扎和吊装。钢柱吊装前，应先将柱脚螺栓表面清理干净。柱子起吊前，从柱底板向上5001000m处，划一水平线，以便安装固定前后作复查平面标高基准使用。2、 钢柱吊装采用旋吊法，过

10、程主要包括绑扎 起吊对位 临时固定 校正最后固定。根据柱子的种类和高度确定绑扎点（有牛腿的吊点位于牛腿下，无牛腿的位于钢柱上部1/4处），在柱脚部用麻绳绑好作为牵制溜绳以调整就位方向用。吊装前准备工作就绪后，首先进行试吊，吊起一端高度为100200mm时停吊，检查索具牢固和吊车稳定性，确认安全后方可继续缓慢起吊，空中运行阶段吊车指挥人员应密切注意构件的起吊状态，指挥口令协调一致，当钢柱柱吊运至吊点处-基础柱底板预埋螺栓顶部10-30时停止，由人工和经纬仪对准柱底板和预埋板十字中心线位置后缓缓下放，同时用经纬仪控制柱垂直度和中心偏移，操作人员在钢柱吊至螺栓上方后，各自站好位置，稳住柱脚将柱脚板上

11、的预留孔对准螺栓，将其插入，指挥吊车下降就位在柱子降至调节螺母上时停止落沟，用撬棍撬柱子，使其中线对准基础中线，并拧紧柱脚螺母。钢柱的垂直度用经纬仪检验，如有偏差立即进行校正，待垂直度偏差控制在1以内，临时将柱子加固，达到安全方可摘除吊钩。吊装组在起吊前一定要分工明确，测量、吊装、紧固等器具齐全，吊车、指挥、测量、对位、绑扎和现场施工各质量安全工程师各尽其责，并尽量减少闲杂人员靠近。3、继续按此法吊装其余所有柱子4、钢柱吊装方法见下图：第五节：钢梁吊装1、待柱吊装就位并检测合格后，就立即展开主梁吊装准备，吊装采用单榀吊装，吊点采用二点绑扎，绑扎点用钢板吊钩固定，绑扎点用软材料垫至其中以防钢构件

12、受损。 2、起吊时先首先进行试吊，将钢梁吊离地面50cm左右时停吊，检查索具牢固和吊车稳定性，确认安全后方可继续缓慢起吊，施工人员使钢梁扶平稳后徐徐升钩，将钢梁吊至安装位置以上50cm左右，再用溜绳旋转钢梁使其对准安装位置，以使落钩就位，落钩时将缓慢进行，并在钢梁刚接触安装位置时即刹车对准预留螺栓孔，并将螺栓穿入孔内，初拧作临时固定，同时用线锤进行垂直度校正和最后固定，钢梁垂直度用挂线锤检查，第一榀钢梁于钢柱连接后并用二根溜绳从两边把钢梁拉牢，梁底采用钢管排架临时支撑稳固，钢梁经校正后，并终拧螺栓作最后固定。紧固加固工作完成后，经仔细核对检查，确认符合要求后松开吊钩，继续吊装下一榀钢梁。钢结构

13、的柱、梁等主要构件在安装就位后，立即进行校正、固定。3、在作业工作的当天必须使安装的结构构件及时形成稳定的空间体系。4、钢梁吊装作业见下图：第五章、安全目标及保证措施：一、安全组织机构图：总指挥：蒋红林安全：李建生技术：励增旺专职安全员：张立华现场指挥：施友员吊装队长：沈贤赛焊 工 班吊 装 班电 工 1、安全目标：杜绝一切伤亡事故。 2、安全保证措施： 1）坚决执行国家劳动部颁发的劳动操作规程，按照钢结构的安装工艺要求精心操作。 2）严格执行安全生产六大纪律、十项安全技术措施、安全生产十不准等规定，工地实行班前安全交底，班后安全小结，并不断开展、参加安全部门的安全生产活动。 3）施工机械及电

14、气设备应定期检查，专人负责，不得带病作业或超负荷作业，发现不正常现象，应停止作业。不得在运转中修理。 4）对所有进贵方安装的人员进行安全教育，接受公司、班组三级安全教育，且都必须考核合格后方能上岗，经常性做安全教育，建立职工安全教育档案，对不安全行为与经济挂钩，采取奖罚措施。 5）吊装区域内，非操作人员严禁入内，工地应加强防火工作，现场焊接区域，易燃物品必须在安全距离以外堆放，并配备足够的消防器具。 6）特殊工种均需持证上岗，班组开展安全比赛活动，并实行严格的奖罚制度。 7）氧气、乙炔、电焊机按有关操作规程进行使用保管。 8）设立工地施工安全负责人，对进入工地的电气工作人员进行用电操作作交底并

15、检查监督工地用电安全；并经常检查安全是否有效，每天启用前，电工应作一次检查，及时解决存在的问题。 9）施工现场应进行整理、整顿、清扫，做到文明施工。10)、起重臂和吊起的重物下面有人停留或行走不准吊。11)、起重指挥应由技术培训合格的专职人员担任，无指挥或信号不清不准吊。12)、型钢、管材等细长和多根物件必须捆扎牢靠，多点起吊。单头“千斤”或捆扎不牢靠不准吊。14)、大梁等吊物上站人不准吊。15)、多机作业，应保证所吊重物距离不小于三公尺，在同一区域内多机作业，要相互配合服从指挥。16)、四级以上强风区不准吊。17)、斜拉重物或超过机械允许荷载不准吊。 18)、吊装现场负责人随时观察吊装情况，

16、发现问题立即停止作业，马上整改。 19)、操作人员在进行高空作业时，必须正确使用安全带。安全带一般需高挂低用，即将安全带绳端的钩环挂于高处，而人在低处操作。二、现场文明施工： 1、严格按要求布置现场，接受甲方单位的检查、监督，现场机械设备的布置、材料、半成品的堆放要合理，施工用电的拉设必须同土建单位协调一致。 2、现场施工按总包单位的统一组织、调度进行，搞好平行、立体交叉作业的协调。 3、施工完毕后，各种材料、下脚料、废弃物及时清理出现场，丢弃物要倾倒在指定场所。4、工人上班禁止穿拖鞋、赤膊，工地严禁大小便。 5、努力搞好社会各界友好关系，争取在质量、文明等方面争创一流。 6、严禁在工地上，高

17、空乱扔乱丢物品。 7、严禁酒后作业，带病工作。 8、严禁打架、骂人及其他不文明行为。 9、按程序和规范作业，严禁野蛮施工。三、安全生产作业制度1、全体施工人员必须严格按安全生产操作规程谨慎施工2、工人上岗前必须三级安全教育，认真学习有关规范及制度，做到不受过安全生产教育不上岗。3、施工队不准招用童工，不使用年老体弱及患有严重疾病的人员，不准让患过精神病和癫痫病的人员上高空作业4、进入施工现场必须戴好安全帽，高空作业应有可靠的安全措施，不向上和向下抛丢材料或工具，登高用爬梯，严禁抱柱上下。5、机械设备必须有可靠的安全装置和接地，不准让不懂机械电气性能的人员使用和玩弄机械电气设备。现场的氧气、乙炔

18、须由专人保管，定期检测安全装置和保险装置，制定安全使用制度，严禁非专职作业人员操作使用。6、施工用电必须做到“三级配电、两级保护”，严禁使用老化和破皮未包扎的电线，禁止电线乱拉乱接，禁止用其他金属丝代替熔丝。7、吊装区内严禁非专业人员入内，吊装区和主要施工通道口应设置安全标志和警告牌。8、禁止雨天施工、安装。严禁酒后作业，严禁赤脚、赤膊、穿拖鞋和带钉硬底鞋上班作业。9、施工现场的“五边四口”等危险处应设防护栏杆、临时盖板和安全标志。10、缆风绳等应严格按安全生产操作规程架设牢固，并进行经常性检查。11、在易燃品堆放处，严禁吸烟和明火作业。12、如发生重大安全事故，按照重大质量、安全事故报告制度

19、。附件：吊装平面示意图g an employment tribunal claimEmployment tribunals sort out disagreements between employers and employees.You may need to make a claim to an employment tribunal if: you dont agree with the disciplinary action your employer has taken against you your employer dismisses you and you think th

20、at you have been dismissed unfairly.For more information about dismissal and unfair dismissal, seeDismissal.You can make a claim to an employment tribunal, even if you haventappealedagainst the disciplinary action your employer has taken against you. However, if you win your case, the tribunal may r

21、educe any compensation awarded to you as a result of your failure to appeal.Remember that in most cases you must make an application to an employment tribunal within three months of the date when the event you are complaining about happened. If your application is received after this time limit, the

22、 tribunal will not usually accept it.If you are worried about how the time limits apply to you, take advice from one of the organisations listed underFurther help.Employment tribunals are less formal than some other courts, but it is still a legal process and you will need to give evidence under an

23、oath or affirmation.Most people find making a claim to an employment tribunal challenging. If you are thinking about making a claim to an employment tribunal, you should get help straight away from one of the organisations listed underFurther help.If you are being represented by a solicitor at the t

24、ribunal, they may ask you to sign an agreement where you pay their fee out of your compensation if you win the case. This is known as adamages-based agreement. In England and Wales, your solicitor cant charge you more than 35% of your compensation if you win the case.If you are thinking about signin

25、g up for a damages-based agreement, you should make sure youre clear about the terms of the agreement. It might be best to get advice from an experienced adviser, for example, at a Citizens Advice Bureau. To find your nearest CAB, including those that give advice by e-mail, click onnearest CAB.For m

26、ore information about making a claim to an employment tribunal, seeEmployment tribunals.The (lack of) air up there Watch mCayman Islands-based Webb, the head of Fifas anti-racism taskforce, is in London for the Football Associations 150th anniversary celebrations and will attend Citys Premier League

27、 match at Chelsea on Sunday.I am going to be at the match tomorrow and I have asked to meet Yaya Toure, he told BBC Sport.For me its about how he felt and I would like to speak to him first to find out what his experience was.Uefa hasopened disciplinary proceedings against CSKAfor the racist behavio

28、ur of their fans duringCitys 2-1 win.Michel Platini, president of European footballs governing body, has also ordered an immediate investigation into the referees actions.CSKA said they were surprised and disappointed by Toures complaint. In a statement the Russian side added: We found no racist ins

29、ults from fans of CSKA.Age has reached the end of the beginning of a word. May be guilty in his seems to passing a lot of different life became the appearance of the same day; May be back in the past, to oneself the paranoid weird belief disillusionment, these days, my mind has been very messy, in m

30、y mind constantly. Always feel oneself should go to do something, or write something. Twenty years of life trajectory deeply shallow, suddenly feel something, do it.一字开头的年龄已经到了尾声。或许是愧疚于自己似乎把转瞬即逝的很多个不同的日子过成了同一天的样子；或许是追溯过去，对自己那些近乎偏执的怪异信念的醒悟，这些天以来，思绪一直很凌乱，在脑海中不断纠缠。总觉得自己自己似乎应该去做点什么，或者写点什么。二十年的人生轨迹深深浅浅，突

31、然就感觉到有些事情，非做不可了。The end of our life, and can meet many things really do?而穷尽我们的一生，又能遇到多少事情是真正地非做不可？During my childhood, think lucky money and new clothes are necessary for New Year, but as the advance of the age, will be more and more found that those things are optional; Junior high school, thought

32、to have a crush on just means that the real growth, but over the past three years later, his writing of alumni in peace, suddenly found that isnt really grow up, it seems is not so important; Then in high school, think dont want to give vent to out your inner voice can be in the high school children

33、 of the feelings in a period, but was eventually infarction when graduation party in the throat, later again stood on the pitch he has sweat profusely, looked at his thrown a basketball hoops, suddenly found himself has already cant remember his appearance.童年时，觉得压岁钱和新衣服是过年必备，但是随着年龄的推进，会越来越发现，那些东西根本就

34、可有可无；初中时，以为要有一场暗恋才意味着真正的成长，但三年过去后，自己心平气和的写同学录的时候，突然就发现是不是真正的成长了，好像并没有那么重要了；然后到了高中，觉得非要吐露出自己的心声才能为高中生涯里的懵懂情愫划上一个句点，但毕业晚会的时候最终还是被梗塞在了咽喉，后来再次站在他曾经挥汗如雨的球场，看着他投过篮球的球框时，突然间发现自己已经想不起他的容颜。Originally, this world, can produce a chemical reaction to an event, in addition to resolutely, have to do, and time.原来，

35、这个世界上，对某个事件能产生化学反应的，除了非做不可的坚决，还有，时间。A persons time, your ideas are always special to clear. Want, want, line is clear, as if nothing could shake his. Also once seemed to be determined to do something, but more often is he backed out at last. Dislike his cowardice, finally found that there are a lot

36、of love, there are a lot of miss, like shadow really have been doomed. Those who do, just green years oneself give oneself an arm injection, or is a self-righteous spiritual.一个人的时候，自己的想法总是特别地清晰。想要的，不想要的，界限明确，好像没有什么可以撼动自己。也曾经好像已经下定了决心去做某件事，但更多的时候是最后又打起了退堂鼓。嫌恶过自己的怯懦，最终却发现有很多缘分，有很多错过，好像冥冥之中真的已经注定。那些曾经所

37、谓的非做不可，只是青葱年华里自己给自己注射的一支强心剂，或者说，是自以为是的精神寄托罢了。At the moment, the sky is dark, the air is fresh factor after just rained. Suddenly thought of blue plaid shirt; Those were broken into various shapes of stationery; From the corner at the beginning of deep friendship; Have declared the end of the encount

38、er that havent start planning. Those years, those days of do, finally, like youth, will end in our life.此刻，天空是阴暗的，空气里有着刚下过雨之后的清新因子。突然想到那件蓝格子衬衫；那些被折成各种各样形状的信纸；那段从街角深巷伊始的友谊；还有那场还没有开始就宣告了终结的邂逅计划那些年那些天的非做不可，终于和青春一样，都将在我们的人生中谢幕。Baumgartner the disappointing news: Mission aborted. r plays an important rol

39、e in this mission. Starting at the ground, conditions have to be very calm - winds less than 2 mph, with no precipitation or humidity and limited cloud cover. The balloon, with capsule attached, will move through the lower level of the atmosphere (the troposphere) where our day-to-day weather lives.

40、 It will climb higher than the tip of Mount Everest (5.5 miles/8.85 kilometers), drifting even higher than the cruising altitude of commercial airliners (5.6 miles/9.17 kilometers) and into the stratosphere. As he crosses the boundary layer (called the tropopause),e can expect a lot of turbulence.Th

41、e supersonic descent could happen as early as Sunda.The weatheThe balloon will slowly drift to the edge of space at 120,000 feet ( Then, I would assume, he will slowly step out onto something resembling an Olympic diving platform.Below, the Earth becomes the concrete bottom of a swimming pool that h

42、e wants to land on, but not too hard. Still, hell be traveling fast, so despite the distance, it will not be like diving into the deep end of a pool. It will be like he is diving into the shallow end. Skydiver preps for the big jumpWhen he jumps, he is expected to reach the speed of sound - 690 mph

43、(1,110 kph) - in less than 40 seconds. Like hitting the top of the water, he will begin to slow as he approaches the more dense air closer to Earth. But this will not be enough to stop him completely.If he goes too fast or spins out of control, he has a stabilization parachute that can be deployed t

44、o slow him down. His team hopes its not needed. Instead, he plans to deploy his 270-square-foot (25-square-meter) main chute at an altitude of around 5,000 feet (1,524 meters).In order to deploy this chute successfully, he will have to slow to 172 mph (277 kph). He will have a reserve parachute that will open automatically if he loses consciousness at mach speeds.Even if everything goes as planned, it wont. Baumgartner still will free fall at a speed that would cause you and me to pass out, and no parachute is guaranteed to work higher than 25,000 feet (7,620 meters).cause there20