双链刮板输送机设计【含8张CAD图纸】
喜欢就充值下载吧,资源目录下展示的全都有,下载后全都有,dwg格式的为CAD图纸,有疑问咨询QQ:414951605 或1304139763
中 国 矿 业 大 学本科生毕业论文姓 名: 周春雷 学 号:21040293学 院: 应用技术学院 专 业: 机械工程及自动化 论文题目: 刮板输送机设计 专 题:指导教师: 王启广 职 称: 副教授 2008 年 6月 徐州中国矿业大学毕业论文任务书学院 应用技术学院 专业年级 机自04-3班学生姓名 周春雷 任务下达日期:2008年3月16日毕业论文日期:2008年3月20日至2008年6月12日毕业论文题目:刮板输送机设计毕业论文专题题目:毕业论文主要内容和要求: 设计参数: 设计长度 200m 生产能力 1000t/h 链 速 1m/s要求:(1)刮板输送机的传动方案设计;(2)减速器的设计;(3)完成主要传动组件,零件的工作图设计;(4)编写完成设计计算说明书。院长签字: 指导教师签字:中国矿业大学毕业论文指导教师评阅书指导教师评语(基础理论及基本技能的掌握;独立解决实际问题的能力;研究内容的理论依据和技术方法;取得的主要成果及创新点;工作态度及工作量;总体评价及建议成绩;存在问题;是否同意答辩等):成 绩: 指导教师签字: 年 月 日中国矿业大学毕业论文评阅教师评阅书评阅教师评语(选题的意义;基础理论及基本技能的掌握;综合运用所学知识解决实际问题的能力;工作量的大小;取得的主要成果及创新点;写作的规范程度;总体评价及建议成绩;存在问题;是否同意答辩等):成 绩: 评阅教师签字: 年 月 日中国矿业大学毕业论文评阅教师评阅书评阅教师评语(选题的意义;基础理论及基本技能的掌握;综合运用所学知识解决实际问题的能力;工作量的大小;取得的主要成果及创新点;写作的规范程度;总体评价及建议成绩;存在问题;是否同意答辩等):成 绩: 评阅教师签字: 年 月 日中国矿业大学毕业论文答辩及综合成绩答 辩 情 况提 出 问 题回 答 问 题正 确基本正确有一般性错误有原则性错误没有回答答辩委员会评语及建议成绩:答辩委员会主任签字: 年 月 日学院领导小组综合评定成绩:学院领导小组负责人: 年 月 日中国矿业大学2008届毕业生毕业设计 第17页英语翻译英文原文Scraper conveyor of the status quo and development trend of technologyAbstract: The Face scraper conveyor of the machine and its head, tail, the central trough, ring linked, soft-start devices, components of the technical status quo and development trend, and made Chinas development scraper conveyor Trend.Key words: scraper conveyor with two, components, development trends.In recent years, with high yield and high efficiency of the rapid development of intensive mine, the coal mine in a mine to achieve a high degree of concentration of wells a production model. Face the long arm as the main transportation equipment, the scraper conveyor transport capability mainly by high yield and high efficiency of the production capacity of the mine to decide, but also determines the scraper conveyor trend of development.1 Technology statusSince the 1980s, both at home and abroad scraper conveyor to the large volume, long distance, high-power, high-intensity, high reliability and long life direction. At present, the largest foreign Fully-face scraper conveyor to transport volume has reached 6000 t / h, installed power 4 800kW, distance 450 m. Domestic independent research and development of the scraper conveyor transport volume has reached 3500 t / h, installed power 3 700kW, distance 300 m. With God East, and other large coal base 400 m face the emergence of China-made scraper conveyor will be moving in the direction of more large-scale. However, volume, distance and the increase of power by many factors. First of all, the height of the central trough should not be too high, otherwise they will be affected with coal effect. Second, the conveyors length should not be too long, Will reduce the rate of advance. Then the most important factors is also key components of the technical performance and life expectancy. Therefore, the scraper conveyor to the development of large-scale, high-performance components of the R & D will become the next scraper conveyor focus on the development, soft-start technology, the status of testing, running state control the use of mechanical and electrical integration technology will be Scraper conveyor into the future development of an important symbol2 Yuan parts of the technical status quo2.1 Head With the fully mechanized coal face of rapidly increasing production apacity, scraper conveyor-unloading has been difficult to meet the requirements of domestic and foreign large volume of heavy scraper conveyor adopt cross-lateral institutions unloaded, the agency after several generations of improvements in the ability to offload , Efficiency, life and other aspects of a big increase. At the same time, unloading a high degree of reduced support for the fully mechanized coal mining has brought convenience.2.2 Tail For long distance, high-power scraper conveyor, the chain tension need greater flexibility trip, both at home and abroad using retractable tail, and is divided into manual and automatic tight chain tight chain. Manual tight chain system is regularly measured by the chain of artificial tension, stretching the tail, which can not guarantee the chain will always be in the best state of tension and the automatic system is the ideal tight chain of tension, as shown in Figure 1. The system in the chain and the nose, tail drive sprocket chain from the bottom, a tension sensor placement, in accordance with the actual chain of take-up tension control the fuel tank. This automatic use of the tight chain, conveyor chain operation will always maintain the best state of tension, to extend the life of the chain, reducing downtime.Figure 1 automatically tensioning system2.3 Sprocket components Sprocket scraper conveyor components is the key component, and its development trend of improving the reliability of sprocket components, the price increase sprocket accuracy, improving heat treatment process to extend the life of sprocket. At present sprocket components in the structure of use of double-row tapered roller bearings, light oil lubrication, nose and tail of the sprocket components are the same, through different gear reducer coupling connection with the replacement of underground Reducer, not demolition; sprocket using high-strength alloy steel, of quenching the hardness to eat HRC55, effective hardening depth of 10 mm and above, the service life of up to 400 to 5 million t of the media. In addition, from sprocket on the tooth to be improved, for example, a company design the GR-sprocket and there is great difference between conventional sprocket, which always has three sprocket tooth led the entire load. 3 tooth contact will inevitably reduce the wear chain and sprocket, thereby extending the life of the chain and sprocket, reducing the chain elongation, power transmission efficiency is higher.2.4 Soft-start devices Foreign advanced conveyor transmission use of soft-start technology, in scraper conveyor on the successful use of the soft-start main valve control device-filled hydraulic coupler, CST controllable start and the exchange of electrical transmission system, such as Frequency Control . Because there is no domestic mature technologies and products, the China-made high-power scraper conveyor used in soft-start device for all imported products. Figure 2 was developed by Germany-filled hydraulic valve control DTP coupler.2.4.1-filled hydraulic valve control coupled with the principal technical characteristics can achieve the empty scraper conveyor start and overload protection;Change can be achieved through scraper conveyor the frequent start, without limitation start frequency; through hydraulic coupler divisions will also re-order the multi-drive can be achieved under the load balancing; slow post-mortem can be linked; dual-chamber design, compact, power transmission components without mechanical contact, high reliability. with water as a working fluid, safe and convenient and cheap, through pipes or water supply, drainage tube through the pump row, row of pressure from the main hydraulic motor-driven cycle produced by the pilot of the portfolio directly to the valve To control the water cycle; without affecting the power transmission circumstances, * Change to heat through. Figure 2 DTP-valve-controlled oil-filled hydraulic coupler2.4.2CST controlled transmission system activated the main technical characteristics in any load can track any launch curve, the speed of plus or minus any adjustment; relative speed hydraulic coupler, the transmission efficiency; an arbitrary controlled under the conditions of parking capacity; can be driven to achieve more balance of power between the high-precision, balance accuracy up to 98 percent; conveyor of all mechanical, electrical system overload protection, the protection system fast response; be running low on time, and cashing in on the trend post-mortem chain; scene debugging simple, it is easy to modify the parameters online and debugging.2.4.3 AC motor technology the main technical characteristics and other soft-start mode compared to the full realization of electrical soft-start control, scraper conveyor drive system and power supply system to maximize the simplification; start-up time can be loaded with self-regulation; achieved a scraper conveyor loaded with empty and the smooth start-up; significantly reduce the starting current and improve the quality of electricity supply grid, power grid to reduce impact.2.5 Central groove Central trough conveyor of the whole face of the trunk, its life is a measure of an important indicator of life. At present the central trough use of trough-shaped cross section for the whole cast back cover welding structure, life expectancy has reached 10 million t. To further improve the service life of the major manufacturers of domestic and foreign central trough of form, structure and materials have done a great deal of research. Such as Germany of a company through research and development, be that in different sections of the mine shafts for a large number of Central Test and eventually found, and trough-shaped cross section for comparison, curved section slot for the scraper to help with the trough in contact with the side of the small, thereby reducing friction and reduce power consumption, extend the central slot and scraper life. scraper and arc-shaped cross section and the section for surface trough comparison shown in Figure 3.Figure 3 scraper and arc-shaped cross section and the section for surface trough comparisonFrom top to bottom for a slot on the design, shown in Figure 4, from top to bottom slot for the same, you can choose any thickness and width of the plate in the central trough design makes for greater flexibility. Slot for each board and the central slot between the two Weld, the central side of the trough of four seam, only on the inside of the tank to help withstand the wear and tear a seam, even if it was polished welds , The central trough can maintain a high degree of stability.Figure 4 4-steel tank to help design and wear contourHelp create a slot on the Rolling materials, steel rolling on the surface than the smooth casting of steel, small friction. Central tank plate using high-strength steel hardening Wear-resistant, wear little. Rolling in the central trough lateral welding dumbbell Block, will not help reduce the thickness of groove. Forging dumbbell on the design and ensure that the central trough Yaling not Block damage, and the youngest is basically breaking strength of 1.5 times the dumbbell, so the fault is always the first dumbbell. Another trough of the central structure of the tank from top to bottom-of-duplication, this form can be set from top to bottom groove and the failure of different conditions for different structural design and material selection, and easy on the replacement tank, will help improve strength and Life. The central trough in the form of SGZ880 / 2 400-type double-stranded in the cross-side dumping in the face scraper conveyor has been successfully applied. 2.6 Ring linked Circle as a scraper conveyor chain of traction, its tensile strength directly related to the reliability of. At present, Chinas largest ring linked to 42 mm 146mm compact chain, tensile strength of 2270 kN, the largest foreign ring linked to 48 mm 152mm compact chain, tensile strength of 3550 kN. With the ring linked the increasing size of the central trough of higher and higher, conveyor magnificent performance declined, the gateway if not thorough clean-up will also affect passage of conveyor. So ring linked the direction of development is to improve tensile strength and reduce the high degree of Central legislation.2.6.1 Materials and Technology In order to improve the roundabout chain of tensile strength, the current foreign Grade C and D-linked ring in the large-sized materials with 23 MnNiCrMo54, 23MnNiCrMo54 and 23 MnNiCrMo64 scouring steel, tensile strength limit 1600 1800 MPa. Welding Technology: the use of advanced welding equipment, welding and the use of flash returns processing technology, successfully resolved the surfacing of the process of overheating, such as a burning issue. In quality testing, the use of scanning stretch fracture fracture of cables used to pre-tension ring linked to strengthen technology, greatly enhancing the carrying capacity and fatigue.2.6.2 form and geometry In 1985 the first to create a company 38 mm 137mm flat chain. Flat is linked each of the chain is still ring-Central, Central was squeezed the flat ring. Flat chain link sliding work to reduce the size of the increase in the chain of slot pressure on the units and improve the legislation of the Central wear resistance; reduce its high level of the chain more easily through the sprocket, but can also reduce the capacity of power transmission and Bays of a high degree. Modern high-performance conveyor are generally involved in supporting a flat chain. Figure 5 conventional chain and a new wide-body linked flatIn 2003, the company has developed a wide-body at a flat linked, as shown in Figure 5. It is a high-intensity, low-chain, has the following characteristics: using this chain can reduce the high scraper chain, thereby reducing the central trough height, eventually reduce the use of high-mining, coal mining to meet thin. using this chain can reduce the use of power, or power in the same circumstances, increase the length of face, it will greatly reduce the workload of opening up, reducing the number of face move. this forging of wide-body flat link chain has increased the contact area, can improve the chain link at the same time reduce the intensity of the wear and helps to maintain the rigidity of chain link. Such as a flat 42 mm chain can take 2 855kW of installed power, and 50 mm wide-body flat can be linked up to 3 1000kW bear the installed power.2.6.3 intelligent conveyor chain As unable to accurately predict the failure of the chain, according to conventional practices are generally ahead of the replacement of the chain. In 2005 a company with a number of research institutes to study the development of a conveyor chain-detection system, as shown in Figure 6. This is a combination of integrated sensor technology of intelligent conveyor chain, it will stress the chain of real-time record, the help of micro-electronics technology devices, from computers that the chain of life remaining before the fracture. It also can detect the chain of preload, is conducive to life during the period in the chain to achieve the best use of state, improve safety and avoid accidents.2.7 The link chain The link chain-rings are used for the link chain and ring for legislation to link the two in recent years has tended to adopt legislation to link the ring, then such a chain link through the sprocket and not linked A round of contacts, so there will not be worn.Blockmaster the link chain is a new legislation for a flat linked to the Central chain link shown in Figure 7, because of their extreme length of closure, at the time of installation without relaxation chain; their innovative design concept, two-way installation, do not have to consider the direction of transmission, There is the possibility of anti-loaded, the link chain block in central lock can be avoided chain kink, but also increased the strength of the link chain, such as 42 mm 146mm Blockmaster the link chain of broken Rally of 2500 kN.Figure 6 smart conveyor chain2.8 High-power transmission gearScraper conveyor of the low-speed transmission is characterized by heavy, impact resistance, small in size but poor lubrication and cooling. In order to obtain high-performance gear transmission device, to be constantly raise the level of product and manufacturing standards involved. Figure 7 Blockmaster the link chain2.8.1 raising the level of designRaise design standards to improve the design means first of all, the use of advanced design techniques. At present, some companies developed based on the load and deformation of the tooth contour design and calculation software and books used in high gear shift, with the bending stress on the tooth for finite element analysis to improve the shape of teeth with the transition to full gear in case meshing State be greatly improved and increased contact with strength,elasticity and the use of finite element of the planetary gear transmission mechanism for load analysis, contained both the structure more scientific and rational, adopt a flexible flow of dynamic pressure lubrication analysis of gear mating area of friction and heat Film state. The advanced design of a gear transmission, gear designed to meet the high technical indicators. 2.8.2 raising the level of manufacturing Scraper conveyor gear more than a surface treatment of advanced hardening of low carbon steel materials, the hardening process are: carburizing, nitrogen and surface hardening. With the increase in power transmission gear, the relative size decreases, Chilian contact stress and teeth with a substantial increase in bending stress. Gear crystal material between the impurities often become the source of fatigue crack initiation. At present, the major international manufacturers scraper conveyor widely used vacuum smelting furnace of the more high-quality low-carbon steel alloy gear. Gear heat treatment using computer monitoring and control equipment carburizing atmosphere, and strictly monitor the furnace temperature, carbon potential, control gear and equipment parts used mainly CNC machining centers manufacturing, processing benefit substantially improve accuracy, domestic and foreign companies gear manufacturers in China can reach a GB100095 - 88 involute gear machining accuracy standard 6-6-5 level and above.3 China scraper conveyor direction of developmentWith coal mine production of intensive development, has a long wall face fully mechanized coal mining equipment and technology has been to the high-end development, to meet the production capacity, a high degree of automation, safety and reliability of production requirements. At present, Chinas scraper conveyor of the design and manufacture close to the level of similar foreign models, but in the life of key components, reliability and innovation in such areas as compared with foreign countries there are still many gaps, particularly soft-start, overload protection And the chain automatically tensioning device, such as high-end technology products.中文译文工作面刮板输送机技术现状与发展趋势摘要:阐述了工作面刮板输送机整机及机头、机尾、中部槽、圆环链、软启动装置等元部件的技术现状与发展趋势,并提出了我国刮板输送机的发展方向。关键词:刮板输送机;元部件;技术现状;发展趋势。近年来随着高产高效集约化矿井的迅速发展,煤矿都在争取实现一矿一井一面的高度集约化生产模式。作为长臂工作面的主要运输设备,刮板输送机的输送能力主要由高产高效矿井的生产能力来决定,同时也决定了刮板输送机的发展趋势。1整机技术现状20世纪80年代以来,国内外刮板输送机都在向大运量、长运距、大功率、高强度、长寿命与高可靠性方向发展。目前,国外综采最大的工作面刮板输送机,去运量已达6000t/h,装机功率4800kW,运距450m。国内自主研发的刮板输送机运量已达3500t/h,装机功率3700kW,运距300m。随着神东等大型煤炭基地400m工作面的出现,国产刮板输送机将朝着更大型的方向发展。但是运量、运距和功率的增大受到诸多因素的限制。首先,中部槽的高度不宜太高,否则会影响装煤效果。其次,输送机的长度也不宜太长,会降低推进速度。然后最主要的影响因素还在于关键元部件的技术性能和寿命。所以,在刮板输送机向大型化发展的同时,高性能元部件的研发将成为今后刮板输送机的发展重点,软启动技术、工况检测、运行状态控制等机电一体化技术的运用将成为今后刮板输送机发展的重要标志。2元部件的技术现状2.1机头部随着综采工作面的生产能力迅速提高,刮板输送机端卸载已经难以满足要求,国内外大运量重型刮板输送机均采用交叉侧卸载机构,该机构经过几代改进,在卸载能力、效率、寿命等方面都有了很大的提高。同时,卸载高度的降低也为综采配套带来了便利。2.2机尾对于长运距、大功率刮板输送机,链条张紧需要较大的伸缩行程,目前国内外均采用可伸缩机尾,并分为手动紧链系统和自动紧链系统。手动紧链系统是靠人工定时测量链条张力,伸缩机尾,所以不能保证链条始终处于最佳张紧状态;而自动紧链系统才是理想的张紧方式,如图1所示。该系统在链条与机头、机尾驱动链轮分离后的链道下方安置有张力传感器,根据链条的实际张力控制张紧油缸。使用了这种自动紧链系统,输送机运行时链条将始终保持最佳张紧状态,延长了链条的使用寿命,缩短了停机时间。2.3链轮组件链轮组件是刮板输送机的关键元件,其发展趋势时提高链轮组件的可靠性,提高链轮的价格精度,改进热处理工艺,延长链轮的使用寿命。图1自动张紧系统目前链轮组件在结构上多采用双列圆锥滚子轴承,稀油润滑,机头和机尾的链轮组件是一样的,通过不同的齿轮联轴器与减速器联接,在井下更换时不用拆卸减速器;链轮采用高强度合金钢,吃面淬火硬度达到HRC55,有效硬化层深度达10mm以上,使用寿命可达到400500万t过媒量。另外,从链轮的齿形上加以改进,例如,某公司设计的GR型链轮与常规链轮就有很大区别,这种链轮始终有3各轮齿带动整个载荷。3个轮齿接触必然会降低链轮和链条的磨损,从而延长链轮和链条的使用寿命,减小链条伸长率,功率传输效率也较高。2.4软启动装置国外先进的输送机传动装置多采用软启动技术,目前在刮板输送机上成功使用的软启动装置主要有阀控充液式液力耦合器、CST可控启动传输系统和交流电机变频调速等。因国内尚无成熟的技术和产品,所以国产大功率刮板输送机采用的软启动装置全部为进口产品。图2为德国研制的DTP阀控充液式液力耦合器。图2DTP阀控充液式液力耦合器2.4.1阀控充液式液力耦合器的主要技术特点可以实现刮板输送机的空载启动和过载保护;通过换水可以实现刮板输送机的频繁启动,而不必限制启动频率;通过告便液力耦合器的重也顺序可以实现多机驱动下的负载平衡;可以实现慢速验链;双腔设计,结构紧凑;功率传递部件无机械接触,可靠性高。以清水作为工作液,安全方便而且廉价,可以通过水管或水箱供水,通过排液泵管排水,排液压力由主电机带动的液力循环产生,通过本安型先导组合阀直接对 水循环进行控制;在不影响功率传输的情况下,通过换水来散热。2.4.2CST可控启动传输系统的主要技术特点在任意载荷下可以跟踪任何启动曲线,加减速度任意调节;相对调速型液力耦合器而言,传动效率高;具有任意条件下的可控停车能力。可实现多点驱动之间高精度的功率平衡,平衡精度可达98%;对输送机所有机械、电器系统提供过载保护,保护系统响应速度快;可以上时间低速运行,实现免俗验链;现场调试简单,可以很方便地在线进行参数修改与调试。2.4.3交流电机变频调速技术的主要技术特点与其他软启动方式相比,全部实现了电器软启动控制,刮板输送机传动系统和供电系统得到最大的简化;启动时间可随负载自行调节;实现了刮板输送机满载及空载的平稳启动;大幅度降低了启动电流,提高电网供电质量,减少电网冲击。2.5中部槽中部槽是整个工作面输送机的躯干,其使用寿命是衡量整机使用寿命的重要指标。目前中部槽多采用形断面槽帮、整体铸焊封底结构,寿命已达1000万t。为了进一步提高使用寿命,国内外主要生产厂商对中部槽外形、结构及材料等方面有进行了大量的研究。如德国某公司通过研究和开发,拨那个在井下对不同断面的中部槽进行大量试验,最终发现,与形断面槽帮相比,弧形断面槽帮使刮板与槽帮内侧面接触液力小,从而减小摩擦
收藏