非谓语动词之现在分词作状语

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1、 非谓语的三种形式非谓语的三种形式 1. 现在分词现在分词 doing 2. 过去分词过去分词 done 3. 不定式不定式 to do I picked it up, _(find) that it was a canteen card.伴随状语伴随状语finding填空填空_(work) hard, youll surely succeed.现在分词成分作条件状语现在分词成分作条件状语If you work hardWorking2). _ (be) poor, he couldnt afford a TV set. (现在分词成分作原因状语现在分词成分作原因状语)Because he w

2、as poorBeing3). _ (walk) in the street, I saw a tailors shop.4). His father died, _ (leave) the family even worse off.时间状语时间状语When I was walking in the street.结果状语结果状语and this left the family even worse offWalkingleaving 5) Four people entered the room _ (look) around in a curious way. = Four people

3、 entered the room and looked around in a curious way. 6) He came running back to tell me the news. 伴随状语伴随状语方式状语方式状语looking可以表示时间可以表示时间, 原因原因, 结果结果, 条件条件, 行行为方式或伴随动作等为方式或伴随动作等。2.现在分词的基本形式 主动形式 被动形式一般式 doing完成式being donehaving donehaving been done现在分词作状语的几种形式现在分词作状语的几种形式1. 一般形式：一般形式：现在分词的动作和谓语动词的现在分词的

4、动作和谓语动词的动作同时发生用：动作同时发生用：doing Hearing the sad news, she burst into tears.2. 完成式：完成式：当分词的动作先于谓语动词的动当分词的动作先于谓语动词的动作发生用分词的完成式：作发生用分词的完成式：having done Having finished the class, she went home.3. 被动式：被动式：being done Being criticised by the teacher, the boy hung his head.4. 完成被动式：完成被动式：having been done Havi

5、ng been praised for his job, Tom worked harder. Not having been received the reply, he decided to write another one.注意注意：1. 现在分词现在分词作状语时，其逻辑主语必修与作状语时，其逻辑主语必修与主句中主语一致。它们之间是主动关系。主句中主语一致。它们之间是主动关系。被动则用被动则用V-ed. 但是短语但是短语 generally speaking; judging from/by; compared with; supposing; to tell you the trut

6、h等是固定搭配。不等是固定搭配。不受主语影响。受主语影响。 Judging from his face, he was very angry.2. 作状语的作状语的V-ing形式和句子之间通常有一形式和句子之间通常有一个逗号隔开，不能用并列连词。个逗号隔开，不能用并列连词。 Studying hard, and you will pass the entrance examination to college. Studying hard, you will pass the entrance examination to college. Study hard, and you will p

7、ass the entrance examination to college.FTT3. 为了使为了使V-ing形式作状语所表达的意形式作状语所表达的意思更为明确。可在思更为明确。可在V-ing 前加适当的前加适当的连词（连词（when ;while; if ; though; unless 等等） While waiting for the bus, he met Mary. 1. Having not seen the film, I cant tell you what I think of it. 2. The men worked for extra hours got an ex

8、tra pay. 3. Seen from the top of the hill, we find the city more beautiful. 4. Generally speak, facial expressions are helpful communications, too.Not havingworkingSeeingspeaking单句改错单句改错5. “Cant you read?” the man said, angrily pointed to the notice on the wall.6. Knocking at the door before enterin

9、g, please.7. European football is played in 80 countries, made it the most popular sport in the world.pointingKnockmaking可以表示时间可以表示时间, 原因原因, 结果结果, 条件条件, 行行为方式或伴随动作等为方式或伴随动作等。1).Using your head, youll find a good way. Working hard, youll surely succeed.条件状语条件状语If you use your headIf you work hard2).

10、Being poor, he couldnt afford a TV set. Not knowing her address, we cant get in touch with her.(原因原因)Because he was poorAs we dont know her address3). Walking in the street, I saw a tailors shop.4). His father died, leaving the family even worse off.时间时间When I was walking in the street.结果结果and this

11、left the family even worse off1. I was told that there were about 50 foreign students _ Chinese in the school, most _ were from Germany. （2006年年 辽宁卷）辽宁卷）A. study; of whom B. study; of themC. studying; of them D. studying; of whom2. Dont sit there _ nothing. Come and help me with this table. （2006年年

12、湖北卷湖北卷 A. do B. to do C. doing D. and doing3. Come on, please give me some ideas about the project. Sorry. With so much work _ my mind, I almost break down. (2007年年 福建卷）福建卷） A. filled B. filling C. to fill D. being filled4. Can I smoke here? Sorry. We dont allow _ here. (2007年年 江苏卷）江苏卷） A. people smoking B. people smoke C. to smoke D. smoking