（读读写写 高分必备）河北省邯郸高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解与书面表达素能训练5

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1、i. 、阅读理解（本大题共4小题，共0分）A 2012山东卷 AThe Pacific island nation of Nauru used to be a beautiful place. Now it is an ecological disaster area. Naurus heartbreaking story could have one good consequenceother countries might learn from its mistakes. For thousands of years, Polynesian people lived on the remo

2、te island of Nauru, far from western civilization. The first European to arrive was John Fearn in 1798. He was the British captain of the Hunter, a whaling ship. He called the island Pleasant Island. However, because it was very remote, Nauru had little communication with Europeans at first. Then wh

3、aling ships and other traders began to visit, bringing guns and alcohol. These elements destroyed the social balance of the twelve family groups on the island. A tenyear civil war started, which reduced the population from 1,400 to 900. Naurus real troubles began in 1899 when a British mining compan

4、y discovered phosphate(磷酸盐) on the island. In fact, it found that the island of Nauru was nearly all phosphate, which is a very important fertilizer for farming. The company began mining the phosphate. A phosphate mine is not a hole in the ground; it is a stripmine. When a company stripmines, it rem

5、oves the top layer of soil. Then it takes away the material it wants. Stripmining totally destroys the land. Gradually, the lovely island of Nauru started to look like the moon. In 1968, Nauru became one of the richest countries in the world. Every year the government received millions and millions

6、of dollars for its phosphate. Unfortunately, the leaders invested the money unwisely and lost millions of dollars. In addition, they used millions more dollars for personal expenses. Soon people realized that they had a terrible problemtheir phosphate was running out. Ninety percent of their island

7、was destroyed and they had nothing. By 2000, Nauru was almost financially ruined. Experts say that it would take approximately $433,600,000 and more than 20 years to repair the island. This will probably never happen.56. What might be the authors purpose in writing the text?A. To seek help for Nauru

8、s problems.B. To give a warning to other countries.C. To show the importance of money.D. To tell a heartbreaking story of a war. 57. What was Nauru like before the Europeans came?A. Rich and powerful. B. Modern and open.C. Peaceful and attractive. D. Greedy and aggressive. 58. The ecological disaste

9、r in Nauru resulted from _. A. soil pollutionB. phosphate overminingC. farming activityD. whale hunting59. Which of the following was a cause of Naurus financial problem?A. Its leaders misused the money.B. It spent too much repairing the island.C. Its phosphate mining cost much money.D. It lost mill

10、ions of dollars in the civil war. 60. What can we learn about Nauru from the last paragraph?A. The ecological damage is difficult to repair.B. The leaders will take the experts words seriously.C. The island was abandoned by the Nauruans.D. The phosphate mines were destroyed. 【答案解析】【要点综述】文章主要讲述了太平洋岛国

11、瑙鲁如何从一个环境优美的天堂岛变成一个生态失衡、满目疮痍的小岛。56. B写作意图题。由文章第一段的“Now it is an ecological disaster area. Naurus heartbreaking story could have one good consequenceother countries might learn from its mistakes.”可以看出，作者的目的是给当前很多只注重发展经济而忽略环境保护的国家一个警告。故选B。57. C细节理解题。从第一段提到的“太平洋上的国家瑙鲁岛曾经是一个美丽的地方”看出，瑙鲁岛attractive；由第二段第一

12、句以及第三段第一句可知，上千年来，瑙鲁岛的人们生活在偏远的小岛上，过着平静的生活。故选C。58. B细节理解题。由最后一段的“Soon people realized that they had a terrible problemtheir phosphate was running out. Ninety percent of their island was destroyed and they had nothing.”可以看出“磷酸盐逐渐减少，开采殆尽”。由此可以看出，“磷酸盐的过量开采”导致了生态灾难。故选B。59. A细节理解题。由最后一段的“Unfortunately, the

13、 leaders invested the money unwisely and lost millions of dollars. In addition, they used millions more dollars for personal expenses. ”看出，是领导人不正确使用资金导致了财政问题。故选A。60. A推理判断题。文章最后告诉我们：Experts say that it would take approximately $433,600,000 and more than 20 years to repair the island，也就是说：瑙鲁岛上的生态损失弥补

14、起来需要大量的资金和时间，即选项所说的“修复起来很难”。故选A。B (2013兰州市诊断，B)“I like your smile, but unlike you put your shoes on my face”. A charming way of saying “Keep off the grass”. But could you figure it out? Or this: “Wash Clothing Store” for laundry.They are both typical Chinglish, a combination of English vocabulary an

15、d Chinese grammar. Expressions such as “people mountain people sea”， means extremely crowded, and “give you some color to see”， meaning a punishment, are widely known and recognized.Chinglish has been attracting global attention in recent years as China grows rapidly in stature on the world stage, a

16、ttracting both fans and detractors.The Beijing Speaks Foreign Languages Programme and English First China Company, a language trainer known as EF Education, jointly launched a campaign to root out poor grammar and misused vocabulary in downtown Beijing. They argue Chinglish is an embarrassment that

17、we should let it die out at all costs.“It is meaningful, to allow the capital show its most beautiful historical and cultural heritage to the world.” Michael Lu, vicepresident of EF Education said, “since the launching of the campaign, foreign teachers and students had been very keen to volunteer pa

18、rticipation.” He believed signs were very important in public services. “The signs in some old buildings confused foreign visitors.”Chinglish, although the target of much criticism, has also won supporters who regard it as an interesting way for foreigners to learn how Chinese people think and expre

19、ss themselves.“Many Chinglish logos carry Chinese elements and they will enrich the English language，” 32yearold Oliver Radtke said. He had even published a book “Chinglish: Found in Translation，” on the subject. About 50 000 copies of the book have been sold since it was published in 2007.Some Chin

20、ese university experts also side with Chinglish. “English has absorbed elements from other languages such as French and Spanish in its growth, and the emergence of Chinglish again testifies to the languages vitality and inclusiveness，” said Shi Anbin, an associate professor of Tsinghua University.文章

21、大意：本文是一篇议论文。文章介绍了中国式英语在中国的发展及应用，并列举了人们对其不同的看法和理解。13How did Chinglish come into being?AChinese people misunderstood the meaning of the new words.BChinese people combined English vocabulary with Chinese grammar.CChinese people based their English on the native English speakers.DChinese people make wid

22、e use of English vocabulary with bad spelling.14What Shi Anbin said means _.Athere are many French and Spanish words in EnglishBEnglish is the language with vitality and inclusivenessCChinglish enriches English and shouldnt be got rid ofDChinglish has greater effect on English than French and Spanis

23、h15According to Oliver Radtke, Chinglish _.Ashows how Chinese people thinkBdoes damage to the English languageCshows the great humor of Chinese peopleDshould be sold to all over the world【答案解析】13答案：B细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“They are both typical Chinglish, a combination of English vocabulary and Chinese gramm

24、ar.”可知，答案选B。14答案：C推理判断题。根据文章最后一段可知，Shi Anbin支持中国式英语。由“English has absorbed elements from other languages such as French and Spanish in its growth, and the emergence of Chinglish again testifies to the languages vitality and inclusiveness”可推知，Shi Anbin认为中国式英语的存在证明了英语是一种包容性很强的语言，中国式英语能像法语和西班牙语一样使英语变得丰

25、富。故答案选C。15答案：A推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段第一句可知，中国式英语带有中国元素。由此可推知，中国式英语体现了中国人的思维。故答案选A。CNot all think laughter is the best medicine, but it seems to helpSo scientists carried on a new study of diabetes （糖尿病） patients who were given a good dose of humor for a year to prove itResearchers divide 20 high-risk diabet

26、ic patients into two groupsBoth groups were given standard diabetes medicineGroup L viewed 30 minutes of humor of their choice, while Group C, the control group, did notThis went on for a year of treatmentsBy two months into the study, the patients in the laughter group had lower level of the hormon

27、es epinephrine （肾上腺素）, considered to cause stress, which is known to be deadlyAfter the 12 months, HDL cholesterol rises 26 percent in Group L but only 3 percent in Group CIn another measure, C-reactive proteins, a maker of heart disease, drop 66 percent in the laughter group but only 26 percent in

28、the control group“The best doctors believe that there is a physical good brought about by the positive emotion, happy laughter,” said study leader Lee Berk of Loma Linda UniversityAnd other research has found that humor makes us more hopefulStill, more study is needed, Berk saidThe research by Berk

29、found that humor can bring about similar changes in body chemistry, which was proved in the new studyThe research result will be presented this month at the meeting in the USResearch at the University of Maryland School of Medicine shows that laughter causes the inner lining of blood vessels to expa

30、nd, increasing blood flow in a way thought to be healthy“Lifestyle choices have an important effect on health and these are choices which we and patients should pay attention to, rather than prevention and treatment,” Berk said in a statement this week31Why did the scientists carry on the new resear

31、ch?ATo find out if laughter was good to healthBTo discover the best medicine to cure diabetesCBecause the number of diabetic patients is the largest in the worldDBecause diabetic patients need more laughter than other patients32After 12 months into the study, _AC-reactive proteins increase 66 percen

32、t in Group CBthe level of the hormones epinephrine stays the same in both groupsCthe level of the hormones epinephrine has droppedDC-reactive proteins reduced 66 percent in Group L33The underlined part “HDL cholesterol” in Paragraph 3 must be _Asomething bad to our health Bsomething good to our heal

33、thCa kind of wonderful medicine Da kind of dangerous disease34In what way does laughter benefit peoples health?ABlood is made thick by laughter BLaughter makes blood vessels thinCLaughter increases blood pressureDLaughter makes blood flow fast35According to Berk, we should _Achoose lifestyles carefu

34、lly Bchange our lifestylesCprevent our lifestyles in advance Dpay less attention to the positive emotion【答案解析】3135 ADBDADFor centuries, the bodys blood has been linked closely with the emotionsPeople who show no human emotions or feelings, are said to be cold-blooded killerFor example, the police ar

35、e searching for a cold-blooded killerHe seems to kill for no reason, and no emotion, as if taking someones life as nothingCold can affect other parts of the bodyThe expression “get cold feet” has nothing to do with cold or your feetThe expression means being afraid to do something you have decided t

36、o doFor example, you agree to be president of an organizationBut then you learn that all the other officers have resigned, and all the work of the organization will be your responsibilityYou are likely to get cold feet about being president when you understand the situationThe expression “give someo

37、ne the cold shoulder” probably comes from the physical act of turning your back toward someone, instead of speaking to him face to faceYou may give a cold shoulder to a friend who has not kept a promise he made to youOr, to someone who has lied about you to othersA cold fish is not a fishIt is a per

38、sonBut it is a person who is unfriendly, unemotional and shows no love or warmthA cold fish does not offer much of himself to anyoneSomeone who is a cold fish could be cold-heartedNow a cold-hearted person is someone who has no sympathySeveral popular songs in recent years were about cold-hearted me

39、n or cold-hearted women who, without feelings, broke the hearts of their loversOut in the cold means not getting something that everybody else gotA person might say that everybody but him got a pay raise-he was left out in the coldAnd it is not a pleasant place to be26There are _ expressions related

40、 to cold that are mentioned in the passageA3 B4 C6 D727When you refuse to speak to a man and treat him in a distant way, you may express by “_”AI give him the cold shoulder BI think he is a cold-blooded manCI think he is a cold fish DIm likely to get cold feet28If Sue shows absolutely no reaction to

41、 those awful pictures of starving children in Africa, you will say _Ashe is a cold-blooded killer Bshe gets cold feetCshe is a cold fish Dshe is out in the cold29We can use the expression “_” to describe a man who abandons or hurts his lover without mercyAcold-blooded Bcold shoulder Ccold feet Dcold

42、-hearted30The topic of this passage is about _Athe relationship between cold and our bodyBsome expressions about friendshipCsome expressions connected with coldDhow cold weather comes into being【答案解析】2630 CACDCii. 、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共0分）切实减轻学生负担是今年“两会”热点话题之一。近期我市教育主管部门出台措施严格禁止中小学校利用双休日集体上课，在社会上引起强烈反响，尤其是

43、学生家长反应不一请根据以上情况，结合自身实际，用英语写一篇120字左右的短文。文中应包括：1.家长的反应；2.自己的看法。注意：短文开头已给出，不计入总词数。How to reduce the students burden has always been a hot topic. The educational department of a city has launched strict rules to ban classes on weekends， which has aroused heated discussions among students parents.【答案解析】【

44、参考范文】How to reduce the students burden has always been a hot topic. The educational department of a city has launched strict rules to ban classes on weekends, which has aroused heated discussions among students parents. Some of the parents are strongly in favor of this decision. They think that afte

45、r they have stayed at school the whole week, they should have free time to get relaxed. Besides, free weekends help to fill in the gaps between generations and guarantee the time for the family member to have fun together. On the other hand, some other parents dont think so. They hold the view that

46、schools are supposed to have classes on weekends. In their opinion, if the students are given more free time on weekends, they will not concentrate on their studies. Some of the students might even fall into bad habits. In my opinion, middle school students should be given more free time. Studying l

47、essons at school is not the only goal of our 1ife. It is also important to put what we learn at school into practice. Furthermore, youngsters often have their good hobbies and interests. It is necessary to have enough time to develop them. 假如你的名字叫王海，现在在美国就读，即将毕业。你和你的中国同学们就 “在国内就业还是在国外就业”进行了讨论。现请根据下表

48、内容给21世纪报的编辑写一封信，说说你们讨论的结果以及你个人的看法。 70%支持在国内就业 30%支持在国外就业你的观点1. 国内经济高速发展,机会比国外多2. 需要大批优秀归国人才，就业方向有大学教育、公司高层管理、政府部门等3. 政府鼓励回国，自主创业1. 国外薪水高2. 工作条件好，有利于发挥自己的潜力3. 自然环境环境优美，适于居住1.2. 词数：150左右。开头已给出，不计入词数。Dear Editor, We are going to graduate from American universities. Recently we overseas Chinese graduate

49、s have had a heated discussion on whether to work in China or in foreign countries. Opinions are divided on the matter. _Best wishes！Yours truly,Wang Hai 【答案解析】【参考范文】Dear Editor, We are going to graduate from American universities. Recently we overseas Chinese graduates have had a heated discussion

50、on whether to work in China or in foreign countries. Opinions are divided on the matter. About 70% of the overseas Chinese students approve of working in China. The reasons are as follows. First, Chinas rapid development and the increasing international companies have let a lot of Chinese studying a

51、nd working abroad come back because many opportunities are waiting for them. Second, China needs a great many excellent overseas graduates to serve it. They are expected to be provided jobs like management staff, universities professors, and government clerks and so on. In addition, our government t

52、ries its best to encourage more overseas graduates to come back and start their own companies and become business owners.However, 30% of the students have the opposite opinions. They think they can have a good salary in foreign countries. Besides, they will have wonderful working conditions and they

53、 can work to their full potential. What is more, beautiful natural environment will be suitable to settle down. As far as Im concerned, we should return to work in China. China is our motherland. We should serve it heart and soul. China is developing so fast that there are so many chances for us to achieve our dream. Best wishes！Yours truly,Wang Hai