长难句精讲专题基础班

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1、LOGO考研英语阅读专题考研英语阅读专题授课人：杭州新东方授课人：杭州新东方 许啸许啸1长难句分析长难句分析长难句基本分析方法长难句基本分析方法1历年考研英语长难句精讲配题历年考研英语长难句精讲配题22v获得的能力：获得的能力：v非长难句不过瘾非长难句不过瘾3长难句怎么读？长难句怎么读？v用眼睛读？用眼睛读？v从左往右读？从左往右读？v先找主谓宾，再找修饰成分？先找主谓宾，再找修饰成分？v主谓宾找不到主谓宾找不到v简单句简单句 和和 长难句的区别长难句的区别vN 多个修饰成分多个修饰成分v把修饰成分当成衣服，使劲儿脱把修饰成分当成衣服，使劲儿脱v俗称脱脱法俗称脱脱法4考研中常考的语法点：考研中

2、常考的语法点：N件衣服件衣服v定语从句定语从句vwhich that who(m)vI buy a book which/that has a yellow cover.vwhere whenvI buy a book where there are many“yellow”stories.vI buy a book when I am seeing a“yellow”story.vas vAs you know;asas.结构；结构；the same as;such as5v强调结构：强调结构：vIt is.that考点在哪里？考点在哪里？被强调的部分被强调的部分6v主语从句主语从句vWhe

3、ther；That；What vWhat he said made me excited.vThat he said he was a girl made me shocked.vWhether he said or not made me apprehensived.7v同位语从句同位语从句v名词名词+that+从句从句vthat引导的定语从句引导的定语从句 that 在从句中承担成分在从句中承担成分 v宾语从句宾语从句v动词动词+that+从句从句8解析解析vFor a while it looked as though the making of semiconductors,which

4、 America had invented and which sat at the heart of the new computer age,was going to be the next casualty.v是一个简单句吗？是一个简单句吗？v复合句复合句v复杂复杂+合并合并 v拆分拆分+简化简化9解析解析vFor a while it looked as though the making of semiconductors,which America had invented and which sat at the heart of the new computer age,was

5、 going to be the next casualty.v有没有从句？有没有从句？v是什么从句？是什么从句？v定语定语v从句在哪里？从句在哪里？10解析解析vFor a while it looked as though the making of semiconductors,which America had invented and which sat at the heart of the new computer age,was going to be the next casualty.v有没有从句？有没有从句？v是什么从句？是什么从句？v定语定语v从句在哪里？从句在哪里？1

6、1解析解析vFor a while it looked as though the making of semiconductors,which America had invented and which sat at the heart of the new computer age,was going to be the next casualty.v有没有从句？有没有从句？v是什么从句？是什么从句？v定语定语v从句在哪里？从句在哪里？12解析解析vFor a while it looked as though the making of semiconductors,which Ame

7、rica had invented and which sat at the heart of the new computer age,was going to be the next casualty.v有没有从句？有没有从句？v是什么从句？是什么从句？v定语定语v从句在哪里？从句在哪里？13解析解析vFor a while it looked as though the making of semiconductors,was going to be the next casualty.vsemiconductor?v semi 半半vConductor 导体导体 vcasualty 伤

8、亡人员伤亡人员vcasual 漠不关心的，不正式的漠不关心的，不正式的v天天+月月半导体14解析解析vFor a while it looked as though the making of semiconductors,which America had invented and which sat at the heart of the new computer age,was going to be the next casualty.v2000年考研真题年考研真题 text 1 第二段最后一句第二段最后一句152005年年 text 1vHowever,whether such a

9、sense of fairness evolved independently in capuchins and humans,or whether it stems from the common ancestor that the species had 35 million years ago,is,as yet,an unanswered question.v复合句复合句v定语从句？定语从句？162005年年 text 1vHowever,whether such a sense of fairness evolved independently in capuchins and hu

10、mans,or whether it stems from the common ancestor that the species had 35 million years ago,is,as yet,an unanswered question.v复合句复合句v定语从句？定语从句？v该物种在三千五百万年之前就有了该物种在三千五百万年之前就有了172005年年 text 1vHowever,whether such a sense of fairness evolved independently in capuchins and humans,or whether it stems fro

11、m the common ancestor is,as yet,an unanswered question.v其他从句？其他从句？v主语从句主语从句v在哪里？在哪里？182005年年 text 1vHowever,whether such a sense of fairness evolved independently in capuchins and humans,or whether it stems from the common ancestor is,as yet,an unanswered question.192005年年 text 1vwhether such a sens

12、e of fairness evolved independently in capuchins and humans,or whether it stems from the common ancestorv简单的修饰成分？简单的修饰成分？vindependently 独立地独立地vcommon 普遍的普遍的 202005年年 text 1vwhether fairness evolved in capuchins and humans,or whether it stems from the ancestor源于猩猩、人类源于猩猩、人类 （独立）（独立）公平感公平感祖先祖先 （同一个）（同

13、一个）212005年年 text 1源于猩猩、人类源于猩猩、人类 （独立）（独立）公平感公平感祖先祖先 （同一个）（同一个）这一问题尚未得到结论2223许式脱脱法分解长难句许式脱脱法分解长难句找；，找；，,and,but ,however，,nevertheless；将句子分层将句子分层找找which，that，what,whether,who,whose,when引导的从句引导的从句 找简单的修饰成分找简单的修饰成分 翻译关键词翻译关键词24从句从句不考不考不翻译不翻译注意注意简单修饰简单修饰成分要小成分要小心心25简单修饰成分要小心简单修饰成分要小心v形容形容范围范围v形容形容新旧新旧v形

14、容形容程度程度v形容形容感情感情26vhardly norvbarely:几乎不几乎不 neithervlittle/few nonevsilent 1999 rarely 2004vmute:无声的无声的 2002 fairly 2003 4 选选Dvnear alsovyet extreme 03 text3vlargely -less:uselessvmainvkeyvcrucial:关键的关键的27v讲油价上升讲油价上升vIn Europe,taxes account for up to four-fifths of the retail price,so even quite big

15、 changes in the price of crude have a more muted effect on pump prices than in the past.v对油价上升的主要影响是谁？对油价上升的主要影响是谁？vthe price of crude？vtaxes28v讲油价上升讲油价上升vIn Europe,taxes account for up to four-fifths of the retail price,so even quite big changes in the price of crude have a more muted effect on pum

16、p prices than in the past.v对油价上升的主要影响是谁？对油价上升的主要影响是谁？vthe price of crude？vtaxes29v2.It can be inferred from the text that the retail price of petrol will go up dramatically if _.vA price of crude risesvB commodity prices risevC consumption risesvD oil taxes rise30v2.It can be inferred from the text

17、that the retail price of petrol will go up dramatically if _.vA price of crude risesvB commodity prices risevC consumption risesvD oil taxes rise312006年考研真题年考研真题text1：vBy 1996 foreign-born immigrants who had arrived before 1970 had a home ownership rate of 75.6 percent,higher than the 69.8 percent r

18、ate among native-born Americans.v找找，322006年考研真题年考研真题text1：vBy 1996 foreign-born immigrants who had arrived before 1970 had a home ownership rate of 75.6 percent,higher than the 69.8 percent rate among native-born Americans.v找引导从句的词找引导从句的词332006年考研真题年考研真题text1：vBy 1996 foreign-born immigrants who had

19、 arrived before 1970 had a home ownership rate of 75.6 percent,higher than the 69.8 percent rate among native-born Americans.342006年考研真题年考研真题text1：vBy 1996 foreign-born immigrants who had arrived before 1970 had a home ownership rate of 75.6 percent,higher than the 69.8 percent rate among native-bor

20、n Americans.v找找，v找引导从句的词找引导从句的词352006年考研真题年考研真题text1：vBy 1996 foreign-born immigrants had a home ownership rate of 75.6 percent,higher than the 69.8 percent rate among native-born Americans.v找找，v找引导从句的词找引导从句的词v找细节修饰成分找细节修饰成分362006年考研真题年考研真题text1：vBy 1996 foreign-born immigrants had a home ownership

21、rate of 75.6 percent,higher than the 69.8 percent rate among native-born Americans.vBy 1996 foreign-bornv到到1996年为止，外国出生的年为止，外国出生的vamong native-bornv本土的本土的372006年考研真题年考研真题text1：vimmigrants had a home ownership rate of 75.6 percent,higher than the 69.8 percent rate Americans.v美国的外国出生的移民拥有美国的外国出生的移民拥有7

22、5.6%的住宅率，的住宅率，这比美国人的这比美国人的69.8%的拥有率还要高。的拥有率还要高。38vBy 1996 foreign-born immigrants who had arrived before 1970 had a home ownership rate of 75.6 percent,higher than the 69.8 percent rate among native-born Americans.v到到1996年为止，年为止，1970年前来到美国的外国出生年前来到美国的外国出生的移民拥有的移民拥有75.6%的住宅率，这比美国本国人的住宅率，这比美国本国人的的69.8

23、%的拥有率还要高。的拥有率还要高。39text2：vStratford-on-Avon,as we all know,has only one industry-William Shakespeare-but there are two distinctly separate and increasingly hostile branches.v找找 but 40text2：vStratford-on-Avon,as we all know,has only one industry-William Shakespeare-but there are two distinctly separa

24、te and increasingly hostile branches.v找找 but 41text2：vStratford-on-Avon,as we all know,has only one industry-William Shakespeare-but there are two distinctly separate and increasingly hostile branches.v找引导从句的词？找引导从句的词？42text2：vStratford-on-Avon,as we all know,has only one industry-William Shakespear

25、e-but there are two distinctly separate and increasingly hostile branches.v找修饰成分找修饰成分43text2：vStratford-on-Avon,as we all know,has only one industry-William Shakespeare-but there are two distinctly separate and increasingly hostile branches.vAs we all knowv正如我们所知的正如我们所知的vdistinctly separate and incr

26、easingly hostilev截然不同并且越来越互相敌对的截然不同并且越来越互相敌对的 vincreasingly:不断增加的，日益不断增加的，日益 11次次44vStratford-on-Avon,has only one industry-William Shakespeare-but there are two branches.vStratford-on-Avon镇只有一个产业镇只有一个产业威廉威廉莎士比亚莎士比亚但是，却存在着两个的分支。但是，却存在着两个的分支。4546vThey all seem to look alike(though they come from all

27、over)-lean,pointed,dedicated faces,wearing jeans and sandals,eating their buns and bedding down for the night on the flagstones outside the theatre to buy the 20 seats and 80 standing-room tickets held for the sleepers and sold to them when the box office opens at 10:30 a.m.v分上身与下身分上身与下身47vThey all

28、seem to look alike(though they come from all over)-lean,pointed,dedicated faces,wearing jeans and sandals,eating their buns and bedding down for the night on the flagstones outside the theatre to buy the 20 seats and 80 standing-room tickets held for the sleepers and sold to them when the box office

29、 opens at 10:30 a.m.v他们看起来都很相像（尽管他们来自各地）他们看起来都很相像（尽管他们来自各地）精瘦的、精瘦的、敏锐的、虔诚的脸庞，穿着牛仔裤和便鞋，吃着面包，在敏锐的、虔诚的脸庞，穿着牛仔裤和便鞋，吃着面包，在剧院外的石板地上打地铺过剧院外的石板地上打地铺过 48Text 4vToday,surrounded by promises of easy happiness,we need art to tell us,as religion once did,Memento mori:remember that you will die,that everything en

30、ds,and that happiness comes not in denying this but in living with it.v找找and but 分上下身分上下身49Text 4vToday,surrounded by promises of easy happiness,we need art to tell us,as religion once did,Memento mori:remember that you will die,that everything ends,and that happiness comes not in denying this but i

31、n living with it.v找找and but,50找纽扣找纽扣vToday,surrounded by promises of easy happiness,we need art to tell us,as religion once did,Memento mori:remember that you will die,that everything ends,and that happiness comes not in denying this but in living with it.v找找and but,51开始脱开始脱vToday,surrounded by prom

32、ises of easy happiness,we need art to tell us,as religion once did,Memento mori:remember that you will die,that everything ends,vas religion once didv正如宗教以前这样做的正如宗教以前这样做的v如今，我们被易得的幸福承诺包围着，我们需要如今，我们被易得的幸福承诺包围着，我们需要艺术告诉我们，记住你会死的，万物都会终结的艺术告诉我们，记住你会死的，万物都会终结的52vand that happiness comes not in denying th

33、is but in living with it.v当然幸福伴不是拒绝这些而是伴随这些。当然幸福伴不是拒绝这些而是伴随这些。532007年年 text 2vIn his article“How Intelligent Is Intelligence Testing?”,Sternberg notes that traditional test best assess analytical and verbal skills but fail to measure creativity and practical knowledge,components also critical to pro

34、blem solving and life success.v找，找，,and,but542007年年 text 2vIn his article“How Intelligent Is Intelligence Testing?”,Sternberg notes that traditional test best assess analytical and verbal skills but fail to measure creativity and practical knowledge,components also critical to problem solving and li

35、fe success.v找找 which，that等引导的从句等引导的从句552007年年 text 2vIn his article“How Intelligent Is Intelligence Testing?”,Sternberg notes that traditional test best assess analytical and verbal skills but fail to measure creativity and practical knowledge,components also critical to problem solving and life suc

36、cess.v简单的修饰成分简单的修饰成分562007年年 text 2vIn his article“How Intelligent Is Intelligence Testing?”,Sternberg notes that traditional test best assess analytical and verbal skills but fail to measure creativity and practical knowledge,components also critical to problem solving and life success.v简单的修饰成分简单的修

37、饰成分vanalytical and verbal 分析与语言分析与语言vpractical 实际实际valso 也（注意）也（注意）vsolving 解决解决57开始脱开始脱vIn his article“How Intelligent Is Intelligence Testing?”,Sternberg notes v在其名为在其名为“智力测试如何明智？智力测试如何明智？”这篇文章中，这篇文章中，斯顿伯格指出，斯顿伯格指出，vthat traditional test best assess skills but fail to measure creativity and knowle

38、dge,components critical to problem and life success.v传统的测试最恰当地评估了能力，传统的测试最恰当地评估了能力，但没有但没有测量创测量创造性和实际知识，这些也是解决问题、在生活中造性和实际知识，这些也是解决问题、在生活中取得成功的关键因素。取得成功的关键因素。vfail 6次次 没有没有58v4.We can conclude from the last paragraph thatvA test scores may not be reliable indicators of ones ability.vB IQ scores and S

39、AT results are highly correlated.vC testing involves a lot of guesswork.vD traditional test are out of date.59v4.We can conclude from the last paragraph thatvA test scores may not be reliable indicators of ones ability.vB IQ scores and SAT results are highly correlated.vC testing involves a lot of g

40、uesswork.vD traditional test are out of date.60vFor much of the past year,President Bush campaigned to move Social Security to a saving-account model,with retirees trading much or all of their guaranteed payments for payments depending on investment returns.v找找，,and,but等等61vFor much of the past year

41、,President Bush campaigned to move Social Security to a saving-account model,with retirees trading much or all of their guaranteed payments for payments depending on investment returns.v找从句找从句v找修饰成分找修饰成分62vFor much of the past year,President Bush campaigned to move Social Security to a saving-accoun

42、t model,with retirees trading much or all of their guaranteed payments for payments depending on investment returns.v找从句找从句v找修饰成分找修饰成分63vtrading much or all of their guaranteed payments for payments depending on investment returns.v修饰成分修饰成分vmuch or all of their guaranteedv大多数或全部有保障的大多数或全部有保障的vdepend

43、ing on investment returnsv依靠投资回报所得的依靠投资回报所得的v退休人员将其大多数或全部有保障报酬用来交换退休人员将其大多数或全部有保障报酬用来交换依靠投资回报所得的报酬。依靠投资回报所得的报酬。64vFor much of the past year,President Bush campaigned to move Social Security to a saving-account model,with retirees trading much or all of their guaranteed payments for payments dependin

44、g on investment returns.v在去年的大多数时间里，布什总统一直致力于将在去年的大多数时间里，布什总统一直致力于将社会保险体制转变成一种储蓄存款账户模式社会保险体制转变成一种储蓄存款账户模式要求退休人员将其大多数或所有保障报酬用来交要求退休人员将其大多数或所有保障报酬用来交换依靠投资回报所得的报酬。换依靠投资回报所得的报酬。65v3.According to the author,health-savings plans willvA help reduce the cost of healthcare.vB popularize among the middle clas

45、s.vC compensate for the reduced pensions.vD increase the families investment risk.66v3.According to the author,health-savings plans willvA help reduce the cost of healthcare.vB popularize among the middle class.vC compensate for the reduced pensions.vD increase the families investment risk.672008年年

46、text3vThough typically about two inches taller now than 140 years ago,todays people especially those born to families who have lived in the U.S.for many generations apparently reached their limit in the early 1960s.v找，找，,and,but之类之类vThough 是一个隐形的是一个隐形的but682008年年 text3vThough typically about two inc

47、hes taller now than 140 years ago,todays people especially those born to families who have lived in the U.S.for many generations apparently reached their limit in the early 1960s.v找找 ，,and,but之类之类692008年年 text3vThough typically about two inches taller now than 140 years ago,todays people especially

48、those born to families who have lived in the U.S.for many generations apparently reached their limit in the early 1960s.v找从句找从句702008年年 text3vThough typically about two inches taller now than 140 years ago,todays people especially those born to families who have lived in the U.S.for many generations

49、 apparently reached their limit in the early 1960s.v在美国生活了好几代在美国生活了好几代712008年年 text3vThough typically about two inches taller now than 140 years ago,todays people especially those born to families apparently reached their limit in the early 1960s.v找修饰成分找修饰成分722008年年 text3vThough typically about two

50、inches taller now than 140 years ago,todays people especially those born to families apparently reached their limit in the early 1960s.vtypically 典型的典型的 4次次v尤其是那些家庭尤其是那些家庭vapparently 显然地显然地732008年年 text3vThough about two inches taller now than 140 years ago,todays people reached their limit in the e

51、arly 1960s.v尽管比尽管比140年之前高了年之前高了2英寸，如今的人们在英寸，如今的人们在20世纪世纪60年代初九达到了身高极限。年代初九达到了身高极限。7475v5.The text intends to tell us thatvA the change of human height follows a cyclic pattern.vB human height is becoming even more predictable.vC Americans have reached their genetic growth limit.vD the genetic patter

52、n of Americans has altered.76LOGO77v一词多义专题一词多义专题v近照？近照？v近距离照片？近距离照片？v近期照片？近期照片？78一词多义一词多义vconcern 19次次 v涉及，关系到涉及，关系到vcost 33v成本成本 代价代价 花费花费venterprise 5v事业，进取心事业，进取心v与人搭配时与人搭配时vOrient 4v东方东方 定定.方位方位vprocess 29v过程过程 加工加工 79vsentence 9v句子句子 宣判宣判v当主语为与法律有关的当主语为与法律有关的vconfidence 6v信心信心 机密机密vresponsible

53、8v负责的负责的 可靠的可靠的vaccount 17v账目账目 解释解释 （for）说明）说明 占占80vapproach 13v方法方法 接近接近van approach to.vintelligence 8v智力智力 情报情报vessential 10v（to）必要的，）必要的，必不可少的必不可少的v本质的本质的 本质，必需品本质，必需品vindentify 9v识别，鉴别识别，鉴别 indentify A with B 把把.和和.看成一样看成一样81vtend 24 v趋向趋向 +to 照料照料vsolution 3v解答解答 溶解溶解vschool 40v学校学校 大学里的学院大学里

54、的学院 学派学派vfair 8v公平的公平的 相当的相当的 交易会交易会82vresult 26vresult in 导致导致vresult from 由由.引起引起vargue 18v认为认为vyield 3v（to）屈服）屈服 生产，让步生产，让步vissue 16 v争论的问题争论的问题 发行发行83vsignificance 4v重要性重要性 含义、意义含义、意义vdoctor 12v博士，博士，医生医生 伪造，伪造，篡改篡改vactivity 8v活性活性 活动活动vwitness 8v目击者目击者 作证作证vclimate 3v气候气候 社会风气社会风气84vstock 8v库存库

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