考研考博-英语-湖南吉利汽车职业技术学院考研模拟卷I【3套】含答案详解

《考研考博-英语-湖南吉利汽车职业技术学院考研模拟卷I【3套】含答案详解》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《考研考博-英语-湖南吉利汽车职业技术学院考研模拟卷I【3套】含答案详解（170页珍藏版）》请在装配图网上搜索。

1、住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-湖南吉利汽车职业技术学院考研模拟卷【3套】含答案详解（图片大小可任意调节）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第一卷一.单项选择题(共100题)1.People have speculated for centuries about a future without work.Today is no different，with academics，writers，and activists once again 1 that technology is replacing human workers.Some imagine that the

2、coming work-free world will be defined by 2.：A few wealthy people will own all the capital，and the masses will struggle in an impoverished wasteland.A different and not mutually exclusive 3 holds that the future will be a wasteland of a different sort，one 4 by purposelessness：Without jobs to give th

3、eir lives 5，people will simply become lazy and depressed.6，todays unemployed dont seem to be having a great time.One Gallup poll found that 20 percent of Americans who have been unemployed for at least a year report having depression，double the rate for 7 Americans.Also，some research suggests that t

4、he 8 for rising rates of mortality，mental-health problems，and addicting 9 poorly-educated，middle-aged people is a shortage of well-paid jobs.Perhaps this is why many 10 the agonizing dullness of a jobless future.But it doesnt 11 follow from findings like these that a world without work would be fill

5、ed with unease.Such visions are based on the 12 of being unemployed in a society built on the concept of employment.In the 13 of work，a society designed with other ends in mind could 14 strikingly different circumstances for the future of labor and leisure.Today，the 15 of work may be a bit overblown

6、.“Many jobs are boring，degrading，unhealthy，and a waste of human potential，”says John Danaher，a lecturer at the National University of Ireland in Galway.These days，because leisure time is relatively 16 for most workers，people use their free time to counterbalance the intellectual and emotional 17 of

7、their jobs.“When I come home from a hard days work，I often feel 18，”Danaher says，adding，“In a world in which I dont have to work，I might feel rather different”perhaps different enough to throw himself 19 a hobby or a passion project with the intensity usually reserved for 20 matters.3选？A.policyB.gui

8、delineC.resolutionD.prediction答案：D 本题解析：语义衔接题。空格前一句描述了一些人对于“没有工作的世界”的猜想（imagine），本句承上启下，表述了另一些人的不同观点，因此空格处应填入“猜想”的近义词，prediction意为“预测；语言”，最符合题意，故选D。2.Higher cognitive abilities may come with a pitfall-a susceptibility to judging people based on stereotypes.A new study from New York University l that

9、 highly intelligent people are quicker to learn stereotypes and base decisions off them.It may come down 2 someones ability to detect and encode patterns.Its not all bad news 3,as these high-intelligence people are likely to quickly update and 4 their ideas on stereotypes when introduced to new info

10、rmation.For the study,1,257 individuals were shown a（n）5 0f computerized male faces that were paired with a description of past behavior,either positive or negative However,the researchers manipulated avatar faces 6 people with noses that were purposely wider were associated with negative traits,7.t

11、hose with more narrow noses were associated with positive traits.8this,individuals were asked to complete a task in 9 they had to trust an individual online who was represented by an avatar face 10 those the volunteers were shown in the trait association task.Individuals who 11 higher on pattern det

12、ection,12 0f higher intelligence,were also more likely to associate wider noses with negative traits,and were 13 likely to trust wide-nosed avatars in the final task.Pattern detection is an essential part of human intelligence,and is one of the main features that helped our brains evolve 14 what the

13、y are today,but the skill has its limits.Finding that higher pattern detection ability 15 people at greater risk to detect and apply stereotypes,but also to reverse them,implicates this ability as a cognitive mechanism 16 stereotyping,added co-author Jonathan Freeman in a statement.While stereotypes

14、 can be useful and a way to avoid danger,17 associating police officers with safety or gunmen with danger,there are pitfalls t0 18 people based on a generally held idea.Stereotypes cause you to judge people 19.knowing anything about them-we wouldnt want others to do that to us,20 why not afford them

15、 the same Courtesy 2选？A.aboutB.toC.onD.with答案：B 本题解析：本题考查上下文语义十固定搭配。由上文研究结论“高智商人群易基于模式化思维评判人”到空格句“他们对模式的察觉和编码能力”可推知，空格上下文可能为“指出现象说明原因”的逻辑，选项中能与come down连用，表示原因的介词只有B.L。3.For months Twitter.the micro-blogging service,has received the kind of free attention of which most companies can only dream.Polit

16、icians,corporate bosses,activists and citizens l the plat-form to calch every tweet of Americas new president,who has become the services 2.The whole world is watching Twitter,3 Jack Dorsey,the companys chief executive,4 he presented its results on February 9th.He has litde else to brag about.But Do

17、nald Trump has not provided the kind of boost the 5 firm really needs.It reported 6 revenue growth and a loss of$167m.User growth has been sluggish,too:it added just 2m users in that period.Facebook added 72m.The day of the results,shares in Twitter dropped by 12qo.7 news oudeLs around the world alr

18、eady report 8 Mr Trumps most sensationaJ tweets,many do not feel compelled to join the platform t0 9 them.OLhers are 10 by mobs of trolls and large amounts of misinformation.And not 11 Mr Trvmp could change the cold,hard truth about Twitter:that it can never be Facebook.True,it has become one of the

19、 most important 12 for public and political 13 among its 319m monthly users.It played an important role in the Arab spring and 14 such as Black Lives MaUer.BuL the platforms freewheeling nature makes it hard to spin gold from.15,really trying to do so-by packing Twitter feeds 16 advertising,say-woul

20、d drive away users.Twitters latest results are likely to encourage those who think it should never have become a 17 listed company,and want it to consider alternate models of ownership,such as a co-operative.They 18 Twitter as a kind of public utility-apeoples platform-the management of which should

21、 concem public 19 rather more than commercial ones.If the company were coop-eratively owned by users,it would be 20 from short-term pressure to please its investors and meet earrungs targets.10选？A.given upB.taken awayC.put offD.sent back答案：C 本题解析：词组辨析题。Agiven up放弃；Btaken away带走；Cput off推迟，阻止，使对失去兴趣；

22、Dsent back送回。该段最后两句讲述推特用户增长缓慢的原因，其中该句是第二个原因：Others are 10 by mobs of irolls and large amounts of misinformation.其中mobs of trolls可以理解为“网络喷子”，large amounts of misinformation意为“大量虚假信息”，该句说明其他人因为这些网络喷子和虚假信息对推特失去兴趣，故该空选择put off。注意：given up不能与by-起用，given up by变成“被放弃”，其他人被网络喷子和虚假信息放弃，显然不符合逻辑，故不选A。本题答案为C。4.

23、Text 3 Even in traditional offices,“the lingua franca of corporate America has gotten much more emotional and much more right-brained than it was 20 years ago,”said Harvard Business School professor Nancy Koehn.She started spinning off examples.“If you and I parachuted back to Fortune 500 companies

24、in 1990,we would see much less frequent use of terms like journey,mission,passion.There were goals,there were strategies,there were objectives,but we didnt talk about energy;we didnt talk about passion.”Koehn pointed out that this new era of corporate vocabulary is very“team”-orientedand not by coin

25、cidence.“Lets not forget sportsin male-dominated corporate America,its still a big deal.Its not explicitly conscious;its the idea that Im a coach,and youre my team,and were in this together.There are lots and lots of CEOs in very different companies,but most think of themselves as coaches and this i

26、s their team and they want to win.”These terms are also intended to infuse work with meaningand,as Khurana,another professor,points out,increase allegiance to the firm.“You have the importation of terminology that historically used to be associated with non-profit organizations and religious organiz

27、ations:terms likevision,values,passion,and purpose,”said Khurana.This new focus on personal fulfillment can help keep employees motivated amid increasingly loud debates over work-life balance.The“mommy wars”of the 1990s are still going on today,prompting arguments about why women still cant have it

28、all and books like Sheryl Sandbergs Lean In,whose title has become a buzzword in its own right.Terms like unplug,offline,life-hack,bandwidth,and capacity are all about setting boundaries between the office and the home.But if your work is your“passion,”youll be more likely to devote yourself to it,e

29、ven if that means going home for dinner and then working long after the kids are in bed.But this seems to be the irony of office speak:Everyone makes fun of it,but managers love it,companies depend on it,and regular people willingly absorb it.As linguist once said,“You can get people to think its no

30、nsense at the same time that you buy into it.”In a workplace thats fundamentally indifferent to your life and its meaning,office speak can help you figure out how you relate to your workand how your work defines who you are.Which of the following statements is true about office speak?A.Managers admi

31、re it but avoid itB.Linguists believe it to be nonsenseC.Companies find it to be fundamentalD.Regular people mock it but accept it答案：D 本题解析：细节题【命题思路】本题形式上（Which is true？）像推理题，实质上是一道细节题。主要考查考生对相关信息的精准理解及把握，及有效排除干扰信息的能力。【直击答案】根据题干关键信息“office speak”定位到末段首句。需特别注意这句话的结构：本句是一个转折句，包含两个不同的层面，列举了不同类别的人对“offi

32、ce speak”的不同态度。一一比对选项，确定最佳答案5.Today,some 30%of small business owners dont have a Web presence at all,while the vast majority who do are watching their sites sit stale,waiting and wanting for business.Where did things go wrong?There are common principles followed by those whose dreams of online succe

33、ss have become reality.41.Thinking of your site as your online storefront,built around delivering the highest-quality customer experience from the moment your customer steps through thedoor.Years ago,I worked with a woman who sold purses online through a home-built site that lacked criticale-commerc

34、e components.After a simple redesign including product descriptions,comprehensive navigation,and a secure,user-friendly ordering system,her revenue increased fivefold.And she began receiving rave reviews from customers impressed with the ease and convenience ofthe online shopping experience.42.If yo

35、u arent seeing a large volume of targeted traffic to your site,its time to up the ante.One of my past clients had a well-designed physical storefront,solid prices,and quality offerings.However,he wasnt able to drive enough store traffic despite targeted advertising efforts in print publications and

36、other offline venues.We decided to shift those ad dollars to an online pay-per-click campaign-in which the advertiser pays whenever someone clicks on its entry posted during the course of a site search based on keywords relevant to his business.The immediate impact was staggering Online revenue soar

37、ed tenfold to Sl million from Sl00,000 within only a few months.43.Containing discounts,news,or friendly service reminders.Use discount promotional offers to stay in touch with past visitors to your site.One villa rental company had a Web site that generated very few calls and online bookings.I help

38、ed the company set up alast minute dealsdistribution list.By subscribing,site visitors would receive weekly e-mails offering llth-hour discounts on villa rentals.As a result,the company captured contact information for thousands of possible customers,reduced its unused inventory to almost zero,and i

39、ncreased revenue significantly.44.While pay-per-click Internet advertising is much more cost-effective than traditional media channels,bundling products together will not only increase your sales revenue,but also enable you to get more out of your per-click ad rates.A manufacturing company selling$5

40、0 items was having trouble justifying the cost of online keyword ads.By bundling products to create packages of$100 0r more and advertising to wholesale customers looking to buy in bulk,the manufacturer dropped its sales representative agencies and focused on large-volume buyers,such as Wal-Mart and

41、 Target.Needless to say,the company had no trouble exceeding its yearly sales quota.45.Your site may be live,but how is it performing?Armed with these simple lessons,vow to make your business realize the true promise ofthe Internet.44选？A.Measure your progressB.Integrate customer loyalty programs and

42、 promotionsC.Just because you built it doesnt mean theyII comeD.Justify your monthly spending through product bundlingE.Build your site around your customerF.Improve the quality ofyour productsG.Make a selling plan答案：D 本题解析：文章接下来的内容则指出这种方法不仅可以增加销售收入，还可以使你从网络点击销售中受益更多。接着又围绕“捆绑销售”展开论述。D项中出现了bundling-词

43、，而文章以一个生产公司为例，论证这种销售方式使销售额得到了提高。所以该题的小标题是“通过产品捆绑销售来证明你每月开销的必要性”。故D项为正确选项。6.Text 1 In January commuters voted Birmingham New Street one of Britains worst railway stations.Each day nearly 150.000 people move through a structure built for half as many.But by next year it will be transformed.with 400 to

44、nnes of undulating steel cladding and a vaguely eyeball appearance.The station will havethe wow factor,boasts Sir Albert Bore,the leader of Birmingham city council.It will also show how much attitudes to railway stations have changed.Railxvay stations are the chief exception to the rule that Britain

45、 invests too little in infrastructure.Of the I 7 big termini managed by Network Rail,the owner of Britains tracks,11 are being redeveloped or have recently been completed.Five other stations,including Reading and Northampton,are being spruced up by local councils and Network Rail.Somc simply need to

46、 be expanded:the number of train journeys has risen by 35%since 2005.But the design of New Street suggests aspirations well beyond more easeful travel.The building would not look out of place in Dubai and is striking,if slightly incongruous,in the grey West Midlands.City planners wanted something mo

47、numental,like Grand Central station in New York,says Sir Bernard Zissman,chaiman of the independent design paneLTwenty or thirty years ago business people were more likely to arrive in a city by car,explains Jon Neale of Jones Lang LaSatle,a property specialist.Town planners duly carved out motorway

48、s and roundabouts to entice them.In 1962 a local politician claimed that a new design for Birmingham,involving an inner ring road,would make itone ofthe finest city centres in Europe.Cities now measure their appeal by their stations.Businesses cluster around them:at Kings Cross,a once-grimy part of

49、north London,a postcode has been created for all the new buildings around the station,which was redeveloped in 2013.John Lewis,an upmarket department store,will open in the mall above New Street（which is indeed calledGrand Central）along with 60 0ther shops.The council hopes it will pull in visitors

50、to the city.Such ambition recalls the stations ofthe 19th century.Those structuresspoke to the corporate sensibility of a city,says Tristram Hunt,an MP and historian,by combining commerce with the sheen of civic pride.The first New Street station,built in 1851,had the largest single-span roofin the

51、country at the time.It was tom down by enthusiastic 1960s town planners.Now some ofits original lustre may retum.It can be inferred from the text that the aspiration ofNew Street design is_.A.to produce more comfortable travelB.to improve the citys infrastructureC.to build a landmark placeD.to make

52、the railway station a finest city center in Europe答案：C 本题解析：事实细节题。根据定位词定位在文章的第三段，定位词出现在第二句，但是建造火车站的最终目的在结尾处有体现，即City planners wanted something monumental,like Grand Central station in New York,says Sir Bemard Zissman，chairman of the independent design paneJ（独立设计小组主席Bemard Zissman爵士解释说，城市规划者想要建设一些像纽约

53、的中央车站一样的具有里程碑意义的建筑物。）与这一信息相对应的选项为C项to build a landmark place“建设一个地标”，故C项为正确选项。【干扰排除】A项虽然在段落中有体现，但是文中说改良的初衷不仅仅是提供“更舒适的旅行”，因此该选项排除。B项是比较符合客观事实的信息，但在段落中没有体现。D项在段落中也没有体现，因此也应当排除。7.Its no secret that most of us dont get enough sleep and suffer for it.If youre between the ages of 16 and 64,1 dont get seve

54、n to nine hours ofsleep per night,your logical 2,executive function,attention,and mood can be impaired.3,severe sleep deprivation can lead to depression,anxiety,and 4 ofparanoia（妄想症）.In the long run,sleep deprivation is a main 5 to the nsk ofdementia and Alzheimers disease.6,one group that doesnt ne

55、ed to heed these warnings i.s executives.In our 7 of 35,000 leaders and interviews with 250 more,we found that the more seruor a persons 8 is,the more sleep they get.There are tw0 9 explanations for this.Either senior executives,with the help of_10 and hard-working middle managers,do less and take m

56、ore time for sleep.Or senior executives have had the 11 and discipline throughout their career to get enough sleep and 12 maintain a high performance level without 13.Our conclusion is that the latter is the 14.Sleep has always been foundational for my performance,Ceest Hart,president and CEO of Car

57、lsberg Group,shared with us.And 15 to perform in a way that is required by my current job,I need seven hours of sleep,every night.Of course,with 16 travel and work commitments,sometimes this is 17,and when that happens,it comes with a cost.When I sleep less,I perform less.18,our data found that 68%o

58、fnon-executive leaders get five to seven hours of sleep per night.When there are not enough hours in the day,they 19 some from the night.Many leaders stay up late to catch up on email or other tasks.According to our research,this tendency is widespread,20 gender.4选？A.exposuresB.dilemmasC.consequence

59、sD.symptoms答案：D 本题解析：上下文语义及名词辨析题。根据句意，更糟的是，严重的睡眠不足会导致抑郁、焦虑和妄想症。观察各选项，严重的睡眠不足导致妄想症的症状更符合上下文语义及逻辑故D项为正确选项。【干扰排除】A项exposures（of paranoia）“（妄想症的）暴露”B项dilemmas（ofparanoia）“（妄想症的）困境”，均搭配不当；c项consequences（of paranoia）“（妄想症造成的）结果”，文中并没有这种因果关系。故均排除。8.Text 3 The power and ambition of the giants of the digital

60、 economy is astonishingAmazon has just announced the purchase of the upmarket grocery chain Whole Foods for$13.5bn，but two years ago Facebook paid even more than that to acquire the WhatsApp messaging service，which doesnt have any physical product at all.What WhatsApp offered Facebook was an intrica

61、te and finely detailed web of its usersfriendships and social lives.Facebook promised the European commission then that it would not link phone numbers to Facebook identities，but it broke the promise almost as soon as the deal went through.Even without knowing what was in the messages，the knowledge

62、of who sent them and to whom was enormously revealing and still could be.What political journalist，what party whip，would not want to know the makeup of the WhatsApp groups in which Theresa Mays enemies are currently plotting?It may be that the value of Whole Foods to Amazon is not so much the 460 sh

63、ops it owns,but the records of which customers have purchased what.Competition law appears to be the only way to address these imbalances of power.But it is clumsy.For one thing,it is very slow compared to the pace of change within the digital economy.By the time a problem has been addressed and rem

64、edied it may have vanished in the marketplace,to be replaced by new abuses of power.But there is a deeper conceptual problem,too.Competition law as presently interpreted deals with financial disadvantage to consumers and this is not obvious when the users of these services dont pay for them.The users of their services are not their customers.That would be the people who buy advertising from themand Facebook and Google，the two virtual giants，dominate digital advertising to the disadvantage of all other media and entertainment compani