《阅读细节描述题》PPT课件

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1、阅读理解阅读理解-事实细节题事实细节题 阅读理解题阅读理解题事实细节题事实细节题判断推理题判断推理题词义猜测题词义猜测题深层理解题深层理解题阅读理解题的类型阅读理解题的类型:什么是事实细节题什么是事实细节题事实细节题主要是考查学生事实细节题主要是考查学生是否能抓住会直接影响到读是否能抓住会直接影响到读者对全文理解的某些重要细者对全文理解的某些重要细节的能力节的能力.它多数是针对文章它多数是针对文章或段落中的细节而设计的或段落中的细节而设计的.这这种类型的题需要考生将选项种类型的题需要考生将选项仔细推敲而定仔细推敲而定.看图表了解近六年高考阅读理解题中事实看图表了解近六年高考阅读理解题中事实细节

2、题的分布情况细节题的分布情况.事实细节题事实细节题 年年号号 题型题型200220032004200520062007细节细节题题 4 5 5 6 8 9 此类题常见的问题形式有此类题常见的问题形式有:According to the passage,what,when,where,who,why,how,which?Which of the following is/isnt true?According to the passage,which of the following is mentioned?In the passage the writer states that Which

3、 is the right order of the events?All the following statements are true(not true)except_.二二.细节题的选题特点细节题的选题特点:1.直接细节题直接细节题:以以 who,what,when,where,which,why,how,how many,how much 等开头的问句等开头的问句.一般可以在文章中直接找到答案一般可以在文章中直接找到答案,但是不可但是不可能与阅读材料一模一样能与阅读材料一模一样,而是用不同的词语而是用不同的词语或句型表达相同的意思或句型表达相同的意思.即题干即题干+正确选项的信息正

4、确选项的信息=/原文中某句的原文中某句的信息信息 (见成都市见成都市2008年摸底测试年摸底测试 B篇篇60题：题：)60.How old is Rochelle Cohen now?A.15 years old B.20 years old C.35 years old D.50 years oldThis is what happened at Rochelle Cohens 15th birthday party.Only now,20 years later,can she and her father talk about it.2.间接细节题间接细节题:为了增加试题的难度为了增加试

5、题的难度,命题者有时故意给命题者有时故意给考题增加一些文字干扰和意义干扰考题增加一些文字干扰和意义干扰.文字干扰文字干扰就是使用同义词或同义结就是使用同义词或同义结构构,使选项中的词语或结构与阅读材使选项中的词语或结构与阅读材料中所使用的词语或结构不同但意料中所使用的词语或结构不同但意义相近义相近.例如例如:2007年高考年高考 D篇篇67题题67.Dr.Merzenichs training method mainly depends on _.A.speech training B.computer languages C.the activities one joins in D.the

6、 information being dealt with Since much of the data we receive comes through speech,the Brain Fitness Program works with language and hearing to better speed and accuracy(准确性准确性).depend on 再如再如:2007年成都市零诊年成都市零诊C C篇篇6666题题 66.Sometimes several doctors set up a group medical practice mainly because _

7、.its difficult for one doctor to take care of too many patients they can take turns to work for long hours facilities may be too much of burden for one doctor to shoulderA.no one wants to take too much responsibilitySetting up a medical practice is expensive,too.Sometimes several doctors will decide

8、 to establish a group practice,so they can share the expense of maintaining an office and buying equipment.2)意义干扰意义干扰是指正确答案的细节与非是指正确答案的细节与非正确答案的细节相混杂正确答案的细节相混杂.此类题分为此类题分为两种两种:A:有时一个选项部分正确有时一个选项部分正确,部分错误部分错误.例如例如:2006年成都市二诊语篇年成都市二诊语篇C 第第64题题 64.According to the author,_.A.people used to doubt the val

9、ue of college education B.people used to believe in higher education of college C.nearly half of the high school graduates went to collegeD.fewer high school graduates had the chance to go to college.And now that close to half our high school graduates are attending college,As a common practice,high

10、 school leavers ought to go to college,because college will help them earn more money,become“better”people,and learn to be more responsible citizens than those who dont.B.有的选项似乎能在原文中找到原有的选项似乎能在原文中找到原词或原句词或原句,但经过仔细分析后但经过仔细分析后,发现发现意义与答题不相符意义与答题不相符.例如例如:2007年高考年高考 E 篇篇72题题72.While at high school,the wr

11、iter _.A.had plans for reading B.learned to educate himself C.only read books over 100 pages D.read only one book several times I included only once a title I might have read several times.(How,after all,could one read a book more than once?)I included only those books over a hundred pages in length

12、.(Could anything shorter be a book?)I merely determined to make a list of all the books I had ever read.再如:2007年成都市零诊A篇58题:58.According to this passage,all of the following are true except that _.this program makes a change in your lifestyle this program can stop you from feeling hungry all the time

13、 C.this program allows you 1,700 to 2,000 calories for each mealD.this program tries to tell us what people should do to become slim It offers control over stomach and continuing hunger with a dense diet allowing 1,700 to 2,000 calories a day.一一.符合一般规律或常识符合一般规律或常识,但在但在文章中无相关细节表述选项属于文章中无相关细节表述选项属于读者自

14、己主观想像读者自己主观想像,而非文章内而非文章内容容.如如:2007绵阳一诊阅读绵阳一诊阅读 B 篇篇 61 题题 此类题常出现的误此类题常出现的误区区61.We know from the passage that _.the writer always helped old people shopping in the street.The writers face would be all right in a weeks time The woman in the story was often afraid of strangersA.The woman first knew abo

15、ut the writers intention Its a kind of foam with a colored dye in it and it leaves its mark for about seven days.二二.考生没有正确或充分理解考生没有正确或充分理解题干的信息。题干的信息。如：如：2007年成都市二诊考试年成都市二诊考试A篇第篇第58题：题：58.What is special about the Palace State rooms?A.They are open to the public for two months every yearB.They are u

16、sed by the Royal Family for their daily life.C.They have quite a lot of furniture of high quality.D.They have the finest works of art from the Royal collectionyou can also visit The Queens Gallery and enjoy some of the finest paintings and works of art from the Royal Collection.These rooms are used

17、by the Royal Family on ceremonial occasions and are lavishly(奢华地奢华地)furnished with some of the finest English and French furniture you cant see anywhere in the world.三三.选项理解错误。这选项理解错误。这类失误在考试中出现的类失误在考试中出现的频率最高。频率最高。如如:成都市成都市2008年摸底测试年摸底测试 A篇篇 58题题:58.After reading the passage,we know that in China_.

18、many young people are playing online games for fun many young people are getting addicted to online games only those under 25 like to play online games for long periodsA.80 percent of the Chinese depend on online games to get relaxedabout 80 percent of Chinas 13.8 million online game players were un

19、der 25.It has also a high number of game players who are addicted to online games.Question:Endless mysteries are solved every year by _.detectives who like Hausman detectives like Hausman other kinds of detectives who like HausmanA.detectives Dr.Hausman likesDr.Hausman is a hair detective.There are

20、other kinds of detectives who do not wear a uniform,like Hausman,solve endless mysteries every year.一一.先快速通读全文先快速通读全文,在此过程中留在此过程中留意每一段的大意意每一段的大意;二二.分析题干要求分析题干要求,找出信息词找出信息词,通过通过信息词来锁定该题在文章中的位置信息词来锁定该题在文章中的位置三三.分析找出的句子与四个选项中分析找出的句子与四个选项中的哪一个最接近的哪一个最接近,意义最接近的选意义最接近的选项为正确选项项为正确选项总结总结解题中的三个注意解题中的三个注意:一一.注意题干的具体意义注意题干的具体意义二二.注意文章中找出的句子的真实含注意文章中找出的句子的真实含义义;注意是否有干扰注意是否有干扰三三.注意正确理解选项的含义注意正确理解选项的含义