六年级上学期语法重点归纳

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1、 六年级上学期语法重点归纳一、 动词原形。1. can/cant +动原 如： I can play basketball. I cant sing the song. 情态动词后加动原。情态动词有 can should may must2. Do/Does+ +动原 如：Do you play the violin? Does she do housework? Did + +动原 如：Did you go to the farm last week? 3. dont/doesnt +动原 如：We dont work on Sundays. He doesnt go to school.

2、didnt + +动原 如：We didnt see a film yesterday.4.主（非三单） +动原 如：I go to school every day.5.Lets +动原 如： Lets do some exercise. Let+人称宾格+动原 6.Shall we +动原 如： Shall we watch TV?7.祈使句把动原放句首 如：Touch your feet with your fingers. 8.help +动原 如：Trees help keep the air clean.二、 动词ing 形式1. 拿到题目一定要先判断时态，（时间关键词now/lo

3、ok/listen）They are singing now. 说明现在几点了如：Its 2 oclock, We are having a PE lesson now.具体情境如： Dont sing loudly,my father is sleeping. Where is Liu Tao? He is reading in the library. We cant help you, we are having an English lesson.现在实行时 主+be+动ing 肯定句式：主语+be+动ing+其他 She is singing in the music room no

4、w.否认句式：主语+be+not+动ing+其他 She isnt singing in the music room now.一般疑问句：be+主语+动ing+其他 Is she singing in the music room now? Yes, she is. / No, she isnt.特殊疑问句：疑问词+be+主语+动ing+其他 What is she doing in the music room? 动词ing形式即现在分词的构成：情况构成方法例词一般情况加-ing jump-jumping; see- seeing eat-eating play-playing draw-

5、drawing以不发音的e结尾去e加-ing take-taking; skate-skating; 以重读闭音节结尾、末尾只有一个辅音字母双写末尾辅音字母加-ingget-getting; jog-jogging; run-running; stop-stopping; sit-sitting; put-putting; swim-swimming; shop-shopping; 2. like/love + 动ing 如： I like collecting stamps.3. go + 动ing 如： She often goes climbing.4.how about + 动ing

6、如：How about going to the cinema? 介词后 + 动ing5.特殊句型： do all the cooking and cleaning6.No+动ing 如：It means No smoking.7.start+动ing 如：He starts drawing.三、 to +动原1.would(d) like +to + 动原 如：Id like to visit Shanghai.2.want +to + 动原 如： I want to buy things for the party.3.forget +to + 动原 如：I forget to close

7、 the door.4.need +to + 动原 如：we need to clean the library.5.time +to + 动原 如：Its time to have lunch.6.how +to + 动原 如：How to make a model plane?7.be happy +to + 动原 如：We are happy to see each other8. be sorry +to + 动原 如：Im sorry to hear that.9.try +to + 动原 如：They try to follow the orders.10. be glad +to

8、 + 动原 如：I am glad to see you.11,have+to+动原 如：We have to start the story again.12.be nice +to+动原 如：It was nice to get your email.四、 拿到题目先判断时态。当有on Sundays/ (星期) in the evenings/ in the afternoons/ in the mornings /often/usually/ every /sometimes/ from Monday to Friday/always/ like代表喜欢/ have表示有。的时候表示一

9、般现在时态。一般现在时（1）定义：表示通常性、规律性、习惯性的状态或者动作，表示主语具备的水平等。（2）时间状语：always, often, usually, sometimes, every day( week), on Sundays( Mondays) 等。（3）结构：肯定句：主语+be动词+其他 She is an English teacher.主语（非第三人称单数）+动词原形+其他 I often get up at six.主语（第三人称单数）+动词第三人称单数+其他 My father usually goes to work by car.否认句：主语+be动词+not+其

10、他 She isnt an English teacher.主语（非第三人称单数）+dont+动词原形+其他 I dont often get up at six.主语（第三人称单数）+doesnt +动词原形+其他 My father doesnt usually go to work by car.一般疑问句：Be动词+主语+其他 Is she an English teacher? Yes, she is / No, she isnt.Do+主语（非第三人称单数）+动词原形+其他Do you often get up at six? Yes, I do. / No, I dont.Doe

11、s+主语（第三人称单数）+动词原形+其他Does your father usually go to work by car? Yes, he does. / No, he doesnt.（4）动三单的变化规则：情况构成方法读音例词一般情况加s清辅音后读/s/浊辅音和元音后读/z/like-likes swim-swims以s,x, ch,sh结尾加es读/iz/wash-washes teach-teacheswatch-watches catch-catches以辅音字母+y结尾变y为i，再加es读/iz/study-studies fly- flies以元音字母+y结尾直接在y后加s就能

12、够了。如：buy-buys主（非三单） +动原 如：I go to school every day.主（三单）即一个人或者一个东西。 把人称转化成 he she it + 动（s/es）Yang Ling likes going shopping注意：1.以chsh结尾加es.如：catches/ watches/washes/teaches/touches 2.以y结尾的，当倒数第二个字母是辅音字母的，变y为ies.如：studies 3.特殊的 has/ goes/does 五、一般过去时当时间状语为：ago, just now, yesterday, last, on Monday,

13、this, in 1999等。一般过去时的句子结构: 肯定句式：主语+动词过去式+其他 主语+was/were+其他 否认句式：主语+didnt+动词原形+其他 主语+was/were+not+其他 一般疑问句：Did+主语+动词原形+其他 Was/Were+主语+其他 肯定回答：Yes, 主语+did/ Yes,主语+was/were. 否认回答：No, 主语+didnt./ No, 主语+wasnt/werent. 特殊疑问句：疑问词(what, where, when, why, how等)+did+主语+动词原形+其他 疑问词(what, where, when, why, how等)

14、+was/were+主语+其他Be动词：肯定句：主语+was / were+ 其他 I was at home yesterday.The children were in the playground just now.否认句：主语+wasnt/ werent +其他 I wasnt at home yesterday.The children werent in the playground just now.一般疑问句：Was/ Were +主语+其他Were you at home yesterday? Yes, I was. / No, I wasnt.Were the childr

15、en in the playground just now? Yes, they were. / No, they werent.行为动词：肯定句：主语+动词过去式+其他 Nancy did housework last weekend.否认句：主语didnt+动原+其他 Nancy didnt do housework last weekend.一般疑问句：Did +主语+动原 Did Nancy do housework last weekend?动词过去式变化规则： 动词过去式结尾ed的发音：一般情况直接加-ed以清辅音（除/t/）结尾读作/t/。如，watched，washed，lik

16、ed，danced等。以浊辅音和元音（除/d/）结尾读作/d/。如，lived，watered，showed，turned等。以/t/和/d/结尾的读作/id/。如，visited，shouted，pointed，needed等。以不发音的字母e结尾加d，如：like-liked 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i， 再加-ed，如：study-studied 不规则动词的变化，要逐一熟记： am, is -was, are-were, do-did, go-went, have/hashad, eatate, get -got ，drink-drank, fly-flew, come-cam

17、e, make-made, get-got, sit-sat, see-saw, meet-met, take-took, become-became, buy-bought, bring-brought, wear-wore， meet-met， tell-told，stop-stopped，, write-wrote,read-read，say-said,become-became,lose-lost, can-could,find-found,catch-caught.六、一般将来时态解析a.定义：表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存有的状态，也表示将来经常或重复发生的动作，常与表示将来的时

18、间状语连用。如：tomorrow（）, next week( month, year), this(afternoon, evening, weekend ) soon,等。b.句型结构：be going to动词原形 例句：I am going to buy some new clothes and food .我将要去买一些新衣服和食物。肯定句：主语+ be going to do 如：I am going to play football tomorrow.否认句：主语+ be not going to do 如：I am not going to play football tomor

19、row.一般疑问句：Be +主语+ going to do 如:Are you going to play football tomorrow? 特殊疑问句：疑问词+be +主语+ going to do 注意点：come ,go能够用现在实行时表示一般将来时。例句：The bus is coming soon.(公共汽车一会就来了。) Where are you going? (你将要去哪里？)C. be going +to +动原 表示将要做某事 be going +to +地点 表示将要去某个地方My brother is going to pick apples on the farm

20、 next weekend. 1 2 3 4 1. Who is going to pick apples on the farm next weekend?2. What is your brother going to do on the farm next weekend?3. What is your brother going to pick on the farm next weekend?4. Where is your brother going to pick apples next weekend?六、名词复数：like +名词复数如：I like insects. How

21、 many +名词复数如：How many trees are there in the garden? 种类表示复数 如： catch +名词复数如：I often catch insects.different +名词复数如：We are from different cities.在一般现在时的时态里 on +星期复数 如 She often surf the Internet on Fridays.可数名词前有some/many/lots of /these/those/大于2的数词后面也是名词的复数名词的复数形式：1.直接在名词后加S。2.以s/es/ch/sh/x结尾的名词后加es

22、.如：boxes watches buses 3.以辅音字母加y结尾，。把y变成ies.如studystudies hobbyhobbies librarylibraries butterfly-butterfliescitycities country countries 以元音字母加y结尾，。不要把y变成ies.直接在y后加s如 boy-boys toy -toys day-days holiday-hilidays名词单数 every +名词单数 如： every week every Friday.七、形容词+名词 （“姓名”结构）如：She is a beautiful girl.

23、He is a good student.动词+ 副词 （“豆腐”结构）如：She dances beautifully. He studies well.副词一般是在形容词后加ly 如：quick- quickly careful carefully quietquietly beautiful-beautifully特殊形式 如： fastfast high-high good-well八、介词和动词+人称宾格如：介词in / to / for/ about / on / at/ behind/ under /of /from等等 Listen to me/us/him/her/them/

24、it. In front of me动词 如：join me/us/him/ her/them/it主格 宾格 主格 宾格 I me she her they them he him we us it it you you九、on/in /at 的区别on 后跟具体某一天，on 后跟星期如： on Sunday on Teachersday on Monday morning on Friday afternoonOn 22nd April on后加有Day的节日：on National Day on Chinese New Years Day on Chinese New Years Eve

25、 on the second day of Chinese New YearIn 后跟一个时间段（大于一天或者小于一天） in +月份如： in the morning/ afternoon/ evening in a year in a term in May以下情况比较特殊。What lessons do you have this moring？因为强调了是this moring，指明是今天早上，所以不用加任何介词。at 后跟一个小的时间点或地点如：at home at half past three at night at a shopping centre表示节日的时候 后面有Day

26、 的前面用 on 没有Day的前面用at如：at Easter at Spring Festival at Chinese New Year十固定搭配get for 带给 put in 把放到里面put on 把放到上面 touch with 用触碰show to 把展示给看 考试一定要看题show to是 show 东西 to 某人假如show后跟的是人的话，那就不是这个搭配，而是show某人 东西Show sb sth =show sth to sbGive sb sth =give sth to sb 把东西给某人It time to +动原= Its time for +名词walk

27、through the city 走路穿过城市walk by the house 走过房子边climb up the hill 爬上小山hold onto 紧紧抓住 from all over the world 遍布世界各地be excited about 对感到兴奋 on the Internet 在网上Look out of the window 朝窗外看 wait for 等待laugh at 嘲笑 shout at 朝大叫 point at 指着Ask sb about sth 问某人相关某事take with 随身带talk to 和（人）交谈 talk about 谈论（某事）T

28、alk to sb about sth 和某人交谈某事 Would you like +to +动原 答句 Yes,Id like to/Yes,Id love to / Sure/ Sorry,Im busyWould you like +名词 答句 Yes,please .No,thanks.Tell about 告诉某人相关某事make for 为做 Buy sth for sb 为某人买某物from to 从到 learn from 从/向学习live in 居住在 lift up 抬起write to 写 （信、邮件）给 write about 写 相关的（故事）have a lot

29、 of fun = have agood time. Fun是一个不可数名词Tell sb about sth tell sb to do sthgetfrom 从得到 buyfrom 从 买use to 用做 reuse to重复使用做 at a shopping centre 在一家购物中心Take into 把 带入 sayto 对 说around them 在他们周围 look out of the window 朝窗外看move away from 把搬离，使远离do a project 做个课题 make a poster做张海报Lets meet at the school ga

30、te. 让我们在学校门口见面。Plan for 的计划 如： plans for Chinese New Years Day Plans for the weekendsmake a sentence with 用造句 wait for the answer 等待答案十一、其他1. 人感到激动是excited excited是形容词。Ready 也是形容词 use 是动词使用 形容词是useful careful也是形容词记住be动词加形容词哦2.Go to a farm=visit a farm 3.would like to do sth. = want to do sth. 表示想要做某

31、事。例如：She would like to clean my room.=She wants to clean my room.would like+名词=want+名词 例如：Id like some water.=I want some water.4.在一般现在时中，特殊疑问词who，what,which放在句首，把他们看成三单，主语三单后面的行为动词一般情况下用三单形式。例如： Who is stronger, the boy or the girl? Who teaches us English? What makes the air dirty?当然假如是过去时，那么行为动词仍然

32、是过去时。如： What made the classroom dirty yesterday?5.make + 名词/代词 + 形容词 “使某人/某物变得.”如：make the air dirty 使空气肮脏 make the streets messy and dirty 使街道脏乱 make me sad 使我难过 keep + 名词/代词+ 形容词 “使某人/某物保持.”如：keep our city clean 使我们的城市保持干净 keep it clean 使它保持干净 Make 一般指不好的方面 ，Keep 一般指好的方面6. to+动原有时表示为了达到什么的目的，如： We

33、 plant more trees to keep the air clean. To keep the classroom clean,we should clean the classroom e from = be from 来自 例如：Where do you come from? = Where are you from?8.buy sth. for sb. = buy sb. sth. 买某物给某人例如：I want to buy a present for my mother. = I want to buy my mother a present.9.take the bus/

34、metro to = go to by bus 如：take the bus/metro to school = go to school by bus /metro walk to = go to on foot 如：go to school on foot walk home = go home on footride a bike to = go to by bike10. in 是介词穿，wear 是动词穿 The man in the sweater is his father. The king isnt wearing any clothes.11.感叹句感叹句通常由what或h

35、ow引导。what引导的感叹句后面一定要有名词1. What+a/an形容词可数名词单数如：Whatalovely dog!多可爱的一只小狗啊！同义句：How lovely the dog is!Whataninteresting!它是一本多么有趣的书啊！同义句：How interesting ! How引导的感叹句后面加形容词2.What形容词可数名词复数/不可数名词如：Whatbeautifulclothes!多么漂亮的衣服啊！同义句：How beautiful !13. 区分little, litter,letterLittle 小的，幼小的 如： little boy little b

36、irdLitter 扔 如： Dont litter.Letter 信 如：write letters14.Try on 表示试穿 代词it, them必须放到 .Try on的中间。例如：try it on /try them on具体的东西是能够放中间也能够放末尾pick up 表示“把捡起来”。代词it, them必须放到pick up 的中间。例如：pick it up pick them up Pick it up. 把它捡起来。 具体的东西是能够放中间也能够放末尾Pick up the banana skin. Pick the banana skin up. 把香蕉皮捡起来。Pu

37、t it on. 把它穿上。 Put on the coat. Put the coat on. 把外衣穿上。15. Look for look after look atLook for 寻找 look after 照顾 look at看看16. In front of 在的前面 反义词behind 是位置的前后 Before的反义词是after ,是时间的前后。17. Become 和turn into Become 后加形容词。如：become cloudyturn into后加名词 如：turn into a prince18. Start和at firstStart 为动词 如 He

38、 strats drawing.at first作为一个词组，常放在句子开头或者末尾。如： It was wonderful at first.19. bring 和take Bring 带来，常见搭配 bringto Take 带去 ，常见搭配 take into take to take with 20Where did you go? 和What did you do?Where did you go? 是对去哪儿提问，答句中是去的地点，I went to the park.What did you do?是对做了什么提问。I watched TV.21.Bund, Great Wall

39、, Palace Museum, Shanghai Museum, Summer Palace, Tiananmen Square这些词汇都是专有名词，除了Tiananmen Square之外，其他词在使用的时候，都要在前面加上定冠词the。国家名城市名之前不用加the 如：visit Shanghai22.国庆节和国庆节假期国庆节 National Day 国庆节假期 the National Day holiday 上个国庆节 last National Day 上个国庆节假期 last National Day holiday23.Now的时态当now 单独成句的时候为现在实行时如：He

40、 is reading now.当now 的前后有过去时做比照的时候为一般现在时。如：Seven years ago,he couldnt write, now he can write very well.24.walk 是“走路，步行”的意思，后面加to再加某地。假如其后加home,there,here等副词，则不加to，Walk home walk here walk there例如：I often walk to the factory. 我经常走着去工厂。I walk home every day. 我每天走着回家。25.Plasic much many区分too many/too

41、much many和much都表示“很多”，many用来修饰可数名词，much用来修饰不可数名词。 e.g. We should not cut down too many trees.我们不应该砍太多的树。 Dont use too much plastic.不要使用太多的塑料。 （本单元出现的不可数名词：coal,oil,plastic,water,energy,air）26.标识语的表达形式：a. No +doing (动名词)结构表达形式，如：No swimming.b. It means +you cant 的句型表达，如：It means you cant smoke here.，

42、注意cant后加动词原形，27.We should save water.=We should not waste water.28.fish 在水里的时候，活着的时候是可数的。单复数同体 a fish two fish There are some fish in the river. 在盘子里罐头里，是鱼肉，不可数 There is some fish on the plate29.表示天气的单词有名词，动词和形容词等形式的变化。如：名词 动词 形容词(和be动词连一起用)rain（不可数） rain rainy肯定句否认句一般疑问句It often rains(动词)in spring.

43、It doesnt rain in spring.Does it often rain in spring?It rained(动词) last night.It didnt rain last night.Did it rain last night?Its often rainy(形容词)in spring.It isnt often rainy in spring.Is it often rainy in spring?Theres a lot of rain（名词）in spring.There isnt a lot of rain in spring.Is there a lot o

44、f rain in spring?18.注意以下要用the的情况：最高级the most序数词the first day乐器play the violin独一无二事物the sun/the moonsamethe same class21.go+动词ing ：go swimming ,go shopping , go walking, go jogging, go climbing.22plan的用法归纳作名词，表示“计划”。 例如：Whats your plan for May Day? 你的五一节计划是什么？24.some与any的用法。一般情况下：some用于陈述句，any多用于否认句和

45、疑问句。例如：I dont have any English magazines. Are there any birds in the tree?但在表示请求或建议并希望得到肯定回答的疑问句中，通常用some。例如：May I have some books ? Can I have some rice? Would you like some milk? 28. also, too都是“也”的意思，但有所不同。 also一般放在be动词之后，行为动词之前。too一般放在句末。例如：He also likes Maths.=He likes Maths,too.他也喜欢数学。29.谈论爱好的

46、时候能够说：My hobbies are listening to music and making model planes.Listening to music and making model planes are my hobbies. I like listening to music and making model planes.30. Its ones turn Its Bobbys turn. Its my turn. Its your turn. Its his turn.31. see a parrot show watch fireworks watch the moo

47、n watch a film十二、be 动词 = am is are 有了be动词，除非是现在实行时（动词ing）否则不会出现其他动词原形，也不会出现动词过去式。 Be 动词一般和形容词搭配be late be ready for be busy be absent be free be happy be rainy be useful be careful十一、 句型转换一般疑问句：提前is/are/was/were/ can/ do /does /did,其他照抄。some变any . do /does/did 一提前，动词变原形否认句：主+ be(is/are/am/was/were)+

48、not/ cant/ dont/doesnt/didnt . some变any dont/doesnt/didint一出现，动词变原形对画线局部提问：特殊疑问词+ is/are/was/were/ can/ do /does/did ，其他照抄。画线局部不要抄进去。问地点用 where 问什么用what 问哪一个用which问谁用 who 问数量用how many 问价钱用how much 问怎么样用 how 问谁的用whose 特殊疑问词及其用法：疑问词意思用法how 怎么样问情况where在哪里问地点when什么时间问时间why为什么问原因what什么问东西，问做什么what about怎

49、么样问意见what day星期几问星期what colour什么颜色问颜色 原则： 有 be动词、 canwould 直接拿来用 ，没有就借，看人称借。三单借does，非三单借do过去时借didi。do 和does/did一出现，原来的动词就要变成动原，假如原来的动词被画进画线局部，那么就补一个do.补充：疑问词how 的用法：1. 问身体怎么样 如：How are you -Im fine2. 问感觉怎么样 如： How do you feel now? - I feel tired.3. 问天气怎么样 如： How was the weather yesterday/- It was sunny.4. 问怎么去某地 如： How do you go to school? -On foot.5. 问某项活动、某件事情怎么样？如：How was your holiday?