英语时态、语态、从句一览

《英语时态、语态、从句一览》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《英语时态、语态、从句一览（4页珍藏版）》请在装配图网上搜索。

1、英语时态、语态和从句一览一、英语中的时态英语中共有十六种时态。I 一般现在时（注意第三人称单数时动词的变化）e.g.Jackdoeshishomeworkeveryday.杰克每天做作业。II 一般过去时（注意动词过去式的变化，尤其是不规则变化）e.g.Jackdidhomeworkyesterday.杰克昨天做了家庭作业。III 一般将来时will/begoingto+V原形e.g.Jackwilldohishomeworktomorrow./Jackisgoingtodohishomeworktomorrow.杰克明天要做作业。IV 一般过去将来时would+V原形e.g.Jacksaid

2、hewoulddohishomeworktomorrow.杰克（过去）说他明天要做家庭作业。V 现在完成时have/has+V过去分词e.g.Jackhasdonehishomework.杰克已经做完家庭作业了。VI过去完成时had+V过去分词e.g.Jackhaddonehishomeworkyesterday.杰克昨天就已经做完家庭作业了。VII将来完成时willhave+V过去分词e.g.Jackwillhavedonehishomeworkbytheendofnextweek.杰克会在下周末之前做完家庭作业的。VIII 过去将来完成时wouldhave+V过去分词e.g.Jacksai

3、dhewouldhavedonehishomeworkbytheendofnextweek.杰克（过去）说他会在下周之前做完家庭作业的。IX 现在进行时Be+Vinge.g.Jackisdoinghishomeworknow.杰克正在做作业。X 过去进行时was/were+Vinge.g.Jackwasdoinghishomeworkyesterdaymorning.杰克昨天上午正在做家庭作业。XI将来进行时willbe+Vinge.g.Jackwillbedoinghishomeworkthistimetomorrow.杰克明天这个时候会在做家庭作业XII过去将来进行时wouldbe+Vin

4、ge.g.Jacktoldmehewouldbedoinghishomeworkthistimetomorrow.杰克（过去）告诉我他明天这个时候会在做家庭作业。XIII现在完成进行时have/hasbeen+Vinge.g.Jackhasbeendoinghishomeworkallthismorning.杰克做了一上午作业。（动作可能继续持续下去）XIV过去完成进行时hadbeen+Vinge.g.Jackhadbeendoinghishomeworkallday.杰克做了一天作业。XV将来完成进行时willhavebeen+Vinge.g.Jackwillhavebeendoinghis

5、homeworkfor9daysbytheendofthisweek.到这周末为止，杰克将做了9天作业了。XVI过去将来完成进行时wouldhavebeendoing+Vinge.g.Jacksaidthatbytheendofthisweek,hewouldhavebeendoinghishomeworkfor9days.杰克（过去）说到这周末为止，他将做了9天作业了。二、英语中的语态英语的语态分为主动语态和被动语态两种。I主动语态（主语是动作的执行者）e.g.Jackdoeshomeworkeveryday.杰克每天做家庭作业。II被动语态（主语是动作的承受者）Be+V过去分词被动语态可以

6、用于各种时态，但较常用的有下列十种。1）一般现在时Be+V过去分词e.g.ThehomeworkisdonebyJack.2）一般过去时was/were+V过去分词e.g.ThehomeworkwasdonebyJack.3）一般将来时willbe+V过去分词e.g.ThehomeworkwillbedonebyJack.4）一般过去将来时wouldbe+V过去分词e.g.ThehomeworkwouldbedonebyJack.5）现在完成时have/hasbeen+V过去分词e.g.ThehomeworkhasbeendonebyJack.6）过去完成时hadbeen+V过去分词e.g.T

7、hehomeworkhadbeendonebyJack.7）将来完成时willhavebeen+V过去分词e.g.ThehomeworkwillhavebeendonebyJack.8）过去将来完成时wouldhavebeen+V过去分词e.g.ThehomeworkwouldhavebeendonebyJack.9）现在进行时Be+being+V过去分词e.g.ThehomeworkisbeingdonebyJack.10）过去进行时was/were+being+V过去分词e.g.ThehomeworkwasbeingdonebyJack.三、英语从句英语中共有约六种从句。I主语从句（在句中

8、充当主语成分）e.g.Whatshedidisnotknownyet.她干了什么目前还不太清楚。II表语从句（在句中充当表语成分）e.g.Thequestionishowhedidit.问题是他怎么做的。III宾语从句（在句中充当宾语成分）e.g.Hetoldusthathefeltill.他告诉我们他生病了。Iwanttoseewhereyoulive.我想看看你住的地方。IV定语从句（在句中充当定语成分）e.g.ThestudentwhoansweredthequestionwasJohn.回答问题的学生是约翰。V同位语从句（在句中充当同位语成分）e.g.Theywereallverywo

9、rriedoverthefactthatyouweresick.对你生病这件事，他们都很焦虑。VI状语从句（在句中充当状语成分）状语从句根据其用途可分为时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、结果状语从句、程度状语从句、目的状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句和方式状语从句九种。1）时间状语从句（可由when,after,before,since,while,assoonas,till,until等引导）e.g.Whenhewashavinghisbreakfast,heheardthedoorbellring.当他正用早餐时，听到门铃响了。2）地点状语从句（可由where,wherever

10、等引导）e.g.Youcangowhereyouwanttogo.你可以去你想去的地方。3）原因状语从句（可由because,as,since等引导）e.g.LilywasworriedbecauseshehadnthadanyletterfromKen.莉莉很着急，因为她一直未收到肯的信4）结果状语从句（可由that,so等引导）e.g.ShesatbehindmesoIcouldntseeher.她坐在我身后，所以我看不见她。5）程度状语从句（可由suchthat,tothedegreethat,insofaras等引导）e.g.Atthattimetheactresswasnotknow

11、ntothedegreesheistoday.那时这个女演员还不像现在这样出名。6）目的状语从句（可由sothat,inorderthat等引导）e.g.Igavehim$500inorderthathemightgoforaholiday.我给了他500美元，让他去度假。7）条件状语从句（可由if,suppose,providing,given等引导）e.g.Iftheweatherisfinetomorrow,wewillgotothecountry.如果明天天晴，我们就到乡下去。8）让步状语从句（可由though,if,evenif,inspiteofthefactthat等引导）e.g.Thoughitwasonlynineoclock,therewerefewpeopleinthestreet.虽然时间才九点钟，可街上已没什么人了。9）方式状语从句（可由as,asif,asthough,how等引导）e.g.Youshouldwriteashedoes.他应该像他那样写。