小升初英语语法顺口溜

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1、小升初英语语法顺口溜：冠词、定冠词不定冠词一、定冠词的用法口诀特指双熟悉，上文已提及；世上独无二，序数最高级；某些专有名，习语及乐器。二、不用冠词用法口诀下列情况应免冠，代词限定名词前;专有名词不可数，学科球类三餐饭;复数名词表泛指，两节星期月份前;颜色语种和国名，称呼习语及头衔。一、定冠词和不定冠词的用法详解L定冠词the,在以辅音音素开头的词前读作，在以元音音素开头的词前读作，强调时读作。例：the table那张桌子the animal那只动物2 .定冠词the,基本含义是“这个，那个”，表示特指。例：the flower那朵花the E-mail那个电子邮件3 .不定冠词a和an,基本

2、含义是“一、一个”，表示泛指。例：a flower 一朵花an E-mail 一个电子邮件二、a和an的区别a用在辅音音素前，包括以前元音j、w开首的词前，注意，这里讲的辅音音素指的是发音，不是指辅i an用在元音音素前（不是元音字母），例：a hotel 一家旅馆a knife 一把小刀a useful tool 一件有用的工具a university 一所大学a European country一个欧洲国家a one-eyed man一个一目失明的人an hour 一小时an ant 一只蚂蚁an honour 一种荣誉an honest boy 一个诚实的男孩an umbrella 一把

3、伞an onion 一个洋葱an eye 一只眼睛an ear 一只耳朵an English book 一本英语书an egg 一只鸡蛋an ap 一个苹果an island 一座岛an uncle 一位叔叔an old man 一位老人三、不定冠词1、表示“一，一个”，用在单数可数名词前例：There is a picture on the wall.墙上有一幅图画。He has an apple in his hand.他手里拿着一个苹果。提示：a. a （an）虽表示“一个”，但不强调数量，而是强调类别；one则强调数量。例：I bought a computer.我买了一台电脑。（不是

4、收音机和电视机）I bought one computer.我买了一台电脑。（不是两台）Would you like an ice cream?来一客冰淇淋好吗？（不是别的食物）She gave one ice cream to them each.她给他们每人一客冰淇淋。（不是两客） b.表示数量对比时，要用one,不用a （an） o比：我有一支红铅笔，但是他有三支。I have a red pencil, but she has three.（误）I have one red pencil, but she has three.（正）我只需要一美元，但他给了我两美元。I only wan

5、t a dollar, but he has given me two.（误）I only want one dollar, but he has given me two.（正）2、表示一类人或物，指同类中的任何一个，a或an不必翻译例：Even a child can answer this question.就是小孩子也能回答这个问题。An elephant is stronger than a horse.大象比马力气大。A teacher must be strict with his students.教师必须对学生严格要求。3、第一次提到某人或某物第一次提到某人或某物时，用不定冠

6、词a或an,起介绍作用。例：A girl wants to see you.一位姑娘要见你。On a cold evening a stranger came to my house.在一个寒冷的晚上，一个陌生人来到我的住处。4、表示身份、职业不定冠词用于单数名词前表示身份、职业，尤其用在作表语或补足语的名词前。例：She is a high school teacher. Her name is Li Fang.她是一位中学教师，名叫李芳。The Whites wanted their daughter to be a musician.怀特夫妇想要他们的女儿成为音乐家。提示：表示某个职位在

7、某一时期内只有一人担任，或表示某人的头衔，则不用冠词。例：He is captain of the team.他是球队队长。Zhang Fei, monitor of their class, is good at English.张飞是他们的班长，英语很棒。5、用于专有名词前，表示不认识某人例：A Zhang called you just now.一位姓张的刚才给你打电话。A Mr. Smith wanted to see you.有位史密斯先生想要见你。6、不定冠词用在表示数量、长度、时间等的计数单位的名词前，表示“每一”例：We have three meals a day.我们每天吃

8、三顿饭。They met each other once a month.他们每月会面一次。The car moved 100 miles an hour.这辆小汽车以每小时100英里的速度行驶。The envelopes are one yuan a dozen.信封一打是一元钱。Amily goes to see her grandmother twice a week.爱米莉每周去看奶奶两次。回复举报longlong 妈等级：初中二年级私信2512014-8-710:56只看该作者板凳回复举报本帖最后由longlong妈于2014-8-711:18编辑小升初英语语法顺口溜：宾语从句巧记宾

9、语从句顺口溜附宾语从句详解：宾语从句歌诀宾语从句三姊妹，that, if/whether, wh-/how展风采。展风采有三关，引导词、语序、时态在把关。主从时态要一致，陈述语序永不变。陈述请你选that,疑问需用if/whether连。特殊问句作宾从，原来问词不用换。三关过后莫得意，人称、标点需注意。留意变脸的if/when,从句的简化记心间。歌诀解码一、三姊妹宾语从句根据引导词的不同可分为三种类型：1 .由that引导的宾语从句。如：We knew (that) we should learn from each other.2 .由if/whether引导的宾语从句。如：Please t

10、ell me if/whether you have been to America.3 .由who, where, how等连接代词或连接副词引导的宾语从句。如：Can you tell me how I can get to the nearest post office?二、三关1 .引导词关如果从句是陈述句，引导词用that (that在口语或非正式文体中常省略)；如果从句是一般疑问句，引导词用 if/whether；如果从句是特殊疑问句，引导词用由疑问词转换而来的疑问代词/副词。2 .语序关陈述句变为宾语从句，语序不变，即仍用陈述语序。如：He is an honest boy. T

11、he teacher said.The teacher said (that) he was an honest boy.一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句，语序变为陈述语序。如：Does he work hard? I wonder, fI wonder if/whether he works hard.When did he leave? I dont know.-I dont know when he left.3 .时态关如果主句是现在的时态，从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。如：I have heard (that) he will come back next week.如果主句是过去

12、的某种时态，那么从句的时态一定要用过去的某种时态。如：He said (that) there were no classes yesterday.注意：如果宾语从句表述的是客观真理、自然现象等时，不管主句是什么时态，从句都要用一般现在时。如：He said that 1ight travels much faster than sound.三、人称的变化和标点的使用1 .从句的主语如果是第一人称，变为宾语从句则与主句的主语一致；如果是第二人称，则与主句的宾语一致；如果是第三人称，不用变化。如：“May I use your knife?” He asked me. Tie asked me

13、if he might use my knife.“Do you know her telephone number?” He asked me.-He asked me if I know her telephone number.2 .宾语从句的标点均由主句决定。主句是陈述句，用句号；主句是疑问句，用问号。如：Who will give us a talk? I dont know.-I dont know who will give us a talk.Do you know? Where does he live?Do you know where he lives?四、两副面孔if和

14、when既能引导时间状语从句，又能引导宾语从句。因此，遇到它们就要认真分析一下，它们究竟属于“两副面孔”的哪一副。如：If it rains tomorrow, I won，t come.(时间状语从句)I dont know if it will rain tomorrow.(宾语从句)五、从句的简化1 .当主句谓语动词是find, see, watch, hear等感官动词时，从句常简化为“宾语+宾补”结构，宾补为不带to的不定式或V-ing形式。如：She found that the wallet lay/was lying on the ground.-*She found the

15、wallet lie/lying on the ground.2 .当主句谓语动词是hope, wish, decide, forget, plan, agree等，且主句主语与从句主语相同时，从句可简化为不定式结构。如：She agreed that she could help me with my maths.She agreed to help me with my maths.3 .在连接代词/副词引导的宾语从句中，当从句主语与主句主语或间接宾语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“连接代词/副词+不定式”结构。如：Can you tell me how I can get to the sta

16、tion?Can you tell me how to get to the station?longlong 妈等级：初中二年级私信2512014-8-710:57只看该作者地板本帖最后由longlong妈于2014-8-711:18编辑小升初英语语法顺口溜：省to不定式作宾补省to不定式作宾补顺口溜省to宾补有十一，五看二听三使役；一个帮助两均可，还有一个是感觉。如若主动变被动，小to一定要带齐。即：在 have, let, make 使役动词；notice, observe, see, watch, look at, hear, listen to, feel 等感观动词+ sb. do

17、 sth.动词不定式的省略1、在 be +形容词(如:glad, happy, pleased, anxious, willing, ready 等词后保留 to.(1) Will you join us in a talk?一Yes, I11 be glad to.不定保留to,常见形容词；愿意三高兴，一个备着急。2、在 love, like, mean, hope, advise, expect, want, persuade, refuse, wish, seem 等动词后保(2) - Would you like some bananas?-Yes, Id love to.动后保留to

18、,有爱莫拒绝；愿喜似期希，想劝提建议。3、在 have, need, ought, be able, be going, used 等动词后保留 to.(3) I didnt want to go there, but I had to.(4) We get on pretty well. Better than we used to.情态常带to,过去不得不；需要是另类，应将能力住。4、ask/tel 1/advise/persuade/wish/permit/allpw + sb + to do sth 结构中保留 to.(1) Dont touch anything unless you

19、r teacher tells you to.动后带to作宾补，请叫建议和告诉；但愿也留两允许，勿忘一个要劝服。回复举报longlong 妈等级：初中二年级私信2512014-8-710:57只看该作者5*本帖最后由longlong妈于2014-8-711:19编辑小升初英语语法顺口溜：接不定式作宾语的动词接不定式作宾语的动词顺口溜动词不定作宾语，期希渴欲承担起:愿望碰巧又出现，假装安排不拒绝;准备计划却失败，好像提供又犹豫;企图要把目标证，爱恨要求作选择。(1)动词+不定式afford aim appear agree arrange ask be decide bother care ch

20、oose come dare d( desire determine expect elect endeavor hope fail happen help hesitate learn long mea offer ought plan prepare pretend promise refuse seem tend wait wish undertake 后直接 sth作宾语举例：The driver failed to see the other car in time.司机没能及时看见另一辆车。I happen to know the answer to your question.我

21、碰巧知道你那道问题的答案。(2)动词+不定式；动词+宾语+不定式ask, beg, choose, expect , hate, help intend like, love, need prefer, prepare, promise, warI like to keep everything tidy.我喜欢每件东西都保持整洁。I like you to keep everything tidy.我喜欢你年使每件东西都保持整洁。I want to speak to Tom.我想和汤姆谈话。I want you to speak to Tom.我想让你和汤姆谈话。(3)动词+疑问词+ tod

22、ecide, know, consider forget, learn, remember, show, understand, see, wonder, hear, find out, tellPlease show us how to do that.请演示给我们如何去做。There are so many kinds of tape-recorders on sale that I cant make up my mind which to 么多的录音机，我都拿不定主意买哪一种。注意：疑问词带不定式在句中作成分时，谓语动词用单数。The question is how to put it

23、 into practice.问题是怎样把它付诸实施。回复举报longlong 妈等级：初中二年级私信2512014-8-710:57只看该作者6本帖最后由longlong妈于2014-8-711:20编辑小升初英语语法顺口溜：v-ing形式作宾语v-ing形式作宾语的口诀v-ing形式作宾语，承认依靠和推辞；喜欢面对便欣赏，错过原谅别介意；避免借口遭否认，包括想像多坚持；要阻止，别延迟，想要脱逃冒险值；一个忍受两完成，忙于报告提建议。即：在 admit, avoid, appreciate, depend, enjoy, escape, excuse, face, fancy, imagin

24、e, favoi deny, include, keep, mind, miss, pardon, practise, prevent, risk, delay, suggest, report, be busy, complete, stand , put off 后加 v-ing 作宾语。1 .我们学过的动词中只有少数用V-ing形式作宾语，这些动词有：advise, allow, dislike, considei imagine, keep 等。We* re considering paying a visit to the Science Museum.我们正考虑参观科学博物馆。Th

25、ey only allow smoking in restricted areas.他们只允许在指定的地点吸烟。2 .动词短语后只能接V-ing形式作宾语的有：cant help, prefer doing A to doing B, be used 于), end up, feel like, lead to, be busy (in), be tired of, be fond of, be afraid of, be think of / about, put off, keep on, insist on, be good at, give up, prevent / stop / k

26、eep II have been used to living here.我已习惯生活在这儿了。r m fond of collecting stamps and coins.我喜欢集邮和收集钱币。r m proud of winning the first prize in the English competition.获得英语竞赛的第一名，4彖。3 .中学课本中学到的有些动词后既可接动词不定式也可接动名词作宾语，但意义截然不同，这些动词 try, go on, stop, mean, regret, remember, forget等。这组词或短语后接不定式时一般表示将来还没彳作，而接动

27、名词常表示发生在过去的动作。I remember handing in my exercise.我记得我的练习交过了。Remember to post the book for me on your way home.记得在你回家的路上帮我把那本书寄走。4 . need, require, want译作需要时，后接V-ing形式作宾语，主动形式表示被动意义，相当于t The radio needs / requires / wants repairing / to be repaired.收音机需要修理了。回复举报longlong 妈等级：初中二年级私信2512014-8-710:58只看该作

28、者7,小升初英语语法顺口溜：非谓语动词非谓语动词英语学习口诀包含动名词、动词的不定时顺口溜非谓语动词包括动词不定式，动词的过去分词和动词的-ing形式三种。这是高考中的热点，其考查量巨几乎是必考的一个知识点近六年高考复现率达百分之百。纵观试题，其考查重点为动词非谓语形式的作用同的非谓语动词之间的区别。学生对此知识也“知之半解”，深感头疼。请看下面的方法，将有助于记住不名词。1、动词的不定式不定式有标记，to与动词连一起。没有人称数变化，动词特点它具备。主宾定状表补语，唯独作谓不可以。not加上不定式，否定结构要牢记。疑问词与不定式，构成短语有意义。仔细推敲多思考，准确判断有依据。解析：“to+

29、动词原形”是它的基本构成形式，即不定式的标记。它没有人称和数的变化，不管主语是任何人称，单数还是复数，动词不定式都没有变化。但它仍保殍点，可以有自己的宾语或状语。它具有名词、形容词和副词三大特点，所以，它在句中可以作主语、宾语、定语、表语、状语和宾布“not +动词不定式”是它的否定形式，不要受其他否定式的影响，要记住规律。疑问代词what, who, whom, which和疑问副词where, when, why , how加上不定式在句中可以做主表语、状语。通过以上分析，只要仔细研究，把不定式的功能用法搞清楚，在应用时就能作出准确的判断。2、动名词：哪些动词后面只能接动名词，下面的顺口溜

30、有助于记忆。喜欢、考虑不可免(enjoy, consider, escape, avoid)停止，放弃太冒险（stop, give up , risk）反对想象莫推延(mine, imagine, delay, put off)要求完成是期望(require, finish, look forward to.)建议继续勤练习(suggest, go on, practise)不禁原谅要坚持(can* t help, excuse , insist on)继续注意使成功(keep on, mind, succeed in)回复举报longlong 妈等级：初中二年级私信2512014-8-710

31、:58只看该作者8小升初英语语法顺口溜：限制与非限制性定语从句1 .定从分类有奥妙，限与非限看逗号；定语从句分为两大类：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句，区分它们有两个标准：1）从内容上看，卜从句与它所修饰的先行词关系紧密，不可去掉，去掉后意思就不完整了；非限制性定语从句只对先行词起司作用，去掉后不影响句子的完整性。2）从形式上看，限制性定语从句与先行词之间没有逗号隔开，而非限后句与先行词之间有逗号隔开。请看例句：The girl who is wearing a blue necklace is Mary.（限制性）The girl, who is also a student, is pl

32、anting trees in the field.（非限制性）解析：第一句中的who is wearing a blue necklace是限制性定语从句，没有逗号，不那去掉，否则意定前必有先行词，名代两类最适宜；例句：1) There is somebody here who wants to speak to you.有人要和你讲话。2) Those who were for the plan raised their hands.那些赞成计划的举起了手。3) This novel, which I have read three times, is very touching.这本小说

33、很动人，我已经读了三遍。解析：例句中somebody、those是代词，novel是名词，是被定语从句修饰的词，叫做先行词，可以做$名词和代词两类。定从先行很紧密，代副两词拉关系；定语从句都在先行词之后，连接定从和先行词的词，叫做关系词。关系词有两类：关系代词和关系副话要注意两点：1)它的人称、数和意思完全等同于先行词，2)关系词在定语从句中做一定的句子成分。例句1) The boys who are playing football are from Class One.正在踢足球的男生们是一班的。解析：who=boys ,在定语从句中做主语，所以其后谓语用are。例句2) Football

34、 is a game which is liked by most boys.足球是大多数男孩子喜欢的运动。解析：which=game,在定语从句中做主语。例句3) I still remember the day when I first came to the school.我仍然还记得第一次到学校的那一天。解析：when是关系副词=on the day,在定语从句中做时间状语。例句4) The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.十年前我居住的房子已经被拆了。解析：where是关系副词=in the house,在

35、定语从句中做地点状语。例句5) Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.请告诉我你没赶上飞机的原因。解析：why是关系副词= for the reason,在定语从句中做原因状语。回复举报longlong 妈等级：初中二年级私信2512014-8-710:58只看该作者9*小升初英语语法顺口溜：that用法that用法真有趣，两个地方它不去；逗号后边它不去，介词之后不考虑；That做为关系代词，不可用在非限制性定语从句中，即不可用在逗号后边；定语从句中介词之后也不工逗号或介词后，指物时用which,指人时用who或whom。例句1)

36、 They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of sat a small boy.A. whom B. who C. which D. that解析：在介词of之后指物，选择C which。例句2) The engineer with my father works is about 50 years old.A. whose B. who C. which D. whom解析：选择D whomo介词后指人。例句3) The letter is from my sister,is working in Beijing.A. which B. that C. w

37、hom D. who解析：选择D whoo逗号后指人，在定语从句中做主语。回复举报longlong 妈等级：初中二年级私信2512014-8-710:59只看该作者10,小升初英语语法顺口溜：六个关系代词关系代词有六个，听我逐一来说破；六个关系代词是：that/which/ who/ whom/ whose/ as,注意关系代词在定语从句中做主宾表定语。which表物人用who,人物都有that顾；先行词是物，关系代词用which,也可以用that;先行词是人，关系代词用who,也可以用that;先行词又有物，关系代词只能用that。例句1) This is the mountain vill

38、age (which/ that ) I visited last year.这就是我去年参观的那个山村。解析：先行词mountain village是物，可用which或that,因为定语从句中visit后缺宾语，说明whi 应该在定从中做宾语，所以还可以省略。例句2) The man (that/whom / who ) you met just now is my friend.你刚刚见到的那个人是我的朋友。解析：先行词man表人，关系词可以用who/that/whom,因为定语从句中缺宾语，关系代词应该在定语)语，所以可以省略；另外，whom是专门用来做宾语用的，而who则只是在口语中

39、才用。例句3) This magazine belongs to the teacher who (that) teaches us history.这本杂志是我们历史老师的。解析：先行词teacher是人，关系代词用who或that,因为在定语从句中做主语，所以不能省略。例句4) He talked about the teachers and schools (that) he had visited.他谈到了他所见到的老师和学校。解析：先行词the teachers and schools中既有人又有物，关系代词只能用that,又因为that在疣做宾语，所以又可以省略。which用在逗号

40、后，意表前句你要know;这是which用在非限制性定语从句中的一个用法。例句1) He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me.他似乎没抓住我的意思，这使我心烦。解析：which是关系代词，指代前面的一句话：他似乎没抓住我的意思。例句2) Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation.液态水变为蒸汽，这就叫做蒸发。解析：which是关系代词，指代前面的一句话：液态水变为蒸汽。who做主语很称职，whom用到宾语里；先行词是表示人的词，

41、定语从句中如果缺主语，要用who做关系代词，如果缺宾语，正规场合下用who 也可以用wh。例句1) He is the boy who often goes to school late.他就是那个经常上学迟到的男生。解析：先行词the boy指人，后面的定语从句中缺少主语，因此用关系代词who。例句2) She is the old woman whom I saw this morning.她就是我今天早晨看到的那位老太太。解析：先行词the old woman指人，后面的定语从句中缺少宾语，所以用whom,口语中也可以用who。回复举报longlong 妈等级：初中二年级私信251201

42、4-8-710:59只看该作者if小升初英语语法顺口溜：定语从句中that和whichThat which代表物，区别听我来叙述；先行若是不定代，that就把which踹；当先行词为 anything, everything, nothing, al 1, any, much, many, one 等不定代词时，只能使用不用which”。例：Is there anything that I can do for you?我能给你做点什么吗？先行词前有两数，就用that定无误；当先行词是基数词或序数词修饰时，只能使用“that”，不用“which”。例句：That is the second t

43、ime that I have been to Japan.那是我去日本的第二次。The two buildings that lay on the River Thames fell down last week.坐落在泰晤士河岸边的那两座大楼上星期倒塌了。先行词前最高级，还用that必无疑；当先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时，只能使用“that”，不用“which”.例句：This is the most wonderful time that I have ever had.这是我度过的最美好的时光。句中若有there be, that应把which替：例：There is n

44、o evidence that animals possess a mysterious sixth-sense allowing them to predic disasters.说动物拥有神秘的第六感，可以预知自然灾害，这是没有根据的。先行主中做表语，避免重复从句里；例句：1) This is not the hospital that it used to be.这已经不再是以前那座医院了。2） Mr Thomson is not the man that he was.汤姆森先生已经不再是以前的他了。解析：定语从句的先行词均在主句中做表语。例句：Which is the course

45、that we are to take ?我们要学哪门课？解析：句中已有which,后面不再用which,避免重复用that。（Just the only very same last,其后也要用 that;）先行词前有Just、the only very、same、last等词，关系代词用that,不用which。例句：1） The North Pole is the only place that you can see polar bears.北极是唯一能见到北极熊的地方。3） This is the same bike that he lost.这就是他丢了的那辆自行车。注意区分：4）

46、 This is the same bike as he lost.这辆自行车和他丢的那辆一样。（但不是）回复举报三longlong 妈等级：初中二年级私信2512014-8-711:04只看该作者12,小升初英语语法顺口溜：that who指人可用that who,以下情况多用who;Those people做先行，There be的结构中；例句：1) Those who are for the plan, please raise your hands.赞成计划的人请举手。2) People who create computer viruses are called hackers.制造

47、电脑病毒的人被称为黑客。3) There was once a little boy who came to the net bar to play games every night.曾经有一个小男孩每天晚上都来网吧玩游戏。先行指人不定代，从中做主wh。要在；先行词是指人的不定代词，如one、someone、anyone、nobody等词，或指人的关系代词在定语从句要用who,而不用thato例句：1) Nobody who knows a little scientific knowledge will believe you.懂得一点科学知识的人都不会相信你的话。解析：nobody是指人

48、的不定代词，用who,不用that。2) The thief who pretended to be a manager was caught stealing a car.那个装扮成经理的贼在偷车时被当场抓获。解析：who指人，在定语从句中做主语。两个定从一起来，不要重复你有才；一个先行词有两个定语从句时，关系代词要避免重复使用。A plant that can cure diseases, which was known by the ancient Chinese , is called Chinese herbal 一种能够治病的，被古代中国人所熟知的植物，叫做中药。回复举报longl

49、ong 妈等级：初中二年级私信2512014-8-711:04只看该作者13”小升初英语语法顺口溜：As/which/So/such- thatAs/which在句末，若有否定as错：as和which都可指代前面一句话，请看例句：1) Al ice received an invitation from her boss, which came as a surprise.爱丽丝受到了她老板的邀请，这使她感到吃惊。2) The weather turned out to be very good, which was more than we could expect.天气结果变好了，这是我们

50、没有预料到的。若有否定as错；3) The result of the experiment was very good, we hadn， t expected.A. when B. that C. which D. what【简析】答案是C。由于非限定性定语从句是否定结构，只能用which引导，不能用as来替代which。句首只能用as,还有认知猜想词；置于句首时，非限定性定语从句只能用as引导。例如：As is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.众所周知，月亮每月绕地球一周。与表示认

51、知猜想的词，如know, expect, see, report,连用时，要用as。1) As we know, smoking is harmful to ones health.我们知道，吸烟对健康有害。2) As is expected, his daughter entered a key university.正如人们所期望的那样，他的女儿考入了一所重点大学。固定结构用 as, the same /such/so/as;1）在the sameas结构中。意思是“像一样的”。例如:Chongqing is not the same city as we have seen in oth

52、er places.重庆和我们在其它地方看过的城市不一样。注意区分：the samethat，请看例句：This is the same pen that I lost,这正是我所丢的钢笔。（同一）This is the same pen as I lost.这支钢笔和我丢的那支一样。（相似，不是一个）2）在asas结构中，意思是“像那样的。例如：No period in history has had as many important changes have taken place in the past 没有哪个历史阶段像过去的一个世纪这样有如此多的重大变化。3）在suchas结构中，

53、意思是“像那样的”。例如:Mathilde had to work hard day and night and bought such a diamond necklace as she had lost tc to Jeanne.马帝尔德不得不日日夜夜地干活，来买一个像被她丢掉的那样的钻石项链还给让。So /suchthat宾不离，so/suchas宾要弃；在so/suchthat结构中，that后引导的不是定语从句，而是状语从句，从句中必须有宾语；在so/si 构中，as后引导的是定语从句，从句中不带宾语。例如：1） He studies in such a good school th

54、at all other students in his village admire him.他在那样好的一所学校学习，以至于村子里其他的学生都很羡慕他。解析：that后是状语从句，状语从句中有宾语him。2） He studies in such a good school as all other students in his village admire.他在那样好的一所学校学习，村里的其它学生都很羡慕那所学校。解析：as后是定语从句，as代替先行词school,在定语从句中做admire的宾语。回复举报longlong 妈等级：初中二年级私信2512014-8-711:05只看该作

55、者14小升初英语语法顺口溜：关系代词whose定从之中少定语，whose为你唱一曲；Whose指人又指物，所属关系要记住。Whose也是一个关系代词，在定语从句中做定语，表示人与人、人与物或物与物之间的所属关系，特别要注与物之间的关系也用whose例句1) Is there anyone in your class whose family is in the country?解析：anyone是先行词，whose二anyone s,在定语从句中做定语。例句2) Pass me the book whose cover is red.解析：the book是先行词,whose=the book

56、, s,在定语从句中做定语。回复举报longlong 妈等级：初中二年级私信2512014-8-711:05只看该作者15#小升初英语语法顺口溜：关系代词关系代词到这里，主宾表定作用起：关系代词做宾语，省与不省全靠你：到此为止，我们一共学了六个关系代词，分别是：which, that, who, whom, whose, as,这些关系代词在:句中可以做主语、宾语、表语和定语，关系代词which/ that/ whom做宾语时，可以省略。小升初英语语法顺口溜：定从中的关系副词关系副词when/where/why,从中做状莫懈怠；时间用when原因why,地点where经常在；定语从句中的关系副

57、词有三个：when, where和why,它们在定语从句中分别作时间、地点和原因状语。wh 间，where指地点，why表原因。例如：I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing.我仍然记得我初次到北京的那天。The factory where his father works is in the west of the city.他父亲工作的那个工厂在城市的西郊。That is the reason why I did the job.那就是我为什么干这个活的原因。关系副词可替换，介词加上关系代；关系副词可以由介词加上which来

58、替换。例如：1) This is the house where (in which) I lived two years ago.在这句中，where= in which2) Do you remember the day when (on which) you joined our club?在这句中，when= on which3) This is the reason why (for which) he came late.在这句中， reason= for which关系代，关系代，that与who要除外；挑选介词要聪明，必看动词和先行；介词后可用关系代词，但只能用which或wh

59、om,不能用that和who。那么，这个介词怎么选呢？其一，可语从句中的谓语动词；其二，可以看先行词。例如：1) The pain from which the poor suffered in this area has attracted the attention of the pub 本句中用from加which, from与定语从句中的谓语动词搭配，suffer from。2) English is a useful tool in which I can communicate with foreign friends.本句中用in加which,和先行词搭配，先行词表语言，因此用i

60、n。聪明反被聪明误，只因乱用关系副；关系副，关系副，定缺主宾它不住；它不住，它不住，关系代词来玩酷；关系副词在定语从句中是做状语的，where做地点状语，when做时间状语，why做原因状语，但要特别注意定语从句中所缺的不是状语，而是主语、宾语或表语，就不要用关系副词，而要用关系代词。例如：1)1 still remember the days we spent together in the mountains last summer.先看定语从句中所缺少的句子成分,spent是及物动词，缺宾语，因此不能填when,而要用关系代词which回3) This is the house his

61、grandfather once lived in.先看定语从句中所缺少的句子成分，lived in,明显缺宾语，in是介词，介词后应该有宾语，所以不能填而要用which或thato4) Is that the reason you explained to the teacher for your being late for school?先看定语从句中所缺少的句子成分，explain后应该跟双宾语，缺少一个宾语，因此不能用why,而要用w： thato回复举报longlong 妈等级：初中二年级私信2512014-8-711:06只看该作者17小升初英语语法顺口溜：主谓一致就近一致故事：

62、就近有一只猫和三百只老鼠在玩耍，在我看来，或者猫或者老鼠是要死的，可实际上，猫既没有把掉，老鼠也没有把猫整死，在长期的进化中，不仅是猫而且老鼠也知道了友善，他们彼此和谐相处了。不是猫老鼠认为世界该变一变了。译文：There is a cat and three mice playing in the yard.解析：there be句子是倒装结构，其中be的数的变化取决于最临近的一个主语。例如：Is there a banana and seven apples on the table?译文：In my view, either cat or mice are to die in the stuggle.解析：eitheror或者或者，连接两个主语时，谓语动词的数随就近的一个。例如：Either he or I am to be responsible for the accident.译文：But , to my surprise, neither mice nor cat dies.解析：neithernor既不也不，连接两个主语时，谓语动词的数随就近的一个。例如：Neither his parents nor he is interested in swimming.译文：I