国际货运代理货代英语

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1、一. 了解货运代理最初的职责11 课文：Originally, a freight forwarder was a commission agent performing on behalf of the exporter/importer routine tasks such as loading/unloading of goods, storage of goods， arranging local transport, obtaining payment for his customer， etc这句话是比较长，一句一段，核心句子：.。a freight forwarder was a

2、 commission agent performing on behalf of the exporter/importer routine tasks。.注释：freight forwarder 货运代理人commission agent 委托代理人on behalf of 代表。.routine tasks 日常工作loading/unloading of goods 装载/卸载货物storage of goods 货物存放，货物存储这句话大致意思是：最开始，货运代理是进出口商的委托代理人，替进出口商做一些常规事务，比如装载/卸载货物，货物的存储,安排地方运输.1-2 课文:Howeve

3、r， the expansion of international trade and the development of different modes of transport over the years that followed enlarged the scope of his services.核心句子：.。A and B enlarged the scope of his services。A 是指 :expansion of international trade 国际贸易的扩大B 是指 ：development of different modes of transpor

4、t 不同运输方式的发展注释:Over the years that followed 在随后的几年里；international trade: 国际贸易modes of transport： 运输方式这句话大致意思是:在以后的几年里，国际贸易的扩大和不同运输方式的发展加大了货运代理的服务范围。1-3 课文：Today， a freight forwarder plays an important role in international trade and transport。注释：Play an important role : 扮演重要的角色（引申为:起着重要的作用)Internatio

5、nal trade and transport 国际贸易和运输这句话大致意思是：现在，货运代理人在国际贸易和运输中起着重要的作用。1-4 课文：The services that a freight forwarder renders may often range from routine and basic tasks such as the booking of space or customs clearance to a comprehensive package of services covering the total transportation and distributi

6、on process。核心句子：The services.。. may often range from 。.。to.。.注释:render: 在这里的意思是“提供，= offer， providerange ： 在.。 范围内变化,后面常跟 from .。.to.。booking of space 订舱a comprehensive package of services: 全面的一揽子服务cover ： 包括，涉及 = includetransportation and distribution： 运输和分发这句话大致意思是：货运代理提供的服务通常可能从日常基础的工作比如舱位的预定,清关等

7、，到全面的一揽子服务包括整个货物的运输和分发派送过程。二.重点掌握货运代理人分别代表发货人和收货人所要做的工作.2-1 课文：Unless the consignor， the person sending goods, or the consignee， the person receiving the goods, wants to attend to any of the procedural and documentary formalities himself, it is usually the freight forwarder who undertakes on his beh

8、alf to process the movement of goods through the various stages involved.核心句子：Unless the consignor or consignee wants to attend to.。himself， it is the freight forwarder who undertakes to process the movement of goods.。.注释：consignor: 发货人consignee： 收货人attend to: 关注 = pay attention toprocedural and doc

9、umentary formalities: 程序和单证上的手续undertake to do sth。 承担去做某事，承诺做某事process: 在这里为动词，处理,处置involve: 包含，含有,涉及movement： 移动,动向 ( 在这里引申为“运输)这句话大致意思是：如果发货人或者收货人不想亲自去办理那些繁琐的手续的话,货运代理人将代表他们去处理货物运输中所涉及的各个步骤。2-2 课文：The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or through sub-contractors or other agenci

10、es employed by him。核心句子：The freight forwarder provide these services。.这句话的大致意思是：货运代理人可以直接或者通过次承包商或者另外雇用代理来提供这些服务。2-3 On Behalf of the Consignor （ Exporter ） 货运代理人代表发货人（出口商)所要做的工作(考试重点）1。Choose the route， mode of transport and a suitable carrier。 挑选运输线路，运输方式和合适的承运人。注释：mode of transport: 运输方式 ; carrie

11、r： 承运人2。Book space with the selected carrier。 跟选定的承运人订舱.3。Take delivery of the goods and issue relevant documents such as the Forwarders Certificate of Receipt, the Forwarders Certificate of Transport， etc。 接收货物，并签发货运代理人收货证明书和货运代理人运输证明书。注释：Forwarders Certificate of Receipt 货运代理人收货证明书(是代理人收到货物的凭证);Fo

12、rwarders Certificate of Transport 货运代理人运输证明书(是证明代理人具备运输能力的凭证）; issue： 发行，发布(在这里译为“签发”）4.Study the provisions of the letter of credit and all Government regulations applicable to the shipment of goods in the country of export, the country of import, as well as any transit country； he would also prepa

13、re all the necessary documents. 研究适用于货物出口国家和进口国家，以及中转国家运输的信用证条款和所有政府规定，并准备所有必须的单证文件。注释:letter of credit ： 信用证 applicable to .。： 适用于。.; as well as： 也，又,以及;transit country: 中转国5。Pack the goods， taking into account the route， the mode of transport， the nature of the goods and applicable regulations, if

14、 any， in the country of export， transit countries and country of destination.货物的包装，（ 在货物包装时) 要考虑运输路线，运输的方式,货物的特性，如果有的话还要考虑出口国，中转国和目的地国家适用的规定。注释：pack the goods 货物包装/打包； take into account: 考虑； the nature of the goods： 货物的特性; if any： 如果有的话。23 On Behalf of the Consignor （ Exporter ） 货运代理人代表发货人（出口商）所要做的工

15、作（考试重点）1Choose the route, mode of transport and a suitable carrier. 挑选运输线路，运输方式和合适的承运人。注释：mode of transport: 运输方式 ； carrier： 承运人2Book space with the selected carrier。 跟选定的承运人联系订舱。3Take delivery of the goods and issue relevant documents such as the Forwarders Certificate of Receipt， the Forwarders Ce

16、rtificate of Transport， etc. 接收货物，并签发货运代理人收货证明书和货运代理人运输证明书。注释：take delivery of : 接受；Forwarders Certificate of Receipt 货运代理人收货证明书（是代理人收到货物的凭证）；Forwarders Certificate of Transport 货运代理人运输证明书（是证明代理人具备运输能力的凭证）； issue： 发行，发布（在这里译为“签发”）4Study the provisions of the letter of credit and all Government regul

17、ations applicable to the shipment of goods in the country of export, the country of import， as well as any transit country； he would also prepare all the necessary documents. 研究适用于货物出口国家和进口国家，以及中转国家运输的信用证条款和所有政府规定，并准备所有必须的单证文件。注释:provision: 条款； letter of credit ： 信用证 applicable to 。.: 适用于。.; as well

18、 as： 也，又，以及;transit country: 中转国 5Pack the goods, taking into account the route, the mode of transport， the nature of the goods and applicable regulations， if any, in the country of export， transit countries and country of destination.货物的包装，（ 在货物包装时） 要考虑运输路线，运输的方式，货物的特性，如果有的话还要考虑出口国，中转国和目的地国家适用的规定.注

19、释：pack the goods 货物包装/打包； take into account： 考虑； the nature of the goods: 货物的特性; if any: 如果有的话6Arrange warehousing of the goods， if necessary。 如果有必要的话,要安排货物的仓储注释:warehousing of the goods： 货物的仓储；if necessary: 如果有必要的话7W， eigh and measure the goods. 测定货物的重量和尺寸.8Draw the consignors attention to the need

20、 for insurance and arrange for the insurance of goods, if required by the consignor。 提醒发货人注意是否需要货物保险，如果发货人需要投保，则需安排货物的保险。注释：draw ones attention to.: 引起某人注意。. ( 相当于“提醒某人注意。.”);9Transport the goods to the port, arrange for customs clearance, related documentation formalities and deliver the goods to t

21、he carrier。 将货物运往港口，安排货物的清关，办理相关的单证上的手续并将货物交付给承运人。注释：customs clearance: 海关清关；deliver the goods: 交付货物 documentation: 文件,单证10Attend to foreign exchange transactions， if any. 关注外汇交易注释：foreign exchange transaction： 外汇交易11Pay fees and other charges including freight. 支付手续费和其他包括运费在内的费用注释：fee ： （偏向于手续费方面的）

22、费用； charge： (偏向于因服务而索取的)费用; freight： 运费.12Obtain the signed bills of lading from the carrier and arrange delivery to the consignor。 从承运人那里获得签发的提单并将提单转让给发货人注释：bill of lading:提单13。 Arrange for transshipment en route if necessary. 如果有必要的话，安排货物在途中的转运。注释：transshipment: 转运；en route： = on the way 途中的14。 Mo

23、nitor the movement of goods all the way to the consignee through contacts with the carrier and the forwarders agents abroad。 通过联系承运人和海外的货运代理，监控货物的运输直至货物交付给收货人.注释：all the way: 由始至终15. Note damages or losses， if any, to the goods。 记录货物的损坏和丢失。16。 Assist the consignor in pursuing claims, if any， against

24、 the carrier for loss of the goods or for damage to them。 如果货物有损失,需要帮助发货人向承运人就货物的损失提出赔偿。注释：assist sb。 in doing sth。： 帮助某人做某事;pursuemake claim against sb. for sth.： 就向某人提出赔偿2-4 On Behalf of the Consignee(Importer） 货运代理人代表收货人（进口商)所要做的工作（考试重点)1Monitor the movement of goods on behalf of the consignee wh

25、en the consignee controls freight, that is， the cargo. 当收货人支付运费时，即由收货人负责货物运输，货运代理人应替收货人监控货物的运输.注释：control freight: 支付运费2。 Receive and check all relevant documents relating to the movement of the goods。 接受并审核所有与货物运输有关的单证。注释:relating to: 与有关3。 Take delivery of the goods from the carrier and， if necess

26、ary， pay the freight costs。 从承运人手中接收货物，如需要还要支付的运费。注释：take delivery of 接收，收到（与delivery词义相反); freight cost： 运费4. Arrange customs clearance and pay duties， fees and other charges to the customs and other public authorities。 安排货物的清关，并向海关和政府当局支付关税,手续费及其他服务费用.注释:duty： 税，税收(在这里指“关税”）;public authority： 政府当局

27、5. Arrange transit warehousing, if necessary. 如需要,安排中转仓库。6。 Deliver the cleared goods to the consignee。 将清关后的货物交付给收货人。注释：cleared goods: 清关后的货物（根据前文 arrange customs clearance， 所以这里的意思是办理完清关手续的货物)7。 Assist the consignee， if necessary， in pursuing claims， if any， against the carrier for the loss of the

28、 goods or any damage to them.如果有必要的话，帮助收货人向承运人就货物的丢失或者任何损害提出赔偿。8。 Assist the consignee， if necessary， in warehousing and distribution。 如果需要，帮助收货人安排货物存入仓库和分发。历年考试题分析 1。The following services are performed by the forwarder on behalf of the exporter.A. book space B。 pack the goods C. export customs cle

29、arance D. import customs clearance.（2004年多选题)答案:ABC分析：A。book space： 参考课文中货运代理人代表处出口商的第二个职责，book space with selected carrier； B。pack the goods: 参考课文中货运代理人代表出口商的第五个职责：Pack the goods, and take into account the route。.； C. export customs clearance: 参考课文中货运代理人代表出口商的第九个职责：Transport the goods to port and a

30、rrange for customs clearance.。.; D。 import customs。 这个是属于代表进口商的职责2。 When the forwarder pack the goods on behalf of exporter， he should consider the .(2004年多选题)A。 mode of transport B。 nature of the goods C. quantity of the goods D. quality of the goods答案：AB分析：参考课文中货运代理人代表出口商的第5个职责，C和D都不属于这个范围.3。 The

31、scope of freight forwarders service on behalf of consignors includes 。 (2005年单选题）A. booking space with consigneeB. paying the freight to the insurerC。 arranging import customs clearanceD. booking space with carrier答案:D。分析：A和B课文中都未提到过。C. 是属于货运代理人代表进口商的职责。D。 booking space with carrier。 正确，参考课文货运代理人代表出

32、口商的第2个职责。4。The freight forwarder takes delivery of the goods from the carrier and issues the Forwarders Certificate of Receipt. ( ） ( 2005年判断题)答案：错分析:从课文中货运代理人代表出口商的第3个职责来看,take delivery of the goods and issue relevant documents such as .。., 结合上下文看，这里应该是从发货人/出口商那里接收到货物并签发货运代理人收货证明书，而不是carrier(承运人)。5

33、.Which of the following services are performed by the forwarder on behalf of the consignee 。 (2005年多选题)A。 Taking delivery of the goods from the carrierB。 Packing the goods for exportC。 Arranging export customs clearanceD。 Arranging import customs clearance答案:A.D.分析：B和C都是属于货运代理人代表出口商的职责.课后练习：一、不定向选择题

34、（答案可能只有一个,或者多个）1.A consignor refers to the person who goods。A。 receives B. attends to C. sends D.takes delivery of答案:C2. It is usually the who issues relevant documents such as the Forwarders Certificate of Receipt, the Forwarders Certificate of Transport， etc。A. consignor B. consignee C。 freight fo

35、rwarder D. carrier答案：C3. Foreign exchange transactions， if any， are usually attended by the as well。A。 commission agent B。 exporter C. importer D. freight forwarder答案：D4. A freight forwarder originally was a(n) performing on behalf of the exporter/importer routine tasks.A。 importer B。 exporter C。 sh

36、ipper D。 commission agent答案：D5. A freight forwarder shall take into account the route， the mode of transport and applicable regulations, if any, in theA. country of export B. country of destination C. country of transshipment D. transit countries答案：ABD6。 A freight forwarder, on behalf of the exporte

37、r， is expected toA。 take delivery of the goodsB. pay the freight costsC.arrange transit warehousingD.arrange customs clearance答案:ABCD7。Which of the following services are performed by the forwarder on behalf of the import 。A. Monitor the movement of goodsB。 check the relevant documentsC。 Arrange imp

38、ort customs clearanceD. Weigh and measure the goods。答案：ABC8. If there is damage of goods during shipment, the freight forwarder will on behalf of exporter.A。 Note damagesB。 Pay fees to insurerC。 Assist exporter in pursuing claims。D. Arrange for the insurance of goods。答案:AC二、判断题1.When freight forward

39、er pack the goods on behalf of exporter， should take into account the quality of goods. （ )答案：错2。If necessary, the freight forwarder should pay the fees and other charges including freight for exporter。 （ )答案：对3. The freight forwarder will issue “Forwarders Certificate of Receipt” when he take deliv

40、ery of the goods from exporter. （ ）答案：对4。 The freight forwarder can not employ other agency to provide services both for exporter and importer。 ( )答案：错5。 The freight forwarder would prepare all necessary documents for exporter if necessary. （ )答案：对三、英汉互译:1)transit country 2) trade terms 3) general c

41、argo 4） special cargoes 5） the Forwarders Certificate of Receipt 6) the Forwarders Certificate of Transport 7) trade contract 8) relevant documents 9) take delivery of the goods 10） mode of transport答案： 1）转口国 2）贸易条款 3)杂货 4)特殊贸易 5)货运代理收货证书 6）货运代理运输证 7）贸易合同 8）相关单据 9）提货 10)运输方式1)货运代理人 2）外汇 3)信用证 4） 清关

42、5)委托代理人 6）转运国 7）货物的运输 8）舱位 9)提单 10)国际贸易答案：1） freight forwarder 2） foreign exchange 3） letter of credit 4） customs clearance 5） commission agent 6) country of transshipment 7） movements of goods 8） shipping space 9) bill of lading10） International Trade一、国际贸易术语解释通则的由来 11 课文：In order to provide a set

43、of uniform rules for the interpretation of the most commonly used trade terms in foreign trade, ICC first published in 1936 a set of international rules for the interpretation of trade terms known as “Incoterms 2000”。核心句：to provide a set of rules for the interpretation of trade terms in foreign trad

44、e, ICC published international rules。.注释：In order to: 为了.Commonly： 一般的，通常的，普遍的 = generally, usuallyInterpretation : 解释，说明Trade terms: 贸易术语 （另外:比如 trade practices 贸易惯例 trade contract 贸易合同 等)ICC:全称：International Chamber of Commerce.国际商会.Incoterms： 全称：International Commercial Terms 国际贸易术语解释通则Be known a

45、s: 统称为。.，以.。著称这句话大致的意思是：为了给国际贸易中普遍使用的贸易术语提供一套解释的统一规则，国际商会与1936年发布了一套用于诠释这些贸易术语的国际规则,统称为“国际贸易术语解释通则2000”。12 课文：Later amendments and additions were made to it to bring the rules in line with current international trade practices。注释:Later : 稍候，随后 （另外latest： 最近的,最新的)Amendment: 修改，修正（尤指对规则，法律，声明等条款的修正，修订

46、，修改）Addition： 增加物(在这里是指添加的条款和内容）In line with： 与.。一致，与。.。相同 (相反的是：out of line with)Current： 现今的，当代的，时下的Trade practices: 国际贸易惯例，国际贸易实践这句话大致意思是：以后又对此通则作了修改和补充,以便使这些规则适应当前国际贸易实践的发展.13 The latest edition is “Incoterms 2000”， which includes 13 different international trade terms。 Each term specifies wheth

47、er the buyer or the seller is responsible for arranging such necessities as export license, customs clearance, inspections, and other obligations.注释：Edition： （ 书籍,书刊等的）版本，版次。Specify： 具体说明，详细说明，规定(名词：specification： 说明书）Whether.。.or。.: 是.。还是。.Be responsible for: 负责.。.，承担.。.责任Necessity： 必须,需要（在这里是指“必须要

48、做的事”）Export license： 出口许可证Inspection: 检验 (商品检验:commodity inspection)Obligation： 职责，义务后一句话我们可以换成这样一句来理解：Each term specifies the traders must bear each relevant responsibility and obligation。即贸易商必须承担(bear）各自相关的责任和义务.这段话大致的意思是：最新的版本是“国际贸易术语解释通则2000”，它包含了13个不同的国际贸易术语。每一个贸易术语都明确规定由谁来办理出口许可证，出口清关，商品检验及其他义

49、务.1-4 They specify at which point the risk of loss and/or damage passes from seller to buyer as well as which party pays for specific activities.注释：They = 13 trade termsPoint： 在这里是一个抽象的概念,指“在空间或者时间真实的或想象当中的某一点例如：at this point = at this moment / at this place (在此刻,在此地）Risk： 风险Activity: 活动,行为（复数形式尤指“所

50、作的事务，待做的工作”)这句话我们理解为：The 13 trade terms specify the transfer of risks(风险的转移)and division of costs。(费用的划分)这句话大致的意思是:这13个术语还明确了丢失及/或损坏的风险在哪一点由卖方转移到买方，以及哪方面承担相应的费用。15 A buyer and a seller who conduct their purchase and sale under one of the Incoterms， therefore， will have a mutual understanding of thei

51、r rights， costs， and obligations。注释：Conduct: 管理，经营,处理=manage， controlPurchase:购买 = buyMutual： 相互的,彼此的（have a mutual understanding: 对于.达到共识)Therefore: 因此，为此这句话的大致意思是：买方和卖方如果采用通则中的一个术语做贸易的话，就会清楚双方各自的权利、需支付的费用以及各自的义务。二、六个主要的贸易术语（其中传统的贸易术语有三个:FOB，CFR,CIF；在传统基础上新发展的贸易术语有三个：FCA, CPT, CIP ） (考试重点) 21 传统的三个

52、贸易术语FOB Free On Board (.。named port of shipment) 船上交货(指定装运港)定义:means that the seller delivers when the goods pass the ships rail at the named part of shipment. 指当货物在指定的装运港越过船舷,卖方即完成交货。注释：pass： 越过，通过；ships rail： 船舷；named:指定的这个术语应注意以下几点：1。 The buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or damage

53、 to the goods from that point。 即买方在货物越过船舷之后承担所有的费用，风险和损失。2。 FOB term requires the seller to clear the goods for export.即FOB条款要求由卖方办理货物的出口清关手续。3. FOB term can be used only for sea or inland waterway transport。即FOB条款只适用于海运或者是内河运输.注释：inland waterway transport: 内河运输CFR - Cost and Freight (.。. named port

54、 of destination) 成本加运费（指定目的港)定义：means that the seller delivers when the goods pass the ships rail in the port of shipment.指当货物在指定的装运港越过船舷，卖方即完成交货。这个术语应注意以下几点：1。 The seller must pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods to the named port of destination。 即卖方必须支付货物运至目的港所需要的运费和费用。（与FOB的区别)2

55、。 But the risk of loss of or damage to the goods, as well as any additional costs due to events occurring after the time of delivery, are transferred from the seller to the buyer.但是交货后货物灭失或损坏的风险，以及由于各种条件造成的任何额外费用，即由卖方转移到买方。(风险的划分与FOB不一样的。是在目的港船舷。）注释：occur:(事件等)发生;events: 事件 transfer： 转移3. CFR term r

56、equires the seller to clear the goods for export.即由卖方负责办理货物的出口清关手续.(同FOB）4. CFR term can be used only for sea and inland waterway transport.即CFR只适用于海运和内陆水路运输(同FOB)CIF-Cost, Insurance, and Freight （.。named port of destination） 成本，保险费加运费(指定目的港)定义:means that the seller delivers when the goods pass the

57、ships rail in the port of shipment。即当货物在装运港越过船舷之后，卖方即完成交货义务。这个术语我们应该注意以下几点：1. The seller must pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods to the named port of destination. 即卖方必须支付货物运至目的港所需要的运费和费用。（同CFR)2. But the risk of loss of or damage to the goods， as well as any additional costs due

58、to events occurring after the time of delivery, are transferred from the seller to the buyer.但是交货后货物灭失或损坏的风险，以及由于各种条件造成的任何额外费用，即由卖方转移到买方。（风险的划分与CFR 是一样的）3。 However， in CIF the seller also has to procure insurance against the buyers risk of loss of or damage to the goods during the carriage. Conseque

59、ntly the seller contracts for insurance and pays the insurance premium.但是，在CIF条件下，卖方还需要办理买方货物在运输途中灭失或损坏风险的海运保险。因此,由卖方签订保险合同并且支付保险费用（不同于FOB和CFR,)注释：procure: (尤指用心或者费力)获得，取得，在这里我们引申为“办理”；against：反对，对于 carriage： 运费，运输（在这里指的是“运输”)；consequently： 因此，所以;contract：在这里是动词的用法，意为:签约，订立合同(常与with 和for连用)； insuran

60、ce premium： 保险费4. CIF term requires the seller to clear the goods for export. 即由卖方负责办理货物的出口清关手续。(同FOB和CFR)22 在传统贸易术语基础上发展的三个贸易术语FCAFree Carrier （。named place) 货交承运人(指定地点)定义：means that sellers delivers the goods， cleared for export, to the carrier nominated by the buyer at the named place.是指卖方只要将货物在指

61、定的地点交给由买方制定的承运人，并办理出口清关手续，即完成交货。注释：nominated：指定的,指派的这一术语应注意以下几点:1. Seller should clear the goods for export.卖方负责办理出口清关手续。2。 The chosen place of delivery has an impact on the obligations of loading and unloading the goods at that place.交货地点的选择对于在该地点装货和卸货的义务会产生影响。- If delivery occurs at the sellers pr

62、emises， the seller is responsible for loading.如卖方在其所在地交货，则由卖方负责装货。 If delivery occurs at any other place, the seller is not responsible for unloading.如卖方在任何其他地点交货，则卖方不负责卸货。注释：impact： 常与on联用，对。.施加影响;premise： 生产场所，经营场址（在这里引申为“所在地”之意）3。FCA term may be used irrespective of the mode of transport, including multimodal transport。FCA术语可用于各种运输方式，包括多式联运。注释：irrespective： 常与of联用，意为：不论.。的，任何的;multimodal transport：多式联运(multi-前缀，常表示“多种的”的意思