疑问句和祈使句ppt课件

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1、祈使句与疑问句祈使句与疑问句二、祈始句 中考考查祈使句的特征：中考考查祈使句的特征：肯定式以动词原形开头；动词原形前加肯定式以动词原形开头；动词原形前加dont为为否定式。否定式。祈使句是用来表示请求、命令、叮嘱、邀请、祈使句是用来表示请求、命令、叮嘱、邀请、劝告等。祈使句的主语劝告等。祈使句的主语you往往省略，谓语动词往往省略，谓语动词用原形。用原形。.肯定的祈使句 1句型：动词原形其他成分 Be quick！2please用在祈使句中可以表示一种客气的语气，但please用在句末时，必须用逗号与其余部分分开。Close the door,please.Please close the h

2、ttp:/ Dont动词原型其他成分 Dont arrive late for school again！.Let作谓语动词的祈使句以Let开头的句子也是祈使句，表示陈述和建议。其否定形式有两种：Let.not或Dont let.。Let us not be late.Dont let the boy play football in the street.有时为了使祈使句的语气缓和委婉，可在祈使句后附加简单句“will you？”；“wont you？”或“would you？”；但lets(包括听话人在内)开头的祈使句则加简略问句“shall we？”；Let us(不包括听话人在内)开头

3、的祈使句则用“will you？”Dont make noise here,will you？Lets go to school together,shall we？Let us go there on foot,will you？一、疑问句疑问句分为四种：一般疑问句，特殊疑问句，选择疑问句和反意疑问句。.一般疑问句通常要求用Yes或No回答，读时用升调。Are you a student？Yes,I am./No,Im not.2常用的一般疑问句的句型结构 (1)be动词的一般疑问句句型：Be动词主语？Are you a football fan？Yes,I am./No,Im not.Is

4、 he a good boy？Yes,he is./No,he isnt.Are there any books in your bags？Yes,there are./No,there arent.(2)情态动词的一般疑问句句型：情态动词主语动词原形？Can you swim？Yes,I can./No,I cant.Must I go now？Yes,you must./No,you neednt.(3)实义动词的一般疑问句句型：Do(Does,Did)主语动词原形？Do you often go to school by bike？Yes,I do./No,I dont.Did they

5、 have a good time on the school trip？Yes,they did./No,they didnt.(4)现在完成时的一般疑问句句型：Have/Has主语动词过去分词？Have you been to China,Tom？Yes,I have./No,I havent.Has she gone to America？Yes,she has./No,she hasnt.(5)将来时的一般疑问句句型：Will/Shall主语动词原形？Be主语going to 动词原形？Will they come to our school tomorrow？Yes,they wil

6、l./No,they wont.Is he going to work in China next year？Yes,he is./No,he isnt.特殊疑问句 由疑问词引导的疑问句叫特殊疑问句，不能用Yes或No回答，读时用降调。疑问代词有：who,whom,what,which,whose等疑问副词有：when,where,how,why,how old,how many,how often,how soon等。下列是几种常见的特殊疑问句：1询问时间：When did it start？About two days ago.2询问地点：Where do they come from？C

7、hina.3询问人或关系：Who is he？My father.Who called you？Bill did.Whom are you going with？My parents.4询问原因：Why do you like pandas？Because theyre lovely.5询问天气：How is the weather today？Its sunny.What is the weather like today？Its cloudy.6询问频率：How often do you watch TV？Twice a week.7询问颜色：What color is your scho

8、olbag？Its blue and white.8询问年龄：How old is the boy？He is 13.9询问距离：How far is it from your home to school？Its 3 kilometers.10询问数量：How many apples do we need？We need 3 apples.How much honey do we need？We need two teaspoons of honey.11询问价格：How much is the sweater？Its 50 yuan.选择疑问句 提出两种或两种以上的情况，要求对方作出一种选

9、择，这种疑问句叫选择疑问句。结构:“一般疑问句or一般疑问句”，但常把后一部分里面和前一部分相同的成分省略。回答:要根据实际情况作具体回答。Shall we go to the movies on Sunday or on Saturday？We shall go to the movies on Saturday.还有一种形式是：特殊疑问句A or B？Which subject do you like better,math or English？English.反意疑问句 反意疑问句表示提问者有一定的主见，但没把握，希望对方来证实。反意疑问句由两部分组成，前一部分是陈述句，后一部分是简短

10、的一般疑问句。“前肯后否，前否后肯”。两部分的人称和时态要一致。1肯定陈述句否定疑问句？(1)be动词构成的反意疑问句。Your mother is a teacher,isnt she？(2)实义动词构成的反意疑问句。They like apples,dont they？(3)情态动词构成的反意疑问句。He can swim,cant he？(4)There be 句型的反意疑问句。There is some milk in the glass,isnt there？(5)将来时的反意疑问句。They will go shopping,wont they？(6)现在完成时的反意疑问句。Mr

11、Green has been in China for two years,hasnt he？(7)祈使句的反意疑问句。Please open the door,will you/wont you？Dont be late,will you？注：Lets go to the movies,shall we？Let us have a rest,will you？2否定句肯定疑问句？He didnt go shopping yesterday,did he？Yes,he did./No,he didnt.据实回答 注：当陈述部分含有little,few,never,hardly,seldom,no等否定词时，附加问句部分动词要用肯定形式。She has few friends,does she？He has never been there before,has he？当陈述部分否定意义的词如：unhappy,dislike,careless 等含有否定词缀在派生词时，仍按肯定句对待，疑问部分用否定形式。He looks unhappy today,doesnt he?The girl dislikes history,doesnt she?