大学体验英语视听说教程4-U5

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1、UNIT-52021/3/111华中科技大学华中科技大学UNIT-52021/3/112UNIT 5Facing Business CrisisUNIT-52021/3/113 In the business world,the rearview mirror is always clearer than the windshield.Warren BuffetUNIT-52021/3/114Background InformationUnit OverviewLesson 1Lesson 2Supplementary ReadingAgendaHome listeningUNIT-52021

2、/3/115 Business in post-modern era has found its way into all walks of life,affecting individuals lives,social economy and politics as a whole.Globalization facilitates business expansion on one hand and speeds up the economic integration and interdependence on the other.In this unit,students will g

3、et to know the global business and economic crises through real-life cases and see how these crises can be dealt with.Listening and speaking activities in this unit will inspire students to learn to face difficulties and handle their study careers to their best advantages.Unit OverviewUNIT-52021/3/1

4、16Background Information20092010 Toyota vehicle recalls Three separate but related recalls of automobiles by Toyota Motor Corporation occurred at the end of 2009 and start of 2010.Toyota initiated the recalls,the first two with the assistance of the U.S.National Highway Traffic Safety Administration

5、(NHTSA),after several vehicles experienced unintended acceleration.The first recall,on November 2,2009,was to correct a possible incursion of an incorrect or out-of-place front drivers side floor mat into the foot pedal well,which can cause pedal entrapment.The second recall,on January 21,2010,was b

6、egun after some crashes were shown not to have been caused by floor mat incursion.This latter defect was identified as a possible mechanical sticking of the accelerator pedal causing unintended acceleration,referred to as Sticking Accelerator Pedal by Toyota.The original action was initiated by Toyo

7、ta in their Defect Information Report,dated October 5,2009,amended January 27,2010.Following the floor mat and accelerator pedal recalls,Toyota also issued a separate recall for hybrid anti-lock brake software in February 2010.UNIT-52021/3/117 As of January 28,2010,Toyota had announced recalls of ap

8、proximately 5.2 million vehicles for the pedal entrapment/floor mat problem,and an additional 2.3 million vehicles for the accelerator pedal problem.Approximately 1.7 million vehicles are subject to both.The next day,Toyota widened the recall to include 1.8 million vehicles in Europe and 75,000 in C

9、hina.By then,the worldwide total number of cars recalled by Toyota stood at 9 million.The number of alleged victims and reported problems sharply increased following the recall announcements,which were heavily covered by U.S.media,although the causes of individual reports were difficult to verify.Go

10、vernment officials,automotive experts,Toyota,and members of the general public contested the scope of the sudden acceleration issue and the veracity of victim and problem reports.The recalls further led to NHTSA and Toyota investigations,along with multiple lawsuits.UNIT-52021/3/118Lesson OneLead-in

11、Audio studioVideo studioSpeaking workshopProject bulletin UNIT-52021/3/119Lead-inTask 1Task 2Task 3UNIT-52021/3/1110Task 1 Describing the PictureDescribe the picture first and then discuss how people cope with money shortage.What does the picture imply?What do you think might be the reasons for peop

12、le or businesses feeling a shortage of money?How do they usually cope with it?UNIT-52021/3/1111Task 2 Reflecting on the Reading 1.According to the passage,what did Toyota fail to notice as it grew to become the worlds largest automaker?Answer:Toyota accelerator pedals are produced both by Denso of J

13、apan and CTS of Elkhart,Indiana,US.Answer:Toyota failed to adjust its corporate structure to accommodate its altered scale and have overlooked fundamental principles that used to underpin its business.2.Where does Toyota manufacture its accelerator pedals?UNIT-52021/3/11123.What are the reasons that

14、 the two Toyota accelerator suppliers produced accelerator pedals of different quality?Answer:The Denso and CTS mechanisms use different wiring harnesses.In other words,Toyota,the master of communization,neglected to ensure that identical parts from two suppliers were,in fact,identical.4.Why do prob

15、lems in Toyota get lost and solutions get delayed when Toyota is managed in the present way?Answer:Toyota employs a chimney managerial approach in which complaints from customers in U.S.would travel first to sales headquarters in Japan,and then to manufacturing for implementation.Only after that wou

16、ld it find its way back to the U.S.5.According to the passage,what should Toyota do in order to deal with this business crisis?Answer:It needs to modernize its corporate structure,revisit the basic elements of its product development system,and reconsider the impact of its aggressive cost-cutting.UN

17、IT-52021/3/1113Task 3 Expanding Your Vocabulary A.to make something such as a business,organization etc.work more simply and effectivelyB.to describe a rate of increase which becomes quicker and quicker as the thing that increases becomes largerC.to be pushed into or through and stay thereD.an offic

18、ial meeting that is held to collect the facts about an event or a problemE.speed upF.a large company or group of companies that is controlled together as a single organizationG.great problems or troublesH.car manufacturer1.get stuck2.hearing 3.accelerate 4.corporation5.automaker 6.woe 7.streamline8.

19、exponentiallyUNIT-52021/3/1114Audio StudioTask 1Task 2 UNIT-52021/3/1115Audio Task 1 Identifying the Gist What is the audio clip mainly about?A)Toyota recalls around the worldB)Toyota recall hearings in US congressC)The development of Toyota Corporation2.What might be the cause for the car to accele

20、rate suddenly?A)A short circuit.B)Floor MatsC)Stuck gas pedalUNIT-52021/3/1116Audio Task 2 Checking the Facts 1.US Congress _ that Toyotas been having with vehicle recalls and examining how the carmaker has _ the situation.2.An engineering firm _ Toyota to check out the claim found the _.3.Akio Toyo

21、da,the president of the entire Toyota corporation,has announced new _ that the company plans to take _.is looking at some of the problemsresponded to that was hired bysame thingsafety measuresfrom here on outUNIT-52021/3/1117 US Congress is looking at some of the problems that Toyotas been having wi

22、th vehicle recalls and examining how the carmaker has responded to the situation.Youve heard all about this:millions of vehicles affected by issues with floor mats and gas pedals that might get stuck.US Congress is holding a few days of hearings to get some information about it.Yesterday,they heard

23、from one expert who said it could be an electrical issue.He says theres a possibility that a short circuit might cause a car to suddenly accelerate.An engineering firm that was hired by Toyota to check out the claim found the same thing.But Toyotas U.S.sales chief,Jim Lentz,says the electrical syste

24、m isnt the problem.When asked about how the company handled customer complaints,Lentz said that Toyota focused more on technical issues rather than looking at the possibility of accelerator pedals that get stuck.He called that approach a mistake and apologized for it.In fact,Toyota has repeatedly ap

25、ologized for the safety issues,and its working to repair the recalled vehicles.Akio Toyoda,the president of the entire Toyota corporation,has announced new safety measures that the company plans to take from here on out.Hes scheduled to appear before Congress today.All of this,as you might imagine,i

26、s having an impact on the companys reputation.ScriptUNIT-52021/3/1118Video StudioTask 1Task 2Task 3UNIT-52021/3/1119Video Task 1 Matching&Predicting1.The automakers worldwide woes are _ from Japans Economy,Trade and Industry ministry.2.In the US,law makers on Capitol Hill called for congressional he

27、arings to investigate what _ the auto giants accelerator pedals.3.But if there is _ one part,he says,it will spread to many models and _ vehicles,and in this case millions of Toyota cars from Europe,the US and China,exponentially damaging the brand.4.Toyotas president Akio Toyoda has not _ to protec

28、t his companys reputation.5.Toyotas boardroom has been remarkably silent _ industry watchers.drawing alarm went wrong with a problem with an enormous number of made any public appearance to the surprise of UNIT-52021/3/1120Video Task 2 Checking Your ComprehensionWatch the video clip again,and answer

29、 the following questions.1.How much did Toyota stocks plunge down ending the week?Answer:Toyota stocks plunged ending the week down 12 percent.2.Why did law makers on Capitol Hill call for congressional hearings?Answer:They want to investigate what went wrong with the auto giants accelerator pedals.

30、3.By which supplier was the accelerator of problems made according to Toyota?Answer:It was made by supplier CTS in Indiana.4.What is expected from Toyota CEO at press conferences?Answer:In Japan,CEO apologies at press conferences are expected5.What report is Toyota said to reveal next week?Answer:To

31、yota is said to report third-quarter earnings next week.UNIT-52021/3/1121Video Task 3 Bridging the Gap Toyota RecallScale:The recall spread _.Recall Areas:U.S.,_.Impact:For the Japanese _,it could be _.Toyotas Reaction Towards the RecallExecutives:_.President:He made _ to _.Boardroom:made _ and has

32、been _.around the globe Europe,Chinaeconomy serious problem remained out of sight no public appearanceprotect the companys reputation no public appearanceremarkably silent UNIT-52021/3/1122Toyotas Impact on Japan Toyotas executives remained out of sight,as a recall of millions of the companys cars c

33、ontinued to spread around the globe.Toyota stocks plunged ending the week down 12 percent.The automakers worldwide woes are drawing alarm from Japans Economy,Trade and Industry Ministry.The scale of this recall is large,says Masayuki Naoshima,Toyota must deal with this issue properly and act to main

34、tain consumer trust.In the US,lawmakers on Capitol Hill called for congressional hearings to investigate what went wrong with the auto giants accelerator pedals.And reports to US investigators:cars sped out of control.The drivers reporting the gas pedals sticking.Toyota says the problem is with this

35、 part of the accelerator made by supplier CTS in Indiana,though CTS says the accelerators were built to Toyotas specifications.As part of Toyotas global expansion plan,the automaker streamlined production,so one part will fit multiple car models around the world.UNIT-52021/3/1123 That cuts costs,say

36、s industry analyst Tatsuya Mizuno.But if there is a problem with one part,he says,it will spread to many models and an enormous number of vehicles,and in this case millions of Toyota cars from Europe,the US and China,exponentially damaging the brand.While Toyota has made a number of statements to re

37、assure consumers and indicate its working on the problem,Toyotas president Akio Toyoda has not made any public appearance to protect his companys reputation.In Japan,where CEO apologies at press conferences are expected,Toyotas boardroom has been remarkably silent to the surprise of industry watcher

38、s.-Yes.-Do you think that they need to deliver a strong message?-I think so,I think so,immediately.Not just overseas consumers,say many on the streets of Tokyo,but for Japans economy so deeply tied with the high quality of its automobiles.For the Japanese economy,it could be a serious problem,says Y

39、uichi Kida,China and Korea are right behind us.Toyota is said to report third-quarter earnings next week.While analysts will be watching for the numbers,consumers will be looking for something else-an explanation.Kyung Lah,CNN,Tokyo.UNIT-52021/3/1124Speaking WorkshopTask 1Task 2UNIT-52021/3/1125Spea

40、king Task 1 SummarizingTips:UNIT-52021/3/1126Speaking Task 1 SummarizingSummary:A recall of millions of Toyota cars continued to spread around the globe,including Europe,US and China.Toyota says the problem is with the part of the accelerator made by supplier CTS in Indiana,though CTS says the accel

41、erators were built to Toyotas specifications.The global recall damaged the brand exponentially and Toyotas stocks plunged down drastically.It might have great impact to Japans economy which is deeply tied with the high quality of its automobiles.Although there were statements to reassure consumers a

42、nd indicate Toyota is working on the problem,the boardroom has been remarkably silent without any apology to the public and made no response to protect the companys reputation.UNIT-52021/3/1127Situation1.Work in groups of four.One student should act as a sales manager of Toyota,and the others should

43、 act as Toyota customers.One customer has encountered the problem of a sticking gas pedal in his Toyota car and comes to the dealer seeking for help.Another customer finds his Toyota car in good condition but comes over to ask something about the recall.The third customer is a potential car buyer.Th

44、ey come to the dealer at the same time and the sales manager needs to deal with their questions and inquiries.Speaking Task 2 Solving the ProblemWork with your peers on the situation below and try to come up with a solution to the problem described.You are expected to share your ideas and justify yo

45、urself in this process.Use as many phrases from the“Expressions&Structures to Use”box as possible.UNIT-52021/3/1128Situation2.You have 15 minutes to discuss within your own group.3.Several groups will be selected to present their role plays.The rest of the class will vote for the one they feel happi

46、est support in each groups performance.Speaking Task 2 Solving the ProblemWork with your peers on the situation below and try to come up with a solution to the problem described.You are expected to share your ideas and justify yourself in this process.Use as many phrases from the“Expressions&Structu

47、res to Use”box as possible.UNIT-52021/3/1129Speaking Task 2 Solving the ProblemAlternative Situation1.Work in groups of four.Suppose the four students were the board members of Toyota Corporation.Youre discussing how to protect Toyota reputation in this global recall event.2.You have 15 minutes to d

48、iscuss within your group and determine the measures you should take in protecting Toyota reputation,like issuing a public apology,how to tackle technological problems,how to face the dropping market,etc.3.Select two groups to report their decisions.The rest of the class will vote for the one they fe

49、el happiest to support.UNIT-52021/3/1130Work on the following real-life project with your group members and present your report in the next class.Real-Life ProjectProject BulletinUNIT-52021/3/1131Alternative ProjectProject BulletinUNIT-52021/3/1132Lesson TwoLead-inAudio StudioVideo StudioSpeaking Wo

50、rkshopTeamwork ShowUNIT-52021/3/1133Lead-inTask 1Task 2UNIT-52021/3/1134Task 1 BrainstormingWork in pairs and discuss the following questions.Share your opinions with your peers.1.Do you always bargain when shopping?Why?Answers:shortage of money;mistrust of businessmen;enjoy bargaining;habit.2.What

51、would you do if you were a billionaire?Answers:buying houses,cars,etc.;investment;traveling;education abroad;charity;doing your own business;sharing with family members.UNIT-52021/3/1135Task 2 Expanding Your VocabularyRead through the words in the left-hand column,and match each of them with the app

52、ropriate meaning in the right-hand column.1.literallyA.a serious accident or bad event causing damage or suffering2.stanceB.feeling a dislike of something which you find unpleasant or unacceptable3.recessionC.simply or just4.soaringD.a particular way of standing5.recklessE.a period when the economy

53、of a country is not successful and conditions for business are bad6.dimeF.rising very quickly7.calamityG.an American or Canadian coin which has the value of ten cents8.distastefulH.doing something dangerous and not worrying about the risks and the possible resultsUNIT-52021/3/1136Audio StudioTask 1T

54、ask 2UNIT-52021/3/1137Audio Task 1 Identifying the Gist 1.What is the audio clip mainly about?A)Business should be moral.B)Business is just business.C)Business has to follow the rule of making profits.2.Why is the morality of business important?A)Morality in the business field is deteriorating day b

55、y day.B)Morality in business can help people making more money.C)Business has great power over the well-being of the world.Listen to the audio clip,and choose the right answers to the questions.UNIT-52021/3/1138Audio Task 2 Checking the Facts Listen to the audio clip again and answer the following q

56、uestions.1.Who should hold the responsibility for business lack of conscience?Answer:1)Systems constructed around business.2)Individual leaders must also be held accountable.3)Shareholders are also to blame.2.Why is business personal?Answer:Because 1)it directly affects our lives and our futures.2)e

57、very one of us can use it to choose the sort of world we want to be part of building.3.What is Googles motto?Answer:Dont be evil.UNIT-52021/3/1139Script The phrase“its just business”is often used to justify morally questionable behavior.The immense power business exerts over the well-being of this p

58、lanet makes the issue of morality in business more important than ever.Outside of the“sanctified”realm of business,where profit rules above all else,most of us are pretty good at knowing good from bad.Strangely though,we have been letting businesses literally get away with murder.When it comes to mo

59、ney and profits,people in general seem quite prepared to throw the accepted norms of social decency out the window.Certainly the systems we have constructed around business fuel this lack of conscience.We actively celebrate the making of money and extravagant consumption.The individual leaders must

60、also be held accountable.In part,I believe shareholders are also to blame;collectively,their actions fueled by the desire for big returns contributed to the appointment of these so-called leaders.UNIT-52021/3/1140Script All business decisions have moral implications that must be considered.Business

61、is personal because it directly affects our lives and our futures.It is also personal because each and every one of us can use it to choose the sort of world we want to be part of building.Googles motto dont be evil is a clear moral stance.It is no longer good enough to say“business is just business

62、”.There is a price to be paid for every dollar we make and spend.Will your business choose to be good or bad?UNIT-52021/3/1141Video StudioTask 1Task 2Task 3UNIT-52021/3/1142Video Task 1 Matching&Predicting1.Rarely does a day _ that I do not hear from folks who are hurt.2.But even as we work tireless

63、ly to _ of this hole,it is important that we address what led us into such a deep mess _.3.These financial firms took huge,reckless risks _ short-term profits and soaring bonuses.4.Little more than a year ago,many of the largest and oldest financial firms in the world teetered _collapse.5.But when m

64、y administration _,we _ rigorous rules for accountability and transparency.Complete the following statements with the phrases given below.Predict what will be talked about in the video.Then check your answers after watching the video clip.go by dig our way out in the first place in pursuit of on the

65、 brink of came into office put in place UNIT-52021/3/1143Video Task 2 Checking Your ComprehensionWatch the video clip.Identify the incorrect information in the following statements,and make corrections where necessary.1.More than ten million Americans have lost their jobs over the past two years.Cor

66、rection:Over the past two years,more than seven million Americans have lost their jobs.2.Largest and oldest financial firms in U.S.havent been on the brink of collapse.Correction:Little more than a year ago,many of the largest and oldest financial firms in the world teetered on the brink of collapse.3.This financial crisis pulled the American economy into the second Great Depression.Correction:This financial crisis nearly pulled the entire economy into a second Great Depression.4.To provide fina