ajtdgkg中_国农业大学学报第11卷第1期2006年

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1、、| !_一个人总要走陌生的路，看陌生的风景，听陌生的歌，然后在某个不经意的瞬间，你会发现，原本费尽心机想要忘记的事情真的就这么忘记了. 中国农业大学学报 第11卷 第1期 2006年4种提取法对富硒灵芝主要功效成分的提取效果赵 镭1, 2 高海燕3 张美莉4 吴继红1 胡小松1(1中国农业大学 食品科学与营养工程学院， 北京 100083；2浙江雨田集团, 浙江 平阳 325401；3北京大学 深圳研究生院， 广东 深圳 518055； 4内蒙古农业大学 食品科学与工程学院, 呼和浩特 010018)摘 要 对富硒灵芝子实体采用水提、碱提、醇提和酶提进行的主要功效成分提取和分析试验表明，4种

2、提取法对总糖、硒及蛋白质的提取率依次为碱提法酶提法水提法醇提法, 差异显著（P0.05），但4种提取法均不影响灵芝蛋白氨基酸的分布（tt0.01）。相比而言，酶提法是较理想的提取富硒灵芝主要功效成分的方法。关键词 富硒灵芝子实体； 提取方法； 主要功效成分中图分类号 Q 5-3；Q 949.329.7 Effect of different methods on the extracting of main nutritional components from Se-enriched Ganoderma lucidumZhao Lei1,2, Gao Haiyan3, Zhang Meili

3、4, Wu Jihong1, Hu Xiaosong1(1College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering，China Agricultural University，Beijing 100083, China; 2YUTIAN Group, Zhejiang Pingyang 325401, China; 3Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China; 4College of Food and Engineering, Inner Mongolia

4、Agricultural University,Huhhot 010018, China)Abstract Data reported here show that the nutritional composition of different extracts from Se-enriched Ganoderma lucidum was definitely different due to different extracting methods （P0.05). The extracting rate of saccharide, selenium and protein was in

5、 the order of alkaline extractingenzyme extractingwaterextractingalcohol extracting. All extracting methods studied did not affect the distribution of amino acids of the protein in Se-enriched G. lucidum. Enzyme extracting is comparably a good method for preparing the extracts from Se-enriched G. lu

6、cidum. Key words Se-enriched Ganoderma lucidum; extracting methods; main composition新型肝癌介入治疗药物90Y-P204-Lipiodol的制备及其稳定性研究牟培源1，2 陈 靖1 王建晨1 蒋小良1 何千舸1 金美娟2 李 芳2(1清华大学 核研院， 北京 102201； 2解放军二炮总医院， 北京 100088)摘 要 目的：研究了新型肝癌介入治疗药物90Y- P204-Lipiodol的制备方法及其稳定性，旨在为肝癌的介入性内照射放疗提供满意的放射性药物。 方法： 采用传统化学工艺中比较成熟的萃取技术与核

7、医学中的放射性核素标记方法相结合， 以碘油(Lipiodol)作为萃取过程中的有机相，同时碘油也是被标记核素的载体，选择萃取剂 P204作为碘油标记的偶联剂，利用萃取剂的萃取性能，在一定的pH、温度、搅拌时间和搅拌 频率等条件下，对钇-90(90Y)进行萃取标记，测定萃取率, 然后按不同的相比加入到生理盐水、新生小牛血清以及人的血液中，于液闪仪上测定被标记90Y 的损失率。 结果： 0.01 mol/L的P204碘化油溶液萃取率高达99.9%，符合放射性核素标记的要求 。本萃取法碘油标记后形成的络合物90Y-P204-Lipiodol并不改变碘化油的结构，而且具有很好的稳定性。 结论： 借助现

8、代医学影像技术尤其是实时超声显像引导精确定位技术，有望通过瘤区注射方法使90Y-P204-Lipiodol稳定积聚在肝肿瘤组织内，从而实现真正意义上的肝癌内照射放疗，未来的研究将促进其在肝癌介入性内照射放疗中的早日应用。关键词 肝癌； 介入； 萃取； 钇-90； 碘油； P204Study on extraction and stability of new interventional therapeutic isotope 90Y-P204-Lipiodol for liver cancer Mu Peiyuan1,2, Chen Jing1, Wang Jianchen1，Jiang X

9、iaoliang1,He Qiange1,Jin Meijuan2, Li Fang2（1Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University，Beijing 102201, China;2Erpao General Hospital of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100088, China)Abstract Purpose: In order to provide the best isotope for interventional therapy of liver cancer, this

10、 paper has reported a new method of chemical extraction and steady analysis for new isotope 90Y-P204-Lipiodol. Method: Extraction is used to label yttrium-90. Di(2-ethylhexyl)-orthophosphoric acid (P204)、Di(2-ethylhexyl)-phos acid (P507)、Cyanex 272、nonanoic acid、naphthenic acid、oleic acid and oxine

11、are selected as extractants in this study. Result: The labeling efficiency with P204 can reach 999%, while the labeling efficiency with any other extractant is lower than that with P204. The loss efficiencies of 90Y-P204-Lipiodol in physiological saline solution, newly-born cattle serum and humans b

12、lood are 0.01%-0.16%, 3.12%-6.02%, and 2.55%-7.82% respectively. Conclusion: The stability of labeled yttrium-90 with P204 (90Y-P204-Lipiodol) is satisfying. 90Y-P204-Lipiodol is potential in interventional therapy for liver cancer. Key words liver cancer； interventional； extraction； yttrium-90； lip

13、iodol； P204 马尾松树皮提取物体外抑制人大肠癌细胞生长规律初探1生物防治国家重点实验室， 教育部基因工程重点实验室， 中山大学 生命科学院， 广州 510275；2阜阳师范学院 生物系， 安徽 阜阳 236032； 3广州嵩珍营养源研究所， 广州 510645摘 要为深入研究马尾松树皮提取物(PMBE)的抑癌生长作用，构建PMBE的动物药理模型，本研究通过细胞培养、细胞活力检测（MTT实验）及计算机模拟评估马尾松树皮提取物(PMBE)抑制体外培养人大肠癌LoVo细胞生长规律，建立了马尾松树皮提取物(PMBE)、胎牛血清（FBS）及处理时间（t）三因素对LoVo细胞生长抑制率的反应模型

14、，利用该回归模型对三因素优化组合，同时就各因素单独效应及其互作效应进行了探讨。PMBE、FBS、t三因素适量水平搭配（0、1、0）可提高对LoVo的生长抑制效率，最高可达0.42，即三因子用量分别为140 g/mL、15%、48 h时效果最佳。系列数据分析结果表明，在体外处理细胞过程中可能存在抑制物效应报酬递减规律，且试验体系中多因素综合效应呈现随机非线性特点。该研究是统计学在医学科研设计、衡量和评价(D.M.E)领域的一次尝试，可为构建PMBE的动物药理模型确定药用剂量提供参考。关键词 马尾松树皮提取物； 胎牛血清； 处理时间； 二次通用旋转组合设计； 大肠癌LoVo细胞； 生长抑制率； 统

15、计建模Research on growth inhibition of PMBE to human colon cancer cell in vitroCui Yingyu1, Chen Xiaohong2, Wu Chunlian1, Xie Heng3, Wang Jinfa11State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guang zhou

16、 510275, China; 2Fuyang Normal College, Fuyang 236032, China; 3Institute of Songzhen Nutritional Resource, Guangzhou 510645, ChinaAbstractIn order to probe further into the role of PMBE inhibiting the growth of cancer, and construct the pharmacological animal model, combination of cell culture, mult

17、iple group MTT assays and computer modeling techniques was used in this present study to assess the effect of PMBE, FBS and t on the cell growth inhibition ratio (GIR) of human colorectal carcinoma LoVo cells cultured in vitro. Quadratic general rotational design at 5 levels of 3 factors was used to

18、 design the MTT assay scheme. The reaction model between the GIR (Y) and PMBE (X1), FBS (X2) and t (X3) was established. Optimal combination of the three factors, effects of single factor and interaction between them were explored respectively, and appropriate combination of different factors could

19、suppress the cell growth effectively. By simulation with computer, the optimal combination of PMBE, FBS and t with the highest GIR 0.42 was found at 0, 1, 0 level, or 140 g/mL, 15% and 48 h, respectively. A law of “reward descending of inhibitor effect” and nonlinear characteristic of many factors i

20、ntegrative effect during cell treatment were first put forward. This research is a novel attempt to apply statistics principle in design, measurement and evaluation (D.M.E.) fields of medical scientific research, with reference significance in determining the dosage of candidate drug for pharmacolog

21、ical animal model. Key words Pinus massaniana bark extract (PMBE)； fetal bovine serum (FBS)； treatment time (t)； quadratic general rotational design； colorectal carcinoma LoVo cell； growth inhibition ratio (GIR)； Statistical modeling全生育期二氧化碳与温度处理对水稻生理性状的影响初报谢立勇1，2 林而达1 孙 芳1 赵海燕1（1中国农业科学院 农业环境与可持续发展研

22、究所， 北京 100081； 2沈阳农业大学 农学院， 沈阳 110161）摘 要为揭示大气中二氧化碳浓度与温度增高对水稻生长发育与产量形成的影响机理，采用半开放式二氧化碳温度梯度系统对水稻全生育期进行梯度处理。研究表明，550 mol/mol CO2浓度及温度升高1.5 、650 mol/mol CO2 浓度及温度升高2.0 处理提高了水稻叶片叶绿素含量，灌浆期比对照（400 mol/mol 及自然温度下）分别增加13.41%16.74%，但对叶绿素a/b的比值影响较小；可溶性糖含 量从拔节期开始随CO2浓度及温度增加而升高，增幅为6.06%14.82%；可溶性蛋白含量 总体上各处理结果均低

23、于对照；脯氨酸含量在生育前期高于对照，在抽穗期趋于相同，在灌 浆前期明显低于对照。表明CO2浓度与温度增高改变了水稻生理性状，改变了水稻生长对物质和能量需求平衡，延长了生育期，此点为导致水稻产量形成的最终变化提供了理论证据和支持。关键词 二氧化碳浓度增高； 温度增高； 水稻全生育期； 叶绿素； 可溶性糖； 可溶性蛋白； 游离脯氨酸Effects of CO2 enrichment and temperature increase during growth duration on physiological characteristics of riceXie Liyong1,2, Lin E

24、rda1, Sun Fang1, Zhao Haiyan1(1.Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development of Agriculture, China Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; 2.College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110161,China)AbstractTo unveil the mechanism of effect of elevated CO2

25、 concentration and temperature increasing on growth, development and yield formation of rice, many physiologi cal characteristics of rice were measured from the half-open CO2-temprature gradient system, which treated whole growth duration of rice by different CO2 concentrations and temperature level

26、s. The result shows as, 550 mol/mol CO2 and 1.5 temperature increasing、650 mol/mol CO2 and 2.0 temperature increasing treatments increase chlorophyll contents of leaves to 13.41%-16.74% than CK(400 mol/mol CO2 and ambient temperature), especially during latter stages, but not changed rate of chlorop

27、hyll a/b. Soluble sugar content of treatments increase 6.06% -14.82% than CK since jointing stage. Soluble protein content of treatments is lower than CK. Dissociate proline content of treatments is higher CK in early stage, is close to CK at earing stage, and is lower than CK at early filling stage

28、 . The result indicates that elevated CO2 concentration and temperature increasing has changed physiological characteristics of rice, also changed the demand of matter and energy of rice growth, and delayed growth duration. These changes affected yields formation process of rice. Key words elevated

29、CO2 concentration; temperature increase; whole growth duration of rice; chlorophyll; soluble sugar; soluble protein; dissociate proline光照和埋植褪黑激素对内蒙古绒山羊氮分配和生产性能影响的研究王林枫1 卢德勋2 孙海洲2 赵秀英2 珊 丹2（1中国农业科学院 畜牧研究所， 北京 100094； 2内蒙古畜牧科学院， 呼和浩特 010030）摘 要 本试验从氮分配的角度用改变光照和埋植褪黑激素的方法研究日粮氮营养在绒山羊体内的分配机理及应用效果，用消化代谢试验测

30、定总沉积氮（NT），用同位素稀释技术和差减法活体测定体沉积氮（NB=NB终-NB始），用差减法测得毛绒沉积氮（NF=NT-NB）。结果表明，光照时间和埋植褪黑激素对绒山羊相关激素有显著影响： 1)褪黑激素（MT）、胰岛素（INS）随光照时间的缩短而升高，埋植MT组显著高于对照组；催乳素（PRL）、类胰岛素促生长因子-I（IGF-I）、瘦素（LEP）随光照时间的缩短而降低，埋植MT组低于对照组； 2)短光照（8 h）和埋植褪黑激素（1.86 mg/kg）组毛绒氮的分配比例与正常值相比增加了10%,而体氮分配比例减少10%；反之，在长光照和不埋植组毛绒氮分配比例减少而体氮分配比例增加； 3)短光照

31、和埋植褪黑激素组体脂肪含量增加（最高达到(24.671.41)%），而其他成分（体蛋白、体水分和体灰分）相应降低，长光照和不埋植组体脂肪含量降低（最低(14.1 60.59)%）而其他成分相应增加； 4)试验期内短光照和埋植褪黑激素组绒山羊的产绒量平均增加(338.8372) g，提高73. 8%。绒毛各项品质指标均达到纺织工业标准的要求。本研究证明，绒山羊的氮分配、体成分和绒毛产量可以通过改变光照时间和埋植褪黑激素进行调控。关键词 光照； 褪黑激素； 绒山羊； 氮分配； 山羊绒Effects of photoperiod and implanted melatonin on nitrogen

32、 partitioning and production performance in Inner Mongolia white cashmere goatsWang Linfeng1, Lu Dexun2, Sun Haizhou2, Zhao Xiuying2, Shan Dan2(1Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Beijing 100094, China;2Inner Mongolia Academy of Animal Science, Huhhot 010030, China

33、)AbstractObjective: This study investigated the mechanism of photoperiod and melatonin on nitrogen partitioning in Inner Mongolia White Cashmere goats in telogen in order to regulate the nitrogen partitioning between the body and the fur, further to promote cashmere production. Method: 18 castrated

34、mature cashmere goats, 2325 kg of liveweight, were divided into three groups at random, which were treated with different photoperiod（long daily photoperiod, LDPP; short daily photoperiod, SDPP; nature daily photoperiod, NDPP）, in each of the groups half of the goats were implanted melatonin. Total

35、deposited nitrogen (NT) was tested by general digestive and metabo lism method. Body nitrogen deposited (NB) was measured by isotope diluti on technique of tritiated water at the beginning and the end of the experiment（ NB=NBE-NBB）, fur nitrogen deposited (NF) were calculated by the formula of NF= N

36、T-NB. Results: Results showed that: 1)the hormones relative to nitrogen partitioning and body composition varied with different treatments, the level of MT, INS were increased with the declining of photoperiod, implanted groups were higher than those of non-implanted groups, there is a strong intera

37、ction between SDPPand melatonin implantation; PRL、IGF-I、LEP showed a reverse diversity way to MT and INS. 2) there is a significant difference in BN and FN partitioning in the different treatments of photoperiod and melatonin. The FN partitioning were increased with the declining of photoperiod, imp

38、lanted groups were higher than those of non-implanted groups, the minimum and maximum percentage of nitrogen in LDPP and SDPP+MT were (23.60.46)% and (36.10.79)%, respectively. There is a strong interaction between SDPP and implantation of melatonin; while BN partitioning showed a reverse way to the

39、 photoperiod and implantation of melatonin; 3) body composition were dramatically changed in different treatment, body fat percentage were increased with the shortening of photoperiod, implanted groups were more than those of non-implanted groups, there is an intensely interaction between SDPP and i

40、mplantation of melatonin in body fat gain, the minimum body fat in LDPP was (14.160.59)%, and maximum in SDPP+MT was (24.671.41)%. On the other hand, body protein, body water, and body ash percentage were on the other way round. 4 )There is an additive cashmere production of (338.8372) g in SDPP and

41、 implanted groups, averagely increased by 73.86%. The traits of the new grown cashmere were all felt in the range of textile standard. Conclusion: This study provided evidences that melatonin and photoperiod can be used to regulate nitrogen partitioning, modulate cashmere goats body composition and

42、improve the cashmere producti on in practice, the technique can be extended in Inner Mongolia and other cashmere goats raising areas in China. Key words photoperiod; melatonin; cashmere goats; nitrogen partitioning; cashmere体外培养山羊成纤维细胞系方法的建立潘求真1，2 田 亮1 徐曙光1 韩红兵1 李 佳1 李 海1 孙书锋1连正兴1 杨 宁1 李 宁1 谭景和2（1中国

43、农业大学 动物科学技术学院， 北京 100094； 2东北农业大学 生命科学学院， 哈尔滨 150030）摘 要 用山羊组织块和0.25%的胰蛋白酶消化培养法获得正常传代细胞，对于出现的上皮样细胞和成纤维样细胞混合生长的问题，则根据两者贴壁紧实程度不同，用0.05%的胰酶-EDTA进行不同时间的消化，将其分离纯化。纯化的成纤维体细胞经数次传代培养后，进行冷冻解冻检验表明具有正常的传代能力。各代体细胞的核型分析表明，在体外培养至2030代成纤维细胞的细胞形态(为梭形细胞，高度汇合后呈火焰状)、细胞周期以及核型均为正常，符合体细胞克隆转基因的基本要求。关键词 山羊； 成纤维细胞； 体外培养A me

44、thod established for goat fibroblast in vitroPan Qiuzhen1,2, Tian Liang1, Xu Shuguang1, Han Hongbing1, Li Jia1,Li Hai1, Sun Shufeng1, Lian Zhengxing1, Yang Ning1, Li Ning1, Tan Jinghe2（1College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094，China; 2Cllege of Life, Do

45、ngbei Agricultural University, Haerbin 150030, China)Abstract Goat fibroblasts were cultured by tissue pieces, trypsin, respectively. Establish an ideal cellular culture methods. Especially, in the tissue pieces, first of all, we cut the tissue into 1 mm3 pieces, second dry the pieces by the centrif

46、ugation, third, add a little fetal bovine serum onto pieces, and then, paved the piece onto the culture plate in even, cultured for 60-90 min. in incubator, last, add the culture medium. The two method had a 100% of primary passagey fibroblast cells present rate and successful passage rate. Two meth

47、ods had a differences between primary fibroblast cells present rate and time of can be passaged. Using different digested time to purified fibroblast cells with epithelial cells . Purified fibroblast cells still have normal capacity of passage after freeze- thawed. Kary otype analyze and cell cycle

48、indicate that after 20-30 passage of in vitro culture no abnormal. It suit for the need of clone and transgenic chone. Key words goat; fibroblast cell; in vitro culture藏鸡高海拔适应与肺组织NOS活力的研究张 浩1 吴常信1 强巴央宗2 凌 遥1 罗 章2（1中国农业大学 动物科技学院， 北京 100094； 2西藏农牧学院 畜牧兽医系， 西藏 林芝 860000）摘 要 为研究藏鸡高海拔适应机制，本试验测定了藏鸡和低地鸡种在高

49、海拔环境饲养时的右心指数，分析了海拔和品种对鸡肺组织一氧化氮合酶（NOS）活力的影响。结果表明在高海拔环境中，藏鸡的右心指数平均为22.91%，在正常范围内；而对照的矮小隐性白（D）和寿光鸡（S）右心指数分别为28.80%和29.89%，表现不同程度的右心增大；藏鸡肺组织NOS活力明显高于低地鸡，特别是在高海拔环境中差异更加显著，比低地鸡高35118 。藏鸡NOS活力较高可能是藏鸡在高海拔环境右心指数保持正常的原因，是高海拔适应生理特征之一。关键词 藏鸡； 高海拔； 适应性； 一氧化氮合酶NOSAdaptability to high altitude and NOS activity of

50、lung in Tibetan chickenZhang Hao1， Wu Changxin1， Chamba Yangzom2， Ling Yao1， Luo Zhang2（1College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094，China；2College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Tibet University, Linzhi 860000，China)Abstract For researching the mech

51、anism of adaptability to high altitude in Tibetan chicken, the right heart indexes at high altitude were measured, and the effects of altitudes and breeds on NOS activity of lung were analyzed. The results indicated that the right heart index of Tibetan chicken was 22.91 percent within normal values

52、, but the control groups of Dwarf Recessive White (D) and Shouguang (S) were 28.80 and 29.89 percent respectively and hypertrophy of right heart occurred. The NOS activity of Tibetan chicken was higher than that of lowland chickens, and the difference was more significant at high altitude especially

53、, and in which the Tibetan chicken was higher than lowland chickens by percent of 35 to 118The higher NOS activity would contribute that Tibetan chicken was resistive to highland pulmonary hypertension and right ventricle hypertrophy, and have good adaptability to high altitude. Key words Tibetan ch

54、icken； high altitude; adaptability; NOS戊糖乳杆菌31-1菌株所产细菌素的理化及生物学特性吕燕妮 李平兰 孙成虎 周 伟（中国农业大学 食品科学与营养工程学院， 北京 100083）摘 要 研究了本组纯化的戊糖乳杆菌31-1菌株所产细菌素的理化和生物学特性及其对敏感菌株的抑菌作用，发现该细菌素在80 热处理15 min后活性基本不变，121 处理15 min仍保持一定活性；在pH 28范围内37 处理4 h保持稳定，当pH9时活性逐渐降低。胃蛋白酶、胰蛋白酶、蛋白酶K、木瓜蛋白酶、中性蛋白酶均可使该细菌素完全失活；-淀粉酶可使其部分失活；酸性蛋白酶、溶菌酶

55、不能使其失活。该细菌素抑菌效果明显，在35 h内可减少敏感菌细胞数102103个。测定了其抑菌谱，该细菌素可抑制乳杆菌属、链球菌属、片球菌属中的大部分菌株，还可抑制金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、芽孢杆菌中的部分菌株。该细菌素是一种具有良好热、酸稳定性的蛋白活性物质，用于食品防腐将具有较高的安全性。关键词 戊糖乳杆菌； 细菌素； 理化特性Characterization of Bacteriocin produced by Lactobacillus pentosus 31-1L Yanni， Li Pinglan， Sun Chenghu， Zhou Wei(College of Food Sci

56、ence and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China)Abstract This study reports the characterization, spectrum of bacteriocin produced by Lactobacillus pentosus 31-1. This bacteriocin remained active when heated at 8 0 for 15 min, and partly active at 121 for 15 mi

57、n. It was also active after incubation in pH 2-8 environment for 4 h at 37 , but only partially inactive media above pH 9. Treatment with pepsin, proteinase K, tryps in, papain, neutral proteinase fully inactivated the bacteriocin, but was part- inactivated by -amylase. The mechanism of activity of

58、bacteriocin is bact ericidal, as shown by an obvious decrease of about 2-3 orders of magnitude in the viable cell numbers of L.plantarum over a period of 3-5 h. The bacteriocin had a broad spectrum, including most strains from Lactobacillus, Streptococcus, Pediococcus, especially including taphyloco

59、ccus aureus, E.coli, Bacillus cereus, B.subtilis and B.megaterium. Bacteriocin produced by Lactobacillus pentosus 31-1 was an active protein with stability to heat and acid, which will have good potential application in food preservation.Key words Lactobacillus pentosus; bacteriocin; characterizatio

60、n圆盘开沟器动力学振动模型的研究毛艳辉 宋建农 刘建军 彭 旭（中国农业大学 工学院, 北京 100083）摘 要 为改善圆盘开沟器的振动性能，建立了圆盘开沟器的动力学振动模型，利用MATLAB软件对该模型进行仿真分析。结果表明：当播种机前进速度由2.65 m/s提高到4.15 m/s时，开沟器谐振振幅由37.2 dB增加到38.1 dB,谐振频率由14.5 Hz上升到19.6 Hz。田间试验结果表明，相同速度条件下，安装液压阻尼器可提高开沟器与土壤作用时的减震性能，同时播种覆土均匀性也得到改善。关键词 开沟器； 播种质量； 动力学； 振动模型； MATLABStudy on dynamic

61、vibration models of disc opener of the planterMao Yanhui， Song Jiannong， Liu Jianjun， Peng Xu(College of Engineering，China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China)Abstract In order to improve the vibration characteristics of disc opener, the dynamic vibrayion models of disc opener was develop

62、ed and simulated by means of MATLAB. The simulation results showed that with the working speed increased from 2.65 m/s to 4.15 m/s,the resonance amplitude was increased from 37.2 dB to 38.1 dB and resonance frequency increased from 14.5 Hz to 19.6 Hz. The field experiments showed that installing dam

63、per will improve the performance of reducing effect of seismic action during the interaction of the soil and the opener at the same operation speed, and evenness of seeding depth will also be improved. Key words opener； sowing quality； dynamics； vibration model； MATLAB运用混沌理论预测粮食产量姜会飞1 温德永2 廖树华1 李树岩1

64、 吴文良1（1中国农业大学 资源与环境学院， 北京 100094； 2加拿大滑铁卢大学 大气科学中心， 滑铁卢， N2L3G1）摘 要 运用混沌理论的原理和方法预测粮食产量，探寻一种准确率高、时效长、成本低、便于普及推广的区域粮食产量预测方法。把粮食单产序列分解为趋势产量和气象产量2部分，用5年滑动平均法求得趋势产量后，通过分析粮食单产中气象产量分量的时间序列的变化规律，论述了由气候变化引起气象产量的年际波动具有混沌特性，具体表现为平稳的马尔柯夫型状态转移概率和同的概率密度分布特点。并以陕西省武功县、河北省禹县和涿州3个地区19491999年小麦单产序列为例，运用MATLAB7.0语言编程构建了粮食产量的混沌预测模型，对2000年小麦单产进行预测，准确率分别为98.1%、 92.1%和97.1%。预测结果表明，粮食产量的混沌预测法相对准确而有效，准确率在92 %以上，可作为粮食产量预测的新方法加以推广。关键词 气象产量； 时间序列； 混沌理论； 粮食预测； MATLABPrediction of grain yield using chaos theoryJiang Huifei1, Deyong Wen2, Liao Shuhua1, Li Shuyan1, Wu Wenliang1(1Co