高三英语总复习课件：语法5动词和动词短语.ppt

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1、专项语法五动词和动词短语,要点精析 一、一些常用行为动词的用法 1lay和lie,He lied to me that he had finished his homework. 他向我撒谎说完成作业了。 He laid the baby on the bed. 他把婴儿放置在床上。,2arise, rise和raise,The sun having set down, a mist arose. 太阳落山后起了雾。 The river has risen by several metres. 河水上涨了好几米。 Its difficult to raise a family on a sma

2、ll income. 依靠微薄的收入是很难养家的。,3hang的用法,He hung his clothes on the wall.他把衣服挂在墙上。 A towel hung from the rail. 栏杆上搭着毛巾。 The murderer was hanged and the dead was avenged. 杀人犯被绞死了，为死者报了仇。,4look, seem和appear (1)look强调由视觉得出的印象，意为“看上去，看起来”。 He looks very strong. 他看上去很强壮。 (2)seem表示根据某种情况、状态或迹象所作出的判断，这种判断可靠性较大。

3、It seems as though theres no way out of our difficulty. 似乎没有办法摆脱我们的困境。 (3)appear表示外表给人的印象，这种印象可能是靠不住的、虚假的。 He appears to be your friend but I doubt if he is. 他看起来像你的朋友，但我怀疑他是否真是。,提示：(1)look常用结构：lookadj./v.ed, lookn.；look介词短语。 (2)seem常用结构：seem分词/adj./，seemn.，seem介词短语；seem to do, It seems that从句。,5可用于

4、“动词sb.of sth.”的常用动词 accuse(控告)，cheat(欺骗)，cure(治愈)，inform(通知)，remind(提醒)，rid(摆脱)，rob(抢劫)，warn(警告) This photo reminds me of my school days. 这张照片使我想起了学校生活。 The people of the town were warned of the danger of flooding. 该镇居民接到有洪水危险的警告。,6可用于“动词sb.for doing sth.” 的常用动词 blame(指责)，criticise(批评)，forgive(原谅),

5、excuse(原谅)，pardon(原谅)，punish(惩罚)，scold(指责)，thank(感谢) Forgive me for saying so, but I think thats nonsense. 原谅我这样说，但是我认为没意义。 I dont blame you for doing that. 我不责备你做了那事。,二、常用动词短语 1act act as充当；担任act for 代表；代理 act out 表演(指用行动、动作表达) 2add add in 算入；包括add to 增加；加到 add up 加起来；总计add up to 总计；共达 3agree agree

6、 on 就达成共识agree to 同意(建议等) agree with同意；与一致；适合于,4break break away from 脱离break down 坏掉；出故障；垮掉 break into 闯入；破门而入break out(战争)爆发 break in 破门而入break off 打断；中断 break through 逾越；突破；冲破 break up 打碎；(物理)分解；分开；结束；制止,例(2009四川)How about your journey to Mount Emei? Everything was wonderful except that our car_t

7、wice on the way. Aslowed down Bbroke down Cgot down Dput down 解析：句意：“峨眉山之游感觉如何啊？”“其他都很好，就是我们的车抛锚了两次。”slow down“放慢(速度)，(使)减速”；break down“损坏，(健康等)垮掉，崩溃”；get down“下来，写下，使沮丧”；put down“记下”。故选B。 答案：B,5bring bring about 导致；引起 bring down 降低；使倒下 bring forth 结果；生产；产生 bring forward 提出；提前 bring back 把带回来；使忆起，使恢

8、复 bring on 引起；使发展；提出(论点等)供讨论 bring out 使显出；使(意义等)明白地表示出来 bring up 养育；培养；呕吐；提出,6call call for 需要；邀请 call on/at 号召；访问 call in 召集；召来 call up 召唤；召集；打电话 call off 取消,例(2009福建)The Somali robbers frequent attacks on the sea urged the United Nations to_all nations to take immediate action. Afight for Bapply

9、for Ccall on Dwait on 解析：句意：索马里海盗经常在海上袭击(轮船)促使联合国号召所有国家立即采取行动。fight for“为而战”；apply for“申请”；call on“号召”；wait on“服侍，招待，拜访”。故选C。 答案：C,7carry carry off 获胜；成功做成(困难之事) carry through 帮助渡过难关；完成；实现 carry on 继续；坚持 carry out 执行 carry back 使记起 carry away 失去理智,8come come about 发生 come across 偶遇 come to 共计；达到；苏醒

10、come true 变为现实 come up 走上前；被提出 come up with 提出 come along 一起来 come into being 形成；产生 come into power 上台；执政 come to light为人所知 come out 结果是；出来；出版；开花 come on (表示劝说、激励、不耐烦等)来；快；得了,9cut cut down 砍倒 cut in 插嘴；突然插入 cut up 切碎 cut off 隔绝；切断；中止,10die die off 相继死去 die out 死光；灭绝 die away (风、声音等)渐渐消失 die down (风、

11、雨等)逐渐平息 die off 死于(疾病、情感、年老等) die from 死于(尤指死于意外事故或疾病、情感以外的原因),11get get about 四处走动；传开 get across 传达 get away 逃脱；设法离开 get down 下来；记下 get in 收割；到达 get off 出发；下班 get together 聚会 get through 接通；通过 get down to 开始认真干 get over 克服 get along/on with 进展；相处,12give give up 放弃 give in 屈服 give out 用尽；分发 give awa

12、y 泄露；赠送；颁发 give off 发出 give back 归还；使恢复,例(2009安徽)We tried to find a table for seven，but they were all_. Agiven away Bkept away Ctaken up Dused up 解析：句意：我们想找一张七个人坐的桌子，但桌子全都有人了。give away“出卖，赠送”；keep away“远离”；take up“占据”；use up“用光”。 答案：C,13go go against 违背；对不利 go ahead 开始；进展；进行 go after/for 追逐；追求 go wi

13、thout 勉强维持；凑合 go in for 爱好；参加；从事 go through 通过；经历 go over 复习；仔细审查 go by 过去；经过,14hold hold back 隐瞒；控制(情感) hold out 维持；抵抗；硬撑 hold up 使耽搁 hold on 坚持；别挂(电话) hold together 团结一致 hold on to 保留；抓住不放,15keep keep away(from) 使远离 keep back 扣除；隐瞒不讲 keep off 避开；不理睬 keep on 继续 keep out 挡在外边 keep up with 跟上 keep up

14、 保持；不低落；持续；继续,16look look out 当心 look on 旁观 look down upon 看不起 look forward to 盼望 look through 浏览；温习 look into 调查；向内看 look over 检阅；逐一检查 look up 向上看；查阅；形势好转,例(2009湖北)Would you please_the paper for me and see if there are any obvious mistakes? Alook around Blook into Clook up Dlook through 解析：考查动词短语辨析

15、。从题意判断选D，表示“审核，仔细查看”。句意：你能不能帮我看看这份试卷，看有没有明显的错误？A项“环顾，到处看”；B项“调查，浏览”；C项“查找，向上看”。 答案：D,17make make up for 补偿；弥补 make out 辨认出 make fun of 取笑 make up ones mind 下定决心 make sense 有道理(意义)；讲得通 make good/full use of. 充分利用 make up 编造；组成；构成；补齐，凑足,18put put aside 把放在一边 put away 把收好 put down 扑灭；平息 put forward 提出

16、put off 延期；推诿 put out 扑灭；生产 put up 挂起，张贴；搭起；为某人提供食宿 put up with 忍受；容忍,19set set off 出发；引爆；引起；激发 set out 开始；动身 set up 建立 set in 开始；到来 set aside 留出 set down 下车；写下；放下 set about doing. 着手做，开始做,20take take in 吸收；欺骗 take for 误认为 take up 占据；从事；拿起 take after 像 take along 随身携带 take charge 负责；掌管 take on 呈现；雇用 take over 接管；接任 take pride in 以为豪 take away 带走；拿走,take out 拿出 take.for granted 认为想当然 take off 起飞；脱下；休假；走红,21turn turn down 拒绝；调低 turn in 上交 turn out 结果是；证明是 turn over 移交；交给 turn up 出现；调高 turn off 关掉 turn on 打开 turn away 走开 turn to 求助于；翻到,