分词作状语.pp张道云.ppt

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1、,分词作状语,职教基本版第三册unit10,修水职业中专综合部 张道云,2011年12月18日,一 现在分词作状语 分词和主语之间是主动的关系,分词作状语有两种情况:,一 。现在分词作状语 分词和主语之间是主动关系,二。过去分词作状语 分词和主语之间是被动关系,现在在分词作状语 ：可以表示条件、时间、原因、方式、伴随、结果、让步等，相当于一个状语从句,1.表条件，相当于条件状语从句,a Working hard, you will succeed. =If you work hard ,you will succeed.努力工作，你就会成功。 b Standing on the buildin

2、g ,you can see the whole city. =If you stand on the building ,you can see the whole city.站在那座楼上，你会看到整个城市。,2.表时间，相当于时间状语从句,a Walking along the street one day, sha saw a little girl running up to her. (=when she was walking along the street one day .) 有一天当她正沿着大街向前走时，她看见一个小女孩朝她跑了过来。,b While crossing th

3、e street, you must be careful. 当你横过马路时，一定要小心。 (=while you cross the street.),现在分词（短语）强调与谓语动词的动作同时发生时，前面可带when，while，after，before，since 等从属连词。如： a When visiting a strange city，I like to have a guide-book with me. 游览陌生城市时，我喜欢随身带着导游手册。 b While flying over the Channel，the pilot saw what he thought to be

4、 a meteorite. 飞过英吉利海峡时，驾驶员认为他看见了一颗陨星。,3.表原因，相当于原因状语从句,a Having no place to go to , the man wandered about in the street. =Because he had no place to go ,theman wandered about in the street.由于没有要去的地方，那个男人只好在街上徘徊。,b Being ill, he didnt go to school yesterday. 他由于病了，昨天就没有去上学。 ? (=Because he was ill) c

5、Living in the country，we had few social engagements. (=Because we were living in the country) 我们住在乡村，交际的机会很少。,4。表方式，相当于方式状语从句,a Mary stood at the school gate wating for Betty.=Mary stood at the school gate and waited for Betty 玛丽站在校门口等贝蒂。,.b She looked out of the window，as though thinking =She looke

6、d out of the window ,as though she was thinking.她向窗外望去，似乎在思考。,5.表伴随状语，相当于and 连接的并列句,a His wife came into the house carrying a bundle of clothes=His wife came into the house and carried a boudle of clothes. 他妻子拿着一包衣服走进屋内。 b Raymond entered college at the age of eighteen，graduating four years later at

7、 the head of his class.=Raymond entered college at the age of eighteen and graduated at the head of his class. 雷蒙德18岁上大学，4年之后毕业时名列前茅。,6.表结果状语，相当于and连接的并列句,a Jane fell off the bike，cutting her leg=Jane fell off the bike,and cut her leg. 简从自行车上摔下，划破了腿。 It rained heavily，causing b b severe flooding in

8、that country.=It rained heavily and caused severe flooding in the country. 大雨滂沱，造成了那个国家洪水泛滥。,7.表让步状语，相当于让步状语从句,a Although living miles away，he got around to visiting her.=Alough he lived miles away,he got around to visiting her. 尽管住在几英里以外，他还是去看她了。 b While not being optimistic，I have not given up all

9、 hope.=While I am not optimistic,I have not given up all hope. 虽然不乐观，但是我还没有放弃一切希望。,过去分词作状语，表示被动或完成，分词和句子主语之间是被动关系或表示动作已完成,一、过去分词作状语时的功能及位置,1. 过去分词作状语，修饰谓语动词，进一步说明谓语动词的动作和状态，即动作发生时的背景或状况，其逻辑主语通常就是句子的主语，且主语是过去分词动作的承受者，即过去分词表示的动作不是句子的主语发出的；过去分词与主语之间是动宾关系，即被动关系。如：,Although built thirty years ago, the ho

10、use looks very beautiful. 尽管这座房子是30年前被建造的，它看起来依然很漂亮。,. 过去分词短语作条件、原因及时间状语时，通常放在句首；作伴随、结果状语时，通常放在句末；作方式状语时，一般放在句末，有时也放在句首；作让步状语时，一般放在句首，有时也放在句末。如： Given more time, he can do it better. 如果他被给予更多的时间，他就能把它做得更好。,二、 与状语从句的转换,过去分词短语作时间状语，可转换为when, while或after等引导的时间状语从句 如：Seen from the top of the hill, the p

11、ark looks more beautiful.When it is seen from the top of the hill, the park looks more beautiful. 从山上往下看，这座公园看起来更加漂亮。,2. 作条件状语，可转换为if, once或unless等引导的状语从句。如； United，we will stand; divided， we will fail.If we are united ,we will stand; if we are divided ,we will fail. 团结就是胜利；分裂必然失败。,3. 作原因状语，可转换为as,

12、since或because等引导的状语从句。如： Encouraged by the progress he has made, he works harder.As he is encouraged by the progress he has made, he works harder. 由于受到所取得成绩的鼓舞，他工作更努力了。,4. 作让步状语，可转换为although, though或even if等引导的状语从句。如： Although exhausted by the climb, we continued our journey.Although we were exhaust

13、ed by the climb, we continued our journey. 我们虽然爬得很累，但我们仍然继续我们的旅程。,.,5. 作方式状语，如有连词as if，就转换为as if引导的方式状语从句；若无连词，则转换为并列结构。如： He began to cry as if bitten by a snake.He began to cry as if he was bitten by a snake. 他大叫起来，好像被蛇咬了。,6. 作伴随状语，一般转换为并列结构。如： Aunt Wu came in, followed by her daughter.Aunt Wu cam

14、e in, and (she) was followed by her daughter. 吴大娘走进来，（她）后面跟着她的女儿。,( )1. _ more attention, the tree could have grown better. (90全国) A. Given B. To give C. Giving D. Having given. ( )2. The computer center, _ last year, is very popular among the students in this school(93全国) A. open B. opening C. havi

15、ng opened D. opened ( )3. The first textbooks _ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.(94全国) A. having written B. to be written C. being written D. written,分词作状语练习题,( )4. _ is thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.(96全国) A. Losing B. Having lost C. Los

16、t D. To lose,( ),( )5_ time, hell make a first-class tennis player. (2003北京春) Having given B. To giveC. Giving D.Given,( )6No matter how frequently _, the works of Beethoven still attract people all over the world. (2006广东卷) A. performedB. performingC. to be performed D. being performed,( )7Dont sit

17、 there _ nothing. Come and help me with this table. (2006湖北卷) do B. to do C. doing D. and doing ( )8 My cousin came to see me from the country, _ me a full basket of fresh fruits. (2006安徽卷) A. broughtB. bringingC. to bringD. had brought ( )9 Whenever he was asked why he was late for class, he would

18、answer carelessly, always _ the same thing. (2006江苏卷) A. sayingB. saidC. to sayD. having said,( ) 10 We often provide our children with toys, footballs or basketballs, _ that all children like these things. (2006全国卷) A. thinkingB. thinkC. to thinkD. thought,11. This new cellphone, if carefully, will

19、 work for at least five years. A. use B. using C. to use D. used 12. to make a speech on how to learn English, the boy said he would be very glad to. A. When asked B. When asking C. To be asked D. When he was asking 13. When , the parking lot will be the largest one in the city. A. to complete B. co

20、mpleted C. being completed D. to be completed 14. another chance, I am sure that Ill do the job much better. A. Having given B. To give C. Giving D. Given 15. from the tallest building, the people and the cars on the street look very small. A. Seeing B. Seen C. Saw D. To see 16. in deep thought, his

21、 head hit against a tree. A. Lost B. To lose C. Losing D. When losing,用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. (tell) that his mother was ill, Li Ming hurried home quickly. 2. (satisfy) with what he did, the teacher praised him in front of his classmates. 3. (give) a few minutes, Ill finish the experiment. 4. (compare)

22、with Susan, you still have a long way to go.,1, _, I stretched my hand out for it. A. I saw the book I wanted on the shell B. The book I wanted was on the shell C. Seeing the book lying across the desk D. Lying on the desk,2：_weight, the doctor has warned me to keep off sugar. A. Im putting on B. Having put on C. As Im gaining D. To gain,