句子成分和五种基本句型.ppt

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1、,英语句子成分有主语，谓语，宾语，宾语补足语，表语，定语，状语等。,句子成分,英语五种基本句型,主语：表示句子主要说明的人或事物 一般位于句首,Popularmusichasbecomemoreandmorepopular. WeoftenspeakEnglishinclass. Toswimintheriverisagreatpleasure. Smokingdoesharmtothehealth. WhenwearegoingtohaveanEnglishtesthasnotbeendecided. Itisnecessarytomasteraforeignlanguage.,形式主语,实

2、际主语,谓语：谓语说明主语的动作，状态或特征。 可以有不同的时态，语态和语气。,1)简单谓语：Westudyforthepeople. 2)复合谓语： IcanspeakalittleEnglish. Wearereadingbooks. HehasgonetoBeijing. 3)系动词分两类： be, look, feel, smell等属一类，表示情况； get, grow, become, turn等属另一类，表示变化。 She sounds sweet. It is beautiful. The weather gets cold.,表语:它位于系动词(比如be)之后,说 明主语身份

3、，特征，属性或状态。,She sounds sweet. HisjobistoteachEnglish. Hishobby isplayingfootball. Timeisup. Thetruthisthathehasnevertravelled around the world.,宾语:宾语表示动作行为的对象(动词 的接受者），跟在及物动词之后。,WelikeEnglish. Itbegantorain. Ienjoylisteningtopopularmusic. Ithink（that）heisfitforhisoffice. 有些及物动词可以带两个宾语，往往一个指人，一个指物，指人的

4、叫间接宾语，指物的叫直接宾语。 Hegavemesomeapples. 有些及物动词的宾语后面还需要有一个补足语，意思才完整，宾语和它的补足语构成复合宾语。 Wemakehimourmonitor(班长).,宾补:就是宾语补足语，是补充说明宾语的,Iseeyoucrossingthestreet. HisfathernamedhimDavid. Theypaintedtheirboatswhite. Wesawherenteringtheroom.,定语:在句中修饰名词或代词的成分,Heisanewstudent. Chinaisadevelopingcountry. Heisreadinga

5、 bookabouthowtolearn English.,状语:修饰动词，形容词，副词以及全句的句子成分。 按用途可分为：地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、条 件、让步、程度、方式、伴随情况等,副词： He speaks English very well.(程度状语) He is playing under the tree.(地点状语) 介词短语： Pleasecomehereintheevening. Thestudentsaredoingtheirhomeworkintheclassroom. The boy was praised for his bravery. 动词不定式：I co

6、me specially to see you.目的状语 分词：Thestudentswentawaylaughing伴随状语 名词：Itcangoalldayandallnight 状语从句： When she was 12 years old, she began to live in Dalian. If I am not busy tomorrow, I will play football with you. Hedidntcomebecausehemuststayathome.,The rain,stopped.,The rain,has stopped.,Jim and Kate

7、,went swimming,yesterday.,An accidenent,happened.,The first book,come out,in 2009.,只含一个主谓结构的句子（有时是并列主语或并列谓语动词）叫简单句。,主语 + 谓语(不及物动词）（+状语）,主语+谓语（及物动词）+宾语,I like coffee. He plays the piano. We need a photo. He has made a cake. I bought a I have bought a book.,book.,funny book yesterday.,主语+系动词+表语（+状语）,T

8、hese books are interesting. Tom is happy. The story sounds interesting. He became a teacher The weather turns cold.,Tom is very happy today.,six years ago.,主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语（+状语）,I bought him a book. She cooked her husband a delicious meal. He tells us funny stories. He gave me an apple.,I bought a bo

9、ok for him. She cooked a delicious meal for her husband . He tells funny stories to us. He gave an apple to me.,主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语（+状语）,We can help you learn English We made him the manager. I saw them getting on the bus. The news made everyone happy. I dont want you to do this.,in the classroom.,They a

10、re painting the doorgreen.What makes himso happy?Hetellsusfunny stories.Iam showing himmy pictures.Isawthemgetting on the bus.Hepasseshernothing.Heasked meto come back soon. Iwill give my cara wash.They findthe houseempty.,We made him the manager.,主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语（+状语）,主语+谓语+直接宾语+间接宾语,He made us stand

11、 here,组成句子,quietly yesterday.,there be +主语（+状语）,There is a cup . There is a very nice cup on the table. There are books. There are many books in his schoolbag.,The cake tastes delicious. Classes began at 8 oclock. They havent decided where to go. Tim cannot dress himself. Mr. Green taught us English last year. The sun keeps us warm. The potatoes went bad. You must get your hair cut. I heard him singing. He is cooking. This book is interesting. Do you know how to make it?,Practice,主系表,主谓,主谓宾,主谓宾,主谓间宾直宾,主 谓 宾 宾补,主系表,主 谓 宾 宾补,主谓宾 宾补,主谓,主系表,主谓宾,