四种完成时态

《四种完成时态》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《四种完成时态（23页珍藏版）》请在装配图网上搜索。

1、四种完成时态作者:日期:2个人收集整理 勿做商业用途LESSON EIGHT四种完成时态主系表现在： You are ri c h.过去:You were ri ch.将来:You w il 1 b e ri ch.过去将来：Y o u would be rich.Th e re be现在：The r e is a b ook on the des k 过去:T h e r e w a s a book on t h e desk. 将来:There will be a book on th e de sk .过去将来:T h ere w o u 1d be a bo ok o n th e

2、de sk.主谓宾状现在:You s tud y Eng 1 i sh in th e s ch o ol.过去时：Y ou studied En g1 i sh i n t h e s c h ool.将来时：Y o u will studyEnglish i n the scho ol.Y o u are going to s t u dyEn glish.Y o u are t o stud y E ng 1 i s h.Y o u a re abo u tto studyE ng lish过去将来： Yo u w ou ld s tu dy Engl i sh in t h e sch

3、 oYou were g oin g t o s tu dy En 2 1i sh.You w e reY ou weret o s tudy E nglish.ab out to s tud y Eng 1 ish.You a re stu dy ing E ngl is h .You w ere st u dyingEnglish.You wi 11 b e study i n g E nglish .You w oud be stud y ing Eng l i sh.课堂练习1 :你知道你们教师的爸爸昨天为什么要打 beat他？ 2:你知道你们班的那个女孩子怎样成为你们班最好的 学生吗

4、？3 :你知道昨天他们家的狗为什么咬b it b ite你吗？4:我妈妈昨天问我我打算在哪学英语.5:你知道你们学校的图书馆去年有多少图书吗 ？6:你知道他的父亲什么时候死的吗？7:你知道老鼠mouse为什么爱大米r i ce吗？ 8:你知道你们教师明年打算写多少本书吗？9 :你知道你们教师现在在哪吃午饭的吗 ？ 10:你知道昨天晚上7点半你爸爸和你妈妈在客厅里做 什么呢吗？1 1:那个医生告诉我他临时在这个医院帮助。课堂答案1:你知道你们教师的爸爸昨天为什么要打 be at他？ D o you k n ow why your teacher S a ther be a t him yeste

5、 r day?2:你知道你们班的那个女孩子怎样成为你们班最好的Do you k now h o w t h e p r et t y gir 1 of your cl ass becomesth e b e s t stude nts?3:你知道昨天他们家的狗为什么咬b it bit e你吗？D o you know why t h e d og of his S ami 1 y bit yo u yes t e rday?4:我妈妈昨天问我我打算在哪学英语.Yeste r day, m y mot h er aske d me whe r e I wa s going t o stu d y

6、 English.5:你知道你们学校的图书馆去年有多少图书吗？Do you know ho w m any b o oks t h ere were in the 1 ib r ary of your schoo 1 ye s t e rday?6:你知道他的父亲什么时候死的吗？Do y ou kn o w wh e n h i s fathe r d i ed ？7 :你知道老鼠m o u se为什么爱大米r ice吗？Do you kno w wh y t he mouseloves ri c e?8:你知道你们教师明年打算写多少本书吗？Do you know how ma n y b o

7、 ok s yo u r t ea cher i s goi ng t o wr ite n e st year?9:你知道你们教师现在在哪吃午饭的吗 ？Do you kn o w wher e your t each e r i s havi n g lun c h?10:你知道昨天晚上7点半你爸爸和你妈妈在客厅里做 什么呢吗？Do you kno w wha t your f a th er and mo t he r we re do i ng i n t h e livi n g r oom a t half p a st 7 y esterda y?11:那个医生告诉我他临时在这个医

8、院帮助。The d o c tor t old m e t h a t he w a s helpi ng in th e ho spital.四种完成时态完成时态的构成时态7主系表主谓宾现在完成h av e (has) beenha ve hasdone过去完成h ad beenhad do ne将来完成w i 11 have b eenwi 1 l have done过去将来完成would have be enw ou 1 d h a ve d one现在完成时态的根本用法1. 表示一个过去发生的动作 对现在产生的结果和影响应该明确现在完成时态属于现在时态的范畴。它所强调的不 是过去发生的

9、动作，而是对现在产生的结果和影响。否那么用一 般过去时态就够了。请看下面的对话。 A We will s e n d som e on e to Ameri c a. 我们要派一个人去美国。BI have been t h e re.?我去过美国。ve r ymy=I was there an d I know the cou ntrywell. Would y o u sen d m e th e re?我去过那儿，很了解那个国家。能派我去吗？C-l h a v e not b ee n t he r e.?我还没去过那儿呢。= I d id n tgo t o Ameri c a.I t

10、i st urn.? ?我没去过。这次该我了。上面对话的前提是大家都抢着去美国。所以 B用现在完成时 态是想说明自己有经历，派他去好。而C用现在完成时态是说自己 没去过,轮也该轮到他了。两句都是强调对现在产生的影响 。D id yo u hav e lun ch? Have y o u h ad 1 un chDid y ou stu dy E nglish? H ave y ou studied Eng 1 ish?Lao ch an g di ed ? Laocha ng has d i ed?W ho w as herer?W ho h as beenhere?Ha ve yo u d

11、o n e you r homework2. 表示过去发生的动作一直持续到现在。通常用于持续性较强的动词， 例如:l iv e, st udy , wa i t for , be等等，并且常常与sin ce, for连用,si nc e给出的是过去的一 个时间点，女口 sine e 1958,而for往往给出的是一个时间段，如 for th r ee years。 H e h as studied E ngl i sh for ei g ht y ears. Sin c e 1 9 8 0 , th e y have know n eacho ther.注：完成时态表示延续的用法不可跟非延续动

12、词连用，如:d i e, go, le av e, receive 等。请看下面例句：X Hi s fath er has died for thre e y ear s. H isf ather h a s been d e ad for three years .第一句是错的。“死这个动作不可能延续。但一种状态却 可以延续。第二句用主系表句型是对的。过去完成时态，将来完成时态和过去将来完成时态?学习完成时态应注意，所有完成时态在“态的概念上是一样的,现在完成时态、过去完成时态、将来完成时态、过去将来完 成时态所不同的只是时间上的概念。所以我们只要掌握现在完成 时态,然后在时间上向过去推便是

13、过去完成时态，向将来推便是将来完成时态。3完成时态在主从句中的用法完成时态除上面讲到的两种根本用法之外，在主从句中通常可以用来表示主句与从句动作发生的先后次序。 Do y ou know he h as f i n i s hed h is h o mew o rk?现在完成时态“ has fin is h ed ”表示发生在一般现在时态“kn ow ”、* 、八之刖。 I he a rd he h ad b o u g h t a ne w car.过去完成时态had b o ught 表示发生在过去时态“ he a rd 之、八刖?现在完成时态“have h a d supp e r强调吃

14、过饭之后,即强 调从句动作发生在主句之前。从上面几个例句可以看出，在主从句中现在完成时态往往表示发生在另一个现在时态的动作之前，而过去完成时态那么表示发生在另一个过去时态的动作之前。请注意 下面的例句:以上简单地介绍了在主从句中完成时态的用法。请同学们在 做练习时多加注意。一、完成以下句子。1. H e sa i d 他从未去过西藏Tibet.2. 他从未给我写过信 ）si n ce heleft Be ij i n g.3. He s aid （他下月底就不用我的照相机了 camera.4. I h ope （雨会在明天中午前停下来 ）.5. By the e n d of t h at y

15、 ea r他已集了一千多张中国邮票）.6. I reall y d on know 他是否已经到了实验室la bo ratory.7. The boy k n ows that h e m u s t be braver and f i rme在他经历了这样的事情之后.8. I c ould n o t r e membe r whether （他已经付了字典钱.9. I m afr a i d I （至U时还没有找至U正确的答案）.10. Don t w o rry. Bef o re I get ho m e I就会把这件事全忘光的）.二、完成以下句子。1 .H e said that h

16、 ehad neverbe en to T10ibet.（他从未去过西藏 Ti b e t2. He hasn t w r i tten t o m e（他从未给我写过信） s ince he 1 eftBe ij i ng.3. He sai d th at he wou 1 d have d one wit h hav e u sed） my camera by th e en d o f n ex t month.（他下月底就不用我的照相 机了 camera.4ho p e thatby tomorrot h e rain w ill ha ve stop p ed w noon.（雨会

17、在明天中午前停下来）.By the e n d o f that ye ar he h a d collect e d mor e than a t h ou sand C h inese stamps.他已集了一千多张中国邮票）.6.1 r ea l 1y d o n tkn ow wh e ther he h a s got to th e labor a tory or not.他是否已经到了实验室 lab or atory.7. The bo y kn ow s thathe mu s t beb raver an d fi r m e r a f t er h e ha s e x

18、p e r i en ced such a th i ng .在他经历了这样的事情 之后）.Has go n e through8. I coul d no t remember w he t her h e had pa i d f or t he dict i onary.（他已经付了字典钱9. Im afraid I wont h ave got t he cor r ec t an swer b y th en.（到时还没有找到正确的答案）.10. D on w o r ry. B e f o r e I ge t home I wi 11 h a ve forgotten all a

19、bout the mat t er.就会把这 件事全忘光的.二、完成以下句子。1. He said 他从未去过西藏T ibet）.2. 他从未给我写过信s i nee heleft B e ij i ng.3. H e sa id（他下月底就不用我的照相机了 cam er a）.4. I hope雨会在明天中午前停下来.5. By th e en d of th a t y e ar他已集了一千多张中国邮票）.6. I re a lly d ont k now 他是否已经到了实验室 l a bora t ory）.个人收集整理勿做商业用途7. Th e boy k now s that h e

20、 mu st be b rav er an d firmer （在他经历了这样的事情之后 ）8. I co u Id not rem e mb e r w h e t her 他已经付了字典钱.9. I nafrai d I 到时还没有找到正确的答ii10. Do n t worry. B e f o r e I get h o m e I 就会把这件事全忘光的.二、时态选择。（该题全部取自于全国高考原卷）1. What d o you wantthose old b oxe s ?To put A . byt hings in w henI move to th e new flat wi

21、t hB.f or?C. of?D.2. he st arta to nee or wait for a w h ile? e t hi mst a rta t o n ee.? A. W i ll? B.W ould? C.DoesD. Shallt omorrow.C . s h al 1 r a in?3. I ca n t tell o u if it A. will r ai n ? B. rain sD. doe s rai n4.Didy o u wat ch t he play on CC TV 1last n ight? Itw as r e ally g oo d.No,

22、I did n t.?“Te a Hou se.A.Wh a t w a s it? B. Wha ts onC.What w as i tab outD.H ow abo uti t5.Ca n you giv e m e the rig htan swer ?Sorr y , I.Wouldy ourepeat tha t questi on?个人收集整理 勿做商业用途个人收集整理勿做商业用途A .had n t li ste nedlis t enedC.d o n tli sten s ten i ngB .h aven tD . wasnt l ii m pati entl y.A.

23、may waitC. co ul d wa itB. ou g h t to waitD. must be waiting6. I p romi s ed t o get there befor e 5 oc lo c k, but n ow t he rai n is pou ri ng dow n. T h e yfor me217. H a vent s een you for ages! D o you s till wo rk inFuzhou?.I ts two yearssinc e I wor k e dthere.A.Yes, I have?B. Yes, I doC. No

24、, I ha v e ntD. N o, I do ntB. Than ks , I willD. Thank s,8. G o odbye, Pet er, remem ber m e to yo ur parents.A . It / s very kind of you to s a y so C . You are so k in dwhat a good ide a9. Y ou a re t al k in g too m u ch .O n ly atho m e. N oon eme bu tyou.A.i sh e ar ingB .h adhe ar dC .he ar s

25、D .he a rd10.We wan tsome oneto design t hen ewar tm u seum f o r us .the youngfell owha v ea try?A. M ayB .Sha llC.Wi lD. Need11. I won d er w hy J e nnyh a ve heard from h e r b y now.A. ha s nt wr it ten oesnt wr i teus rec en tly. W e shouldC. w ont w ri te i tte nD. hadn tw r12.I d idn / t like

26、 au n t Lucy, whowi thout w a rn ing a nd pr esent ingA . a lways tu rned up?B. has alwa ys t ur ne d upC. w a s always t urnedupD. was a lwa ystu rni ng u p13.Has Tommy f i nish e dh is homewor k yet?I have n o ide a ; heit this mornin g .A. w a s d o ingB.ha dbe en do in gC.ha sd oneD. did14.The l

27、 it tl e g irlhe rh e a r t o u tbecau s e shehe r toy be arand belie ve ds h ew asn t ever goip to fi n di t.A. h a d c ri e d ; 1 o s t?B. c r i e d;h a dlostC. has c ried; has lostQ .c ries； h as los t15.Hey, lo o k wher e youar ego in g ?Oh, Im t e r ri b ly sor r yA .Im not no tici n gB.I w a s

28、n t notic ingC . I haventnoticedD .I do nt no ti ceB. d16. Do y ouNo, t h is A. w as com ingknow y our is the firsB . h a ve beent own at a 1 l? t tim e IC.ca mehe re.D. am17.1 m s o r ry -Oh, no ta fe w m i nu te s.A. have been wi l 1 beto ke ep yo u waiting . al 1 . IB.had b eenhee onlyC. wa sD.18

29、. my Y e s, I saw the A. D o you se e C. Wo uld you seegl a sses? m on yo ur bedminut eago.D.B.HaHadve y oyo uu seenseen19.You dont n eed to descri I _ her s ever aA. had metbe her.1 t i mB . h a ves.metC. me tD. mee t20. Who is Je rry Co op er?？ I sawyou s hakin g ha n d s with him at themeetin g.A

30、.Dontyoumee thi m y etB.Ha d ntyou met himyetC.Didntyoumeet himyetD.Have nt youmet hi m yet21.Helen _ her key s inthe of f ice so sh e hadtow ait unti1h er husbandh o me.A .has le f t;co meB. left; h ad co meC. h a d left; cameD.1 e f t;cam e22. H ow l o ngeacho the rbefo r e theymarried? For abo ut

31、 a yea r.A. have they know n;ge tB. did t h ey know; were goin gt ogetC. d o t hey know; are g o in g to get D . h a d they kno wn ; got时态选择。该题全部取自于全国高考原卷1. What do you wantt hose ol d boxesTo put thi ng s i n when I move t o the new flat.A . by ? B. f o r? C. ofQ with1 .D do s t h w i th st h or wa

32、n t sth with sth 意思是用什么东西或要什么东西做什么2. he start at once o r w ai t for a whi 1 e?Le t him s tart at o nce.A. Wi 1 l B. Woul d ? C.Does? D .Sh all2. D. S hallsha l 1表示征求对方意见。3. I ca n t te l y ou i f i tt o mor r o w.A. will rai n B.rains C.shall ra i n D .does rai n3. A.will r a in表示将来发生的事。4. Did y ou

33、 w at ch th e pl a y on CCT V 1 la s t n i ght? I t w as r e ally go od .No, I d id nt.?“ Tea House.A. W h a t w a si t ? B. Whats onC. W ha t w as it aboutD. How ab out it4 B Whats o n意思是演的是什么。5. Can you gi v e me the rig h t answer?S or r y, I_. Would y ou repe at th at questi on?A. had n t liste

34、n e dB. have n tli ste nedC. don tl is t enD. w as n tl iste ni ng5. D. wasn tl iste ning 表示刚刚一瞬间，所以要用过去进展时。6. I pr o m i sed to g e t there befo r e 5 o d oc k,but now the rain is pou r i ng d ow n .T hey for me impatiently .A.may w a itB. o ught to w a i tC. could w a i tD .must be waiti ng6. D.mu

35、st b e wai t ing mu s t be o rmust do都可以表示对目前的推测。该话应译成：想必他们等我等的不耐烦了。Must bemu s t be d o in gMus t h ave beenMu s t have d o n e7. H a v ent seen you for ag e s! Do you still wor k inFuzhou?. I ts tw o ye ars s ince I worke d t h ere .A. Yes, I have?B Y e s, I doC. N o, I have nt|d. No , I d ont7. D

36、. No , I do nt Its two yea rs s i nc e I w o rked the re. 此句应译成我已经有两年没在那里工作了。B. Th a nk s,8. Goodbye, Peter , remem be r me to your pare nts.A. I ts v e ry kind of y o u t o say s o I wil l9. Y o u a re ta 1k in g t o o mu ch.On 1 y at home.N o onem e bu tyo u.A. is hear in gB. hadhe a r dC. he a rs

37、D. hear d9. C.h ears表示事实用般时。10. We w a nt some one to d esign th e new a r t museum f o r us.theA. Ma yyou ng fellow have a t ry?C. W illB . S hallD.Need1 0 .B. S h a 1 lshall表示征求对方的意见hav e a try试一试,hav e a look壬、看看。11. I wonder why Jen nyu s recentl y. We sh ould hC. You are s okin data good id e a

38、8.B. Th ank s,I will决。在容许别人时应该用D. Thanks, whwi 1 I表示坚A. has nt writ tenC. won t w r it e?B. d oesn7 t write D. had ntave heard from h e r by now.w ritte n1 1 .A . h a sh t writ t en 因为recen tly表示过去延续到现在， 应用过去完成时。12. I d idn t1 ike aunt Lucy, wh owithout w arn ing and pre senti ngA. always t u rn e d

39、 up?B.has alw ays turn ed upC . was alw ays t u r ned up?D. w a s alway stu rn i ng up12.D. was al w ay s turni ng up, - b e always doi ng表示不满。 例如 M y wi f e is alwa y s wa tc hi ng TV .我的妻子总是 看电视。 T urn up意思是出现。该句应译成：我不喜欢我的婶子路西总不打招呼也不带礼物就突然出现。13. H as Tommy fini shed his h o mework yet?I have no i

40、dea;h eit this morni n g.A. w as doingB . had b e en d o in g C. has do n eD. did13.A. w as d oin g thismo rning 表示一个很短的过去时间，用过去进展时。14. The litt 1 e girlher h eart out be cau se shehe r t o y b e a r and believed sh e wa s n tev er going to fi nd i t.A. had cr i e d; los t ?C. h as cr ied; h as lost

41、 ? ?D .B. cried; had 1 o s tc ri e s; has lost14.B . cried; h ad 1 ost, c ry one S he art ou t哭得很伤心。在主从句中过去完成时表示动作发生在一般过去时之前，现在完 成时是指动作发生在一般现在时之前。强调主从句的时间差。15. Hey, look whe r e you are goi n g?Oh, Im te rribly sor r y A. Im not not i ci n gB . I w asn no tici ngC. I h ave nt no t ic edD. I d on no

42、tice15. B表示过的动作短暂用过去进展时16. Do you kno w y ou r town at all?N o , this is t he fir s t tim e IA. w a sB . have been C . ca meh ere.D. amc oming16. B从过到现在的经历用现在完成时17. I m sorry to k e ep-Oh, not at a 1 few m i n u te s .A. hav e b eeny ou wa iting . l. IB. h ad beenC.h e r ew asaD.will be17. A过去的状态持续到

43、现在用现在完成时18. m y g l as ses?Yes, I saw th em o n your bed a mi nu t e ago. A. Do y ou seeB . Had yo u se enC. W ould y ou seeD. H ave you see n18. D过去的动作对现在产生的影响用现在完成时19. You dont n eed to d e s c ri be h er.C. m e tI he r se v e ra 1 times.A. had m e tB. h a ve metD. m e e t19. B从过到现在的经历用现在完成时。20. W

44、ho is J e rry C ooper?saw you s h aking h andswithhim atthe meetin g.B. Had nt you mD. Have nt y o uA. D on t you m eet hi m ye t e t h i m y etC . Di d n t yo u m e et him ye t met him yet2 0. D过去的动作对现在产生的影响用现在完成时21. H e l enh er keys int he offic e so sh e ha dto wa i t u n til h e r husban dh ome

45、.A. has lef t ; c omeB. 1 eft;had comeC . h a d left; cameD. left; cam e21.C动作发生在过去的过去，强调时间差用过去完成时。22. How 1o nge a ch ot h e r befo r e t hey marrie d? Fo r about a year.A. have t hey known; getB. did t he y know; w e re goi n g to ge tC. d o they know; are go i ng t o getD. h ad they k nown; got22. D 动作发生在过去的过去，强调时间差用过去完成时