高中英语短文改错.ppt

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1、高中英语短文改错 兰陵四中 王 毅,短文改错主要考查,1. 识别错误并准确校正错误的能力； 2. 综合运用英语知识的能力； 3. 准确理解语篇、掌握内容及行文逻辑的能力。,改错处的设置,试题采用1、1、8的方式，即：多了一词，少了一词，八处错误。,短文改错的考点分布如下,1 词法错误 名词：主要考查其可数性或单复的使用。 代词：主要考查前后指代的一致性以及某些习惯用法等。 动词：主要考查主谓一致、时态、语态、非谓语动词、情态动词、系动词等。 冠词：主要考查定冠词、不定冠词和零冠词。,形容词：主要考查比较等级、搭配等用法或者与副词的混用。 副词： 主要考查副词比较等级、搭配等用法，有时也考行文逻

2、辑方面的问题等，或与形容词的混用。 介词：主要考查介词的习惯搭配（比如与名词搭配、与动词搭配、与形容词的搭配等。 并列连词：主要考查行文逻辑。 各类从句引导词：主要考查各类从句的引导词的正确使用。,2. 句法错误 从句法上考查简单句、并列句、复合句的否定、疑问、倒装、省略等。 3. 行文逻辑错误 考查人物的性别、时间先后、肯定及否定、因果、并列与转折、递进关系等。,改错10字要诀,完整 一致 多少 词法 逻辑,完整,一个句子不可没有主语和谓语，缺少其中任何一个句子便不完整。 判断一个句子的正误，首先就要看该句是否缺主语或多了主语以及有没有谓语或多一个谓语动词。,1. People fight

3、with fire usually end up with ashes. (在People 后加who。定语从句中缺主语。）,who,或：People fight with fire usually end up with ashes.,_,fighting,2. All of the students, boys and girls, they go in for sports. (多了主语，应去掉they。）,3. Every kind of Chinese food is worth trying, because each has a delicious food and good f

4、or health.（09重庆卷） （good 前加is, be good for “对。有好处”， 缺谓语。）,is,4. He wrote to her, said, “ Ill love you forever.” （ 多了谓语，应将said改为saying。）,_,saying,一致,主要是指： 时态、语态、语气方面的一致及主谓一致；代词的一致。,5. To ignore the facts do not change the facts. (do 改为does。动词不定式短语作主语。）,_,does,6. Stop thinking about things that worries

5、 you. （worries 改为worry。先行词things是复数，定语从句的谓语与先行词一致。）,_,worry,7. Where to go and when to set off has not been announced. （主语是两个动词不定式，要看作是复数，谓语动词与主语的数不一致。要将 has 改为have。 ）,_,have,7. When and where to build a new factory have not been decided. （ have 改为has。主语是一个动词不定式短语，谓语动词要用单数。）,_,has,8. Every means hav

6、e been tried to settle the problem. （ have 改为has。Means 方法，单复同形，在此由every修饰，是单数，谓语动词应该用第三人称单数形式。）,_,has,9. The teacher, as well as a number of students, were asked to attend the party. （ were 改为was。主语是The teacher。）,_,was,10. Many countries in the world find we dont have enough water. （2012全国卷II） （ we

7、改为they。指代不一致。）,_,they,多了或少了主语、谓语； 多了或少了不定式符号to; 多了或少了冠词、介词、副词等。,多少,11. He let me to have a rest. 多了to,多少,12.Now I am living in a city, but I miss my home in countryside.(2015全国新课标I卷） （ 在countryside 前加the。）,the,13. He entered into the classroom, book in hand. (去掉into。）,14. Honest labor needs no a mas

8、ter. （ 去掉a。）,词法,主要指： 容易混淆的词：（如动词、介词等。） 词性：（形容词与副词的混用。） 名词：可数名词和不可数名词；名词的单复数；名词所有格。,代词： 人称代词的主格和宾格；形容词性的物主代词和名词性的物主代词；反身代词。 关系代词、副词的误用。 先行词。 固定搭配。,探究点一 、 名词错误,(1)(2014年新课标I卷) Since then-for all these year,we have been allowing tomatoes to self-seed where they please. As a result, the plants are growi

9、ng everywhere. (2)(2012年新课标I卷) From the time I was about four until I was about six, I destroyed each of my toy. (3)(2011年新课标I卷) Luckily I had all my money in my pocket, but the only clothes Ihad were those I had on. It felt very strange to travel without any luggages.,years,_,toys,_,luggage,_,探究点二、

10、 代词错误,(1)(2015年新课标I卷) We must find ways to protect your environment. (2)(2013新课标I卷) He had a deep voice, which set himself apart from others in our small town, and he was strong and powerful. (3)(2014新课标I卷) The fruits are small in size, but juicy and tasty. There are so much that we often share them

11、 with our neighbors. (4)(2015年新课标I卷) Much rare animals are dying out.,Many,_,our,_,many,_,him,_,探究点三、 介词错误及含有介词的固定短语,(1)(2015年新课标I卷) Unfortunately, on the development of industrialization, the environment has been polluted. (2)(2014年新课标I卷) Nearly five years ago, and with the help by our father, my s

12、ister and I planted some cherry tomatoes (圣女果)in our back garden. (3)(2013年新课标I卷) He was tall, with broad shoulders and a beard that turned from black toward grey over the years. (4)(2012年新课标I卷) When I tore apart my fifth birthday toy train, my father said, “Thats it. No more toys to you.” (5)(2011年

13、新课标I卷) Luckily I had all my money on my pocket, but the only clothes Ihad were those I had on.,with,_,of,_,to,_,for,_,in,_,探究点四、 冠词错误及含有冠词的固定短语,(1)(2015年新课标I卷) When I was a child, I hoped to live in the city. I thought I would be happy there. Now I am living in a city, but I miss my home in countrys

14、ide. (2)(2014年新课标I卷) Since then-for all these years-we have been allowing tomatoes to self-seed where they please. As result, the plants are growing everywhere. (3)(2013年新课标I卷) In a fact, he even scared my classmates away when they came over to play or do homework with me. (4) (2011年新课标I卷) I was goi

15、ng to visit a friend there and after that I would go to Xiamen for long holiday.,the,a,a,探究点五 形容词和副词错误,(1)(2015年新课标I卷) Lots of studies have shown that global warming has already become a very seriously problem. (2)(2014年新课标I卷) Nearly five years before, and with the help of our father, my sister and

16、I planted some cherry tomatoes(圣女果)in our back garden. (3)(2013年新课标I卷) I remember my grandfather very much. He was tall, with broad shoulders and a beard that turned from black to gray over the years. (4)(2013年新课标I卷) However, he was the gentlest man I have never known.,serious,_,ago,_,well,_,ever,_,

17、动词的时态和语态,探究点一 上下文时态一致错误,(1)(2015年新课标I卷) When I was a child, I hoped to live in the city. I think I would be happy there. (2)(2014年新课标I卷) Since then-for all these years, we had been allowing tomatoes to self-seed where they please. (3)(2013新课标I卷) I hardly remember my grandmother. She used to hold me

18、on her knees and sing old songs. I was only four when she passes away. (4)(2012新课标I卷) When I tear apart my fifth birthday toy train, my father said, Thats it. No more toys for you. My punishment lasted a year.,thought,_,have,_,passed,_,tore,_,探究点二 被动语态错误,(1)(2015年新课标I卷) Lots of studies have been sho

19、wn that global warming has already become a very serious problem. (2) The party will held in the roof garden of the Main Building. (3) I was so pleased to hear from you and Im writing to tell you something about my school. You are right, quite few changes have been taken place. (4) I like English an

20、d computer best and I am very good at them. Last year I had won the first prize in the school computer competition. (5) Id like to tell you something about our school sports meet last week. It was holding on Oct. 6th.,be,held,_,探究点三 情态动词错误,(1)(2015年新课标I卷) We must found ways to protect our environmen

21、t. If we fail to do so ,well live to regret it. 2) My father mustnt have said such a thing for he always treats me in a gentle way (3) I will like to know where you were born. (4) I would like you read it again. (5) What will you like to do when you finish your course at Leeds? (6) I hope you can vi

22、sit my country soon, because Id to show you some beautiful places near my home.,find,_,would,_,to,would,_,like/love,cant,_,非谓语动词,探究点一 动词不定式错误,(1)(2013年新课标I卷) I hardly remember my grandmother. She used to holding me on her knees and sing old songs. (2)(2012年新课标I卷) Meanwhile, I found out that with mor

23、e patience I could make my toys to last. My attitude changed from then on. (3) I was used to go to the cinema once a week. (4) His father would not let him to go. (5) We hear it say frequently that what present-day men most desire is security. (6) You had better not to go there.,hold,_,said,_,探究点二 动

24、词-ing错误,(1) (2011年新课标I卷) My summer travel started terribly. I was at the Shanghai Railway Station buy a ticket to Hangzhou. (2) He always enjoys to reading a detective story. (3) They saw Ah Fu swimming towards the bank carried my little sister. (4) The main subjects I studied at school including Ch

25、inese, maths, English, physics, chemistry and computer.,buying,_,carrying,_,included,_,探究点三 动词done错误,(1) It is difficult to make yourself understand in English. (2) My parents live in the country. They keep a dog calling Ah Fu.,understood,_,called,_,There are five enemies of peace: greed, ambition,

26、envy, anger and proud. （proud 改为pride。 ） greed (n.) greedy (adj.) ambition -ambitious envy - envious anger -angry,_,pride,补偿训练,He is tall than his sister. （ tall 改为taller。）,_,taller,Make important decision when you are in a good mood. （decision改为decisions。）,_,decisions,Be willing to resist anything

27、which takes you off your chosen path. （which 改为that 。）,_,that,Its been three Saturdays now and it really costs me many.（2015四川卷） （ many 改为much。 指的是花费很多钱。）,_,much,From then on, weve kept touch with each other through e-mails.（2010全国II卷） (touch 前加in 。keep in touch with 是固定短语，表“与。保持联系”。）,in,That is whi

28、ch other teachers say.（2013辽宁卷） ( which 改为what。what 在表语从句中作say 的宾语。）,_,what,I dont want to lend him some money, so Im afraid Ill lose our friendship.（2015四川卷） ( so 改为 but 。“我不想借钱给他，但我怕失去我们的友谊。”两个分句有转折关系。）,_,but,Im 30 years old. If only I was a child! 把was 改为were; If only 引导的句子，谓语动词用虚拟语气。动词be 要用were.

29、,_,were,Hurry up, so well be late. （ so 改为or。前后分句有明显的转折关系，故换成表转折的“否则”。）,_,or,Summing up （小结）,短文改错有妙计 完整一致看仔细 词法侧重冠名动 形副互换要留意 分词出现多琢磨 主动被动和语气 全文一处多一词 一处少词关介词 时态人称要统一 连词用法重逻辑,My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live . Though not very big ,but the restaurant is popular in our area. It

30、 is always crowded with customers at meal times .Some people even had to wait outside. My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honest. Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables or high quality oil are using for cooking. My uncle says that he never dreams becoming rich in the short perio

31、d of time. Instead, he hopes that our business will grow steady.,高考真题再现2016,_,_,_,_, where,steadily, have,_,_,_, honesty,and,used,of,_,a, his,高考真题再现2015,When I was a child, I hoped to live in the city. I think I would be happy there. Now I am living in a city, but I miss my home in countryside. Ther

32、e the air is clean or the mountains are green. Unfortunately, on the development of industrialization, the environment has been polluted. Lots of studies have been shown that global warming has already become a very seriously problem. The airs we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier. Much rare

33、animals are dying out. We must found ways to protect your environment. If we fail to do so, well live to regret it .,thought,_,the,and,_,with,_,serious,_,air,_,Many,_,find,_,our,_,Nearly five years before, and with the help by our father, my sister and I planted some cherry tomatoes(圣女果)in our back

34、garden. Since then-for all these year-we had been allowing tomatoes to self-seed where they please. As result, the plants are growing somewhere. The fruits are small in size, but juicy and taste. There are so much that we often share them with our neighbors. Although we allow tomato plants to grow in the same place year after year, but we have never had any disease or insect attack problems. We are growing wonderfully tomatoes at no cost!,ago,_,of,_,years,_,have,_,a,everywhere,_,tasty,_,many,_,wonderful,_,高考真题再现2014,