2022年高考英语一轮复习第一部分教材重点全程攻略Unit1Greatscientists限时规范特训新人教版必修5

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1、2022年高考英语一轮复习第一部分教材重点全程攻略Unit1Greatscientists限时规范特训新人教版必修5.完形填空Persistence Brings about SuccessWhen my sister Diane began playing the violin, she was seven. How did she sound? Terrible. But she didnt _1_. At twelve, she asked our parents if she could _2_ a fulltime music school. They said no. Actual

2、ly, everyone agreed that my sister _3_ talent.I was better at my _4_. My teacher had told my parents that I had great _5_. So my parents found the best piano teacher in the area to _6_ me. But the only time he was _7_ was Saturday afternoons at 3 pm. Back then, I was _8_ about the British TV show “T

3、he Avengers”， which was _9_ every Saturday at 3 pm. I let nothing take up my “Avengers” hour. So I _10_ this amazing opportunity. Today, I dont even have a _11_ in my house.My sister became an engineer, but she _12_ stopped making music. When she was in her 40s, she switched _13_. She went back to c

4、ollege, got a(n) _14_ in music education, and became a music teacher. She starts kids out on their first instrument and gives them all the encouragement and support she never _15_. Recently, she and a pianist pal put on a recital (演奏会). A big crowd of friends and family _16_ for her. As she played,

5、I looked around at the _17_. Everyone was _18_ enjoying the music. It occurred to me that I was the only person who remembered that 7yearold kid making those perfectly _19_ sounds and knew how far she had e, _20_ everything.Talent is important, but enthusiasm is even more important.篇章导读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作

6、者的妹妹小时候喜欢音乐，但是大家都认为她没有天分。相反，作者的老师认为作者在音乐方面有很大的潜能。但是，作者因为痴迷于电视节目而拒绝了学习钢琴的机会。多年以后，妹妹放弃了工程师的工作转学音乐，成为了一名优秀的音乐教师。只有作者知道妹妹成功的背后付出了多少努力。这让作者明白了天分固然重要，但是更重要的是一个人的热情。1A.advance BquitCreflect Dlisten答案：B根据下一句中的“she asked our parents . music school”可知，黛安娜还询问父母自己是否能够上全日制的音乐学校，说明她没有停止追求音乐的梦想。quit意为“停止”，符合语境。2A.

7、inspect Bopen Cattend Dvisit答案：C根据上一句可知，黛安娜并没有放弃自己的音乐梦想，结合本句中的“fulltime music school”可知，她询问父母自己是否能上一所全日制的音乐学校。attend school意为“上学”，符合语境。3A.lacked BspottedCpossessed Dadmired答案：A根据本段第三句“Terrible.”和倒数第二句“They said no.”可知，黛安娜拉小提琴的水平很糟糕，且父母拒绝了她上全日制音乐学校的请求，说明大家都认为她在音乐方面缺乏天分。lack “缺乏”，符合语境。4A.major Bprojec

8、tCposition Dinstrument答案：D根据本段第三句中的“my parents found the best piano teacher”可知，相反，作者更擅长演奏乐器，所以，父母给作者找到了最好的钢琴老师。instrument意为“乐器”，符合语境。5A.patience BdoubtCpotential Dambition答案：C根据下一句中的“my parents found the best piano teacher”可知，父母为作者找了最好的钢琴老师，说明他们认为作者在音乐方面有很大的潜能。potential意为“潜能”，符合语境。6A.train BexamineC

9、correct Dchallenge答案：A作者的父母给作者找了最好的老师的目的是让老师来培训作者。train意为“训练；培训”，符合语境。7A.punctual BskillfulCoccupied Davailable答案：D根据本句中的“Saturday afternoons at 3 pm.”可知，这个老师只有在星期六下午3点的时候才会有空余的时间来给作者上课。available意为“有空的；可获得的”，符合语境。8A.sensitive BcrazyCserious Dparticular答案：B根据下句“I let nothing take up my Avengers hour.

10、”可知，作者当时痴迷于电视节目，所以对于练习弹钢琴没有充分的热情。be crazy about意为“痴迷于”，符合语境。9A.filmed Bdesigned Caired Dmented答案：C根据本句中的“British TV show The Avengers”可知，作者痴迷于看电视节目，而这个电视节目正好就是在星期六的下午3点开始播放。 air在此处作动词，意为“播放；广播”，符合语境。10A.jumped at Bturned downCwaited for Dopened up答案：B根据上一句中的“let nothing take up my Avengers hour”可知，作

11、者沉迷于看电视节目。在这个时间段，作者只看电视，不练习钢琴，所以拒绝了一个很好的学习钢琴的机会。turn down意为“拒绝”，符合语境。11A.tutor BviolinCmusician Dpiano答案：D父母想让作者练钢琴，但是她却痴迷于电视节目，放弃了学习钢琴的机会，所以至今家里连一架钢琴(piano)都没有。12A.never BonceCalready Deven答案：A根据本句中的“became an engineer”和but以及“stopped making music”可知，作者的妹妹黛安娜虽然最后成了一名工程师，但是她却从来没有(never)停止学习音乐。13A.att

12、itudes BcareersCplans Dpositions答案：B根据上文中的“became an engineer”可知，黛安娜本来是一名工程师，再结合下文“She went back to college . and became a music teacher.”可知，妹妹虽然成了工程师，但后来却放弃了事业，成了一名音乐教师。结合上下文可知，黛安娜的职业发生了翻天覆地的变化。career意为“事业”，符合语境。14A.scholarship BsponsorCdegree Dassistant答案：C根据本句中的“went back to college”和“and became

13、a music teacher”可知，黛安娜为了转换职业，先回到大学，学习新的专业并获得相应的学位。degree意为“学位”，符合语境。15A.provided Bimagined Creceived Dexpected答案：C黛安娜成为音乐教师之后，开始教授孩子们演奏乐器，而且会给孩子们很多鼓励和支持。而这些是她在童年的时候没有从家人那里得到的。receive意为“得到”，符合语境。16A.voted BfearedCstayed up Dturned up答案：D根据上一句中的“a pianist pal put on a recital (演奏会)”可知，最近，黛安娜和另外一个朋友举办了

14、一场演奏会，很多朋友和家人都来支持她。turn up意为“出现；到场”，符合语境。17A.students BaudienceCspotlights Dplatform答案：B根据上一句“A big crowd of friends and family _16_ for her.”可知，很多人来参加黛安娜的演奏会。作者观察这些观众，发现他们都沉浸于美妙的音乐中。audience意为“观众；听众”，符合语境。18A.obviously BdesperatelyCappropriately Danxiously答案：A根据本句中的“enjoying the music”可知，作者发现，这些观众显

15、然都很喜欢妹妹演奏的音乐。obviously意为“显然地”，符合语境。19A.booming BpleasingCawful Dpowerful答案：C根据第一段第三句“Terrible.”可知，在黛安娜七岁的时候，她演奏的小提琴非常难听，而现在，作者依然还记得她演奏时发出的难听的声音。awful意为“可怕的；糟糕的”，符合语境。20A.despite BthroughCunder Dacross答案：A作者想到，自己是那个唯一记得那个七岁的小女孩制造出来的难听的声音的人，也是唯一知道妹妹如何不顾一切，历经艰辛获得现在的成就的人。despite意为“不管；尽管”，符合语境。.阅读理解Axx湖南

16、桃江一中月考Now a group of scientists, including ones from CalTech, MIT and the LIGO Scientific Collaboration finally found the gravitational waves (重力波). They announced they were able to see ripples in the structure of spacetime.What are these gravitational waves? Well, imagine throwing a rock into a pon

17、d. When the rock hits the flat surface of the water, it creates ripples. Spacetime is like the surface of the water. So gravitational waves are like the ripples moving out from where the rock hits the water.It was Einstein who said these gravitational waves should be observable. But these are not hu

18、ge waves. They are smaller than the size of an atom, which is why it took so long to find them.Since xx, scientists have been watching for these gravitational waves, using a giant scientific tool called LIGO. They have been watching two black holes in another faraway galaxy (星系). The two were spinni

19、ng around each other, moving closer and closer together. When they finally crashed into each other, gravitational waves were caused. With great power and force, they rang throughout the universe, like a giant bell. Those waves, traveling at the speed of light, finally reached the Earth, some 1.3 bil

20、lion years later. The National Science Foundation said that each of the black holes was 29 to 36 times the mass of our sun.This discovery means our understanding of the heavens has changed greatly.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了重力波，爱因斯坦早期就相信重力波可以被观察到。1The author explains the gravitational waves by _.Apresenting

21、 recent research findingsBdrawing a vivid pictureCparing them to something familiarDusing proper examples答案：C细节理解题。根据第二段第四、五句可知，作者通过和相似东西对比来解释重力波。故选C。2According to the author, finding the gravitational waves means _.Athere is a better way to deal with physical problemsBwe have a better understanding

22、 of the universeCwe have reached a new level in earth studiesDthere exists another galaxy in the universe答案：B细节理解题。根据最后一段“This discovery means our understanding of the heavens has changed greatly.”可知，发现重力波意味着我们对宇宙有更好的理解。故选B。3What does the word “they” in Paragraph 4 refer to?AThe black holes.BThe gra

23、vitational waves.CThe scientific tools.DThe galaxies.答案：A指代判断题。根据画线词所在句的前两句“They have been watching two black holes in another faraway galaxy (星系). The two were spinning around each other, moving closer and closer together.”可知，they指的是“黑洞”。故选A。4This passage mainly talks about _.Aa new theory of gravi

24、tational waves opposite to EinsteinsBa description of the scientific research on black holesCthe relationship between black holes and gravitational wavesDthe discovery of gravitational waves Einstein believed observable答案：D主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句及第三段第一句可知，文章介绍了发现了爱因斯坦相信可以观察到的重力波。故选D。BMy family moved around a

25、 lot when I was growing up. In 2nd grade, I lived here in Washington DC, where I made an amazing group of friends. I was upset when my parents told me we were moving again and I would have to leave all my best friends behind.In 7th grade, we moved back to Washington DC. And I could not have been mor

26、e excited and I felt like I was finally home again. But things had changed. There were two new girls, who decided that they didnt like me, which meant no one else could, not even all my former best friends.And then one day during school, I opened my locker, only to find a note lying on the floor. Th

27、e note said：Die. Nobody likes you. My heart started beating faster and I felt the blood rushing to my face. I had no idea what to do. The note wasnt signed and I had no idea who had written it, but I figured the new girls were behind it. I had to sit in class all day with my head down, wondering who

28、 else knew about this shame. I felt horrible and sure that nothing would ever be good again. I decided that the perfect way to end all of this was with another note, left on the bathroom mirror at school. Its sad for someone to bully (欺负) other classmates to make themselves feel better or look cool.

29、 Bullying others is a way to impress others. Its mon, but that doesnt mean its Okay. Looking cool is not worth making others feel bad. Obviously Im very happy now, but it doesnt mean Ill ever forget about that note or how it made me feel. And to those of you that are current victims of bullyingknow

30、that you are NOT alone. It will get better. I promise.篇章导读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。家庭的搬迁会给孩子的生活和学习带来一些问题，但本文小作者以积极且坦诚的心态去面对，用颇具建设性的办法解决问题，值得读者们学习、借鉴。5Why was the author unhappy when she left Washington DC?AShe couldnt adapt herself.BShe had to leave her best friends.CShe was growing up there.DShe hated traveling

31、 a lot.答案：B细节理解题。根据文中第一段最后一句可知，答案是B。6When the author opened the locker, she felt_.AsurprisedBannoyedCamusedDashamed答案：D细节理解题。根据文中第四段倒数第二句可知，小作者当时感到很羞愧。7In the end, the author turned things around_.Aunder her teachers guideBby promising to othersCwith her best friends helpDthrough her own efforts答案：D

32、推理判断题。根据文章最后二段可知，小作者用颇具建设性的办法解决了问题，即在学校的浴室镜子上留言。8What suggestion does the author give to the teens?AMeet friends whenever possible. BMake efforts to fight back hard.CGo easy on yourself and others.DBe optimistic and let a thing slide.答案：D推理判断题。根据最后一段，即小作者自己的留言的内容可推知，她的建议是：遇到逆境时，一定要冷静乐观，对伤害自己的人和事不必看得

33、过重。故D项正确。.短文改错Not having passed the exam, Xiao Ming remained in the classroom after school. When asking, he told me he didnt dare to go home because of he was afraid of being scolded or beaten by his dad. Hearing that he said, I felt sorry for him and couldnt help think of the “wolf father”Children

34、will behave well if they are punishing when they do something wrong and that punishment should be physical punishment, which is an extreme important educational concept to many parents. But I think this violent way harms children mental growth and the forming of their good characters.No one can avoi

35、d making mistake. Parents should help our children correct mistakes and encourage them make progress.答案：Not having passed the exam, Xiao Ming remained in the classroom after school. When ， he told me he didnt dare to go home because he was afraid of being scolded or beaten by his dad. Hearing he sai

36、d, I felt sorry for him and couldnt help of the “wolf father”Children will behave well if they are when they do something wrong and that punishment should be physical punishment, which is an important educational concept to many parents. But I think this violent way harms mental growth and the formi

37、ng of their good characters.No one can avoid making . Parents should help children correct mistakes and encourage them make progress.1askingasked考查状语从句的省略。when asked相当于“when he was asked”。2去掉because后的of考查原因状语从句的引导词。because of后跟名词、名词短语或what从句。而because引导从句。3thatwhat考查宾语从句的连接词。what he said作hearing的宾语，w

38、hat又在从句中作said的宾语。4thinkthinking考查固定搭配。cant help doing . “忍不住做”。5punishingpunished考查动词的语态。they与punish之间为被动关系，故用被动语态。6extremeextremely考查副词。副词extremely修饰形容词important。7childrenchildrens考查名词的所有格。此处需表达“的”，因此用childrens。8mistakemistakes考查固定搭配。make mistakes或make a mistake “犯错误”。9ourtheir考查代词。此处指上文提到的parents，故用their。10make前加to考查固定搭配。encourage sb. to do sth. “鼓励某人做某事”。