轻型货车循环球式转向器设计【含17张CAD图纸、说明书】【QX系列】
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密 级分类号编 号成 绩本科生毕业设计 (论文)外 文 翻 译原 文 标 题History of the development of the Steering System 译 文 标 题转向系统的发展的历史作者所在系别机电工程学院作者所在专业作者所在班级作 者 姓 名作 者 学 号指导教师姓名指导教师职称完 成 时 间教务处制译文标题转向系统的发展原文标题History of the development of the Steering System作 者Abbott译 名艾布特国 籍美国原文出处Car and Driver摘要:车辆的基本系统中必须有转向系统,驾驶员操纵方向盘来通过转向系统来控制汽车的行驶方向,达到他的行驶目的。100多年来,汽车工业机械和电子技术在不断发展和进步。今天的汽车不是纯机械意义上的汽车,它是机械、电子、材料和其他综合产品。转向系统随着汽车工业的发展在长期进化。关键词:转向系统 汽车 驾驶 发展转向系统的发展转向系统在车辆系统的基本系统是必要的,司机通过方向盘来操纵和控制汽车的方向旅行,以实现他的驾驶意图。100多年来,汽车工业机械和电子技术的发展和进步。今天,汽车不是纯机械意义上的汽车,它是机械、电子、材料和其他综合产品。转向系统随着汽车工业的发展在长期进化。传统的转向系统是机械转向系统,汽车方向盘,通过引导控制等一系列的机械零件方向盘实现偏转,从而实现转向。在1950年代,液压动力转向系统在汽车应用,标志着转向系统的开始。源以前的人类和液压动力转向的助推器。HPS液压助力器(液压动力转向)是基于机械转向系统和液压系统增加了。液压系统和发动机,当将军的一部分引擎启动时,提供汽车发动机功率,另一部分动能的液压系统。由于其可靠工作,成熟的技术仍然得到了广泛的应用。转向系统的主要特点是流体压力,减少司机方向盘的支持,改善了操舵灯和汽车操作稳定性。但与此同时,也有一些液压系统缺陷:完成针对汽车设计和制造的汽车转向,若不能改变的动力学特征后。直接后果是,在低功率动态特征时,汽车在低段可以很好,但在高速段感的好方法,因为不能调整动力特征,没有更好的方式驱动,高功率的动态特征时,以低段参数效果不是很好,如果没有,目标车辆液压系统也必须在发动机驱动。因此,能源消耗,增加燃料发动机,现有的液压油泄漏问题应该不仅污染环境,而且容易影响其他组件。针对低温,液压系统性能很差。近年来,随着电子技术的广泛应用,转向系统也越来越多的使用电子设备。因此,变成使用电子控制系统出现相应的电动液压助力转向系统。电动液压动力转向系统可以分为两类:电动液压操舵系统(电液压动力(EHPS)和电动液压转向电子控制转向(液压动力转向)。电动液压操舵系统在液压动力系统的基础上开发的液压增压系统,不同的是,电动液压系统液压系统的电源,但不是由汽车发动机汽车驱动液压系统,节约能源,降低发动机油耗。电动液压操舵装置是在传统的液压助力系统的基础上开发,所不同的是,电动液压操舵系统,电子控制设备增加。电子控制单元可以根据转向速度,速度的汽车液压系统的操作参数,改变液压增压速度不同的大小,从而实现变化,动态特征。但根据电机驱动液压系统,反过来,电机停止转动,从而减少能源消耗。虽然电动液压动力转向液压操舵系统克服了缺点。但由于液压系统的存在,它的存在液压油泄漏问题,和电动液压助力转向系统,介绍了电机驱动系统更复杂,成本和可靠性。 为了区别电动液压转向系统、电动助力转向系统电动助力转向(EPS)。现在应该知道各种各样的转向系统,最大的区别在于电动助力转向系统没有液压系统。最初由液压操舵系统的电动机。电动助力转向系统一般由扭矩传感器和微处理器、电机、等的基本原理是:当司机将方向盘驱动轴旋转,安装在转动轴的扭矩传感器和扭矩信号到电信号微处理器,微处理器基于其他车辆运行速度和扭矩信号的参数,根据治疗的程序集电力汽车助推器方向和大小的助推器。自1988年以来,第一次在日本铃木Cervo汽车装备转向系统、动力转向系统被广泛承认的人。转向系统主要体现在以下方面:动力转向系统可以提供不同在不同速度下的动态特性。低,方向盘,增加更多的光,在高速转向减少,甚至为了提高道路增加潮湿。动力转向系统只有在驾驶汽车去工作,提供动力,以减少能源消耗。电动机工作时,由电池驱动的电动助力转向系统不能在发动机工作条件下的工作。电动助力转向系统不应该液压系统,而液压增压系统和自动装配。和电动助力转向系统可以改变助推器微处理器算法的程序,简单的动力学特征的变化。科学和技术的发展正在改变,传统的转向系统的转向控制(车轮转向),并将传播机制。但思想的火花总是可以带来惊喜!电子转向系统南偏西方向(线)改变了传统的三个最与微控制器的概念,取而代之的是转向传动机构、三个最分成两部分。电子转向系统是最先进的技术和汽车转向系统。它主要由转向控制模块、执行模块和微控制器三个模块。转向控制模块的主要功能是扭矩传感器的检测司机的意图,和检测信号(包括旋转方向和转速等)乘公共汽车,微控制器,基于信号和微控制器,和速度反馈控制模块是一个方向盘,让司机,能感觉到。但就是这样,是开发虚拟根据测试数据的集成,形成了“体验”,通过固化过程的微控制器。如此速度,转向力矩的大小和一些对应关系。转向角传感器和致动器包括转向汽车,转向电机控制器等。这是微控制器根据控制命令的函数,执行驱动电机旋转角度,完整的行动。同样大小的旋转角度传感器监测和反馈微控制器,形成一个完整的准确的闭环控制系统,转向运动。微控制器是电子转向系统的核心。它是接收信号检测、处理发送相应的控制信号。由于微控制器取代了转向传动机构,因此系统的组件之间的机械连接,减少响应速度和响应的准确性。并且把战略、传输控制软件编程设置,和其他设备,如ABS,自动导航设备。传导机制减少带来的更大的汽车室内空间,给更多的乐趣。并将行为可以被记录下来,保存在软件可以帮助eepm经过进一步完善转向控制策略,甚至可以为交通事故提供证据。全屏阅读 关闭全屏阅读 你的评分:有道翻译中国最大最稳定的免费在线翻译 添加书签 History of the development of the Steering SystemSteering system is necessary in vehicle system is the basic system, driver through the steering wheel to manipulate and control cars direction of travel, so as to realize the intention of his driving. For more than 100 years, automobile industry with mechanical and electronic technology development and progress. Today, the car is not purely mechanical sense of a car, it is the mechanical, electronic, materials and other comprehensive product. Steering system with the development of the car industry after the long evolution. The traditional steering system is mechanical steering system, automotive steering wheel, by pilot control through such a series of mechanical parts steering wheel to realize the deflection, so as to realize the steering. As in the 1950s, hydraulic power steering system in automotive applications, marked the beginning of steering system. Sources of power steering by previous human to human and hydraulic booster. Hydraulic booster HPS (Hydraulic Power Steering) is in the Steering system based on the mechanical and Hydraulic system increased a. The hydraulic system and the engine, when the general part of the engine starts, provide automobile engine power forward, another part of the kinetic energy of hydraulic system for power. Due to its reliable work, mature technology still has been widely used. The steering system of the main characteristic is the fluid pressure, reduce drivers support in the steering wheel, improved the steering light and auto operation stability. But at the same time, there are also some hydraulic power system flaw: Aiming at vehicle design and manufacture, after the completion of the vehicle steering dynamical characteristics cannot change. The direct consequence is that when the dynamical characteristics in low power, car in low segment can get very good, but in high-speed period has good way to sense, because cannot adjust dynamical characteristics, no better way drivers, When the dynamical characteristics in high power, not very good at low segment tprompt effect, If not, aiming to vehicle hydraulic system must also be in the engine driving. As a result, the energy consumption, increase fuel engine, Existing hydraulic oil leakage problems should not only to environmental pollution, and easy to other components, Aiming at low temperatures, hydraulic system performance is poor. In recent years, with the electronic technology in the wide application, steering system also more and more used electronic devices. Turn into the electronic control system, therefore, the corresponding appeared electrohydraulic power steering system. Electrohydraulic Power Steering can be divided into two categories: electric Hydraulic Steering system (Electro Hydraulic Power - the EHPS) and electric Hydraulic Steering Electronically Controlled ECHPS Steering (Hydraulic Power Steering). Electric hydraulic steering system is in hydraulic power system on the basis of the development of hydraulic booster systems, and different is, electric hydraulic power system of power sources in the hydraulic system, but not by motor engine motor drive hydraulic system, save energy and reduce the engine fuel consumption. Electric hydraulic steering is in traditional hydraulic booster systems on the basis of the development, the difference is that the electric hydraulic steering system, electronic control devices increased. The electronic control unit can according to the steering rate, speed auto operation parameters of hydraulic system, change the size of the hydraulic booster at different speeds, so as to realize the change, dynamical characteristics. But under the motor drive hydraulic system, in turn, motor can stop turning, thereby reducing energy consumption.Although electrohydraulic power steering system of hydraulic steering overcomes the drawbacks. But due to the existence of hydraulic system, it exists the hydraulic oil leakage problem, and electrohydraulic power steering system, introduced motor drive system is more complex, costs and reliability. In order to avoid Electric hydraulic Steering system, Electric Power Steering system of Electric Power Steering (EPS) should now. It with all sorts of steering system, the biggest difference lies in the electric power steering system has no hydraulic system. Originally produced by hydraulic steering system by motor. Electric power steering system of general by the torque sensor and microprocessor, motor, etc. The basic principle is: when the driver turned the steering wheel drive shaft rotation, to install in the rotation axes of the torque sensor and torque signal into electrical signals to microprocessors, microprocessor based on speed and torque signal other vehicles running parameters, according to the set procedures in the treatment of that power motors booster direction and the size of the booster. Since 1988, the first in Japan suzuki Cervo car to equip the steering system, power steering system is widely recognized by the people. Steering system is mainly embodied in the following aspects: A power steering system can provide different at different speeds under the dynamical characteristics. In the low road, steering, to increase more light, At high speed reduced steering, even in order to improve the road are increased to damp. A power steering system only in steering motors to work, to provide power, so as to reduce energy consumption.A motor, so by battery-powered electric power steering system can not work in engine under the condition of the work. Electric power steering system should not hydraulic system, compared with hydraulic booster systems and automated assembly. And electric power steering system can change the booster program microprocessor algorithm, easy dynamical characteristics of the change. The development of science and technology is changing, the traditional steering system of steering control (wheel steering), and turn of transmission mechanism. But the thought of the spark can always bring surprise! Electronic Steering system SBW Steering (to the Wire) was changed to the traditional concept of three most with micro-controller, it was replaced By the Steering transmission mechanism, the three most into two parts. Electronic steering system is the most advanced and automotive steering system of technology. It mainly consists of steering control module, to execute module and micro controller three modules. Steering control modules main function is to torque sensor detection by the driver intention, and to detect signal (including rotation direction and rotational speed, etc) by bus to micro controller, and micro controller based on the signal, and speed feedback control module is a steering wheel to make drivers, can feel road. But this is the way, is the development of virtual according to test data of integrated, formed experience, and by way of curing process in the form of micro controller. So it is with speed, turning to the size of the torque rate and some corresponding relation. Steering Angle sensor and actuator including steering motors, steering motor controller etc. It is the function of micro controller based on the control command, drive motor rotation Angle to execute, complete to action. Also the size of the rotation Angle sensor monitoring and feedback to micro controller, forming a complete accurate closed-loop control system, steering movement. Micro controller is the core of electronic steering system. It is receiving signal detection, processed send corresponding control signal. Due to the micro controller replaced steering transmission mechanism, thus mechanical connection between components of the system, reduce the response speed and the accuracy of the response. And to turn strategy, transmission control software programming any Settings, And other equipment, such as ABS, automatic navigation equipment. Transmission mechanism of reducing brings a bigger car interior space, give rides more fun. And turning behavior can be recorded, save in software that can help EEPROM after further perfecting the steering control strategy, even can provide.6指 导 教 师 评 语 外文翻译成绩:指导教师签字: 年 月 日注:1. 指导教师对译文进行评阅时应注意以下几个方面:翻译的外文文献与毕业设计(论文)的主题是否高度相关,并作为外文参考文献列入毕业设计(论文)的参考文献;翻译的外文文献字数是否达到规定数量(3 000字以上);译文语言是否准确、通顺、具有参考价值。2. 外文原文应以附件的方式置于译文之后。
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