[全]2013年12月大学英语四级考试真题及答案(汇总共三套)--第一套

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1、2013年12月大学英语四级考试真题（一）Part Writing (30 minutes)Directions； For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay based on the picture below. You should start your essay with a brief account of the impact of the Internet on learning and then explain why education doesnt simply mean learning

2、 to obtain information. You should write at least IW words hut no more than 180 words.Once I learn how to use Google, isnt that all the education I really need?注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。Part Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections： In this section, you will hear H short conversations and 2 l

3、ong conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will he asked about what ms said. Both the conversation and the questions11 be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, You must read the choices marked A),B), C) and D), and decide which

4、is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。1. A) The woman is now working in a kindergarten.B) The man will soon start a business of his own.C) The man would like to be a high school teacher.D) The woman is going t

5、o major in child education.2. A) The furniture has to be rearranged.B) The sound equipment has to be set up.C) The conference room has to be cleaned.D) The video machine has to be checked.3. A) She is exhausted. C) She cannot finish work in time.B) She is near-sighted. D) She cannot go straight home

6、.4. A) The woman is too particular about food.B) He would rather have a meal an hour later.C) The woman should order her food quickly.D) He usually prefers ice-cream to sandwiches.5. A) He is not a good mechanic.B) He doesnt keep his promises.C) He spends his spare time doing repairs.D) He is always

7、 ready to offer help to others.6. A) Sam has a big family to support.B) Sam is not interested in traveling.C) The pay offered by the travel agency is too low.D) The work hours in the travel agency are too long.7. A) International trade.B) Product development.C) Financial consulting.D) Domestic retai

8、ling.8. A) Go on a business trip.B) Look for a job in Miami.C) Make a ticket reservation.D) Take a vacationQuestions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.9. A) It is located on Route 18. C) It is a beautiful little town.B) It has an interesting museum. D) It lies seven miles eas

9、t of Newton.10. A) They are in opposite directions. C) They are quite close to each other.B) They are fifty-five miles apart. D) They are a long drive from Norwalk.11. A) They are connected by Route 7. C) They have lots of old houses.B) They are crowded with tourists. D) They have many rare plants.Q

10、uestions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A) Bring him up to date on the current situation in Milan.B) Inform him of the arrangements for his trip in Italy.C) Fetch the documents signed by Mr. Gartner.D) Accompany Mr. Gartner to the Linate airport13. A) About 8:30. C) A

11、bout 5:30.B) About 6:30. D) About 4:15.14. A) Mr. Gartner from Milan. C) The companys sales representativeB) Gianni Riva at Megastar D) Gavin from the Chamber of Commerce15. A) Travel agent. C) Secretary.B) Business manager. D) SaleswomanSection BDirections； In this section, you will hear 3 short pa

12、ssages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A ), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a singl

13、e line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。Passage OneQuestions 16 to 19 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A) She had a desire to help others. C) She needed some overseas experience.B) She wanted to find out more about it. D) She was interested in farming.17. A) Carry out a cultural

14、exchange program. C) Learn Portuguese.B) Work on an agricultural project. D) Teach English.18. A) She found it difficult to secure a job in her own country.B) She wanted to renew her contact with the Peace Corps.C) She was invited to work as an English teacher.D) She could not get the country out of

15、 her mind.19. A) By teaching additional English classes.B) By writing stories for American newspapers.C) By working part time for the Peace Corps.D) By doing odd jobs for local institutions.Passage TwoQuestions 20 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard.20. A) Time spent exercising. C) Ti

16、me spent on leisure activities.B) Time spent working. D) Time spent with friends and family.21. A) Reading. C) Eating out.B) Surfing the Web. D) Watching TV.22. A) Driving. C) Going to the pub.B) Gardening. D) Visiting friends.Passage ThreeQuestions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just he

17、ard.23. A) The car driver was trying to avoid hitting a rabbit.B) The car driver was partly responsible for the accident.C) McLaughlin was talking to his manager while driving.D) McLaughlins carelessness resulted in the collision.24. A) He crashed into a car parked there. C) He tore down the company

18、s main gate.B) He knocked down several mailboxes. D) He did serious damage to a loaded truck.25. A) He will lose his job. C) He will be fined heavily.B) He will have to pay damages. D) He will receive retraining.Section CDirections：In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passa

19、ge is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time，you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.

20、注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。When Captain Cook asked the chiefs in Tahiti why they always ate 26 , they replied, Because it is right. If we ask Americans why they eat with knives and forks, or why their men wear pants 27skirts, or why they may be married to only one person at a time, we are likely to get 28and

21、 very uninformative answers: Because its right. Because thats the way its done. Because its the 29 Or even I dont know. The reason for these and countless other patterns of social behavior is that they are 30by social norms-shared rules or guidelines which prescribe the behavior that is appropriate

22、in a given situation. Norms 31how people ought to behave under particular circumstances in a particular society. We conform (遵守）to norms so readily that we are hardly aware they32In fact, we are much more likely to notice 33from norms than conformity to them. You would not be surprised if a stranger

23、 tried to shake hands when you were introduced, but you might be a little 34if they bowed, started to stroke you, or kissed you on both 35Yet each of these other forms of greeting is appropriate in other parts of the world. When we visit another society whose norms are different, we quickly become a

24、ware that things we do this way, they do that way.Part Reading Comprehension(40 minutes)Section ADirections： In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage thr

25、ough carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter, Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 36 to 45 are based on the fo

26、llowing passage.What does it take to be a well-trained nurse? The answer used to be two-year associates or four-year bachelors degree programs. But as the nursing shortage 36 , a growing number of schools and hospitals are establishing fast-track programs that enable college graduates with no nursin

27、g 37 to become registered nurses with only a year or so of 38 training.In 1991. there were only 40 fast-track curricula; now there are more than 200. Typical is Columbia Universitys Entry to Practice program. Students earn their bachelor of science in nursing in a year. Those who stay on for an 39 t

28、wo years can earn a masters degree that 40 them as nurse practitioners (执业护士）or clinical nurse specialists.Many students are recent 41 ; others are career switchers. Rudy Guardron, 32, a 2004 graduate of Columbias program, was a premedical student in college and then worked for a pharmaceutical (药物的

29、）research company. At Columbia, he was 42 as a nurse practitioner. I saw that nurses were in high 43 and it looked like a really good opportunity, he says Also, I didnt want to be in school for that long. ”The fast-track trend fills a need, but its also creating some 44 between newcomers and veteran

30、s. Nurses that are still at the bedside 45 these kids with suspicion, says Linda Pellico, who has taught nursing at Yale University for 18 years. They wonder, how can they do it quicker? The answer is they dont.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。A） additional F） explores K） specialized B） applied G） graduatesL） tens

31、ion C） demand H） operations M） trained D） excessiveI） promote N） view E） experience J） qualifies O） worsensSection BDirections： In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragr

32、aph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2.The rise of the sharing economyLast night 40 000 people rented accommodation from a service that off

33、ers 250 000 rooms in 30 000 cities in 192 countries. They chose their rooms and paid for everything online. But their beds were provided by private individuals, rather than a hotel chain. Hosts and guests were matched up by Airbnb, a firm based in San Francisco. Since its launch in 2008 more than 4

34、million people have used it-2.5 million of them in 2012 alone. It is the most prominent example of a huge new sharing economy, in which people rent beds, cars, boats and other assets directly from each other, co-ordinate via the internet.A) You might think this is no different from running a bed-and

35、-breakfast (家庭旅店),owning a timeshare (分时度假房）or participating in a car pool. But technology has reduced transaction costs, making sharing assets cheaper and easier than ever and therefore possible on a much larger scale. The big change is the availability of more data about people and things, which a

36、llows physical assets to be divided and consumed as services. Before the internet, renting a surfboard, a power tool or a parking space from someone else was feasible, but was usually more trouble than it was worth. Now websites such as Airbnb, RelayRides and SnapGoods match up owners and renters； s

37、martphones with GPS let people see where the nearest rentable car is parked; social networks provide a way to check up on people and build trust; and online payment systems handle the billing.Whats mine is yours, for a feeB) Just as peer-to-peer businesses like eBay allow anyone to become a retailer

38、, sharing sites let individuals act as an ad hoc (临时的）taxi service, car-hire firm or boutique hotel (精品酒店as and when it suits them. Just go online or download an app. The model works for items that are expensive to buy and are widely owned by people who do not make full use of them. Bedrooms and car

39、s are the most obvious examples, but you can also rent camping spaces in Sweden, fields in Australia and washing machines in France. As advocates of the sharing economy like to put it, access trumps （胜过）ownership.C) Rachel Botsman, the author of a book on the subject, says the consumer peer-to-peer

40、rental market alone is worth $ 26 billion. Broader definitions of the sharing economy include peer-to-peer lending or putting a solar panel on your roof and selling power back to the grid (电网）.And it is not just individuals; the web makes it easier for companies to rent out spare offices and idle ma

41、chines, too. But the core of the sharing economy is people renting things from each other.D) Such collaborative (合作的）consumption is a good thing for several reasons. Owners make money from underused assets. Airbnb says hosts in San Francisco who rent out their homes do so for an average of 58 nights

42、 a year, making $ 9 300. Car owners who rent their vehicles to others using RelayRides make an average of $ 250 a month； some make more than $ 1 000. Renters, meanwhile, pay less than they would if they bought the item themselves, or turned to a traditional provider such as a hotel or car-hire firm.

43、 And there are environmental benefits, too: renting a car when you need it, rather than owning one, means fewer cars are required and fewer resources must be devoted to making them.E) For sociable souls, meeting new people by staying in their homes is part of the charm. Curmudgeons (低脾气的人）who imagin

44、e that every renter is a murderer can still stay at conventional hotels. For others, the web fosters trust. As well as the background checks carried out by platform owners, online reviews and ratings are usually posted by both parties to each transaction, which makes it easy to spot bad drivers, bat

45、hrobe-thieves and surfboard-wreckers. By using Facebook and other social networks, participants can check each other out and identify friends (or friends of friends) in common. An Airbnb user had her apartment trashed in 2011. But the remarkable thing is how well the system usually works.Peering int

46、o the futureF) The shying economy is a little like online shopping, which started in America 15 years ago. At first, people were worried about security. But having made a successful purchase from, say, Amazon, they felt safe buying elsewhere. Similarly, using Airbnb or a car-hire service for the fir

47、st time encourages people to try other offerings. Next, consider eBay. Having started out as a peer-to-peer marketplace, it is now dominated by professional “power sellers (many of whom started out as ordinary eBay users). The same may happen with the sharing economy, which also provides new opportu

48、nities for enterprise. Some people have bought cars solely to rent them out, for example.G) Existing rental businesses are getting involved too. Avis, a car-hire firm, has a share in a sharing rival. So do GM and Daimler, two carmakers, in future, companies may develop hybrid （混合的）models, listing ex

49、cess capacity (whether vehicles，equipment or office space) on peer-to-peer rental sites. In the past, new ways of doing things online have not displaced the old ways entirely. But they have often changed them. Just as internet shopping forced Wal-mart and Tesco to adapt, so online sharing will shake

50、 up transport, tourism, equipment-hire and more.H) The main worry is regulatory uncertainty. Will room-renters be subject to hotel taxes, for example? In Amsterdam officials are using Airbnb listings to track down unlicensed hotels. In some American cities, peer-to-peer taxi services have been banne

51、d after lobbying by traditional taxi firms. The danger is that although some rules need to be updated to protect consumers from harm, existing rental businesses will try to destroy competition. People who rent out rooms should pay tax, of course, but they should not be regulated like a Ritz-Carlton

52、hotel. The lighter rules that typically govern bed-and- breakfasts are more than adequate.I) The sharing economy is the latest example of the internets value to consumers. This emerging model is now big and disruptive (颠覆性的）enough for regulators and companies to have woken up to it. That is a sign o

53、f its immense potential. It is time to start caring about sharing.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。46. Sharing items such as cars does good to the environment.47. Airbnbs success clearly illustrates the emergence of a huge sharing economy.48. The major concern about the sharing economy is how the government regula

54、tes it.49. The most frequently shared items are those expensive to buy but not fully used.50. The sharing economy has a promising future.51. Online sharing will change the way business is done in transportation, travel, rentals, etc.52. Airbnb is a website that enables owners and renters to complete

55、 transactions online.53. The sharing economy is likely to go the way of online shopping.54. One advantage of sharing is that owners earn money from renting out items not made full use of.55. Sharing appeals to the sociable in that they can meet new people.Section CDirections： There are 2 passages in

56、 this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 56

57、 to 60 are based on the following passage.In recent years, a growing body of research has shown that our appetite and food intake are influenced by a large number of factors besides our biological need for energy, including our eating environment and our perception of the food in front of us.Studies

58、 have shown, for instance, that eating in front of the TV (or a similar distraction) can increase both hunger and the amount of food consumed. Even simple visual cues, like plate size and lighting, have been shown to affect portion size and consumption.A new study suggested that our short-term memor

59、y also may play a role in appetite. Several hours after a meal, peoples hunger levels were predicted not by how much theyd eaten but rather by how much food theyd seen in front of themin other words, how much they remembered eating.This disparity (盖弃）suggests the memory of our previous meal may have

60、 a bigger influence on our appetite than the actual size of the meal, says Jeffrey M. Brunstrom, a professor of experimental psychology at the University of Bristol.Hunger isnt controlled solely by the physical characteristics of a recent meal. We have identified an independent role for memory for t

61、hat meal， Brunstrom says. This shows that the relationship between hunger and food intake is more complex than we thought.These findings echo earlier research that suggests our perception of food can sometimes trick our bodys response to the food itself. In a 2011 study, for instance, people who dra

62、nk the same 3S0-calorie (卡路里）milkshake on two separate occasions produced different levels of hunger-related hormones （荷尔蒙），depending on whether the shakes label said it contained 620 or 140 calories. Moreover, the participants reported feeling more full when they thought theyd consumed a higher-cal

63、orie shake.What does this mean for our eating habits? Although it hardly seems practical to trick ourselves into eating less, the new findings do highlight the benefits of focusing on our food and avoiding TV and multitasking while eating.The so-called mindful-eating strategies can fight distraction

64、s and help us control our appetite, Brunstrom says.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。56. What is said to be a factor affecting our appetite and food intake?A) How we perceive the food we eat. C) When we eat our meals.B) What ingredients the food contains. D) How fast we eat our meals.57. What would happen at meal t

65、ime if you remembered eating a lot in the previous meal?A) You would probably be more picky about food.B) You would not feel like eating the same food.C) You would have a good appetite.D) You would not feel so hungry.58. What do we learn from the 2011 study?A) Food labels may mislead consumers in their purchases.B) Food labels may influence our bodys response to food.C) Hu