北京市西城区高三英语上学期期末考试试题含解析通用

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1、北京市西城区2020 2020学年度第一学期期末试卷高三英语本试卷共10页， 共120分。 考试时长100 分钟。 考生务必将答案答在答题卡上， 在试卷上作答无效。第一部分：知识运用(共两节，45分)第一节 语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Most of us claim we dont have time for exercise. However, many experts say that exercise plays an important r

2、ole in making our body healthy. Being _1_( physical) active offers many advantages. As a physical reward, exercise can reduce weight and the risk of heart disease. Exercise also _2_ ( bring) good effects mentally. It can make us feel refreshed and happy, helping us increase our life quality. Actuall

3、y, exercise can be done in simple _3_( way). For example, we can take the stairs rather than the lift. Overall, its hard to find time to exercise in our busy lives, but every little bit helps.【答案】1. physically2. brings 3. ways【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了锻炼的益处很多，而且可以通过简单的方式完成，每做一些锻炼都会有帮助。【1题详解】考查副词。句意：保持身体活跃益处很

4、多。分析句子成分可知，active是形容词作表语，需使用副词作状语修饰，因此使用physical的副词形式physically。故填physically。【2题详解】考查主谓一致。句意：锻炼也能带来精神上的益处。分析句子成分可知，句中缺少谓语动词，且主语为第三人称单数形式，因此谓语动词应使用bring的第三人称单数形式brings。故填brings。【3题详解】考查名词复数。句意：事实上锻炼可以通过简单的方式来完成。分析句子结构并翻译语境可知，way被simple修饰，无定冠词限定，因此使用way的复数形式ways。故填ways。B阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个

5、适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Its a popular belief that fish cant remember anything_4_ longer than seven seconds. It may seem sad to think that they dont remember what theyve eaten or where theyve been. But a recent study _5_ ( find) that a kind of fish called African cichlids can remember events f

6、rom as long as 12 days ago. Researchers trained the fish to go to a certain area of their tank _6_ ( get) food. They then waited for 12 days before _7_ ( put) them back in the tank again. With the help of computer software, they found the fish still went to the same place where they first got food.【

7、答案】4. for 5. has foundfindsfound6. to get 7. putting【解析】本文是说明文。研究表明鱼的记忆力比我们认为的要好得多。【4题详解】考查介词。句意：许多人都认为,鱼的记忆不超过7秒。分析句子结构并翻译语境可知，“for+时间”结构做时间状语表示“长达.”段时间，符合语境。故填for。【5题详解】考查动词时态。句意：近日有研究表明，鱼的记忆力比我们认为的要好得多。最近研究报道，像African cichlids的鱼类甚至能记得12天前发生的事。根据语境可知，使用一般过去时表示“过去某时间发现的结果”；使用现在完成时表示“截至目前已经发现的结果”；使用

8、一般现在时表示“客观发现的结果”，三种时态均符合语境。故填has foundfindsfound。【6题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：研究人员训练鱼游到鱼缸的特定区域获取食物。分析句子结构可知，句中存在谓语动词trained，且fish与get之间为目的性关系，因此使用不定式形式to get。故填to get。【7题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：12天后，他们再次将这些鱼放到了这个鱼缸里。分析句子成分可知，介词before后接动词的动名词形式，因此使用put的动名词形式putting。故填putting。C阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白

9、处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。In April 2020 , two giant pandas from China arrived at a zoo in the Netherlands. There, they _8_( welcome) to the Chinese-style compound where they were to live. On May 30, after the preparations were complete, the day finally came_9_the pandas met their fans for the first time. Peop

10、le were excited because _10_ zoo is the only place in the country where it is possible to see pandas. In fact, the last time there were pandas in the Netherlands was in 1987.【答案】8. were welcomed9. when 10. the【解析】本文是记叙文。讲述了2020年4月，中国大熊猫引进荷兰动物园，受到当地人热烈欢迎的事情。【8题详解】考查动词语态和主谓一致。句意：他们受到欢迎到结合中式风格的住所居住。分析句

11、子结构并翻译语境可知，they与welcome之间为被动关系，使用被动语态，且they为复数，因此使用are welcomed。故填are welcomed。【9题详解】考查定语从句。句意：所有准备工作做完后，5月30日，熊猫们首次见粉丝的日子终于到了。通过分析句子结构可知，空后句子是定语从句，修饰限定先行词day时间，因此使用关系词when引导。故填when。【10题详解】考查冠词。句意：人们很兴奋，因为这座动物园是城里唯一能看到大熊猫的地方。分析句子结构并翻译语境可知，only意为“唯一”表明zoo应使用定冠词限定。故填the。第二节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）阅读下

12、面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项， 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Pam Bales， an experienced hiker， stepped onto snow-covered Jewell Trail. The hike up the lower part of Jewell was _11_. But less than an hour later， the weather was showing its teeth. Bales began to think about calling it a day. Then she noticed somet

13、hing: a single set of _12_ in the snow ahead of her. Shed been_13_unclear tracks all day and hadnt given them much _14_， because so many people climb Jewell Trail. But these， as a volunteer of the Valley Search and Rescue Team， she _15_， had been made by a pair of sneakers， which was surely not for

14、this kind of trail. Strong wind screamed， and_16_was just hours away. If Bales continued to follow the tracks， shed add_17_to the journey. But the tracks ahead meant someone might be in _18_She could not let this go. She silently scolded the absent hiker for _19_ normal safety rules and struggled to

15、 walk carefully in the direction of the _20_ .After about tracks to 30 yards， she rounded a corner and saw a man sitting motionless. He wore tennis sneakers and a light jacket. She checked him for any sign of _21_ . There was none. Bales had been trained in search and rescue and knew that he was hyp

16、othermic （ 体温过低的 ） and would _22_soon if he didnt get out of there. The man said he had lost his way and was extremely_23_ . Bales brought a pair of soft-shell pants， a winter hat， and a jacket from her pack. She helped the man _24_ the warm， dry layers onto his body and offered him some hot cocoa._

17、25_he stood. She offered continuous encouragement“ Keep going! Youre doing great. Just before 6 p. m.， they arrived at the trailhead very_26_ . Her climb up to the spot where she_27_ the man had taken about four hours. Two hours had passed since then.A week later， the president of Bales rescue group

18、 received a letter in the mail. It read： “ On Sunday October! 17， 1 went up my trail， Jewell. _28_ was to be bad. But without thinking too much I was dressed to go quickly. Next thing I knew this lady was talking to me， changing my clothes， making me warmer. She just kept_29_me. Finally， I learned h

19、er name was Pam. The entire time she treated me with compassion （同情心），confidence， and one hundred percent commitment.In the nine years since she saved John， Bales has become something of a hiking legend （传奇人物）. Its a（ n） _30_ she never sought or wanted， but one she certainly has earned.11. A. longB.

20、 boringC. pleasantD. unforgettable12. A. clothesB. toolsC. glovesD. footprints13. A. recordingB. followingC. coveringD. leaving14. A. responseB. expectationC. thoughtD. hope15. A. realizedB. suggestedC. admittedD. remembered16. A. successB. darknessC. freedomD. disaster17. A. informationB. interestC

21、. riskD. pain18. A. troubleB. controlC. doubtD. touch19. A. knowingB. makingC. judgingD. breaking20. A. windB. tracksC. soundD. hikers21. A. powerB. lifeC. injuryD. loss22. A. recoverB. escapeC. wakeD. die23. A. coldB. starvingC. sleepyD. concerned24. A. pickB. pullC. bringD. carry25. A. Unwillingly

22、B. NervouslyC. ImmediatelyD. Slowly26. A. tiredB. stressedC. upsetD. scared27. A. treatedB. observedC. locatedD. protected28. A. ChanceB. SightC. HealthD. Weather29. A. praisingB. encouragingC. excusingD. instructing30. A. titleB. fortuneC. opportunityD. option【答案】11. C 12. D 13. B 14. C 15. A 16. B

23、 17. C 18. A 19. D 20. B 21. C 22. D 23. A 24. B 25. D 26. A 27. C 28. D 29. B 30. A【解析】这是一篇记叙文。全文主要讲述了一位经验丰富的徒步旅行者Pam Bales在登山途中救了一位登山迷路者的经历。【11题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：爬珠宝小径较低的部分很令人愉悦。A. long长的；B. boring无聊的；C. pleasant愉悦的；D. unforgettable难忘的。结合后文转折后遇到困难可知C项pleasant“愉悦的”切题。故选C项。【12题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后他留意到了雪中

24、的脚印。A. clothes衣服；B. tools工具；C. gloves手套；D. footprints脚印。通过语境翻译可知脚印切题。故选D项。【13题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她沿着这条小径走了一天了，而且因为很多人都爬过这座山，所以她也没多想。A. recording记录；B. following沿着；C. covering覆盖；D. leaving离开。由前文可知她在爬小径，此处使用following“沿着”符合题意。故选B项。【14题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她沿着这条小径走了一天了，而且因为很多人都爬过这座山，所以她也没多想。A. response回复；B. expect

25、ation期待；C. thought想法；D. hope希望。通过语境翻译可知C项切题。故选C项。【15题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是作为峡谷搜救队的志愿者，她意识到这样的运动鞋绝对不适合爬山。A. realized意识到；B. suggested建议；C. admitted承认；D. remembered记得。根据后文中继续寻找可知，此处是意识到可能存在问题需要解决，A项realized“意识到”切题。故选A项。【16题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：还有几小时就要黑天了。A. success成功；B. darkness黑暗、黑天；C. freedom自由；D. disaster灾难。通

26、过语境翻译可知B项darkness“黑暗、黑天”切题。故选B项。【17题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果继续的话会增加风险。A. information信息；B. interest兴趣；C. risk风险；D. pain痛苦。结合前文所述大风在刮马上天黑，表示环境艰险，C项risk“风险”切题。故选C项。【18题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：前方的轨迹意味着可能有人遇到麻烦了。A. trouble麻烦；B. control控制；C. doubt怀疑；D. touch触摸。通过语境翻译可知A项trouble“麻烦”切题。故选A项。【19题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她小声的责备消失的登山者，

27、他违反了安全规则。A. knowing知道；B. making制作；C. judging评论；D. breaking打破。结合前文所述前方的旅程危险，因此打破了安全规则，D项breaking“打破”切题。故选D项。【20题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后她小心翼翼地往那个登山者的方向走。A. wind风；B. tracks轨迹；C. sound声音；D. hikers登山者。结合后文所述所跟随的雪地上的轨迹， B项tracks“轨迹”切题。故选B项。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她检查了一下他是否有受伤迹象。A. power能力；B. life生活；C. injury受伤；D. lo

28、ss损失。通过语境翻译可知C项injury“受伤”切题。故选C项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果他不离开这里就会死掉。 A. recover恢复；B. escape逃跑；C. wake醒来；D. die死亡。通过后文内容可知，他伤的很重，D项die “死亡”切题。故选D项。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他说他迷路了，感觉特别冷。A. cold寒冷；B. starving饥饿；C. sleepy困倦；D. concerned担心。结合上文所述可知当时天气极为寒冷，因此A项cold“寒冷”切题。故选A项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她帮这个男人把温暖干净的毯子拉到他

29、的身上，给他一杯热可可。A. pick捡起；B. pull拉；C. bring带来；D. carry携带。通过语境翻译可知B项pull“拉”切题。故选B项。【25题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他慢慢地站了起来。A. Unwillingly不情愿地；B. Nervously紧张地；C. Immediately立即地；D. Slowly慢慢地。结合后文内容可知在她的鼓励下他继续走了下去，此处意为先站了起来。D项切题。故选D项。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们疲惫地到达了登山口。A. tired疲惫的；B. stressed有压力的；C. upset沮丧的；D. scared害怕的。根

30、据下句可知她爬山到发现他的地点用了4小时的时间，意在表明路程之长，A项tired“疲惫的”切题。故选A项。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她爬山到定位他的地点用了4小时的时间。A. treated对待；B. observed观察；C. located定位；D. protected保护。通过语境翻译可知C项located“定位”切题。故选C项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：天气要变坏了。A. Chance机会；B. Sight视力；C. Health健康；D. Weather天气。通过语境翻译可知D项Weather“天气”切题。故选D项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她一

31、直在鼓励我。A. praising表扬；B. encouraging 鼓励；C. excusing找理由；D. instructing指导。根据前文可知他处于困境中时，她一直在鼓励他增强求生欲，因此B项encouraging“鼓励”切题。故选B项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她从没想过会得到这样一个称号，但她真的实至名归得到了。A. title头衔、称号；B. fortune 运气、财富；C. opportunity机会；D. option选择。通过语境翻译可知A项title“头衔、称号”切题。故选A项。第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）阅

32、读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AMost Helpful Apps for StudentsTheres almost an app for everything nowadays, and this can make student life easier, cheaper, safer and more fun. Whether you want help with taking notes, revising, waking up on time or keeping fit， read on for our student ap

33、p picksLecture recording appsJust a few years ago, students attending lectures would have to spend the entire time writing wildly on notepads, in order not to miss any vital bit of information. Then along came technology, and now， lecture recording apps are a reality.Sound Note is a popular lecture

34、recording app for iPad users. You can store an entire lecture in both visual and audio form. Other good quality lecture recording apps include Notes Plus and Audio Memos FreeThe Voice Recorder.Student planner appsOrganization is key for success and well-being at university, and student planner apps

35、are becoming increasingly popular. As well as saving on paper, many student planner apps also send reminders and warnings straight to your phone or device. Popular student planner apps include Timetable, My Class Schedule and Class Timetable.Student safety appsA number of apps for students have been

36、 developed promoting personal safety if out alone at night. The Circle of Six app is particularly useful for locating lost friends on nights out and also allows users to send their circle of six friends an instant call for help at the touch of a button. The GPS tracker will mark your location on you

37、r friends devices, ensuring youll always be able to find one another if necessary. Other student apps that promote safety include bSafe and React Mobile.Healthy eating appsIf youre interested in eating healthily while keeping to a student budget, consider downloading a few healthy eating apps. Examp

38、les Ive come across which are perfect apps for students include Rockin Ramen， a student app featuring a number of nutritious recipes with Ramen as a main ingredient, and MealBoard, an app which plans healthy meals, grocery shops and recipes based on what youve got in the fridge.31. Which apps send r

39、eminders to users?A. Student planner apps.B. Lecture recording apps.C. Student safety apps.D. Healthy eating apps.32. What can we learn about the Circle of Six app?A. It allows users to seek help during an emergency.B. It encourages users to communicate with friends.C. It enables users to store an e

40、ntire lecture.D. It helps users to lead a healthy life.33. The main purpose of the passage is to .A. categorize appsB. introduce appsC. evaluate appsD. compare apps【答案】31. A 32. A 33. B【解析】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了几款对于学生来讲最好用的应用软件。【31题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“As well as saving on paper, many student planner apps also se

41、nd reminders and warnings straight to your phone or device. ”可知，很多学生计划软件也可以直接向你的手机或设备发送提醒和警告，A项Student planner apps切题。故选A项。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段中“The Circle of Six app is particularly useful for locating lost friends on nights out and also allows users to send their circle of six friends an instant cal

42、l for help at the touch of a button.”可知The Circle of Six应用软件对于定位在夜间迷路的朋友很有用，并且允许使用者按一个按钮就可以给使用The Circle of Six的朋友发即时求救，A项切合题意。故选A项。【33题详解】推理判断题。文章的第一段是主题段。作者在这一段中首先从整体上介绍了学生使用手机应用软件的益处，然后在下面的几段中具体介绍了每个应用软件的特点，因此B项符合题意。故选B项。BJeremy Locke, who owns a roofing and construction company in Glace Bay, Nov

43、a Scotia, had always been wanting to repair the roof of Jeanette MacDonalds home. Whenever he drove past the womans home, he assumed that the roof was under repair because the job had already been taken on by another group of repairmenbut as the weeks wore on, the roof continued to worsen without an

44、y signs of repair.“ I had it in my mind that if no one steps up to help this lady in our community, Id be more than happy to,” Locke told CBC.When Locke finally reached out to MacDonald about fixing her roof for free, however, she politely declined his offer because she did not like to accept charit

45、y. That being said, she had already applied for a government grant （补助金） to fix the roof and she said she was more than happy to hire Locke once her grant application was approved.Unfortunately, MacDonald never received the approval.As the stubborn （固执的） Canadian senior refused to accept any assista

46、nce from Locke, the sympathetic construction worker played an innocent trick in order to get her to accept his help. He invited MacDonald to enter a raffle （抽奖活动）that his business was holding for a free roof. After the grandmother of four accepted one of the raffle tickets, Locke told her that she w

47、as the winnerbecause she was the only one who had entered the raffle.Thanks to his sweet little plan, Locke and his crew are starting work on the roof this week, which is expected to cost his company about $9, 000.MacDonald, meanwhile, told CBC that she doesnt know how to express her gratitude to Lo

48、cke, saying that he is her “guardian angel”.Theres nobody out there like him, she added.34. What did Locke desire to do for MacDonald?A. Repair her roof.B. Find a repairman.C. Run a charity.D. Raise money.35. Why did MacDonald refuse Lockes offer initially?A. She didnt trust him.B. She had won a raf

49、fle.C. She didnt like free help.D. She had got an official grant.36. How did Locke finally make MacDonald change her mind?A. He persuaded her to give up her application.B. He invited her to enter his business.C. He gave her about $9, 000.D. He told her a white lie.37. Which of the following words be

50、st describe Locke?A Stubborn and tricky.B. Wealthy and innocent.C. Determined and warm-hearted.D. Different and ambitious.【答案】34. A 35. C 36. D 37. C【解析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Jeremy Locke为Jeanette MacDonald免费修理屋顶的经历。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Jeremy Locke, who owns a roofing and construction company in Glace Bay, No

51、va Scotia, had always been wanting to repair the roof of Jeanette MacDonalds home.”可知，Jeremy Locke一直都很想修理Jeanette MacDonald家的屋顶，A项切合题意。故选A项。【35题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“she politely declined his offer because she did not like to accept charity.”可知，她礼貌地拒绝了Locke的帮助是因为他不想接受免费的帮助，C项切题。故选C项。【36题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段中“As

52、the stubborn （固执的） Canadian senior refused to accept any assistance from Locke, the sympathetic construction worker played an innocent trick in order to get her to accept his help”可知，因为这位固执的加拿大老人拒绝Locke的帮助，这个有同情心的建筑工人玩了一个善意的伎俩来让她接受帮助，意在表明Locke说了一个善意的谎言使得MacDonald改变了主意，D项切题。故选D项。【37题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“I

53、 had it in my mind that if no one steps up to help this lady in our community, Id be more than happy to”可知如果没人出面帮这位女士修屋顶，Locke非常愿意帮忙修理，表明Locke乐于助人，很热心。结合下文第五段中“As the stubborn （固执的） Canadian senior refused to accept any assistance from Locke, the sympathetic construction worker played an innocent tr

54、ick in order to get her to accept his help.”可知为了让MacDonald接受帮助，Locke说了一个善意的谎言，意在表明Locke是一个很有决心的人，C项“有决心、热心”符合题意。故选C项。CWhat is the most meaningless thing every Texan will do at the same time this weekend?You guessed it. We will “fall back” when our clocks are set backward one hour in observance of da

55、ylight saving time.This strange practice has an interesting history. In 1784, Benjamin Franklin published a critical essay in a French newspaper suggesting that Parisians could save $200 million through “the economy of using sunshine instead of candles”. Therefore ， many people owe the origin of the

56、 idea of daylight saving time to our Founding Fathers writings. In the United States, the clock-changing practice began just over 100 years ago, in 1918, when Congress decided to control time by passing the Standard Time Act to save energy and create time zones. Back then, coal was our top energy so

57、urce and ensuring that Americans had more daylight working hours made sense.In 2020, the U. S. Department of Energy assessed the effect of observing daylight saving time on national energy consumption. It found that resetting our clocks amounts to a reduction in our total energy consumption of 0. 02

58、%. The study also determined that sticking with one time could actually save about 0.5% of electricity per day nationwide. Apart from this, the risk of heart attack increases 10% in the days following springing forward, most likely caused by the interruption of biological rhythms. Studies also indic

59、ate we are more likely to get sick, we are less productive, and frankly we are just exhausted directly following the time change.It is hard to explain why we still change our clocks. Perhaps it is due to special interests. Congress passed the Energy Act of 2020, which extended the length of daylight

60、 saving time an extra week in the fall, in large part due to an effort by candy producers to allow for an additional daylight hour on the night of Halloween for trick -or - treating.This May, we sought to end this ancient practice. It would have allowed Texans to vote whether to stay on standard tim

61、e year-round or daylight saving time year-round. Our proposal passed the House （众议院）133-9. Sadly, once the bill reached the Senate （参议院）,it was never referred to a committee. The proposal died in the Senate without even a word spoken about it on the floor.Im moving forward with plans to file the leg

62、islation （ 立 法） again in 2021. I urge you to contact your state legislators to move this legislation forward so that this weekend will be one of the last times we have to “fall back.”38. The possible origin of the idea of daylight saving time is .A. the ancient legal actB. the influence of other cou

63、ntriesC. the need for time zonesD. the advice from a famous politician39. What does Paragraph 4 mainly talk about?A. The reasons for health problems.B. The downsides of setting clocks back.C. The changes in energy consumption.D. The solutions to electricity shortages.40. It can be inferred from the

64、last two paragraphs that .A. daylight saving time will last for another two yearsB. the author will continue what he has been doingC. Texans voted for standard time year-roundD. state legislators are for the proposal41. The passage aims to .A. analyze the practice of daylight saving timeB. explain the