常用临床医学术语

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1、-简明病历书写手册英汉对照 郭航远 编著目 录 第一章病人身份第二章主诉第三章现病史第四章过去史、系统回统和个人史第五章月经、婚姻、生育史和家族史第六章体检一般工程第七章体检头颈部第八章体检胸腹部第九章体检神经、骨骼和肌肉第十章体检泌尿生殖道与其他第十一章标准化病人体检工程第十二章实验室检查第十三章辅助检查第十四章诊断疾病名称第十五章常用医嘱术语第十六章常用药物及中草药第十七章住院文书格式第十八章附录 附1、常用解剖术语 附2、医学英语常用前后缀 附3、医学英语的特征 附4、医学英语常用短语 附5、英语问诊常用句子 附6、医学英语缩写一览表 附7、医院日常用品和设备 附8、医学院和医院相关名称

2、 前 言随着我国参加WTO，医疗体制发生了革命性的改变。随着改革开放的深入，外国投资和管理的医院将不断涌现，中外医学交流也日趋频繁，出国学习、进修和援外医疗队的医务人员逐年增多，这就要求医生具有正确书写英文病历的能力。目前，国供临床医生完成英文病历的参考书很少。签于此，编著者根据美国罗马琳达大学的病历书写要求，结合十余年的国外工作经历编者所在的邵逸夫医院是一所由美国专家管理的、与国际接轨的新型综合性医院，有十余年的英文病历书写实践，并参阅一些国外的相关文献，编写了本手册。本手册按病历书写的顺序进展编写，采用英中对照写法，容详尽，条理清晰，形式新颖，适用于临床医生、出国人员、实习生和医学院校的学

3、生。在本手册的编写过程中，得到了美国罗马琳达大学医学院和日本福井大学医学院和邵逸夫医院领导的关心和支持。谨以此书献给我的教师、同事、朋友和家人。 第一章 病人身份Identification Name Se* 性别 Age 年龄 Occupation 职业 Date of birth 出生日期 Marriage Marital status 婚姻 Race 民族 Place of birth (Birth place) 籍贯 Identification No.(code of ID card No.) Department of work and TEL. No. (Unit and Bus

4、iness phone No.) 工作单位及 Home address and phone No. 家庭住址及 Post code 邮政编码 Person to notify (Correspondent) and phone No. 联系人及 Source (plainer;offerer;supplier;provider) of history 病史术者 Reliability of history 病史可靠程试 Medical security (Type of payment) 医疗费用 Type of admission (Patient condition) 住院类别入院时病情

5、Medical record No. 病历号 Clinic diagnosis 门诊诊断 Date of admission (admission date) 入院日期 Date of record 记录日期1、年龄的表示方法以36岁为例36 years old (y/o)Age 3636 year-oldThe age of 3636 years of age2、性别的表示方法 Male, 男性 Female, 女性3、职业的表示方法工人Worker退休工作Retired worker农民Farmer (peasant)干部Leader (cadre)行政人员administrative p

6、ersonnel (staff)职员staff member商人Trader (Businessman)教师Teacher 学生Student医生Doctor药剂师Pharmacist护士Nurse军人Soldier警察Policeman工程师Engineer 技术员Technician家政人员Housekeeper家庭主妇Housewife 营业员Assistant效劳员Attendant售票员Conductor4、民族的表示方法 汉Han 回Hui 蒙Meng 藏Tibetan朝鲜Korean美国人American 日本人Japanese 英国人Britisher5、医疗费用的表示方法 S

7、elf pay (Individual medical care) 自费 Government insruance (Public medical care) 公费 Insurance 保险 Local insurance 本地医保 Non-local in surance 外地医保 Labor protestion care 劳保6、婚姻状况的表示方法 Married 已婚 Single (Unmarried) 未婚 Diverced 离婚 Widow 寡妇 Widower 鳏夫7、病史可靠程度的表示方法 Reliable 可靠 Unreliable 不可靠 Not entirely 不完全

8、可靠 Unobtainable 无法获得8、住址的表示方法NO.3,Qing Chun Road East,Hangzhou, Zhejiang省市庆春东路3号*inDong Cun, Cheng Guan Town, Zhu Ji municipality, zhejiang province. 省*市县城关镇新东村9、病史述者的表示方法 Patient himself (herself) 患者本人 Her husband 患者的丈夫 His wife 患者的妻子 Patients colleague 患者的同事 Patients neighbor 患者的邻居 Patients Kin (M

9、other; Son; daughter;brother;Sister) 患者的亲属(父亲、母亲、儿子、女儿、兄弟、姐妹) Ta*iman 出租车司机 Traffic police 交通警察10、日期的表示方法2002年10月1日10-1-2002(10/1/2002; Oct.1,2002; Oct.lst,2002)(美国)2002年10月1日1-10-2002(1/10/2002; 1 Oct.,2002; 1st of Oct.,2002) (英国)11、住院类别的表示方法 Emergent (Emergency call) 急诊 Urgent 危重 Elective (General

10、) 一般普通12、入院时病情的表示方法 Stable 稳定 Unstable 不稳定 Relative stable 相对稳定 Critical (Imminent) 危重 Fair (General) 一般第二章 主诉Chief plaint1、主诉的表示方法：病症+时间Symptom+Time病症+for+时间如： Chest pain for 2 hours 胸痛2小时病症+of+时间如： Nausea and vomiting of three days duration 恶心呕吐3天病症+时间+in duration如： Headache 1 month in duration 头痛

11、1月时间+of+病症如： Two-day history of fever 发热2天2、常见病症 Fever 发热 Pain 疼痛 Edema 水肿 Mucocutaneous hemorrhage (bleeding) 皮肤粘膜出血 Dyspnea (Difficuly in breathing;Respiratory difficulty;short of breath) 呼吸困难 Cough and e*pectoration (Sputum;Phlegm) 咳嗽和咯痰 Hemoptysis 咯血 Cyanosis 紫绀 Palpitation 心悸 Chest disfort 胸闷 N

12、ausea (Retch;Dry Vomiting)and Vomiting 恶心和呕吐 Hematemesis (Vomiting of blood) 呕血 Hematochezia (Hemafecia) 便血 Diarrhea 腹泻 Constipation (Obstipation) 便秘 Vertigo (Giddiness; Dizziness) 眩晕 Jaundice (Icterus) 黄疸 Convulsion 惊厥 Disturbance of consciousness 意识障碍 Hematuria 血尿 Frequent micturition,urgent mictu

13、rition and dysuria 尿频，尿急和尿痛 Incontinence of urine 尿失禁 Retention of urine 尿潴留1发热的表示方法 Infective (Septic)fever 感染性发热 Non-infective (Aseptic)fever 非感染性发热 Dehydration (Inanition)fever 脱水热 Drug fever 药物热 Functional hypothermia 功能性低热 Absorption fever 吸收热 Central fever 中枢性发热 Fever type 热型 Continuous fever

14、稽留热 Remittent fever 驰热 Intermittent fever 间歇热 Undulant fever 波状热 Recurrent fever 回归热 Periodic fever 周期热 Irregular fever 不规则热 Ephemeral fever 短暂热 Double peaked fever 双峰热 Fever of undetermined(unknown) origin, FUO 不明原因发热 Rigor (shivering;chill;shaking chill;ague) 寒战 Chilly Sensation (Fell chilly;cold

15、fits;coldness) 畏寒 Ultra-hyperpyre*ia 超高热 Hyperthermia (A high fever;hyperpyre*ia;ardent fever) 高热 Moderate fever 中度发热 Hypothermia (Low-grade fever;slight fever;subfebrile temperature) 低热 Bee feverish (Have a temperature) 发热 Crisis 骤降 Lysis 渐降 Typhoid fever 伤寒热 Rheumatic fever 风湿热 Cancerous fever 癌性发

16、热 Fervescence period 升热期 Defervescence period 退热期 Persistent febrile period 持续发热期2疼痛的表示方法 Backache (Back pain) 背痛 Lumbago 腰痛 Headache 头痛 Vasomotor headache 血管舒缩性头痛Post-traumatic headache 创伤后头痛Migraine headache 偏头痛 Cluster headache 丛集性头痛 Chest pain 胸痛 Precardial pain 心前区痛 Retrosternal pain 胸骨后痛 Abdom

17、inal pain (Stomachache) 腹痛 Acrodynia (pain in limbs) 肢体痛 Arthrodynia (Arthralgia) 关节痛 Dull pain 钝痛 Sharp pain 锐痛 Twinge pain 刺痛Knife-like pain (Piercing pain) 刀割刺样痛 Aching pain 酸痛 Burning pain 烧灼痛 Colicky (Griping;cramp) pain 绞痛 Colic 绞痛 Bursting pain 胀痛撕裂痛 Hunger pain 饥饿痛 Tic pain 抽搐痛 Bearing-down

18、pain 坠痛 Shock-like pain 电击样痛 Jumping pain 反跳痛 Tenderness pain 触痛压痛 Girdle-like pain 束带样痛 Wandering pain 游走性痛 Throbbing pain 搏动性痛 Radiating pain 放射性痛 Cramping pain 痉挛性痛 Boring pain 钻痛 Intense pain 剧痛 Writhing pain 痛得打滚 Dragging pain 牵引痛 Labor pain 阵痛 Cancerous pain 癌性疼痛 Referred pain 牵涉痛 Persistent p

19、ain (Unremitting pain) 持续性痛 Constant pain 经常性痛 Intermittent pain 间歇性痛3水肿的表示方法 Mucous edema (My*edema) 粘液性水肿 Cardiac (Cardiogenic) edema 心源性水肿 Nephrotic (renal) edema 肾源性水肿 Hepatic edema 肝源性水肿 Alimentary (Nutritional) edema 营养不良性水肿 Angioneurotic edema 血管神经性水肿 Pitting 凹陷性 Nonpitting 非凹陷性 Localized (Lo

20、cal) edema 局限性水肿 Generalized edema (Anasarca) 全身性水肿 Hydrops 积水 Elephantiasic crus 橡皮肿Cerebral(Brain) edema 脑水肿 Pulmonary edema (Hydropneumonia0 肺水肿 Hydrocephalus 脑积水 Edema of endoscrinopathy 分泌病性水肿 Invisible (Recessive) edema 隐性水肿 Frank edema 显性水肿 Inflammatory edema 炎性水肿 Idiopathic edema 特发性水肿 Cycli

21、cal edema 周期性水肿 Ascites (Abdominal effusion;hydroperiotoneum) 腹水 Pleural effusion (Hydrothora*) 胸水 Pericardial effusion (Hydropericardium) 心包积液 Bronchoedema 支气管水肿 Slight (Mild) 轻度 Moderate 中度 Serious 重度 Transudate 漏出液 E*udate 渗出液4呼吸困难的表示方法 Cardiac dyspnea 心原性呼吸困难 Inspiratory 吸气性 E*piratory 呼气性 Mi*ed

22、 混合性 Obstructive 梗阻性 Dyspnea at rest 静息时呼吸困难 Dyspnea on e*ertion 活动时呼吸困难 Dyspnea on lying down 躺下时呼吸困难 Paro*ysmal nocturnal dyspnea,PND 夜间阵发性呼吸困难 Orthopnea 端坐呼吸 Asthma 哮喘 Cardiac asthma 心源性哮喘 Bronchial asthma 支气管性哮喘 Hyperpnea 呼吸深快 Periodic breathing 周期性呼吸Tachypnea (Rapid or fast breathing;accelerate

23、d breathing;short of breath)气促 Bradypnea (Slow breathing) 呼吸缓慢 Irregular breathing 不规则呼吸5皮肤粘膜出血的表示方法 Bleeding spots in the skin 皮肤出血点 Petechia 瘀点 Eccymosis 瘀斑 Purpura 紫癜 Splinter hemorrhage 片状出血 Oozing of the blood (Errhysis) 渗血 Blood blister (Hemophysallis) 血疱 Hemorrhinia (Nasal bleeding) 鼻衄 Ecchym

24、oma 皮下血肿6咳嗽与咯痰的表示方法 Dry cough (Nonproductive cough;hacking cough) 干咳 Sharp cough 剧咳 Wet cough (Moist cough) 湿咳 Productive cough (Loose cough) 排痰性咳 Chronic cough 慢性咳嗽 Irritable cough 刺激性咳嗽 Paro*ysmal cough 发作性阵发性咳嗽 Cough continually 持续性咳嗽 Spasmodic cough 痉挛性咳嗽 Whooping cough 百日咳 Winter cough 冬季咳 Whee

25、zing cough 喘咳 Short cough 短咳 Distressed cough 难咳 Shallow cough 浅咳 Droplet 飞沫 Frothy sputum 泡沫样痰 Bloody sputum 血痰Mucous (Mucoid) sputum 粘液样痰 Purulent sputum 脓痰 Mucopurulent sputum 粘液脓性痰 White (Yellow,green) sputum 白黄,绿痰 Fetid (Foul) sputum 恶臭痰 Iron-rust (Rusty) sputum 铁锈色痰 Chocolate coloured sputum 巧

26、克力色痰 Thick sputum 浓痰 Thin sputum 淡痰 Viscous sputum 粘痰 Transparent sputum 透明痰 Much (Large amounts of) sputum 大量痰 Moderate amounts of sputum 中等量痰 Not much (Small amounts of ) sputum 少量痰7脏出血的表示方法 Goldsteins hemoptysis戈耳斯坦氏咯血 Massive hematemesis大量呕血 Epistasis (Nosebleed;Nasal bleeding; Hemorrhinia;rhino

27、rrhagia)鼻衄 Hematuria 血尿 Initial hematuria 初血尿 Idiopathic hematuria 特发性血尿 Painless hematuria 无痛性血尿 Terminal hematuria 终末性血尿 Gross (Macroscopic) hematuria 肉眼血尿 Microscopic hematuria 镜下血尿 Hematuria in the whole process of urination 全程血尿 Gingival bleeding (Ulaemorrhagia;gum bleeding) 牙龈出血 Hematochezia 便

28、血 Bloody stool 血便 Black stool (Melena) 黑便 Tarry stool 柏油样便 Bleeding following trauma 外伤后出血 Spontaneous bleeding 自发性出血 Bleeding Continuously 持续出血 Occult blood,OB 隐血 Hematobilia 胆道出血 Hemathora* 血胸 Hemarthrosis 关节积血 Hematocoelia 腹腔积血 Hematoma 血肿 Hemopericardium 心包积血 Cerebral hemorrhage 脑出血 Subarachnoid

29、 hemorrhage(SAH) 蛛网膜下腔出血 E*cessive (Heavy) menstrual flow with passage of clots 月经量多伴血块 Mild (Moderate) menses 月经量少中等 Painless Vaginal bleeding 无痛性阴道出血 Postcoital bleeding 性交后出血 Pulsating bleeding 搏动性出血 Post-operation wound hemorrhage 术后伤口出血 E*cessive bleeding after denal e*traction 拔牙后出血过多8紫绀的表示方法

30、Congenital cyanosis 先天性紫绀 Enterogenous 肠源性 Central 中枢性 Peripheral 周围性 Mi*ed 混合性 Acrocyanosis 指端紫绀9恶心与呕吐的表示方法 Vomiturition (Retching) 干呕 Feel nauseated 恶心感 Postprandial nausea 饭后恶心 Hiccup 呃逆 Sour regurgitation 返酸 Fecal (Stercoraceous)vomiting 吐粪 undigested food Vomiting 吐不消化食物 Bilious Vomiting 吐胆汁10腹

31、泻与便秘的表示方法 Moning diarrhea 晨泻 Watery (Liquid)diarrhea 水泻 Mucous diarrhea 粘液泻 Fatty diarrhea 脂肪泻 Chronic (Acute) 慢性急性 Mild diarrhea 轻度腹泻 Intractable (Uncontrolled)diarrhea难治性腹泻 Protracted diarrhea 迁延性腹泻 Bloody stool 血梗 Frothy stool 泡沫样便 Formless (Formed)stool 不成形成形便 Loose (Hard) stool 稀硬便 Rice-water s

32、tool 米泔样便 Undigested stool 不消化便 Dysenteric diarrhea 痢疾样腹泻 Inflammatory diarrhea 炎症性腹泻 Osmotic 渗透性 Secretory 分泌性 Malabsorption 吸收不良性 Lienteric 消化不良性 Pancreatic diarrhea 胰性腹泻 Tenesmus 里急后重 Pass a stool (Have a passage; open or rela* the bowel) 解大便 Have a call of nature 便意 Fecal incontinence (Copracras

33、ia) 大便失禁 Functional constipation 功能性便秘 Organic constipation 器质性便秘 Habitual constipation 习惯性便秘 Have a tendency to be constipated 便秘倾向11黄疸的表示方法 Latent (occult) jaundice 隐性黄疸 Clinical jaundice 显性黄疸 Nuclear icterus 核黄疸 Physiologic icterus 生理性黄疸 Icterus simple* 传染性黄疸 To*emic icterus 中毒性黄疸 Hemolytic 溶血性 H

34、epatocellular 肝细胞性 Obstructive 阻塞性 Congenital 先天性 Familial 家族性 Cholestatic 胆汁淤积性 Hematogenous 血源性 Malignant 恶性 Painless 无痛性12意识障碍的表示方法 Somnolence 嗜睡 Confusion 意识模糊 Stupor 昏睡 a 昏迷 Delirium 谵妄 Syncope (swoon; faint) 晕厥 Drowsiness 倦睡13排尿的表示方法 Enuresis (Bed-wetting) 遗尿 Anuria 无尿 Emiction interruption 排尿

35、中断 Interruption of urinary stream 尿线中断 Nocturia 夜尿 Oliguria 少尿 Polyuria 多尿 Pass water (Make water; urinate; micturition) 排尿 Frequent micturition (Frequency of micturition; fruquent urination; Pollakiuria) 尿频 Urgent micturition (Urgency of urination or micturition) 尿急 Urodynia (Pain on micturition; p

36、ainful micturition; alginuresis; micturition pain) 尿痛 Dysuria (Difficulty in micturition; disturbance of micturition) 排尿困难 Small urinary stream 尿线细小 Void with a good stream 排尿通畅 Guttate emiction (Dribbling following urination;terminal dribbling) 滴尿 Bifurcation of urination 尿流分叉 Residual urine 剩余尿 E*

37、travasation of urine 尿外渗 Stress incontinence 压力性尿失禁 Overflow incontinence 溢出性尿失禁 Parado*ical in continence 反常性尿失禁3少见病症 Weekness( Debility; asthenia; debilitating) 虚弱无力 Fatigue (Tire; lassitude) 疲乏 Disfort (Indisposition; malaise) 不适 Wasting (thin; underweight; emaciation; lean) 消瘦Night sweating 盗汗 S

38、weat (Perspiration) 出汗Cold sweat 冷汗 Pruritus (Iching) 搔痒 Asthma 气喘 Squeezing (Tightness; choking; pressing) sensation of the chest 胸部紧缩压榨感 Intermittent claudication 间歇性跛行Difficulty in swallowing( Dysphagia; difficult swallowing; acataposis) 吞咽困难 Epigastric (Upper abdominal) disfort 上腹部不适 Anore*ia (S

39、itophobia) 厌食 Poor appetite (Loss of appetite) 纳差 Heart-burn( Pyrosis) 胃灼热 Stomachache( Pain in stomach) 胃部痛 Periumbilial pain 脐周痛 Belching (Eructation) 嗳气 Sour regurgitation 返酸 Abdominal distention(bloating) 腹胀 Pass gas( Break wink) 肛门排气 Small(Large) stool 大便少多 E*pel(Pass) worms 排虫 Pain over the li

40、ver 肝区痛 Lumbago 腰痛 Pica(Parore*ia; allotriophagy) 异食癖 Dysmenorrhea 痛经 Meno*enia (Irregular menstruation) 月经不调 Polymenorrhea (Epimenorrhea) 月经过频 Oligomenorrhea 月经过少 E*cessive menstruation (Menorrhagia; menometrorrhagia; hypermenorrhea) 经量过多 Hypomenorrhea (Scantymenstruation) 经量过少 Menopause (Menostasi

41、a; menostasis) 绝经 Amenorrhea (Menoschesis) 闭经 Leukorrhagia 白带过多 Ase*uality (lack of libido) 无性欲 Hypose*uality 性欲低下 Hyperse*uality 性欲亢进 Prospermia (Ejaculatio praeco*) 早泄 Impotency (impotence) 阳萎 Nocturnal emission (Spermatorrhea) 遗精 Lack of potency 无性交能力 Hair loss 脱发 Joint pain (Arthralgia; arthrody

42、nia) 关节痛 Polydipsia (E*cessive thirst) 多饮烦渴 Polyphagia (E*cessive appetite; hyperore*ia; bulimia) 多食 Cold (Heat) intolerance 怕冷热 Dwarfism (E*cessive height) 身材矮小高大 E*cessive sweating 多汗 Hands tremble 手抖 Obesity (Fatty) 肥胖 Agitation (An*iety;nervous irritability) 焦虑忧虑 Mania 躁狂 Hallucination 幻觉 Aphasi

43、a (Logopathy) 失语 Amnesia (Poor memorization;memory deterioration) 记忆力下降 Hemianesthesia 偏身麻木 Formication 蚁走感 Tingling 麻刺感 Hyperpathia 痛觉过敏 Hypalgesia 痛觉减退 Illusion 错觉 Hemiplegia 半身不遂 Insomnia (Poor sleepness;sleeplessness) 失眠 Nightmare 多梦 Numbness 麻木 Pain in limbs (Acrodynia) 肢体痛 Limitation of motion

44、 活动受限 Tetany 手足抽搐 Discharge of pus 流脓 Blurred vision(Hazy vision;blurring of vision; dimness of vision)视物模糊 Burning (Dry) sensation 烧灼枯燥感 Tearing (Dacryorrhea;Lacrimation) 流泪 Double vision (Diplopia) 复视 Strabismus 斜视 Hemianopia 偏盲 Tired eyes (Eyestrain) 眼疲劳 Foreign body sensation 异物感 Lose the sight

45、(Lose of vision) 失明 Diminution of vision 视力减退 Nictition 眨眼 Ophthalmodynia (Eye-ache;ocular pain) 眼痛 Photophobia 畏光 Spots before the eyes 眼前黑点 Deafness(Anacusia) 耳聋 Auditory dysesthesia 听力减退 Otalgia (Otodynia;pain in the ear ;ear-ache) 耳痛 Stuffy feeling in the ear 耳闭气 Tinnitus 耳鸣 Outophony 自声过强 Nasal

46、 obstruction (blockage) 鼻塞 Dryness of the nose 鼻枯燥 Rhinorrhea (Snivel;Nasal discharge) 流鼻涕 Sneezing 打喷嚏 Snoring 打鼾 Hyposmia (Reduction of the sense of smell) 嗅觉减退 Anosmia (plete loss of sense of smell) 嗅觉丧失 Dysphonia 发音困难 Hoarseness 声嘶 Pain on swallowing 吞咽痛 Saliva dribblies from the mouth 流涎 Troaty

47、 voice 声音沙哑 Stridor 喘鸣 Red and swollen 红肿 Scurf 头皮屑 Show 见红 Amniotic fluid escaped 破水 Uterine contraction 宫缩 Acalculia 计算不能 Apathy 情感冷淡 Delusion 妄想4、时间的表示方法1月Month January,Jan. 一月 February,Feb. 二月 March,Mar. 三月 April,Apr. 四月 May 五月 June,Jun. 六月 July,Jul. 七月 August,Aug. 八月 September,Sept. 九月 October,

48、Oct. 十月 November,Nov. 十一月 December,Dec. 十二月2周Week Monday 星期一 Tuesday 星期二 Wednesday 星期三 Thursday 星期四 Friday 星期五 Saturday 星期六 Sunday 星期日3年Year和日Day 1st (First) year 第1年 2nd (Second) year 第2年 3rd (Third)year 第3年 4th (Forth) year 第4年 One year (day) 1年天 Two years (days) 2年天 Whole year 整年 1st (First) 1日 2

49、rd (Second) 2日 3rd (Third) 3日 5th (Fifth) 5日 Today 今天明天Tomorrow昨天Yesterday前天The day bdfore yesterday后天The day after tomorrow大前天3 days ago大后天3 days hence今晚Tonight昨晚Last night明晚Ne*t night通宵All night整天All day (the whole day)4季节Season和时节Solar terms春季Spring夏季Summer秋季Autumn冬季Winter立春夏、秋、冬the Beginning of

50、Spiring (Summer;Autumn;Winter)小暑雪、寒Slight Heat (Snow;Cold)大暑雪、寒Great Heat (Snow;Cold)雨水Rain Water惊蛰the Waking of Insects春秋分the Spiring (Autumnal) Equino*清明Pure Brightness谷雨Grain Rain小满Grain Full芒种Grain in Ear夏冬至the Summer (Winter) Solstice处暑the Limit of Heat白寒露White (Cold) Dew霜降Frosts Descent5时间的表示方

51、法In在后在2003年In 2003在3月In March(Mar.)在去年10月In last Oct.在早晨In the morning在上午In the forenoon在下午In the afternoon在晚上In the evening在近5天In the past 5 days在10分钟后In 10 minutes在秋季In autumn在这23天In a couple of daysWithin在中在近8个月中Within the last 8 months在过去的2年中Within the preceding 2 yearsOn在时候在2002的9月18日On the 18t

52、h of September,2002(英国)or On sept.18th,2002(美国)在星期三On Wednesday在本月7日On 7th instantAt在时在中午At noon在晚上At night在昨晚At last (preceding;previous )night在半夜At midnight在上午10点钟At 10AM在5岁时At the age of five在2000年底中、初At the end (middle;beginning) of 2000For计时间一周For one week近2个月来For the past 2 months几乎整整一年For nea

53、rly a month (a full month)3个月左右For 3months or so至少3个月For at least 3 months3个月以上For more than 3 months3个月或以上For 3months or more时间不详For an unknown(indefinite) period (time)Of在时期10年Of 10 years duration期间Length of time6月6日The 6th of JuneDring在期间在2000-2005年的几年中During the years form 2000 to 2005在这4年中Durin

54、g four years在过去的几周中During the past(Last) couple of weeks在夜间During the night整天During the entire dayAbout 约约1个半小时About one and half an hour大约半年About half a yearTo至；在之前从今下午点至明上午8点Form 6 PM today to 8 AM tomorrow6点45分At fifteen to sevenFrom从起从14岁至52岁From 14 to 52 year-old从上午7点30分开场Form 7:30AM从周一至周五From Monday through FridayPast过去；超过在过去的3周中In the past 3 weeks8点10分ten minutes past eightThrough or throughout在整个期间通宵值班Be on duty through the night从一月到六月From January through June熬过明晚Through the ne*t n