2022年考博英语-河北工业大学考前模拟强化练习题28（附答案详解）

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1、2022年考博英语-河北工业大学考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 单选题That part of the city has long been _ for its street violence.问题1选项A.notoriousB.responsibleC.historicalD.illegal【答案】A【解析】【选项释义】A. notorious声名狼藉的，臭名昭著的 B. responsible有责任的，负责的C. historical（有关）历史的，历史学的 D. illegal不合法的，非法的【答案】A【考查点】形容词辨析。【解题思路】根据关键词street violence（街头

2、暴力）可知，空格处填入notorious表示“臭名昭著的”符合句子意思。因此，该题选择A项。【干扰项排除】B、C、D项不符合句意。【句意】该市的这一地区长期以来因街头暴力而臭名昭著。2. 单选题Improved consumer confidence is _ to an economic recovery.问题1选项A.crucialB.subordinateC.cumulativeD.satisfactory【答案】A【解析】【选项释义】A. crucial至关重要的，关键性的 B. subordinate隶属的，从属的C. cumulative（在力量或重要性方面）聚积的，积累的 D.

3、satisfactory令人满意的，够好的【答案】A【考查点】形容词辨析。【解题思路】根据句子意思“消费者信心的增强对经济复苏_”可知，空格处表示“至关重要的”符合句意。因此，该题选择A项。【干扰项排除】B、C、D项不符合句意。【句意】消费者信心的增强对经济复苏至关重要。3. 单选题He is always meticulous in keeping the records up to date.问题1选项A.scrupulousB.perpetualC.puerileD.studious【答案】A【解析】【选项释义】A. scrupulous细心的，小心谨慎的，一丝不苟的 B. perpet

4、ual永久的，不断的，无期限的C. puerile幼稚的，孩子气的；天真的 D. studious勤奋的，好学的【答案】A【考查点】形容词辨析。【解题思路】由keeping the records up to date（保持记录的更新）可推测，划线单词meticulous表示“一丝不苟的，小心翼翼的”，因此A选项含义最为接近。【干扰项排除】B、C、D项与划线单词意思不符合。【句意】他总是一丝不苟地保持记录的更新。4. 翻译题什么是幸福？古今中外，很多人都对它作出过不少的论述。幸福是一种心境、一种感觉，是心里欲望得到满足时的状态，是感到生活有巨大乐趣并自然而然地希望它持续久远的愉快心情。有些人穷

5、其一生却找不到幸福，而有些人则时刻被幸福光环所围绕。这是因为幸福的人有一颗感知幸福的心，有一双善于发现幸福的眼睛。对于这样的人，一切都显得美好。房后清风做琴，檐下雨露为弦，屋顶鸟啾如歌，天上月光当酒。幸福简单又深奥，玄妙又简洁。所以要想得到幸福就要有一种如水心态，在平淡中寻找幸福，在细微中品味幸福。幸福有时就是一个分式，欲望是分母，所得是分子。如果想得到更多的幸福，最好的方法莫过于减少分母，增加分子。【答案】What is happiness? Many people have made a lot of discussion about it at all times. Happiness

6、is a kind of mood, a feeling, a state when desires in the heart is satisfied, or a happy mood which feels the great joy of life and hopes that it can last for a long time naturally. Some people spend their entire lives but cannot find happiness, while others are always surrounded by it. This is beca

7、use happy people have a heart which can perceive happiness, and a pair of eyes which is gWhat is happiness? Ancient and modern, many people have made a lot of discussion on it. Happiness is a mood, a feeling, a state of mind in which the desires of the heart are satisfied, a joyful mood in which one

8、 feels that life has great pleasures and naturally wants them to last. Some people go through life without finding happiness, while others are surrounded by a halo of happiness. This is because happy people have a heart to perceive happiness, and a pair of eyes good at finding happiness. For these p

9、erson, all is well. Behind the house, wind as a lyre; under the eaves, rain and dew as a string; on the roof, birds tweet like a song; and in the sky, moonlight as wine. Happiness is simple and profound, mysterious and concise. So if you want to get happiness, you should have a mentality like water,

10、 looking for happiness in the plain, and tasting happiness in the subtle. Happiness is sometimes a fraction, desire is the denominator, while gains is the numerator. If you want more happiness, the best way is to reduce the denominator and increase the numerator.5. 翻译题节日, 是一年中不同寻常的日子。欢乐、喜庆是节日习俗最为突出的

11、特点。节日习俗中焕然一新的服饰、丰盛的饮食、热烈的庆祝活动以及对于居住环境的装点, 都体现了这一精神。从远古时代起, 中国人的祖先就创造出多种多样的传统节日习俗, 以不同的形式展现出民族的风貌、风姿和风采, 并深刻地影响着人们的社会生活, 形成了丰富多彩、独具特色的风俗习惯。这些传统的节令习俗, 随着社会的发展和生活条件的变化, 不断丰富、发展和演变。汉族和中国少数民 族的这些传统习俗, 是民俗文化中珍贵的活化石, 它镌刻在中华各民族子孙的生活中, 给我们以多种多样的启迪。【答案】Festivals are special days of the year. Joy and jubilatio

12、n are the most prominent characteristics of festival customs. This spirit is reflected in the festive customs of new clothes, rich food, lively celebrations and decorations for the living environment. Since ancient times, the ancestors of Chinese people have created a variety of traditional festival

13、 customs, which have shown the national style, charm and elegant demeanor in different forms. All of these have had a profound impact on peoples social life. Chinese people have been constantly enriching and developing them with the evolvement of societies and improvement of living conditions. These

14、 traditional festivals and customs of the Han nationality and other minorities are priceless live fossils of folk culture, engraved in the daily life of each nationality and providing us all kinds of enlightment.6. 单选题A A technical view of a new invention sometimes B differ from C an economic D pers

15、pective.问题1选项A.technicalB.differC.anD.perspective【答案】B【解析】【考查点】主谓一致。【解题思路】句子主语是第三人称单数A technical view（技术观点），因此谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式differs。该题选择B项。【句意】对一项新发明的技术观点有时与经济观点不同。7. 单选题A green and yellow parrot, which hung in a cage outside the door, kept repeating over and over: “Allez vous-en! Allez vous-en! Sap

16、risti! Thats all right! ” He could speak a little Spanish, and also a language which nobody understood, unless it was the mocking-bird that hung on the other side of the door, whistling his fluty notes out upon the breeze with maddening persistence.Mr. Pontellier, unable to read his newspaper with a

17、ny degree of comfort, arose with an expression and an exclamation of disgust. He walked down the gallery and across the narrow “bridges” which connected the Lebrun cottages one with the other. He had been seated before the door of the main house. The parrot and the mocking bird were the property of

18、Madame Lebrun, and they had the right to make all the noise they wished. Mr. Pontellier had the privilege of quitting their society when they ceased to be entertaining.He stopped before the door of his own cottage, which was the fourth one from the main building and next to the last. Seating himself

19、 in a wicker rocker which was there, he once more applied himself to the task of reading the newspaper. The day was Sunday; the paper was a day old. The Sunday papers had not yet reached Grand Isle. He was already acquainted with the market reports, and be glanced restlessly over the editorials and

20、bits of news which he had not had time to read before quitting New Orleans the day before.Mr. Pontellier wore eye-glasses. He was a man of forty, of medium height and rather slender build: he stooped a little. His hair was brown and straight, parted on one side. His beard was neatly and closely trim

21、med.Once in a while he withdrew his glance from the newspaper and looked about him. There was more noise than ever over at the house. The main building was called “the house” to distinguish it from the cottages. The chattering and whistling birds were still at it. Two young girls, the Farival twins,

22、 were playing a duet from “Zampa” upon the piano. Madame Lebrun was bustling in and out, giving orders in a high key to a yard-boy whenever she got inside the house, and directions in an equally high voice to a dining room servant whenever she got outside. She was a fresh, pretty woman, clad always

23、in white with elbow sleeves. Her starched skins crinkled as she came and went. Farther down, before one of the cottages, a lady in black was walking demurely up and down, telling her beads. A good many persons of the pension had gone over to the Cheniere Caminada in Beaudelets slugger to hear mass.

24、Some young people were nut under the water-oaks playing croquet. Mr. Pontelliers two children were theresturdy little fellows of four and five. A quadroon nurse followed them about with a faraway, meditative air.Mr. Pontellier finally lit a cigar and began to smoke, letting the paper drag idly from

25、his hand. He fixed his gaze upon a white sunshade that was advancing at snails pace from the beach. He could see it plainly between the gaunt trunks of the water-oaks and across the stretch of yellow chamomile. The gulf looked far away, melting hazily into the blue of the horizon. The sunshade conti

26、nued to approach slowly. Beneath its pink-lined shelter were his wife, Mrs. Pontellier, and young Robert Lebrun. When they reached the cottage, the two seated themselves with some appearance of fatigue upon the upper step of the porch, facing each other, each leaning against a supporting post.“What

27、folly! to bathe at such an hour in such heat!” exclaimed Mr. Pontellier. He himself had taken a plunge at daylight. That was why the morning seemed long to him.“You are burnt beyond recognition,” he added, looking at his wife as one looks at a valuable piece of personal property which has suffered s

28、ome damage. She held up her hands, strong, shapely hands, and surveyed them critically, drawing up her lawn sleeves above the wrists. Looking at them reminded her of her rings, which she had given to her husband before leaving for the beach. She silently reached out to him, and he understanding, too

29、k the rings from his vest pocket and dropped them into her open palm. She slipped them upon her fingers; then clasping her knees, she looked across at Robert and began to laugh. The rings sparkled upon her fingers. He sent back an answering smile.“What is it?” asked Pontellier, looking lazily and am

30、used from one to the other. It was some utter nonsense; some adventure out there in the water, and they both tried to relate it at once. It did not seem half so amusing when told. They realized this, and so did Mr. Pontellier. He yawned and stretched himself. Then he got up, saying he had half a min

31、d to go over to Kleins hotel and play a game of billiards.“Come go along, Lebrun,” he proposed to Robert. But Robert admitted quite frankly that he preferred to stay where he was and talk to Mrs. Pontellier.“Well, send him about his business when he bores you, Edna,” instructed her husband as he pre

32、pared to leave.“Here, take the umbrella,” she exclaimed, holding it out to him. He accepted the sunshade, and lifting it over his head descended the steps and walked away.“Coming back to dinner?” his wife called after him. He halted a moment and shrugged his shoulders. He felt in his vest pocket; th

33、ere was a ten-dollar bill there. He did not know; perhaps he would return for the early dinner and perhaps he would not. It all depended upon the company which he found over at Kleins and the size of “the game.” He did not say this, but she understood it, and laughed, nodding good-bye to him.Both ch

34、ildren wanted to follow their father when they saw him starting out. He kissed them and promised to bring them back bonbons and peanuts.1. Which of the following adjectives best describe Mr. Pontellier?2. In Mr. Ponielliers minds eye, his wife is _.3. The image that the story evokes in readers mind

35、in its very beginning is _.4. From the story we know that Mrs. Pontellier is a/an _ wife.5. Mr. Pontellier enjoys _.问题1选项A.Energetic.B.Robust.C.Good-humored.D.Inactive.问题2选项A.an independent personB.an object of considerable valueC.an understanding womanD.an unreliable woman问题3选项A.sea imageB.animal i

36、mageC.bird imageD.umbrella image问题4选项A.understandingB.depressedC.criticalD.listless问题5选项A.having dinner with his wifeB.gamblingC.playing with his childrenD.swimming【答案】第1题:D第2题:B第3题:C第4题:A第5题:B【解析】1.【选项释义】1. Which of the following adjectives best describe Mr. Pontellier? 1. 下面哪个形容词最能描述庞特利耶先生？A. Ener

37、getic. A. 精力充沛的。B. Robust. B. 健康的，强健的。C. Good-humored. C. 心情愉快的。D. Inactive. D. 不活跃的。【答案】D【考查点】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据第六段第一句“庞特利耶先生懒洋洋地把那张纸从手里拖出来（letting the paper drag idly from his hand），点燃了一支雪茄，开始抽起来”和第九段倒数第二句“他打个哈欠，伸一伸懒腰”可以看出，庞特利耶先生是一个比较闲散，怠惰的人。因此，D项“不活跃的”符合题干。【干扰项排除】A项“精力充沛的”、B项“健康的，强健的”和C项“心情愉快的”在原文都无法

38、找到判断依据，属于无中生有。2.【选项释义】2. In Mr. Ponielliers minds eye, his wife is _. 2. 在庞特利耶看来，他的妻子是_。A. an independent person A. 一个独立的人B. an object of considerable value B. 一个相当有价值的物品C. an understanding woman C. 一个善解人意的女人D. an unreliable woman D. 一个不可靠的女人【答案】B【考查点】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据第八段第一句“看着他的妻子就像看着一件被损坏了的贵重的私人财产”可以

39、看出，在庞特利耶先生的眼里，他的妻子就像他贵重的私人财产一般，由此可知，B选项“一个相当有价值的物品”表述正确。【干扰项排除】A项“一个独立的人”、B项“一个善解人意的女人”和D项“一个不可靠的女人”都无法依据原文内容判断得出，属于无中生有。3.【选项释义】3. The image that the story evokes in readers mind in its very beginning is _. 3. 故事一开始就在读者脑海中唤起的形象是_。A. sea image A. 大海意象B. animal image B. 动物形象C. bird image C. 鸟的形象D. um

40、brella image D. 伞形意象【答案】C【考查点】细节事实题。【解题思路】根据第一段内容“在门外挂着的鸟笼子里一只绿黄相间的鹦鹉不停地叫着：滚!滚！该死的东西！这才像话！它能说一点儿西班牙语，还能说一种谁也听不懂的语言，但是挂在门另一侧的鸟笼里的画眉除外。这只画眉也迎着微风清亮地啁啾着，叫个不停，真让人生气。”可知，作者在原文一开始描述了吵闹的小鸟的形象，引出故事的下文，所以最先出现的是鸟的图像，故本题正确答案为C选项。【干扰项排除】A项“大海意象”、D项“伞形意象”由解题思路可知，这两项虽然在原文有提到，但是并不属于文章一开始所提到的范围，这两项属于曲解原文；B项“动物形象”表述不

41、够准确，该项属于曲解原文。4.【选项释义】4. From the story we know that Mrs. Pontellier is a/an _ wife. 4. 从这个故事我们知道庞特利耶夫人是一个_的妻子。A. understanding A. 善解人意的B. depressed B. 沮丧的C. critical C. 批判的D. listless D. 无精打采的【答案】A【考查点】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据原文倒数第二段最后一句“他没有说这话，但她明白了，笑着向他点头道别”可知，即使她先生没说什么，庞特利耶太太还是明白了他的意思，冲他点了点头，由此可见她是一个善解人意的人

42、。故本题正确答案为A选项“善解人意的”。【干扰项排除】B项“沮丧的”、C项“批判的”和D项“无精打采的”在原文没有依据，属于无中生有。5.【选项释义】5. Mr. Pontellier enjoys _. 5. 庞特利耶先生喜欢_。A. having dinner with his wife A. 和他的妻子共进晚餐B. gambling B. 赌博C. playing with his children C. 和他的孩子们一起玩耍D. swimming D. 游泳【答案】B【考查点】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据文章倒数第二段第四和第五句“他不知道；他也许会早点回来吃晚饭，也许不会。这一切都取

43、决于Klein公司和游戏的规模。”可知，在妻子问他是否会回家吃饭时，庞特利耶先生没有确切地给出答案。是否回家要看“the game”的规模如何，game有“赌博”的意思，也就是说，他应该喜欢赌博。故本题正确答案为B选项“赌博”。【干扰项排除】A项“和他的妻子共进晚餐”由解题思路可知，庞特利耶先生更喜欢赌博，该项属于曲解原文；C项“和他的孩子们一起玩耍”根据最后一段“两个孩子看到父亲出发时都想跟着他。他吻了他们，答应给他们带糖果和花生回来。”可以看出，庞特利耶先生不想和他们的孩子一起去玩耍，该项属于反向干扰；D项“游泳”在原文没有依据，属于无中生有。8. 单选题According to anci

44、ent Greek legend the _ set a riddle which no one before Oedipus was able to answer.问题1选项A.sphinxB.crookC.duchessD.truant【答案】A【解析】【选项释义】A. sphinx斯芬克斯，狮身人面像 B. crook骗子；坏蛋C. duchess公爵夫人，雍容华贵的妇女 D. truant旷课者，逃学者；逃避责任的人【答案】A【考查点】名词辨析。【解题思路】根据关键信息ancient Greek legend（古希腊神话）和Oedipus（俄狄浦斯）可知，这是一个希腊神话里面的内容，在

45、古希腊传说中，斯芬克斯设置了一个无人能回答的谜题，直到俄狄浦斯出现才解出了答案。所以该题选择A项。【干扰项排除】B、C、D项都与句意不符。【句意】根据古希腊传说，斯芬克斯提出了一个在俄狄浦斯之前没有人能回答的谜。9. 单选题A Many people believe B that New York is the C most great city D in the United States.问题1选项A.ManyB.thatC.mostD.in【答案】C【解析】【考查点】最高级用法。【解题思路】Great的最高级是直接在后面加est，即greatest。所以要把most great改为gre

46、atest。该题选择C项。【句意】许多人认为纽约是美国最大的城市。10. 单选题No men were allowed to _ on the livelihood of his neighbor.问题1选项A.wadeB.invokeC.muffleD.infringe【答案】D【解析】【选项释义】A. wade涉水，跋涉；费力行走 B. invoke引起，恳求；调用C. muffle蒙住，裹住；抑制 D. infringe侵犯，违反；破坏【答案】D【考查点】动词辨析。【解题思路】根据句子意思“不允许任何人_邻居的生活”可知，空格处填入“打扰，破坏”符合句意，只有D项符合。【干扰项排除】A、

47、B、C项不符合句意。【句意】不允许任何人侵犯邻居的生活。11. 单选题Richard, King of England from 1189 to 1199, with all his characteristic virtues and faults cast in a heroic mould, is one of the most fascinating medieval figures. He has been described as the creature and embodiment of the age of chivalry. In those days the lion w

48、as much admired in heraldry, and more than one king sought to link himself with its repute. When Richards contemporaries called him “Coeur de Lion” (The Lion heart), they paid a lasting compliment to the king of beasts. Little did the English people owe him for his services, and heavily did they pay

49、 for his adventures. He was in England only twice for a few short months in his ten years reign; yet his memory has always English hearts, and seems to present throughout the centuries the pattern of the fighting man. In all deeds of prowess as well as in large schemes of war Richard shone. He was t

50、all and delicately shaped strong in nerve and sinew, and most dexterous in arms. He rejoiced in personal combat, and regarded his opponents without malice as necessary agents in his fame He loved war, not so much for the sake of glory or political ends, but as other men love science or poetry, for t

51、he excitement of the struggle and the glow of victory. By this his whole temperament was toned; and united with the highest qualities of the military commander, love of war called forth all the powers of his mind and body.Although a man of blood and violence, Richard was too impetuous to be either t

52、reacherous or habitually cruel. He was as ready to forgive as he was hasty to offend; he was open-handed and munificent to profusion; in war circumspect in design and skillful in execution; in political a child, lacking in subtlety and experience. His political alliances were formed upon his likes a

53、nd dislikes; his political schemes had neither unity nor clearness of purpose. The advantages gained for him by military geoids were flung away through diplomatic ineptitude. When, on the journey to the East, Messina in Sicily was won by his arms he was easily persuaded to share with his polished, f

54、aithless ally, Philip Augustus, fruits of a victory which more wisely used might have foiled the French Kings artful schemes. The rich and tenable acquisition of Cyprus was cast away even more easily than it was won. His life was one magnificent parade, which, when ended, left only an empty plain.In

55、 1199, when the difficulties of raising revenue for the endless war were at their height, good news was brought to King Richard. It was said there had been dug up near the castle of Chaluz, on the lands of one of his French vassals, a treasure of wonderful quality; a group of golden images of an emp

56、eror, his wife, sons and daughters, seated round a table, also of gold, had been unearthed. The King claimed this treasure as lord paramount. The lord of Chaluz resisted the demand, and the King laid siege to his small, weak castle. On the third day, as he rode daringly, near the wall, confident in

57、his hard-tried luck, a bolt from a crossbow struck him in the left shoulder by the neck. The wound, already deep, was aggravated by the necessary cutting out of the arrow-head. Gangrene set in, and Coeur de Lion knew that he must pay a soldiers debt. He prepared for death with fortitude and calm, an

58、d in accordance with the principles he had followed. He arranged his affairs, he divided his personal belongings among his friends or bequeathed them to charity. He declared John to be his heir, and made all present swear fealty to him. He ordered the archer who had shot the fatal bolt, and who was

59、now a prisoner, to be brought before him. He pardoned him, and made him a gift of money. For seven years he had not confessed for fear of being compelled to be reconciled to Philip, but now he received the offices of the Church with sincere and exemplary piety, and died in the forty-second year of h

60、is age on April 6, 1199, worthy, by the consent of all men, to sit with King Arthur and Roland and other heroes of martial romance at some Eternal round Table, which we trust the Creator of the Universe in His comprehension will not have forgotten to provide. The archer was flayed alive.30. “Little

61、did the English people own him for his service” (paragraph One) means that the English _.31. To say that his life was a “magnificent parade” (paragraph Two) implies that it was to some extent _.32. Richards behavior as death approached showed _.33. The point of the last short paragraph is that Richa

62、rd was _.34. Which of the following phrase best describes Richard as seen by the author?35. The relationship between the first and second paragraphs is that _.问题1选项A.paid few taxes to himB.gave him little respectC.received little protection from himD.had no real cause to feel grateful to him问题2选项A.s

63、pent chiefly at warB.impressive and admirableC.lived too pompouslyD.an empty show问题3选项A.bravery and self-controlB.wisdom and correctnessC.devotion and romanceD.chivalry and charity问题4选项A.cheated by his own successorsB.determined to take revenge on his enemiesC.more generous to his enemies than his successorsD.unable to influence the behavior of his successors问题5选项A.An aggressive king, too fond of war.B.A