2022年考博英语-中央美术学院考前模拟强化练习题99（附答案详解）

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1、2022年考博英语-中央美术学院考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 单选题His hand shook a little as he（ ） the key in the lock.问题1选项A.squeezedB.insertedC.stuffedD.pierced【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。squeeze“挤，紧握”；insert“插入”；stuff“塞满”；pierce“穿孔”。句意：当他将钥匙插入锁时，他的手微微抖了一下。B项符合题意。2. 单选题I hate people who（ ） the end of a film that you havent seen before.问

2、题1选项A.revealB.rewriteC.reviseD.reverse【答案】A【解析】考查动词辨析。reveal“揭示，揭露，显露”；rewrite“重写，改写”；revise“修订，复习”；reverse“颠倒，撤销，反转”。句意：我讨厌别人泄露我还没看过的电影的结局。A项符合题意。3. 单选题Teaching children to read well from the start is the most important task of elementary schools. But relying on educators to approach this task corr

3、ectly can be a great mistake. Many schools continue to employ instructional methods that have been proven ineffective. The staying power of the “look-say” or “whole-word” method of teaching beginning reading is perhaps the most flagrant example of this failure to instruct effectively.The whole-word

4、approach to reading stresses the meaning of words over the meaning letters, thinking over decoding, developing a sight vocabulary of familiar words over developing the ability to unlock the pronunciation of unfamiliar words. It fits in with the self-directed, “learning how to learn” activities recom

5、mended by advocates（倡导者）of “open” classrooms and with the concept that children have to be developmentally ready to begin reading. Before1963, no major publisher put out anything but these “Run-Spot-Run” readers.However, in 1955, Rudolf Flesch touched off what has been called “the great debate” in b

6、eginning reading. In his best-seller Why Johnny Cant Read, Flesch indicted （控诉）the nations public schools for miseducating students by using the look-say method. He said-and more scholarly studies by Jeane Chall and Rovert Dykstra later confirmed_that another approach to beginning reading, founded o

7、n phonics（语音学）,is far superior.Systematic phonics first teaches children to associate letters and letter combinations with sounds; it then teaches them how to blend these sounds together to make words. Rather than building up a relatively limited vocabulary of memorized words, it imparts a code by w

8、hich the pronunciations of the vast majority of the most common words in the English language can be learned. Phonics does not devalue the importance of thinking about the meaning of words and sentences; it simply recognizes that decoding is the logical and necessary first step.1.The author feels th

9、at counting on educators to teach reading correctly is（ ）.2.The author indicts the look-say reading approach because（ ）.3.One major difference between the look-say method of learning reading and the phonics method is（ ） .4.The phrase “touch-off”（Para 3）most probably means（ ）.5.According to the autho

10、r, which of the following statements is true?问题1选项A.only logical and naturalB.the expected positionC.probably a mistakeD.merely effective instruction问题2选项A.it overlooks decodingB.Rudolf Flesch agrees with itC.he says it is boringD.many schools continue to use this method问题3选项A.look-say is simplerB.P

11、honics takes longer to learnC.look-say is easier to teachD.phonics gives readers access to far more words问题4选项A.talk about shortlyB.start or causeC.compare withD.oppose问题5选项A.Phonics approach regards whole-word method as unimportant.B.The whole-word approach emphasizes decoding.C.In phonics approach

12、, it is necessary and logical to employ decoding.D.Phonics is superior because it stresses the meaning of words thus the vast majority of most common words can be learned.【答案】第1题:C第2题:A第3题:D第4题:B第5题:C【解析】1.细节事实题。由第一段“But relying on educators to approach this task correctly can be a great mistake. 但是

13、依赖教育者来正确地完成这项任务可能是一个巨大的错误。”可知C项正确。2.细节事实题。由第二段“The whole-word approach to reading stresses the meaning of words over the meaning letters, thinking over decoding, 整字阅读法强调单词的意义而不是字母的意义，思考而不是解码”可知A项正确。3.细节事实题。由最后一段“Rather than building up a relatively limited vocabulary of memorized words, it imparts a

14、 code by which the pronunciations of the vast majority of the most common words in the English language can be learned. 它提供了一套密码，通过这套密码，绝大多数英语中最常见的单词的发音都可以被学习，而不是建立一个记忆单词的相对有限的词汇。”可知语音学让学生学会发音的单词更多。故D项正确。4.词义题。由第三段“However, in 1955, Rudolf Flesch touched off what has been called “the great debate” i

15、n beginning reading. 然而，在1955年，鲁道夫弗莱什在开始阅读时引发了所谓的“大辩论”。”选项中只有B项符合题意。5.推理判断题。由最后一段“Phonics does not devalue the importance of thinking about the meaning of words and sentences; it simply recognizes that decoding is the logical and necessary first step. 语音并没有贬低思考单词和句子意义的重要性;它只是认识到解码是逻辑和必要的第一步。”可知语音学习法

16、认为解码是逻辑和必要的第一步。故C项正确。4. 单选题Many people are asking whether traditional research universities in fact have any future（ ）.问题1选项A.at allB.so farC.in allD.on end【答案】A【解析】考查词组辨析。at all“根本，究竟”；so far“到目前为止”；in all“总共，合计”；on end“竖着，连续着”。句意：许多人在询问，传统的研究型大学实际上到底还有没有前途。A项符合题意。5. 单选题The newspaper did not mentio

17、n the（ ） of the damage caused by the fire.问题1选项A.rangeB.levelC.extentD.quantity【答案】C【解析】考查名词辨析。range“范围”；level“水平，标准，常强调变化的差异性和职权等的范围”；extent“程度，范围，长度”；quantity“数量”。句意：这家报纸没有提到由于火灾所造成的损害程度。C项符合题意。6. 单选题At that time, America was faced with the problem of providing jobs for the many（ ） who were pourin

18、g into the country.问题1选项A.emigrantsB.migrantsC.inhabitantsD.immigrants【答案】D【解析】考查形近近义词辨析。A选项emigrant“移民（迁出的）”；B选项migrant“移居者”；C选项inhabitant“居民”；D选项immigrant“移民（迁入的）”。根据后面的定语从句“who were pouring into the country. 涌入这个国家（美国）的人们”可知，这里指的是迁入的移民，所以选项D正确。7. 单选题Doctors are interested in using lasers as a sur

19、gical tool in operations on people who are （ ） to heart attack.问题1选项A.proneB.disposedC.infectiousD.accessible【答案】A【解析】考查固定搭配。be prone to“易于，有 的倾向”；be disposed to“愿意，使易感染”；be accessible to“容易接近的，容易进入的”。句意：医生对于运用激光给心脏病人做手术很感兴趣。A项符合题意。8. 翻译题Directions: Translate the following five underlined sentences

20、into Chinese. Write your translation on the Answer Sheet.1.Chinese dealers，collectors and art lovers have been out in force at Christies, which is auctioning the art collection of Robert Hatfield Ellsworth in five days of sales that begin on Tuesday, with a week of online sales to follow. Ellsworth，

21、a revered connoisseur who died last year, amassed one of the finest private collections of Asian art in the West, and the presale estimates total $35 million. Jin Zhao, who collects Tang and Song dynasty porcelain in a small way, flew in from Tianjin, China, hoping to pick up one or two pieces. “Its

22、 worth it,” he said “This is a very great collection.”The Ellsworth sale puts a giant exclamation point on Asia Week, an annual event that makes New York the prime destination for dealers, museum curators, scholars and collectors from around the world, a varied group that included sharp-eyed young c

23、ollectors in down jackets and jeans, middle-aged dealers hunting their quarry in small packs, tweedy connoisseurs and Chinese women dressed up to Ming vase standards.2. “It is the largest group of Asian art on the face of the earth/ said Jav Xu, director of theAsian Art Museum in San Francisco, who

24、is leading a team of about two dozen curators, board members, collectors and donors to New York for an excited round of looking, meeting, greeting,publicizing and acquiring. “It is very rich.”Mr. Xu was referring to the weeks events: the exhibits, often museum quality, at the more than 40 dealers wh

25、o participate in Asia Week; the shows and lectures at institutions like Asia Society and the Japan Society; the two dozen auctions of Asian art at Sothebys, Christies， Bonhams and Doyle; and benefit parties like the one at the Metropolitan Museum of Art to celebrate the centenary of its Asian art de

26、partment.Less than 10 years ago, the market for Asian art in New York looked quite different. 3.The International Asian Art Fair, held for many years at the Park Avenue Armory, went bust at the end of 2008, a victim of the economic downturn.4.Ms. Mirviss and the Korean art dealer Jiyoung Koo hastily

27、 organized an association of 16 dealers, which they called Asian Art Dealers of the Upper East Side, to hold open houses that, collectively, would replace the art fair. At the same time, a half-dozen dealers making up the Japanese Art Dealers Association staged their own show, which has become an an

28、nual event.From these beginnings, Asia Week quickly developed into its current hybrid form. “We are not an art fair,” said Carol Conover, the director of Kaikodo Asian Art and the chairwoman of Asia Week. “We are something very different. The intimacy of a gallery is different than being on a floor

29、in a big room.5.Asia Week has prospered in a decade dominated bybad economic news, thanks almost entirely to wealthy Chinese dealers and collectors, whose free spending and deep pockets have led to the first Asia Week in Paris, scheduled for June, and a new branch of Art Basel in Hong Kong, which st

30、arted on Sunday and will run for three days. “The dominant force is the Chinese buyer,” Mr. Lally said. “They buy 75 to 80 percent of the Chinese art at the auction houses.”And they have been showing up in droves. Francesca Galloway, a London dealer in Indian art showing at W. M. Brady Camp Company,

31、 on East 80th Street, put it bluntly: “If youre a collector and youre not here, youre not in the game.”【答案】1.从周二开始，佳士得拍卖行将开始拍卖安思远（Robert Hatfield Ellsworth）的藏品，为期五天，其后还将举办一周的在线销售，中国的经销商、收藏家和艺术爱好者们趋之若鹜。2.“这是地球上最大的亚洲艺术精英人群了，”旧金山亚洲艺术博物馆馆长许杰（Jay Xu）说，他率领二十多名策展人、董事会成员、收藏家与捐赠者来到纽约，进行一系列热闹的参观、会面、寒暄、公关和购买活动

32、。3.国际亚洲艺术博览会多年来一直在公园大道军械库举行，最终于2008年底宣告破产，成了经济低迷的牺牲品。4.默维斯和韩国艺术交易商Jiyoung Koo与16位交易商仓促成立了“上东区亚洲艺术交易商协会”，他们联合举办公开活动，试图取代艺术博览会。5.在这个经济不景气的十年，亚洲周却一直保持着繁荣昌盛，这多亏了富裕的中国交易商与收藏家们，他们出手慷慨，身家阔绰，因此今年六月，巴黎也要举办第一届亚洲周了，此外，香港也开办了巴塞尔艺术展的分展，于周日举行，持续三日。9. 单选题Electrical resistance is a common property of all materials,

33、（ ） .问题1选项A.differs only in degreeB.only in degree it differsC.it only differs in degreeD.differing only in degree【答案】D【解析】考查分词结构。分析句子结构可知，两个独自的句子用逗号隔开且没有连词，说明后半句应使用非谓语成分，即动词的分词形式或不定式，这里只有选项D是非谓语结构，所以选项D正确。10. 单选题The technological advances made it possible for the middle classes to enjoy what had on

34、ce been（ ）only to the very rich.问题1选项A.manageableB.measurableC.acceptableD.affordable【答案】D【解析】考查形容词辨析。manageable“可管理的”；measurable“可衡量的”；acceptable“可接受的”；affordable“可负担得起的”。句意：技术的进步让中产阶级也能够享受原本只有富人能够供应得起的东西。D项符合题意。11. 单选题He was so angry that he just couldnt（ ）from telling them what he thought.问题1选项A.

35、hold offB.hold onC.hold backD.hold up【答案】C【解析】考查固定搭配。hold back from意为“抑制阻止”。句意“他非常生气，忍不住把自己的想法告诉了他们。”选项C符合句意。12. 单选题There is already （ ） clear to show that plants and animals are being affected by climate change.问题1选项A.witnessB.certificationC.identifyD.evidence【答案】D【解析】考查名词辨析。witness“证人，目击者”；certifi

36、cation“证明，鉴定”；identify“鉴定，识别”；evidence“证据”。句意：有证据清晰地表明植物和动物受到气候变化的影响。D项符合题意。13. 单选题He found the（ ） media attention intolerable and decided to go abroad.问题1选项A.sufficientB.constantC.steadyD.plenty【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析。sufficient“足够的，充分的”；constant“持续的，不变的，恒定的”；steady“稳固的，不变的”；plenty“许多，丰富”。句意：媒体对他的不断关注使他无法

37、忍受，因此他决定出国。由intolerable可知B项正确，其他三项都为褒义词，不符合语境。14. 单选题Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word table following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices.

38、Each choice in the table is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet. You may not use any of the words in the table more than once.It is 3 a.m. everything on the university campus seems ghostlike in the quiet and darknesseverything except the compute

39、r center. Here, twenty students rumpled and bleary-eyed, tapping away on the（1）keys. With eyes glued to the video screen, they tap on for hours. For the rest of the world, it might be the middle of the night, but here time does not exist. This is a world unto itself. These young computer “hackers” a

40、re（2）a kind of compulsion, a drive so consuming it overshadows nearly every other part of their lives and forms the focal point of their existence. They are（3）computer programmers. Some of these students have been at the console for thirty hours or more without a break for meals or sleep. Some have（

41、4）on sofas and lounge chairs in the computer center, trying to catch a moment sleep but dont want to get too far away from their beloved machines. Most of these students dont have to beat the computer center in the middle of the night. They arent working on assignments. They are there because they w

42、ant to bethey are irresistibly（5）there.And they are not alone. There are（6）at computer centers all across the country. In their extreme form, they focus on nothing else. They flunk out of school and lose contact with friends; they might have difficulty finding jobs, choosing instead to wander from o

43、ne computer center to another.“I remember one hacker. We（7）had to carry him off his chair to feed him and put him to sleep. We really feared for his health,” says a computer science professor at MIT.Computer science teachers are now more（8）of the implications of this hacker phenomenon and are on the

44、 lookout for potential hackers and cases of computer（9）that are already severe. They know that the（10）of the hackers is not just the story of one persons relationship with a machine. It is the story of a societys relationship to the so-called thinking machines which are becoming almost everywhere.问题

45、1选项A.hackersB.companyC.compulsiveD.internalE.fallen asleepF.knowG.actuallyH.purseI.computerJ.drawnK.addressedL.addictionM.pursuingN.awareO.case问题2选项A.hackersB.companyC.compulsiveD.internalE.fallen asleepF.knowG.actuallyH.purseI.computerJ.drawnK.addressedL.addictionM.pursuingN.awareO.case问题3选项A.hacke

46、rsB.companyC.compulsiveD.internalE.fallen asleepF.knowG.actuallyH.purseI.computerJ.drawnK.addressedL.addictionM.pursuingN.awareO.case问题4选项A.hackersB.companyC.compulsiveD.internalE.fallen asleepF.knowG.actuallyH.purseI.computerJ.drawnK.addressedL.addictionM.pursuingN.awareO.case问题5选项A.hackersB.compan

47、yC.compulsiveD.internalE.fallen asleepF.knowG.actuallyH.purseI.computerJ.drawnK.addressedL.addictionM.pursuingN.awareO.case问题6选项A.hackersB.companyC.compulsiveD.internalE.fallen asleepF.knowG.actuallyH.purseI.computerJ.drawnK.addressedL.addictionM.pursuingN.awareO.case问题7选项A.hackersB.companyC.compuls

48、iveD.internalE.fallen asleepF.knowG.actuallyH.purseI.computerJ.drawnK.addressedL.addictionM.pursuingN.awareO.case问题8选项A.hackersB.companyC.compulsiveD.internalE.fallen asleepF.knowG.actuallyH.purseI.computerJ.drawnK.addressedL.addictionM.pursuingN.awareO.case问题9选项A.hackersB.companyC.compulsiveD.inter

49、nalE.fallen asleepF.knowG.actuallyH.purseI.computerJ.drawnK.addressedL.addictionM.pursuingN.awareO.case问题10选项A.hackersB.companyC.compulsiveD.internalE.fallen asleepF.knowG.actuallyH.purseI.computerJ.drawnK.addressedL.addictionM.pursuingN.awareO.case【答案】第1题:I第2题:M第3题:C第4题:E第5题:J第6题:A第7题:G第8题:N第9题:L第1

50、0题:O【解析】1.考查句意理解。根据句意“在这里（电脑中心），20名学生皱着眉头，睡眼惺忪，不停地敲着（ ） 键盘。”由此可推断出，这里指的是电脑键盘，所以I选项正确。2.考查句意理解。根据句意“这些年轻的电脑黑客正在（ ） 一种冲动，这种冲动如此强烈，以至于掩盖了他们生活的几乎所有其他部分，形成了他们存在的焦点。”由此可知，填空处应填入动词，M选项pursuing“追求”代入符合句意。3.考查句意理解。分析句子可知，填空处应填入的是一个形容词来修饰computer programmers；根据下文“其中一些学生已经在控制台前呆了30多个小时，没有吃饭或睡觉。”可推断出，这些人他们的行为是强

51、制性的，所以本题选C。4.考查句意理解。根据句意可知，这里是说“有些人在电脑中心的沙发和躺椅上睡着了。”所以选项E正确。5.考查句意理解。根据破折号前面的句意“他们在那里是因为他们想要.”，可知，这里应该是指“他们被不可抗拒地吸引到那里”，所以选项J符合句意。6.考查句意理解。根据句意“而且他们并不孤单。这里有来自于全国各地计算机中心的黑客。”选项A符合句意。7.考查句子结构和句意理解。分析句子结构可知，句子成分和句意表达完整，由此可知，填空处应填入的是一个副词，只有选项G属于副词，所以正确。8.考查固定搭配。根据句意“计算机科学教师们现在更加（ ） 这种黑客现象的影响”be aware of

52、意为“意识到”，选项N符合句意。9.考查句意理解。根据句意“计算机科学教师现在更加意识到这种黑客现象的影响，并且密切关注那些潜在的黑客和已经对计算机严重上瘾的事例。”computer addiction意为“对计算机上瘾的”，选项L符合句意。10.考查句意理解。根据句意“他们知道，黑客事件不只是一个人与一台机器的关系。”选项O符合句意。15. 单选题In the Chinese household, grandparents and other relatives play （ ） roles in raising children.问题1选项A.incapableB.indispensabl

53、eC.insensibleD.infinite【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析。incapable“不能的，无能力的”；indispensable“不可缺少的”；insensible“昏迷的，无知觉的”；infinite“无限的，无穷的”。句意：在中国的家庭当中，祖父母和其他的亲戚在养育孩子方面起着必不可少的作用。B项符合题意。16. 单选题The worker invented a(n)（ ） for catching flies.问题1选项A.equipmentB.toolC.deviceD.apparatus【答案】B【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项equipment“设备，器材”，多指重型

54、设备，如体育器材；B选项tool“工具”，一般指手工工具；C选项device“装置”，多指为某一特殊用途而设计的精巧仪器；D选项apparatus“仪器”，一般指由多种零件组成的复杂仪器。句意：工人发明了一种工具来捕捉苍蝇。捕捉苍蝇不需要精密的或重型的设备，所以只有选项B正确。17. 翻译题Directions: Translate the following five underlined sentences into Chinese. Write your translation on the Answer Sheet.Warning and other signs blamed for

55、two million accidentsNearly two million drivers in the UK have had accidents due to “Baby On Board” signs and childrens toys that obscure their view, according to alarming new research.One in 20 motorists says stickers and playtime paraphernalia are to blame for a collision-equivalent to 1. 85 milli

56、on of Britains 37 million drivers.1.The revelation triggered a warning by road safety charity Brake to cut down on clutter in the car.Deputy chief executive Julie Townsend said “Baby On Board” signs are useful in alerting the emergency services that a child may be involved in the event of a crash.“T

57、his help can become a hindrance if drivers display signs when their child isnt in the vehicle，” she said.2. “Worse still is the danger that can be posed by drivers blocking out their view by staining windows with lots of sign.”“Drivers1 priority should always be getting there safely without putting

58、themselves, young passengers or other road users at risk.”3.A survey commissioned by price comparison website C found that 37 percent of parents have displayed signs and four out of five of them believe they improve safety4.But 46 per cent admit doing so at all timesregardless of whether or not thei

59、r child is in the car and 15 per cent confess they only have them for their novelty value.The poll of 2, 000 drivers also found that 46 percent of drivers regard them as a hazard and 33 percent say they are tacky.“There are benefits and dangers to “Baby on Board” signs. 5.They can offer useful infor

60、mation for nurses in the case of a crash but having too many novelty items displayed could be a safety issue,” said a Confused, com spokesman.【答案】1.因此，道路交通安全慈善机构Brake提醒大家清理车辆的相关物品。2.“更糟的是，如果车主在车窗上散乱地贴了很多车贴，会妨碍视线，造成危险。”3.比价网站C开展的一项调查发现，37%的父母使用了车贴，其中4/5相信这能使行驶更安全。4.但有46%的受访者承认，不管孩子在没在车里，他们都会使用车贴，还有15

61、%承认自己这样做只是因为新奇有趣。5.在遇到交通事故时，这种车贴可以为医护人员提供有用的信息，但如果车上贴了太多花里胡哨的车贴，就会造成安全隐患了。”18. 单选题When you ask me about Cynthia, what were you（ ） ?问题1选项A.meaning forB.driving atC.intending forD.intending to【答案】B【解析】考查词组辨析。选项A介词搭配不正确，可首先排除；B选项drive at相当于aim at“用意所在”；C选项intend for“打算使”；D选项intend to“打算做，想要”，后面一般需要接do sth.。句意：你问我关于辛西娅的事，你的用意何在？所以选项B正确。19. 单选题Our license will（