2021版新高考英语一轮复习 课时提能练39-40 北师大版

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1、课时提能练39-40课时提能练(三十九)选修7Unit 20New Frontiers(A)课时作业A：基础层面.单句语法填空1Two men got beaten(beat) in the restaurant last night.2I was afraid the kids would give the whole thing away.3Nothing can make up for what they have suffered.4There is no doubt about what has happened.5She was having lunch when an old f

2、riend came to see her.单句改错1Many support the former alternative，but personally I favour the later. laterlatter2I doubt that they can swim across the river.thatwhether/if3Aspirin (阿司匹林) is a certain cure of a headache.offor4Time permits，Ill see you after the meeting.permitspermitting5Dedicated to rais

3、e money for the project，they have been working day and night.raiseraising.选词成篇Anothing like，carry out，wrestle with，by mistake，take over，give away，in advanceLi Jun 1.took_over a big company from his father several years ago.Now he is 2.carrying_out a project to 3.wrestle_with some difficulties he has

4、 caused 4.by_mistake.In order not to 5.give_away the secret，he held a meeting to make a plan 6.in_advance.He is 7.nothing_like what he was before.Bfigure out，get across，rather than，make up for，in addition，due to，in conclusionAfter an exam，our English teacher often asks us to 8.figure_out the reasons

5、 for our mistakes 9.rather_than forces us to copy the questions as other teachers. 10.In_addition，he often asks us to correct the mistakes 11.due_to carelessness or other reasons.Then we are asked to make plans to 12.make_up_for our mistakes. 13.In_conclusion，he will use his own ways to 14.get the r

6、elated knowledge across to us.完成句子1I feel_it_an_honor (我感到荣幸)to have an opportunity to speak here about our dreams.2I had asked everyone to raise questions in_advance_of_the_meeting(会议前)3By the time the bell rings，we will_have_finished (将已经完成)the experiment in the lab.4There_is_no_doubt_that (毫无疑问)M

7、ary performed well in the speaking competition.5No_matter_what/Whatever_you_do(无论做什么)，being sincere is the most important.课时作业B：能力层面.阅读理解A(2019大连市一模)Emilia Dobek traces her interest in space and the universe back to third grade when she and her father watched a blood moona total lunar eclipse(月食)on

8、the roof of their house.Now a seventh grader at East Prairie Elementary School，Dobek recently won the national Discovery Education Lockheed Martin Beyond Challenge by designing a space station for travelling to Mars.She says that night watching the lunar eclipse started a strong desire in her that h

9、as yet to run out of fuel.So when her teacher Andrea Smeeton received information about the national challenge，Smeeton said she immediately had one student in mind.“I knew she would love the challenge and that she would go way beyond in her search，” Smeeton said.“She immediately started researching

10、bone density(密度) of astronauts and how to have food on Mars.”“My design will ensure the safety of the astronauts but also make sure their comfort is out of this world，” Dobek says.Dobeks design calls for building the MSS or Mars Storage Station to put the supplies in.It also includes the SGF or Self

11、Growing Farm，and she details how it would work with the elements on Mars.Then there is physical and leisure activity for the astronauts under Dobeks design.A simulator (模拟装置) allows astronauts to choose their exercise machine and virtual reality environment.Rooms have circular ceilings so astronauts

12、 will be able to watch downloaded shows and even see places on Earth，such as their homes.“I want to tell other kids to follow their passions，” Dobek said.“Whatever they want to do，they should push for it and always try their best.”【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了小学生Emilia Dobek设计太空站，并赢得挑战的相关内容。1Dobek first became inte

13、rested in space when _.Ashe was still a seventh graderBshe studied at a junior high schoolCshe lived on the top of their houseDshe watched an eclipse of the moonD细节理解题。根据第一段“Emilia Dobek traces her interest in space and the universe back to third grade when she and her father watched a blood moona t

14、otal lunar eclipse(月食)on the roof of their house”可知，Dobek对太空感兴趣是从她在三年级时的一个晚上观看一次月食开始的。2Smeeton recommended that Dobek take the challenge because _.Ashe knew Dobek liked challenges in lifeBshe had no other students interested in MarsCDobek knew how to research bone density of astronautsDshe was sure

15、that Dobek would have outstanding performanceD推理判断题。根据第四段Smeeton的话可推知，她对Dobek很了解，对其可以接受这项挑战并出色完成充满信心。3What does Dobek focus on when designing the space station?AThe environment on Mars.BThe safety of the supplies.CThe activities for astronauts.DThe comfort of the astronauts.D推理判断题。根据文章第五段中的“make sur

16、e their comfort is out of this world”并结合对倒数第二段的整体理解可推知，Dobek的设计包含身体和休闲活动，让宇航员在太空中也感到舒适。B(2019长春市质量监测一)I was waiting for my train and on the subway stations floor was a man just sitting there.I looked around and nobody stopped so I just went my way.After a few steps，I turned and asked him whether he

17、needed help.He told me his house was one station further and he would only need to take the train there.So I reached for his hand to help him stand up.He wanted to take the stairs but I feared that he would hurt himself since he seemed too weak to walk，so I asked him to take the elevator.Even though

18、 my mind was trying to turn the danger lights on，I put the thought that I should not go alone with a drunken man out of my mind and accompanied him on the elevator.We arrived on the platform with no incidents.The mans knees seemed to soften，so I asked him to rest on a bench.While sitting there，he th

19、anked me，telling me that I saved him.No，I said，I really did nothing; he saved himself as he walked on his own feet.At the next station，we said our goodbyes.Before I knew it，he left 100 dollars and dashed out of the train.There was no way to give him back his money.I wanted to leave it on the seat，bu

20、t a young woman who thought it belonged to me ran after me and gave me the note.My initial reaction to getting that money was of shame and I even felt offended.Then I thought he just wanted to thank me，the best way he knew how.Now，my question iswhat act of kindness shall I do with these 100 dollars?

21、【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。作者在地铁站台看到有个醉汉坐在地上，于是把对方搀扶起来并陪他坐上地铁，临下车的时候对方塞给作者一百美元，作者准备用这笔钱继续帮助别人。4Why was the man sitting on the subway stations floor?ABecause he wanted to go home.BBecause he was seriously ill.CBecause he was drunk.DBecause he was waiting for the train.C细节理解题。根据第二段第二句中的“I put the thought.with a dr

22、unken man”可知，这个人坐在地铁站的地上是因为喝醉了。5Seeing the money left by the man，the author first felt _.AashamedBgratefulCdelightedDfrustratedA细节理解题。根据尾段第一句中的“My initial reaction.was of shame”可知，作者看到这笔钱最初的反应是感到羞愧，因此选A。6How will the author possibly deal with the money?AGive it back.BBuy something favorable.CLeave i

23、t on the seat.DGive it to people in need.D推理判断题。根据尾段最后一句“Now，my question is.do with these 100 dollars”可推知，作者下一步要用这笔钱去帮助他人，因此选D。7What can we infer from the passage?AI helped the man the moment I saw him.BI accompanied the man to take the stairs.CI thought it unsafe to go alone with the drunken man at

24、 first.DA young woman ran after me and gave me the note.C推理判断题。根据第二段可知，作者先是把不应该单独与这个醉汉同行的念头赶走，并在电梯里陪着他，因此C项正确。.阅读七选五(2019湖南省六校联考)Gardening 380 Kilometers above EarthAstronauts have to go through physical，psychological，and technical training. They also go through training in how to care for plants.Th

25、ese “astronaut gardeners” share their work and living space with plants.Taking seeds and plants along on a trip isnt a new idea.As space trips become longer，it will be necessary to grow food in space._1_ Because of this，its not practical to send everything needed for a long journey，only to be used o

26、nce and thrown away.Plants can serve many uses on a space journey.They can provide more fresh things._2_ Also，plants can help to make air quality better because they produce oxygen.They can improve the quality of the air inside the spacecraftthe only air the astronauts can breathe._3_ Due to the lac

27、k of gravity in space，the oxygen that the plants produce stays around the plants.This can actually kill them，so fans are needed to circulate the air. Without gravity，roots dont “know” to grow down，leaves dont “know” to grow up，and water doesnt easily travel up the roots to the leaves._4_ Besides，soi

28、l is too heavy to send to space，and special liquid gels(凝胶) are used to help plant growth.Scientists are also working on the plants themselves.They are trying to make plants grow more rapidly and grow with less water and light in space，and they are looking for ways to make plants more resistant to d

29、isease._5_ Imagine that deserts may one day provide lots of fresh food for local people，saving transportation costs.Similarly，plants that are resistant to disease could provide an important food supply.With the worlds population now at about 7.7 billion people，our astronaut gardeners may help discov

30、er ways to feed those billions.AEvery plant grown in space must have several uses.BHowever，there are challenges with growing plants in space.CSuch methods may result in improvements back here on Earth.DThe cost of taking anything into space is about $22,000 per kilogram.ESpecialized containers are b

31、eing developed to help the plants grow correctly.FAstronauts will welcome the addition of fruits and vegetables to their diet of dry foods.GCurrently all oxygen is taken aboard in tanks.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了宇航员在太空种植的原因和好处以及种植方法。1D空后是说将所有所需东西带上太空是不切合实际的；据此可推知，空处应是介绍空后一句的原因；故D项“带任何东西到太空的花费大约是每千克22 000美

32、元”符合语境。2F根据空前一句可知，植物可以为宇航员提供新鲜的东西；根据空后一句可知，植物还可以改善太空站的空气质量，因为其可以产生氧气；据此可推知，空处应是介绍太空种植植物的好处，即宇航员也喜欢在他们的干粮中有新鲜的果蔬食物，故F项正确。3B上文介绍了太空种植的好处，即为宇航员提供新鲜的果蔬、改善太空站的空气质量等；结合下文可知，种植太空果蔬有一定的困难；据此可知，空处承上启下，与上文形成转折关系，故B项正确。4E根据上文可知，在失重的情况下，植物的根和叶不知道如何生长，水分也不容易从根部传到叶子上；而空后一句介绍了关于土壤的解决方法；据此可推知，空处应是介绍解决上述问题的方法，故E项“正在

33、研制专门的容器去帮助植物正确地生长”符合语境。5C根据空前一句可知，科学家们正在寻找各种让植物少使用水，在太空快速生长，而且可以抵抗病害的方法；且下文又提到改良后的植物对地球的影响；据此可推知，空处应是说明这些方法可以在地球上运用以带来改善，故C项正确。.语法填空 (2019贵阳市适应性考试一)Chinas space program has become the first to land a spacecraft on the 1._(socall) dark side of the moon.The landing on Thursday brought the country clos

34、er to its goal of becoming a space power.Change 4 sent a picture taken at 11：40 in the morning back to Earth.It shows small craters and 2._empty surface that appears to be 3._(light) by a light from the lunar explorer.The name Change comes from a subject of Chinese mythology that many Chinese believ

35、e 4._(live) on the moon for thousands of years.The landing is an example of Chinas 5._(grow) desire to compete with the American，Russian and European space 6._(program)China also wants to strengthen 7._(it) position.Hou Xiyun is a professor at Nanjing Universitys school of astronomy and space scienc

36、e.He told the Associated Press，“8._ the whole，Chinas space technology still falls behind the West，but with the landing on the far side of the moon，we have raced to the front.”He added that China plans to explore Mars，Jupiter and asteroids(小行星) in the future.“Theres no doubt 9._ our nation will go fa

37、rther and farther，”he said.In 2013，Change 3 made the first moon landing since the former Soviet Unions Luna 24 in 1976.The United States is the only country that has 10._ (success)sent a person to the moon.But China is considering a crewed mission，as well.For now，China plans to send a Change 5 space

38、craft to the moon in 2019 and have it return to Earth with collected particles.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要通过讲述“嫦娥四号”登陆月球背面介绍了中国的太空探索发展状况。1socalled考查词形转换。修饰名词应用形容词，故用形容词socalled 修饰dark side，作定语。2an考查冠词。surface是可数名词，且第一次在语境中出现，故用不定冠词修饰，且empty的发音以元音音素开头，故填an。3lit/lighted考查动词的语态。根据空后的介词“by”并结合语境可知，此处是被动结构，即“bedon

39、e”的形式，故填lit/lighted。4has lived考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，that引导定语从句，指代a subject，在从句中作主语，故此处应用第三人称单数形式；且根据时间状语for thousands of years可知，本句应用现在完成时，故填has lived。5growing考查形容词。growing 是形容词，意为“增长的”，在句中作定语，修饰名词desire。6programs考查名词的单复数。program是可数名词，且其前无限定词修饰，故用复数形式，故填programs。7its考查代词。此处应用形容词性物主代词its修饰名词position。

40、8On考查介词。on the whole是固定搭配，意为“大体上”，符合语境，故填介词On。9that考查固定用法。分析句子结构可知，此处考查固定用法There is no doubt that，意为“毫无疑问”，符合语境，故填that。10successfully考查副词。修饰动词应用副词，故用副词successfully修饰其后的动词sent，在句子中作状语。.短文改错假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余

41、的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。(2019石家庄市毕业班教学质量检测)Last term，I accommodated an exchange student calling Jacob from the Great Britain to our school.He really cares for Chinese culture.Jacob asked me to show himself around the city on weekends.I took him

42、 to many local place of interest and we also go to the theater to watch a show of Peking opera.He was so attracted by the performance as he decided to learn it.My father happened to know a master of Peking opera and introduced Jacob to him.Jacob was great honored to be one of his students.Put his he

43、art into it，Jacob made a rapid progress.When he returned England，he gave a performance，for what he won much admiration from his classmates.答案Last term，I accommodated an exchange student Jacob from the Great Britain to our school.He really cares for Chinese culture.Jacob asked me to show around the c

44、ity on weekends.I took him to many local of interest and we also to the theater to watch a show of Peking opera.He was so attracted by the performance he decided to learn it.My father happened to know a master of Peking opera and introduced Jacob to him.Jacob was honored to be one of his students. h

45、is heart into it，Jacob made arapid progress.When he returned England，he gave a performance，for he won much admiration from his classmates.课时提能练(四十)选修7Unit 20New Frontiers(B)课时作业A：基础层面.单句语法填空1The guards permitted me to_bring (bring) my camera and tape recorder.2By the time Jack returned home from Eng

46、land，his son had_graduated (graduate) from college.3By the time he leaves university，he will_have_gained(gain) work experience so long as he takes parttime job.4If every one of us donates a days pay to the Hope Project，then it will be hopeful.5With the assistance of my English teacher Ive made rapid

47、 progress in English.单句改错1I always prefer starting early，rather than leave everything to the last minute.leaveleaving2By next Sunday you have stayed with us for three months.you后加will3After graduation for ten years，they are still corresponding to each other.towith4Do you think the USA will declare w

48、ar to Syria this year？toon5Here are some good sources of information to assist you on making the best selection.onin.完成句子1他告诉我，他这次考得一团糟。He told me that he had made_a_mess_of the test.2我希望这次成功将激励你更加努力。I hope this success will inspire you_to_greater_efforts.3这次演出有众多观众，从孩子到老人。The show had a massive aud

49、ience，ranging_from_children_to old people.4他说他与这件事没有关系。He said he had nothing_to_do_with the matter.5全世界的电视台由卫星相连。Television stations around the world are_linked_by satellite.课时作业B：能力层面.阅读理解A(2019昆明质量检测)Bats are the only mammals(哺乳动物) that can fly a long distance，but they have another ability.Many b

50、ats live a very long time for an animal of their size.European researchers are studying bats to understand why they live so long. They hope to make discoveries aimed at fighting the aging process in human beings.Last week，the group of scientists said they had discovered important biological qualitie

51、s in some bat species.The group studied bat chromosomes(染色体)The scientists were most interested in structures connected to the ends of the chromosomes.They are called telomeres(端粒)，which shorten each time a cell divides. The scientists believe this shortening process causes cells to break down.They

52、say this is what causes aging.The European researchers studied 493 bats from four bat species.The group used information that had been gathered over more than 60 years.Of these animals，the greater mouseeared bat generally lived an average of 37 years.The scientists said it had telomeres that did not

53、 shorten with age.Another Myotis hold the record for oldest age，reaching 41 years.The scientists findings suggest that these bats cells have the ability to keep and repair their telomeres.This，they said，helps guard against the aging process.Based on its body size，a bat like the greater mouseeared ba

54、t would be expected to live four years.But，these mammals have been found to live nearly 10 times longer than that.The scientists found that only 19 species of mammals live longer than humans when their body size is considered.18 of these are bats.The only exception is an unusual African rat.【语篇解读】本文

55、是一篇研究性实验报告。欧洲研究人员通过研究蝙蝠来了解它们长寿的原因。1What decides bats aging process according to the text?AThe length of telomeres.BThe body size of the bat.CThe types of chromosomes.DThe building of cells.A细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The scientists were most interested in.They say this is what causes aging.”可知，科学家们对连接到染色体末端的结构最感

56、兴趣。它们被称为端粒，每次细胞分裂时它会缩短。科学家们相信这个缩短的过程会导致细胞分裂。他们说这是导致变老的原因，由此可知，端粒的长度决定了蝙蝠变老的过程。故选A。2How long does a greater mouseeared bat generally live?A19 years.B37 years.C41 years.D60 years.B细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Of these animals，the greater mouseeared bat generally lived an average of 37 years.”可知，在这些动物中，通常大鼠耳蝠的平均寿命为37

57、岁。故选B。3We can learn from the text that _.Athe scientists have studied bats for more than six decadesB19 kinds of bats could live longer than humansCthe bats studied in the research are of the same speciesDresearchers focus on finding out why humans live longA推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The European researchers.ha

58、d been gathered over more than 60 years.”可知，欧洲的研究人员研究了四种蝙蝠中的493只蝙蝠。该组研究人员使用了超过60年间收集的信息。故可推断出选项A的表述是正确的。4In which column of a magazine can you read the text?ALifestyle.BBusiness.CScience.DFashion.C文章出处题。本文是对蝙蝠长寿原因的探究并且研究人员都是科学家，所以应该是在杂志中科研方面的专栏，所以选项C是正确的。B(2019惠州第二次调研)In many ways，Providence Mount S

59、t.Vincent in Seattle is a typical senior living community.It is home to about 400 elderly residents and provides them with different types of assistance.However，it is also the Intergenerational Learning Centera preschool where children and seniors have the chance to bond.Established in 1991，the ILCs

60、 purpose is to allow kids to learn about acceptance while they are also being nurtured.It also aims to help seniors develop a greater sense of selfworth and strengthen social interactions.Babies to prekindergartenaged children are placed into six different classes at the ILC.The kids attend art and

61、music classes，as well as story time and exercise time with the seniors.Marie Hoover，ILC director，said that interacting with the seniors has proven beneficial for the young ones，making them more openminded.“For the ILC children，interacting with the residents is simply part of their daytoday life here

62、 and the way aging is normalized，which may be the most important benefit they receive，” Hoover said.“Ive had parents call me years after their children have graduated from our program to let me know about some incidents when their child was the first to warmly greet someone who happened to be in a w

63、heelchair.”As for the seniors，theyre delighted by the companionship the children provide.The children bring so much energy and joy to our residents.Many of the residents are widows or widowers and can become lonely.Their adult children may still be working，so they may not get to see them as often as they would like.Having the children stay with the old makes our residents feel they are still part of a community. The young and the old connect and learn from one another at this_unique_ facility.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个为老年人和孩子所设立的学习中心：ILC。5ILC is intended to_